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The aim of the study was to analyse trends and forecasting of tuberculosis mortality at the regional level by use of mathematical methods: linear regression and model based on artificial intelligence machine learning and to compare the results of accuracy of prognosis. The analysis of the constructed trends showed that in the Sverdlovsk region over the past 10 years there has been a stable statistically reliable trend towards a decrease in the mortality rate from tuberculosis with an average rate of decrease of -10.5% per year. As of the end of 2022, in the Sverdlovsk region, the studied indicator decreased by 66.9% compared to the baseline level of 2012.The forecast using regression allowed us to obtain values of indicators close enough to the actual ones, however, it is linear and overly optimistic, assuming zero mortality from infection in the coming years, which cannot be reliable due to the sufficient number of tuberculosis patients whose probability of death is not zero. A dynamic simulation model based on machine learning is a more complex and subtle forecasting tool that takes into account many factors, allows you to obtain relevant values of predicted indicators, but it requires increased accuracy which can be achieved by additional training, which will require search for additional factors affecting tuberculosis mortality.

The change of the elemental composition of a layered charge consisting of particles of sulfur brown coal and marble during oxidation in a furnace heated to 1200°C has been studied. It has been determined that as coal burns out, the sulfur was released into the gas phase and partially absorbed by marble. At the final oxidation temperature (1200°C), approximately 5% of the initial sulfur content remains in the coal, about 40% was absorbed by the marble, and the remaining 55% passes into the gas phase.

The influence of heating rate, temperature and particle size of sulfur brown coal from the Moscow region on the yield of coke residue and its elemental composition was studied. The results can be useful in choosing a rational way of using the presented coals from the energy and ecology point of view.

This paper focuses on the development of the formulation of modified amino-formaldehyde oligomers, the study of their properties, obtaining impregnation compositions based on them and the study of the properties of the finished product -reinforced wood particle board. As a modifying component we chose ethylene glycol, salts of organic acids (modifier CN) and alloying additive “OLIGO LD”. Ethylene glycol at the stage of synthesis was used to improve stability and elasticity of oligomers. The CN modifier was introduced during the synthesis of oligomers, which allowed to influence the properties of the obtained products in a directed way.

The analysis of the structure of the UC AIMS and the interrelation of its subsystems is carried out. The perspective of the development of the UC AIMS system by creating a Situational Control Center for ordering and consolidating the interaction of various control subsystems included in the overall structure is considered. The activity of the situation center allows to reduce the workload of employees of departments and the audit apparatus, resulting in a reduction in production costs, improvement of quality indicators, as well as obtaining a certain economic effect. The UC AIMS information and analytical system is aimed at improving the level of technical condition of the track and infrastructure in good condition. The creation of a unified information environment is aimed at increasing reliability and optimizing costs when planning travel work. The creation of a Situational Center is aimed at dividing the initial information into true and false at the stage of its preliminary analysis before the start of calculations. This separation will allow us to consider the stage of preparation for computational iterations in automatic mode. This can significantly reduce the number of calculated iterations performed (approximately by 3-5%), by reducing the time for processing the array of source data and increase the efficiency of the information and analytical unit of the UC AIMS system (approximately by 6-10%).

A powder-filled epoxy compound was tested for cavitation wear in the form of bronze particles BraZHNMc9-4-4-1. The particles were obtained by sawing a bronze bar. The composition of the compound was as follows: 100 parts of resin K-153 and 12 parts of hardener (polyethylene polyamine). The specimens were shaped as cylinders, 15.5 and 15 mm in diameter and height, respectively. The tests were carried out with an ultrasonic magnetostrictive vibrator in fresh water at water temperature 20 ± 3 ° C. The frequency and amplitude of oscillations of the vibrator hub end were approximately 22 kHz and 28 μm, respectively. The distance between the end of the concentrator and the end of the specimen wear was set to 0.5 mm. A second-order model describing the cavitation wear as a function of the bronze particle size, its content in the composite and the specific surface area of the particles was constructed by the least-squares method. The cavitation wear of the composite increases with increasing values of these parameters. The greatest influence on composite cavitation wear has the total surface area of bronze microparticles in volume unit.

Research background: The globalization of the European countries within the EU and the Eurozone is primarily economic and is expressed by the free trade and the movement of capital and labour, which determines the incomes and the GDP. Globalization and its impact on inequality is becoming an essential and problematic issue, especially in the context of on-going economic integration processes between the countries in Europe, which seek to converge their economic, social and political systems in the Euro area. The process of inequality has become even more relevant in the context of globalization. Purpose of the article: The paper aims to examine the impact of globalization on the inequality in the developed and the emerging economies in Europe. Methods: On the basis of an econometric assessment, a comparative analysis of the effect of globalization on the inequality in the developed European countries and the emerging countries is carried out. Findings & Value added: The paper analyses the essential aspects and the effects of the income inequality dynamics, both horizontally and vertically. It also addresses the question of whether the effect of globalization on the economic growth and the inequality is the same for the developing and the developed countries, respectively. Based on the research, seven important conclusions are reached.

In this article, in the context of home ecology, authors rise the problem of the interpretation of such concepts as «reequipment» and «redevelopment» of residential premises. Which are found in the texts of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation and the Decree of the State Building N170 of 27 September 2003. The authors propose that, along with the well-known components of the ecology of the dwelling, positive changes in the design of the space planning solutions should be considered as one of the criteria for improving the evaluation. In practice, participants in the projects while improving the environment in the homes, face the proliferation of these terms, which are misleading and require further specifications. The article contains the results of real housing redevelopment projects implemented in 2019-2020 in the Kalininsky district of Saint-Petersburg. In addition, the main preferences of the owners of the apartment buildings were taken into consideration. Until recently all of these activities were carried out by the owner, but at the time of the research all works were carried out by licensed specialists. It is suggested that such projects will continue to evolve, however, this process will depend on the introduction of new environmentally friendly building materials and technologies. Moreover, when household appliances will take a bigger share on the consumer market, there will be the improvement of the quality of the indoor environment and it will diversify the capabilities of the owners.

The first step in systemic addressing the problem of corruption is the comprehension of its scale and nature. This paper explores the extent of fraud and corruption in professional sport. In addition to exploring the forms of legal response, one should mention the improper coverage of the issues of counteracting corruption in professional sport. Fraud and, specifically, corruption in sport is difficult to assess. Most of all-Russian and regional sports federations, physical culture and sports associations tend not to recognise the existence of corruption or fraud in particular sports, or claim that fraud and corruption are under control. Purpose of the study: to explore the extent of corruption and fraud in professional sport. We present a systematic review of literature that explores corruption and fraud, identifying the factors of corruption and fraud in professional sport. To search for relevant studies, the published literature was identified as based on Scimagojr, ResearchGate, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, Sage Open, in search of relevant studies. Results and novelty: Some sports federations recognise that corruption and fraud are detrimental to fair play and integrity of the professional sport. It is a good practice to develop guidelines for sportsmen in relation to a particular professional sport, which outlines the deeds recognised as corruption and fraud, sets the procedure for their registration, assessment and measures to mitigate and counteract such threats. We have outlined the specifics of motivation for corruption and fraud in professional sport, which differs from the ways of corruption in other segments (like health, education, public service). Professional sports are not characterised by such traditional stimuli for corruption and fraud as poor working conditions and low wages, due to the fact that professional sportsmen are highly paid and their work conditions and social guarantees are much better than those of most ordinary people.

Three-phase two-level inverters using space vector modulation (SVPWM) technology are one of the most popular inverter architectures today. The process of designing and manufacturing inverter systems usually goes through the following stages: simulation, hardware design, software programming on MCU, editing … In this article, we will focus on problem researching and implementing the SVPWM algorithm on an Arduino in detail. Besides, it is also based on the experimental survey of the inverter’s parameters, analyzing and proposing improved solutions for the inverter to operate optimally. SVPWM algorithm is tested on Arduino Mega 2560 board and small power inverter model.

The purpose of the work is to develop a method of diagnostics and control of oil production equipment to improve energy efficiency and optimize operation modes, through the use of a wattmeter program and its spectrum. The method of diagnostics according to the wattmetrogram is based on obtaining the active power spent by the electric motor for one period of rocking of the rocker. Analysis of the spectrum of wattmetrograms makes it possible to more accurately diagnose defects of this equipment. Thus, control over the spectra of the wattmetrogram is a more accurate and promising method of diagnosing equipment. Materials and methods: In the development of this issue, both domestic and foreign literature was used. The technical data of the control stations and sensors were used on the basis of actual electrical equipment. The prospects and benefits of using diagnostic options weltmetropole: relatively small number of sensors (current and voltage transformers); ability to measure the electric power consumed by the drive; ability to integrate with automated systems of technical and commercial electricity metering; the task is relevant already today, but it is quite promising in the future, due to the rapid development of technologies that allow for digital processing of wattmetrograms; use of these technologies in practice; economic advantages over similar representatives of this segment; service life of more than 20 years; ability to work in a wide temperature range -40 — +60.

The article provides a rationale for the need to study psychological safety as a factor of social health of the intensive development of digitalization. Students, teachers, parents of various social groups become hostages of colossal information, which is contradictory and affects the social norms of the culture of specific peoples. Education is becoming more inclusive. Social cognitive dissonance arises, negatively affecting the social health of participants in education. The paper presents a model of the concept of psychological safety of students, which includes the following components: 1) safe digital content, taking into account age characteristics and ethnic and confessional values; 2) preservation and strengthening of social health; 3) self-development of personal and professional qualities of participants in education, taking into account the cognitive needs and analysis of the digital footprint.

A study of the gas consumption modes of the subgroup “Enterprises of construction industry and architecture” of the regional gas supply system, as well as the production of sheet glass, which forms gas consumption in the subgroup by 94%, was carried out. The field type “daily gas consumption outside temperature” is set for the subgroup and the plant for production of sheet glass. This is a field with a weak dependence on the growth of daily gas consumption when outside temperature decreases and without an obvious stratification into temperature regions determined by the state of the heating system (“on” or “off”) and a significant vertical spread of daily gas flow at the same values of outside temperature. Additional factors affecting gas consumption were searched. The created database of 14 technological indicators over a seven-year period allowed to identify factors forming daily and annual gas consumption regimes using correlation-regression analysis. The importance of the “time worked by the line” factor and its contribution to the formation of the annual volume of gas consumption was assessed. Invention proposes a simplified method of estimating the rate of aging of furnace lining and wear of enclosing structures on the basis of a single-factor model of gas consumption from productivity by comparing the daily average annual values of specific gas consumption for sheet glass production with the same volume of output.

Modern highly mechanized and electrified agriculture places high demands on power supply reliability and uninterrupted work. To increase the reliability of power supply to agricultural consumers, in some cases, taking into account the configuration of electric distribution networks and the availability of responsible consumers, a conditionally closed ring network is created. Interruptions in power supply lead to downtime of agricultural production, a decrease in the volume of output, damage to the main technological equipment [1, 2]. In this regard, there is a need to make informed decisions on the choice of ways to increase the reliability of uninterrupted power supply due to the reservation of various elements of the power supply system, improving the organization of maintenance, and the operational diagnostics of faulty elements.

The authors studied the effect of treatment with bacteria Bacillus subtilis Cohn (strains 26D) and B. thuringiensis Berliner (strain B-6066) on the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content, the activity of hydrolytic enzymes and their protein inhibitors in potato plants (Solanum tuberosum L.) in connection with development of resistance to the late blight pathogen - oomycete Phytophthora infestans Mont. de Bary. Studies were carried out on potato plants of the susceptible Early Rose potato cultivar that were treated with a suspension of B. subtilis and B. thuringiensis bacteria (108 cells/ml) and infected with P. infestans (107 spores/ml). A decrease in the degree of leaf damage by oomycete was revealed under the influence of the genus Bacillus bacteria, depending on the strain. The increase in potato resistance to P. infestans infection was mediated by the stimulating effect of the B. subtilis 26D and the B. thuringiensis B-6066 bacteria on the concentration of H2O2, the modulating effect on the activity of hydrolytic enzymes and the enhancement of the transcriptional activity of protease and amylase inhibitor genes in plant tissues. Differences in the degree of activation of the transcriptional activity of hydrolase inhibitor genes by the B. subtilis 26D and the B. thuringiensis B-6066 bacteria were revealed, which suggests differential ways of forming the potato resistance to P. infestans under their influence.

In the course of work on the project, we have created a permanent magnet synchronous motor, which will be effectively used in the oil industry, or rather 2 models: 15and 55-kW motors. After the tests carried out, the problem with the achievement of the specified value of the efficiency of the engines was clarified, and it was necessary to solve this problem without significantly changing the design. One of the solutions is presented in the article.

Modern trends in the development of technologies are based on the need to conduct experimental studies of the developed equipment in laboratory conditions with the maximum approximation of operating modes to real ones. Such studies are impossible without the development of specialized stands with test automation systems. In modern test equipment systems, devices are often used to create a mechanical load on the shaft of the electric motor under study. As such a device, a system of frequency converter load asynchronous electric motor has been proposed and implemented, which has been tested at the test bench and has proven itself from the best side in comparison with traditional circuits using DC motors.

This paper presents an approach to the estimation of ground surface distortion based on the data from the online deformation monitoring systems mounted on the foundations of the group of buildings located in the area of ground instability. The local monitoring systems provide control of building foundation settlements using the hydrostatic level measurement technique. These data are used to calculate the inclination foundation angles which reflect the distortion of the earth's surface at local points. The hydrostatic level system allows one to perform measurements with the desired space and time sampling and to obtain a quite detailed picture of the changes in the deformation parameters over time. A set of such local monitoring units forms a distributed system that allows monitoring the state of the earth's surface over a large area. Here, we present long-term results obtained using such system located in the city area above mining. The evolution of the inclination angles of the group of overlying buildings is shown. We discuss the validity of this approach, and estimate the accuracy of the measuring method and the factors that influence it. Finally, we assess the possibility of making short-term predictions of deformation processes inside the rock massif.

When screens are used as the sole means of sand control, they function as a downhole filter. The entry of sand or other particles into horizontal and vertical wells presents the problem of steel erosion and productivity lost. Downhole is the most desirable location to restrict its access into the well. The problem of material reliability testing is relevant today, that’s why several erosion tests were made and studied. Self-made test bench allow varying velocity flow and fractions conditions (composition, quantity, size, hardness). Slurry erosion experiments resulted in wear of downhole sand control screens. The wear criteria were checked by weight loss of screen samples material and its integrity degradation. The idea of slurry erosion tests was to reveal screens wear.

This article describes a vibration model connected by individual nodes of a DC motor. The purpose of the article is a mathematical model allowing to predict the work of machines with a depreciation resource and search for ways to increase the information content of assessing the functioning of the rolling stock condition without dismantling them. Currently, the operational reliability of the DC motor is reduced after the development of the service life. Study and evaluation of the vibration effect on the brush-collector node. The main components of the DC motor (bearings, electrical brushes) are unrecoverable. Therefore, any interference with their normal operation leads to premature wear of the entire DC motor. Existing methods for life-extending maintain the operational reliability of a DC motor equal or close to the passport data for several years. This model allows vibration diagnostics without dismantling the DC motor and stopping the rolling stock. The mathematical model describes the oscillations of each node of the DC motor in the direction of movement of the rolling stock, showing the excess of the permissible value. After mathematical processing of the results, a machine reliability model under study is obtained (usually in the form of polynomials) as a function of the needed parameters – the influencing factors. Due to this model, pre-detected defects can save on repairs and maintenance in the future. This model is the basis of software for online diagnostics. The proposed model allows providing an objective use of repair and restoration compositions depending on the current technical condition, which will lead to an increase in the service life of the mechanism and savings in operating costs. On the one hand, extending the operating life of a DC motor should produce an economic effect, and on the other hand, technical measures to maintain operational reliability cause an increase in material costs.

The paper proposes a new approach to evaluation of ecological condition of water bodies. The method is based on the use of fractal dimension of the temporal dynamics of water environment pollution components as a quality indicator of state dynamics for a specific type of pollution or an ecosystem in its entirety. The method enables both common integrated and component-based differential evaluation. The writers have identified fractal threshold values that describe the extent of environmental stability of a water system, its resistance to industrial pollution, and probability of further anthropogenic loads. The paper offers a methodology to forecast the ecological condition of water bodies on the basis of quantitative estimation of dynamic fractal parameters representing pollution dynamics of water system components.

In work periodicity of impact of various external and internal factors on function of changing average work amounts and extent of various factors influence on the process of monolithic construction are defined by wavelet transform. Basic data are data on daily amount of the concreted structures (CBM) in 4.5 months. Using the continuous wavelet transform wavelet spectrum was constructed, which showed the periods of impact of external and internal factors on the construction process. Using the discrete wavelet transform the algorithm of an exception of critical deviations from a function of changing average work amounts was developed. This algorithm allows to plan future works taking into account the revealed factors.