244,649 results
Search Results
152. Contenus, positionnements, régulations et apprentissages mobilisés dans des écrits réflexifs en formation en alternance.
- Author
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De SIMONE, Soraya, MAUROUX, Laetitia, and BALSLEV, Kristine
- Abstract
Copyright of Revue Phronesis is the property of Phronesis-Editions-Formations and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2024
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153. Les rétractations d’articles : une bonne chose pour corriger la littérature scientifique.
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- 2024
154. Socio-legal theory as an understanding tool of legal practice: a research example
- Author
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Deborah de Felice, Carlos Marques Dorli João, Giuseppe Giura, and Vicente Riccio
- Subjects
Sociology (General) ,HM401-1281 ,Law - Abstract
The paper analyses the topic to understand how the legal and judicial practices in two Amazonian municipalities (Apuí and Lábrea) respond to the dynamics of environmental crimes in the region. The research project is a based in a qualitative and quantitative methodology. This paper discusses the initial results from interviews gathered in the city of Manaus with a Judge from the Amazonas State, a Prosecutor from Public Ministry, a Federal Police Commissar, and a member of the Environmental Agency of Amazonas. Thus, it is possible to understand: a) the context of environmental crimes in the cities of Apuí and Lábrea, b) the responses of criminal justice institutions to the occurrence of environmental crimes in the region. El artículo analiza el tema para comprender cómo las prácticas legales y judiciales en dos municipios amazónicos (Apuí y Lábrea) responden a la dinámica de los delitos ambientales en la región. El proyecto de investigación se basa en una metodología cualitativa y cuantitativa. Las entrevistas fueran realizadas en la ciudad de Manaus con un juez del estado de Amazonas, un fiscal del Ministerio Público, un comisario de la Policía Federal y un miembro de la Agencia Ambiental de Amazonas. Así, es posible comprender: a) el contexto de los delitos ambientales en las ciudades de Apuí y Lábrea, b) las respuestas de las instituciones de justicia penal ante la ocurrencia de delitos ambientales en la región.
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- 2024
155. Los efectos de la juridificación de la politica indígena: tipologías y marco teórico
- Author
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Sergi Vidal Parra
- Subjects
juridificación de la política indígena, movilización legal indígena, dimensión estrecha y amplia, efectos de empoderamiento o de dominación, marco teórico ,Sociology (General) ,HM401-1281 ,Law - Abstract
Al evaluar los efectos de la juridificación de la política indígena y dilucidar si han conducido a resultados de empoderamiento o dominación para los movimientos indígenas, deben considerarse los resultados del litigio desde una dimensión estrecha (efectos materiales directos) pero también los efectos indirectos y simbólicos de la movilización legal indígena, es decir, evaluar los efectos de la movilización legal desde una dimensión más amplia. Tras revisar el disperso cuerpo de literatura sobre los efectos de la juridificación de la política indígena (Sieder), en este artículo se propone adoptar el modelo de estudio propuesto por Gloppen y Wilson (2017) que compagina este doble análisis desde una dimensión estrecha y amplia, y para la dimensión amplia se sugiere seguir las categorías planteadas por Dugard en 2022 (power-with, power-to, power-within y power-from dimensions). De esta manera, se logra abordar integralmente los efectos de la movilización legal indígena y obtener conclusiones más consistentes al realizar los estudios de casos. To assess the effects of juridifcation of indigenous politics and conclude whether it has led to the empowerment or domination of indigenous movements, it shall be considered not only trial outcomes from a narrow dimension (direct, material effects), but also indirect and symbolic effects of indigenous legal mobilizations; that is, assess the effects of legal mobilizations from a broader dimension. After reviewing the limited body of literature on the effects of juridification of indigenous politics (Sieder), it is recommended in this paper to follow the study model proposed by Gloppen and Wilson (2017). This model combines this double analysis from a narrow and broad dimension. Besides, for the broad dimension, it is suggested to follow the categories set out by Dugard in 2022 (power-with, power-to, power-within and power-from dimensions). This way, it is possible to comprehensively address the effects of indigenous legal mobilizations and reach more consistent findings when undertaking case studies.
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- 2024
156. The medio-passive in Moroccan Arabic
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Ahmed Ech-Charfi
- Subjects
medio-passive ,Moroccan Arabic ,linguistic change ,Philology. Linguistics ,P1-1091 - Abstract
This paper provides a preliminary semantic description of the verbal category referred to in modern grammar books of Moroccan Arabic as the “medio-passive” (e.g. Harrell 1962). This category is distinguished by the medio-passive marker ‘t-’ that is prefixed to a verb stem to express a variety of grammatical meanings. The origin of this prefix can be traced back to a similar morpheme in Forms V, VI and VII of the verb in Classical Arabic associated with reflexive, reciprocal, resultative and similar meanings. Most of these meanings still survive in the MA medio-passive form, which is also used to express the passive. Following the classification suggested by Kemmer (1993), this paper discusses four major uses of the medio-passive in MA. These are the passive (e.g. t-hǝrrǝs ‘to be broken’), the reciprocal (e.g. t-fahǝm ‘to get to mutual understanding’), the reflexive (e.g. t-ʕǝllǝm ‘to learn/teach oneself), and the middle (e.g. t-ʕǝʒʒǝb ‘to be surprised’) uses. The description is intended to serve as a basis for future comparison of the medio-passive in MA with its counterparts in other languages and the role diachronic change plays in shaping this grammatical category.
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- 2024
157. Overt PRO in Gã
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Deborah Allotey and Ileana Paul
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Gã ,PRO ,infinitival predicates ,minimal pronouns ,Philology. Linguistics ,P1-1091 - Abstract
This paper presents data from Gã (Kwa, Niger-Congo language spoken in Ghana) that show that controlled subjects of non-finite predicates must be overt in this language. The presence of an overt pronominal subject in a non-finite embedded clause is surprising from the perspective of languages such as English and French, where such subjects must be covert (PRO). We provide evidence that the overt pronoun in Gã patterns with obligatorily controlled PRO (Hornstein 1999; Landau 2013) and argue for the minimal pronoun analysis of Kratzer (2009).
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- 2024
158. Some issues on the Morphology of Yoruba comparatives and superlatives
- Author
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Foluso Mary Okebiorun
- Subjects
construction morphology, word construction schema. ,Philology. Linguistics ,P1-1091 - Abstract
Abstract This paper provides a descriptive analysis of some issues concerning the morphology of Yorùbá comparatives and superlatives. Data were obtained from the researcher who is a native speaker of the language as well as from two adults (A man and a woman) in their fifties who are also native speakers of the language. I was able to describe and translate the data using my intuition as a native speaker of the language. The data were grouped into three categories, monosyllabic, disyllabic and trisyllabic adjectives. The implication of the analysis shows that in Yoruba, tone is a distinct marker of the comparative and the superlative. Also, the comparative and the superlative suffix reflects inflectional morphology, and can attach to any tone pattern of base adjectives that are monosyllabic, disyllabic, or trisyllabic. In addition, within the framework of construction morphology, the study provides a word construction schema to account for the comparative and the superlative forms.
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- 2024
159. Akan tone encoding across musical modalities
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Laura McPherson and Michael Obiri-Yeboah
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tone ,Akan ,intonation ,music ,downstep ,Philology. Linguistics ,P1-1091 - Abstract
Musical surrogate languages like talking drums remain understudied in the linguistics literature, despite their close connection with the phonetics and phonology of the spoken language. African surrogate languages tend to be based on tone, making them a unique angle for studying a language’s tonal system. This paper looks at the encoding of Akan tone in three instrumental surrogate languages: the atumpan drums, the seperewa harp, and the abɛntia horn trumpet. Each instrument presents different organological constraints that could shape how the tone system is transposed to musical form. Drawing on novel data elicited with musicians in Ghana, we show that all three systems are built on a two-tone foundation mirroring the Akan tone system, but with subtle differences in the treatment of downstep and intonational effects like phrase-final lowering and lax question intonation.
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- 2024
160. On Current Relevance in perfect and past constructions in Akan: The pragmatics
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Seth Antwi Ofori
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Simple Past ,Present Perfect ,Pragmatics ,Current relevance ,Context ,Philology. Linguistics ,P1-1091 - Abstract
Abstract This paper has the primary objective of establishing the pragmatic basis for concluding on a present perfect sentence as currently or continuously relevant and the simple past sentence as currently not relevant. This is an attempt to make the concept current relevance as used in relation to present perfect and simple past sentences in Akan determinate for Akan. Three to four formal tests were conducted to reach the following conclusions: The one primary focus or motivation for making a simple past or present perfect sentence in Akan is to indicate the validity/persistence or non-validity/non-persistence of a past event context as at the moment of speech; context is defined here as non-temporal in the form of some evidence of a past event in some space, and/or as temporal such as the period of time within which an event remains/is valid. In summary, in Akan a past event is currently relevant when context(s) of it in focus is/are current (i.e. persists or is valid as at the moment of speech) - present perfect; and currently not relevant when context(s) of it in focus is/are non-current (i.e. not persistent or valid as at the moment of speech) – simple past.
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- 2024
161. Enoch’s Vision of the Heavenly Temple (1 En. 14:8–25) Reconsidered
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Mirjam Judith Bokhorst
- Subjects
1 Enoch 14 ,Book of the Watchers ,Heavenly Sanctuary/Temple ,temple critique ,Philosophy. Psychology. Religion - Abstract
The paper focuses on a reexamination and reassessment of the textual evidence of Enoch’s Vision of the Heavenly Temple and of its classical interpretation as a heavenly temple complex. In line with the common scholarly opinion, 1 En. 14:8–25 has so far been interpreted in the sense of a bipartite or even tripartite temple which resembles the earthly temple in Jerusalem not only in structure but also in appearance. In contrast, this paper claims that this passage of the Book of the Watchers provides a twofold vision of two different temples, namely the inferior earthly temple and the ideal heavenly sanctuary. In this way, it articulates one of the most radical temple critiques of ancient Judaism. This interpretation is based on a careful textual analysis and a meticulous discussion of the individual elements of, in particular, the first house, taking into account other ancient Jewish sources such as Ezekiel, Haggai and the Animal Apocalypse which partially have been ignored so far but provide a helpful and illuminating background for the interpretation of Enoch’s Heavenly Vision.
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- 2024
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162. BOTTEGA VENETA
- Abstract
PAR NICOLE PHELPS. ADAPTATION JEAN-MARC MASALA Après nous avoir fait voyager autour du monde la saison dernière, Matthieu Blazy envisage aujourd’hui Bottega Veneta à travers le prisme du quotidien: “L’idée [...]
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- 2024
163. Consolidation and Reconsolidation of Auditory-Verbal Memory in Parkinson’s Disease
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Irina A. Izyumova
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memory ,auditory-verbal memory ,process of memory consolidation ,memory reconsolidation ,parkinson's disease ,History (General) ,D1-2009 ,Language and Literature - Abstract
The paper describes the processes of consolidation and reconsolidation of auditory-verbal memory in patients diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease (G20, ICD-10) in comparison with cerebrovascular pathologies of a chronic and acute nature. The research objective was to identify the specifics of consolidation and reconsolidation of auditory-verbal memory in patients of this nosological group. The methods involved an experiment in F. Bartlett’s schema reconstruction, as well as methods of descriptive and comparative statistics. The experiment involved 104 people (67.5 ± 4.5, 21% male), including 30 patients with Parkinson’s disease (G20) (67.8 ± 4.8, 24% male), 34 patients diagnosed with sequelae of cerebral infarction (I69.3) (67.4 ± 4.4, 20% male), and 40 patients with other specified lesions of cerebral vessels on a model of chronic cerebral ischemia (CICI) (I67.8 67.6 ± 4.4, 24% male). All codes were indicated in accordance with ICD-10. The research revealed reliably significant features of consolidation and reconsolidation of auditoryverbal memory in Parkinson’s disease. The greatest number of differences belonged to the comparative analysis with the patients with chronic cerebral ischemia. This nosology was characterized by a greater number of distortion errors but few additions and sequence violations. In Parkinson’s disease, information underwent transformations already at the storing stage, which led to impairment of short-term and long-term memory. Distortion errors were more numerous than consistency errors, which casts doubt on the kinetic factor as the key one.
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- 2024
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164. Emotional Intelligence of Russia’s Potential Scientific and Technical Elite
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Natalia B. Karabushchenko, Igor A. Parshutin, and Alexande N. Bobkov
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emotional intelligence ,scientific and technological elite ,elite ,emotions ,psychological research ,History (General) ,D1-2009 ,Language and Literature - Abstract
A highly intellectual environment involves intense mental activity, rapid acquisition of new material, creativity, competition, and rivalry. All these aspects may cause a long-time neuropsychic stress. Students of leading technical universities need to be able to overcome such difficult situations. The authors reviewed theoretical approaches to emotional intelligence. They designed a psychological model of scientific and technical elite of modern Russia. The model included emotional-volitional, demand-motivational, value-meaning, socio-psychological, and cognitive-activity components. This paper focuses on the empirical study and confirmation of the emotionalvolitional component in potential engineering, scientific, and technical elite, i.e., junior students of Russia’s leading technical universities. The research revealed some psycho-logical peculiarities in their emotional intelligence and coping-strategies. The sample consisted of first-year engineering and technical students of the National Research Nuclear University MEPHI (n = 111). The psychodiagnostic tools included the coping test developed by R. Lazarus and S. Folkman and adapted by T. L. Kryukova, E. V. Kuftyak, and M. S. Zamyshlyaeva; D. V. Lyusin’s test of emotional intelligence. The data analysis relied on IBM SPSS Statistics V.22.0 and the Kruskal-Wallis H-test method of mathematical statistics. The students proved able to consciously analyze difficult situations, work out solutions, plan and predict the outcomes of their behavior, as well as to resort to past experience and available resources. In general, these overcoming models had a constructive effect on the development of an engineer’s personality. However, the underdevelopment of the emotional sphere and poor expression of feelings affected interpersonal and intragroup relationships. Students of nuclear engineering should develop their emotional sphere and expand the range of coping strategies in stressful situations.
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- 2024
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165. Age-Related Features of Perceptions about Personal Security in Adolescents with Intellectual Disabilities
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Galina A. Sidorova and Mikhail S. Ivanov
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perceptions of personal security ,security psychology ,correctional psychology ,age psychology ,intellectual disabilities ,mental retardation ,History (General) ,D1-2009 ,Language and Literature - Abstract
The paper studies the way younger and older adolescents with intellectual disabilities perceive their personal security. The research data were collected by formalized interview, subjective scaling techniques, analysis of personal files, observation diaries, etc. The obtained information was processed using the methods of content and frequency analyses, the Mann-Whitney U test, the Spearman’s rank correlation, and the chi-square distribution. The perception of personal security included such concepts as threat, defense, security, and subjective personal security. The study revealed significant differences between younger and older adolescents in their perception of danger, threat, defense, security, and responsibility for personal security. Children with intellectual disabilities developed ideas about personal security in adolescence, their perception of threat and defense depended on life experience and socialization. Their categorical structure corresponded to the norm but was inferior in terms of generalization and cognitive complexity. They separated threat and defense from security, which they associated with safety rules. The results could be included in programs of corrective psychological and pedagogical support.
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- 2024
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166. Un dècor: POUR AVOIR LA PÊCHE!
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VIOLA, MARIE-CLAUDE
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- 2024
167. Un décor POUR AVOIR LA PÊCHE!
- Abstract
PAR MARIE-CLAUDE VIOLA ADAPTÉ PAR NAOMIE GELPER 1 UNE AFFICHE Les couleurs vives et éclatantes de ces pêches de la Californie donneront de l’éclat à votre logis. Conçue par l’artiste [...]
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- 2024
168. Pousse Papier, du digital au végétal.
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Daniel, Clémence and Faisca, Rémy
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PRINTING ,BUSINESS enterprises ,SUSTAINABILITY ,TECHNOLOGICAL innovations ,WORKSHOPS (Facilities) - Abstract
The article discusses the journey of a printing workshop towards becoming a robust and innovative enterprise specializing in seeded paper. It reflects on the challenges faced in the digital age and emphasizes the unique value of printed communication in a noisy digital landscape. It is reported that the company's commitment to values such as sustainability, innovation, and emotion is highlighted, showcasing its transformation and dedication to meaningful products.
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- 2024
169. S{\'e}curit{\'e} alimentaire de l'agriculture indig{\`e}ne guat{\'e}malt{\`e}que face {\`a} l'incertitude sociale et climatique
- Author
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Malard-Adam, Julien, Adamowski, Jan, Tuy, Héctor, and Melgar-Quiñonez, Hugo
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Physics - Physics and Society - Abstract
Given the increasing pressures exerted by climate change on small-scale agriculture, the importance of participatory modelling methodologies that can consider both the human and environmental components of these systems has become more and more evident. The current study presents a socioeconomic system dynamics model of the food and environmental systems of the predominantly Indigenous region of Tz'ol{\"o}j Ya', Guatemala. The model was built in a participatory manner with stakeholders from the region and was then coupled to an external crop growth model before being applied to the analysis of the impact of future climate change and its potential interactions with various stakeholder-proposed policies. The analysis identified several feedback loops between environmental and human components of the system that can lead to counterintuitive responses to the proposed policies. At the same time, the use of an external crop growth model allowed for a more realistic, yet still easily implementable, representation of the impacts of climate change on crop production. This analysis is the first to use a socioeconomic system dynamics model coupled with an external crop growth model to analyse food security in the context of a local socio-environmental food system., Comment: in French language
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- 2024
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170. Understanding Archives: Towards New Research Interfaces Relying on the Semantic Annotation of Documents
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Gutehrlé, Nicolas and Atanassova, Iana
- Subjects
Computer Science - Digital Libraries ,Computer Science - Computation and Language - Abstract
The digitisation campaigns carried out by libraries and archives in recent years have facilitated access to documents in their collections. However, exploring and exploiting these documents remain difficult tasks due to the sheer quantity of documents available for consultation. In this article, we show how the semantic annotation of the textual content of study corpora of archival documents allow to facilitate their exploitation and valorisation. First, we present a methodological framework for the construction of new interfaces based on textual semantics, then address the current technological obstacles and their potential solutions. We conclude by presenting a practical case of the application of this framework., Comment: in French language. CiDE.23: Document et archivage: pratiques formelles et informelles, Oct 2023, Grenoble, France
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- 2024
171. La Bourse de Casablanca démarre en grise mine
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News, opinion and commentary - Abstract
Bourse (Casablanca) -- La Bourse de Casablanca a entamé ses échanges en grise mine, mercredi, le MASI abandonnant 0,08%, à 12.928,34 points (pts). Le MASI.20, indice regroupant les 20 valeurs [...]
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- 2024
172. ERIOS: Co-construction of a Dynamic Temporal Visualization Tool in the Electronic Health Record
- Author
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Robert, Louise, Luzurier, Quentin, Velcker, Anaïs, Mathieu, Emma, Fontaine, Loic, and Morquin, David
- Subjects
Computer Science - Human-Computer Interaction - Abstract
ERIOS, is a collaborative project between Dedalus, a health software company, Montpellier University Hospital Center (CHU), and the University of Montpellier. This initiative aims to incorporate research and development (R\&D) directly within the hospital, focusing on co-creating components of the Electronic Health Record (EHR) alongside end-users. The project was initiated with two initial use cases, which led to the development of components for dynamic temporal visualization, now integrated into specific dashboards. The application of academic recommendations regarding user engagement methodology and human-computer interactions significantly enhanced our ability to meet user needs., Comment: in French language. IHM 24, Association Francophone d'Interaction Humain-Machine (AFIHM), Mar 2024, Paris, France
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- 2024
173. Espoirs Déçus à Konna : Analyse de l’approche de stabilisation et de l’accès aux services sociaux de base à Konna, Niono et Ménaka
- Author
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Gauthier Campbell, Amélie
- Subjects
Travail humanitaire ,Conflits et catastrophes - Abstract
This resource is not available in English. The paper and full metadata are available in French., Ce document d’information analyse l’accès aux services sociaux de base dans trois localités, Konna, Niono et Ménaka, chacune présentant des caractéristiques différentes. Il vise à mettre en lumière l’impact de l’approche de stabilisation adoptée à Konna sur l’accès aux services sociaux de base (santé, éducation, eau, hygiène et assainissement) et aux moyens d’existence, tout en étudiant la situation à Niono et Ménaka, deux communes où il n’y a pas de PSDG en place. Cette étude propose des recommandations, des mesures et des alternatives concrètes aux approches en cours pour un retour effectif des services essentiels et un accès plus sûr et impartial à ces services pour les populations touchées par les conflits.
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- 2024
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174. Climate Plans for the People: Civil society and community participation in national action plans on climate change
- Author
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Pruett, Duncan and Hill, Christina
- Subjects
Climate change - Abstract
In 2024, all countries will be updating and submitting their Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs). These national climate plans outline commitments towards tackling climate change. These plans impact all walks of life and must therefore be inclusive of the whole of society. By examining recent practices across 11 countries, Oxfam found that NDCs were not sufficiently inclusive, often failing to involve civil society and communities who bear the burden of climate change and the impact of climate transition plans. This paper explores who the main actors are in NDCs, which stakeholders have not been included, and why. In order to foster a sustainable, equitable, and inclusive social, economic, and political environment for climate action, the paper makes recommendations for the UN, governments, donors, international agencies and civil society.
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- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
175. G\'en\'eralisation du Th\'eor\`eme de Zeckendorf
- Author
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Chergui, Rachid
- Subjects
Mathematics - Number Theory ,Mathematics - Combinatorics ,05A10, 05A17, 11B39, 11B50 - Abstract
We consist of first presenting Zeckendorf Theorem with these two versions Fibonacci and Luca. In this document we obtain results on the generalized of the Zeckendorf theorem for Fibonacci numbers (multibonacci). Such results find applications in coding theory., Comment: in French language
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- 2024
176. Invariants de Witt des involutions de bas degr\'e en caract\'eristique 2
- Author
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Tignol, Jean-Pierre
- Subjects
Mathematics - K-Theory and Homology ,16W10, 11E81 - Abstract
A $3$-fold and a $5$-fold quadratic Pfister forms are canonically associated to every symplectic involution on a central simple algebra of degree $8$ over a field of characteristic $2$. The same construction on central simple algebras of degree $4$ associates to every unitary involution a $2$-fold and a $4$-fold Pfister quadratic forms, and to every orthogonal involution a $1$-fold and a $3$-fold quasi-Pfister forms. These forms hold structural information on the algebra with involution., Comment: in French language
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- 2024
177. Test French-only report
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Climate change ,Changement climatique - Abstract
Please ignore: this resource is not available in English, C'est un test
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- 2024
178. [Foot and ankle pathologies during pregnancy].
- Author
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Naim Rodriguez N, Soares S, and Seidel A
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- Pregnancy, Humans, Female, Ankle Joint, Pain etiology, Pain Management, Edema complications, Ankle, Fasciitis, Plantar complications, Fasciitis, Plantar surgery
- Abstract
Foot and ankle pain and oedema are a common complaint among pregnant women. A range of hormonal and anatomical changes during pregnancy can cause modifications in foot and ankle's biomechanics and anatomy. The main foot and ankle pathologies encountered in pregnancy are progressive collapsing foot deformity, plantar fasciitis, heel pain, oedema, and fractures. Workup includes the use of radiological evaluation that could pose a risk to the fetus, depending on the gestational age. Treatment plans range from symptomatic conservative to surgical options and a multidisciplinary approach is often recommended and warranted. Our paper aims to present these different pathologies and propose a structured treatment plan to address them., Competing Interests: Les auteurs n’ont déclaré aucun conflit d’intérêts en relation avec cet article
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- 2024
- Full Text
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179. Charge de travail du personnel infirmier dans les h{\^o}pitaux -{\'e}tude bibliographique
- Author
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Mohamed, Gharbi, Di Mascolo, Maria, and Christine, Verdier
- Subjects
Physics - Physics and Society - Abstract
For decades, hospital services have been faced with the challenge of ensuring quality care for patients despite the pressures on staff due to workload overload. Nursing staff are particularly affected by this reality, with a patient/nursing staff ratio so imbalanced that it directly affects the quality of care and the well-being of nurses. This article examines in detail the workload of nursing staff, shedding light on the various factors influencing this workload, including the type of care provided, the characteristics of patients and nursing staff, as well as the organizational context. Furthermore, different methods of calculating and estimating workload are analyzed, ranging from workload calculation systems to advanced predictive models. Finally, reflection is made on future research avenues, particularly concerning the identification of factors influencing workload, data collection and processing, and model validation., Comment: in French language
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- 2024
180. Is open source software culture enough to make AI a common ?
- Author
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Quillivic, Robin and Mesmoudi, Salma
- Subjects
Computer Science - Computers and Society - Abstract
Language models (LM or LLM) are increasingly deployed in the field of artificial intelligence (AI) and its applications, but the question arises as to whether they can be a common resource managed and maintained by a community of users. Indeed, the dominance of private companies with exclusive access to massive data and language processing resources can create inequalities and biases in LM, as well as obstacles to innovation for those who do not have the same resources necessary for their implementation. In this contribution, we examine the concept of the commons and its relevance for thinking about LM. We highlight the potential benefits of treating the data and resources needed to create LMs as commons, including increased accessibility, equity, and transparency in the development and use of AI technologies. Finally, we present a case study centered on the Hugging Face platform, an open-source platform for deep learning designed to encourage collaboration and sharing among AI designers., Comment: in French language. JSR'23: Rochebrune Scientific Days 2023
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- 2024
181. Valeur des tests PACE et CTB_ELISA dans le diagnostic de la peste porcine classique (PPC) et le contr{\^o}le de qualit{\'e} du vaccin correspondant {\`a} Madagascar
- Author
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Maminiaina, Of, Koko, M., Rajaonarison, J. J., Razafindrakoto, R., Ravaomanana, J., and Shannon, A. D.
- Subjects
Quantitative Biology - Other Quantitative Biology - Abstract
From 1994, we began to use ELISA (Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay) in the diagnosis of PCP. This is aELISA for capturing antigens (PACE) possibly contained in the samples. The advantage of this test comes from the fact that it is completelyindependent of cell cultures. In addition, it is fast: the result can be obtained in less than 36 hours. A study of its standardizationcarried out in Australia gave a sensitivity (Se) of 99%, a specificity (Sp) close to 100% and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 99.7%. Due to its high specificity, the test gives a negative result to all true negatives, in other words, the negatives of the test correspond to thetrue negatives. A variant of the capture ELISA, the CTB-ELISA or complex trapping blocking ELISA allows the quantity of antibodies to be measureddirected against the non-structural protein, p80 (or NS3), contained in animal sera. Evaluation of the level of anti-NS3 antibodiesconstitutes an excellent assessment of the level of neutralizing antibodies because the correlation coefficient between these two types of antibodies, the firstobtained by CTB-ELISA, and the second by serum neutralization (VNT), is very high (r = 0.98).The two tests being capable, one of detecting pestiviral antigens and the other of measuring antibodies specific to each of thegroups, constitutes an excellent tool for the qualitative control of anti-CSF vaccine., Comment: in French language
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- 2024
182. Evaluation cartographique du niveau de potentialit{\'e}s {\'e}cologiques des sites des partenaires (CARPO). Cadre m{\'e}thodologique V0
- Author
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Forero, Santiago
- Subjects
Quantitative Biology - Populations and Evolution ,Physics - Geophysics - Abstract
The Cartographic Assessment of Ecological Potential (CARPO) allows users to characterize the ecological context of a group of sites at several scales (its perimeter and surrounding area) and on the basis of 4 themes: biodiversity zonings, land use (major types of environment, natural character and degree of permeability of territories), ecological connectivity (biodiversity reservoirs and corridors, non-fragmentation of the sector studied), as well as the richness of the territory in terms of heritage species. It is based on a battery of 8 indicators linked to these themes and a system of evaluation thresholds, used to define 3 levels of ecological potential (average, strong and very strong) for each indicator and at each scale of study. The level of potentiality reflects the importance that an ecological element takes on in a study area, and therefore the degree of contribution and responsibility of a site in maintaining this element favorable to biodiversity. It also translates into an alert level for biodiversity that needs to be taken into account at a site.The ecological diagnosis is materialized by means of a cartographic atlas containing a set of commented maps and figures, as well as evaluation grids and radars for the various indicators.CARPO is a decision-making tool, as it enables users to compare the ecological potential within a site with that of its surroundings, in order to define preservation, management or restoration actions; and to compare the extent of potential between the different sites in the group, with a goal of prioritizing action.This guide presents the methodological framework for applying CARPO to a group of sites., Comment: in French language
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- 2024
183. Annotation de la cohérence dans un corpus de textes d'élèves d'école et collège.
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Bras, Myriam and Vieu, Laure
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- 2024
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184. Traces du discours évaluatif : analyse linguistique d'annotations de copies d'étudiants de master MEEF.
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Dal Bo, Beatrice and Gomila, Corinne
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- 2024
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185. Les interventions des enseignants débutants dans les copies des étudiants en droit.
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Scheepers, Caroline
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- 2024
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186. Analyse - Les flux financiers illicites, une menace pour la souveraineté
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News, opinion and commentary - Abstract
Byline: Mohsen Zribi Les Panama Papers désignent la fuite de plus de 11,5 millions de documents confidentiels issus du cabinet d'avocats panaméen Mossack Fonseca. Les informations livrées concernent plus de [...]
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- 2024
187. PTSD-MDNN : Fusion tardive de r\'eseaux de neurones profonds multimodaux pour la d\'etection du trouble de stress post-traumatique
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Nguyen-Phuoc, Long, Gaboriau, Renald, Delacroix, Dimitri, and Navarro, Laurent
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Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Audio and Speech Processing ,Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence ,Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition ,Computer Science - Sound ,Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Image and Video Processing ,Quantitative Biology - Neurons and Cognition - Abstract
In order to provide a more objective and quicker way to diagnose post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), we present PTSD-MDNN which merges two unimodal convolutional neural networks and which gives low detection error rate. By taking only videos and audios as inputs, the model could be used in the configuration of teleconsultation sessions, in the optimization of patient journeys or for human-robot interaction., Comment: in French language. GRETSI 2023
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- 2024
188. [Update for cord blood unit selection in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (workshop SFGM-TC)].
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Dubois V, Blandin L, Duclaut M, Duquesne A, Faivre L, Ferru-Clement R, Roy J, Walencik A, Magro L, and Garnier F
- Abstract
Changing practices and the limited use of cord blood units as a source of cells for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplants (HSC) led us to reconsider the recommendations established in 2011 and 2012, and to propose an update incorporating recent bibliographic data. If HLA compatibility was until now established at low resolution for HLA-A and B loci, and at high resolution for HLA-DRB1, the recent papers are converging towards an increase in the level of resolution, making way for a compatibility now defined in high resolution for all the considered loci, and the inclusion of the HLA-C locus, in order to establish a level of HLA compatibility on 8 alleles (HLA-A, B, C and DRB1). The CD34+ dose is a determining factor in hematopoietic reconstitution but it is not correlated with the total nucleated cells content. This is why we recommend taking these two data into account when choosing a cord blood unit. The recommendations established by our group are presented as a flow chart taking into account the characteristics of the underlying pathology (malignant or non-malignant), the cell dose and the HLA compatibility criteria, as well as criteria linked to the banks in which units are stored., (Copyright © 2024 Société Française du Cancer. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)
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- 2024
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189. Approximation de sous-espaces vectoriels de $\mathbb{R}^n$ par des sous-espaces rationnels
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Guillot, Gaétan
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Mathematics - Number Theory - Abstract
This PhD thesis elaborates on a problem raised by Schmidt in 1967. We study Diophantine exponents for subspaces, which generalize the irrationality measure for real numbers. We construct subspaces with prescribed exponents and demonstrate properties of algebraic independence among certain exponents., Comment: PhD thesis, in French
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- 2024
190. Sur l'asymptotique des sommes de Kempner pour de grandes bases
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Burnol, Jean-François
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Mathematics - Number Theory ,Mathematics - Classical Analysis and ODEs ,11Y60, 11M06 (Primary) 11A63, 11B37, 30C10, 41A60, 44A60 (Secondary) - Abstract
Let $K$ be the sum of the reciprocals of the integers with no occurrence of the digit $b-1$ in base $b$. We show $K = b\log(b) - A/b - B/b^2-C/b^3+O(1/b^4)$ with $A=\zeta(2)/2$, $B = (3\zeta(2)+\zeta(3))/3$ and $C = (2\zeta(2)+4\zeta(3)+\zeta(4))/4$., Comment: 9 pages, in French. v2 corrects a typo in the abstract (sigh...), modifies parts of the introduction and adds references
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- 2024
191. Posters 01. Globules rouges et fer.
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- 2024
192. Temps forts du GTE 2023 sur les néoplasies neuro-endocrines digestives.
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Pellat, Anna, Brezault, Catherine, and Coriat, Romain
- Abstract
Copyright of Hépato-Gastro & Oncologie Digestive is the property of John Libbey Eurotext Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2024
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193. [A temporal mechanism for the generation of neuronal diversity].
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Ricquebourg R and Konstantinides N
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- Animals, Neurons physiology, Drosophila, Transcription Factors metabolism, Brain metabolism, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, Drosophila melanogaster metabolism, Neural Stem Cells physiology, Drosophila Proteins genetics
- Abstract
One of the greatest challenges in neuroscience is to understand how a complex structure, such as the brain, is built. Spatial and temporal patternings of neuronal progenitors are responsible for the generation of most of the neuronal diversity observed in the brain. This review focuses on the temporal patterning of neuronal progenitors, i.e. the sequential expression of transcription factors that changes the capacity of stem cells to generate different neuronal types, and which is conserved in animals. Recent papers have offered a near complete understanding of the mechanism of temporal patterning in the developing visual system of Drosophila, and of how this contributes to the specification of diverse neuronal identities, which are then maintained by the sustained expression of downstream transcription factors. The insect visual system provides a unique model to study the evolution of neuronal cell types, as well as the evolution of neurodevelopmental mechanisms that generate them., (© 2024 médecine/sciences – Inserm.)
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- 2024
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194. [History and vision of artificial intelligence].
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Benani A
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- 2024
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195. Collective Influence of Financial Sector Development and Economic Growth on International Trade
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Kitera Mlaudzi
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Business ,HF5001-6182 - Abstract
Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of financial development on international trade in Upper-middle-income countries. The paper focuses on financial stability as a key element of the financial system and investigates whether economic growth is a conduit through which banking sector development and stock market development influence international trade. Thus far, the impact of financial development on international trade has received limited attention. The study adopts the generalized methods of moments (GMM) approach, employing balanced panel data from 13 upper-middle-income countries for a period ranging from 2006–2017. Using the z-score as a proxy for financial stability, evidence suggests that banking sector development has a positive and significant influence on international trade, while stock price volatility as a proxy for financial market stability, was found to have had an insignificant influence on foreign trade. The study recommends that upper-middle-income countries implement policies or adopt monetary policy approaches that enhance financial stability. Further research should be conducted to investigate other channels as possible transmission mechanisms. This paper contributes to the global discourse of whether economic growth is a conduit through which financial development can influence international trade. Overall, the paper suggests that financial development plays a role in stimulating economic activities, but its impact or effect is subject to the choice of financial proxies use which may be unique based on economic circumstances of a given country.
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- 2024
196. Apprentissage motivé.
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Kadhum, Asmaa Hussein
- Abstract
Copyright of Adab Al-Kufa is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2024
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197. Medium-scale commercial agriculture and its role in structural transformation, wealth creation and enhanced livelihoods in an African context: Evidence from contemporary Zimbabwe
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Clement Chipenda
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Livelihoods ,medium-scale farms ,production ,social reproduction ,structural transformation ,wealth creation ,Mathematical geography. Cartography ,GA1-1776 ,Land use ,HD101-1395.5 - Abstract
This paper investigates the extent to which Zimbabwe’s emergent medium-scale commercial farms have the potential to contribute to structural transformation, wealth creation and enhanced livelihoods. It presents field based empirical evidence drawn from two rural districts and it utilises the interpretive research paradigm, a mixed methods research approach and the political economy approach as its conceptual and evaluative tool. It shows that in recent years in the Zimbabwean and wider African context, there has been witnessed the re-emergence of medium-scale farms in response to agricultural policy reforms. In contemporary Zimbabwe, neo-liberal orthodoxy in policy making, the emergence of a reconfigured agrarian structure; State emphasis on agricultural commercialisation, profit maximisation, accumulation, and the view that the agrarian sector is catalytic for socio-economic transformation have added impetus and shaped the character of medium-scale farms. The paper shows that the farms are playing important roles in production and social reproduction, and this is implicating in different ways on income generation, commercialisation trajectories, investment and capital accumulation in the countryside. Cumulatively, the evidence suggests that medium-scale farms are contributing to agricultural value chains, industrialisation, employment creation, wealth creation and enhanced rural livelihoods. These are integral in shaping the country’s agrarian vision and futures. Important lessons are that when compared with small-holder farms, medium-scale farms have greater potential to create a land-based context which is transformative, inclusive, egalitarian and empowers citizens. For the wider African context, the paper posits that medium-scale farms are increasingly becoming critical and can potentially contribute to resolving the persistent challenges of poverty, disenfranchisement, marginalisation and inequality.
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- 2024
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198. Effects of changes in traditional land tenure administration on land use/cover dynamics in rural Zambia.
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Dinah Mwanza
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Informal certification ,Mapping ,opportunities ,Village Land Advisory Boards ,Mathematical geography. Cartography ,GA1-1776 ,Land use ,HD101-1395.5 - Abstract
This paper examined the relations between informal documentations and land tenure security on change in land use/cover. Using Chamuka land registration, the paper focuses on caused of land use /cover change and how informal documents-based land dealings leads to tenure security and a more productive land use. The study used various methods, including 345 households interviews, group discussions and satellite images of 2010, 2015 and 2020, to understand how land ownership in Chamuka chiefdom effect on land use. The study results shows that the introduction of Land Advisory Boards (LABs), Customary Certificate of Land Occupancy (CCLO) and the land register has scored several successes (i.e., increase in land rights, ownership, low cost of land registration ,tenure security and reduction in land-related conflicts. Other improvements include the practice of conservation farming, i.e. agroforestry, fire management resulting to improved crop and livestock farming. Despite these positive results, the satellite images showed decline in vegetation and forest cover due to expansion of agricultural area, buildup and decrease in water bodies. This study provides new insights into how the evolution of the traditional land tenure system, as an integral part of resource governance, its effect on land use/cover. Next to suggesting is how to strengthen informal documents, and efficiency of local land management institutions in order to reduce loss of vegetation and deforestation.
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- 2024
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199. POSSIBILITY OF LAND OWNERSHIP TRANSACTION WITH NON-FUNGIBLE TOKEN TECHNOLOGY: MINTING SURVEY PLAN
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Kolawole Samuel Ilesanmi and Timothy Oluwadare Idowu
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Survey Plan ,Art Non-Fungible Token ,Land Ownership Transaction ,CORE Blockchain ,YoungParrot. ,Mathematical geography. Cartography ,GA1-1776 ,Land use ,HD101-1395.5 - Abstract
The blockchain technology is as a new technology in vogue that is virtually getting a swift application in most important art world transactions. This is due to its public distributed, transparent, accountable, traceable and safe, ledger database, also is the advantage to secure a successful transaction without a third party. As the world keeps growing in the knowledge and the adoption of the technology, it is very important to practically explore the opportunities in this technology to combat the security and copyright problems facing land ownership transactions in the Cadastre system. The assumption to be verified is the possibility of practically minting Registrable instrument (like survey plan) for transaction on blockchain networks for a safe, secured, and publicly transparent land ownership transaction. The aim and objective of this paper is to attempt land ownership transaction with non-fungible token blockchain technology. This was performed by minting survey plans template into Non-Fungible Token. Two blockchains (Solana and CORE blockchains) were considered to show the possibility of adopting the technology in land administration and ownership systems. The selection was based on their flexibility, Scalability and the potentials to solve the trilemma blockchain problems. A survey plan template called DEMO (no real) was created for this purpose. Transactions on the FONE network Art NFT marketplace built on Solana blockchain was examined while an art NFT of survey plan template was minted on the Youngparrot NFT marketplace built on CORE blockchain. The transactions were completed and available on the public blockchain ledger. Due to the advantages of the blockchain technology in solving the long time problem of land transaction security in Land Administration system, this paper urges the consideration to take advantage of the possibilities and positivity of the technology in Land Administration sector and land ownership system and also provides steps to achieving its successful adoption. In addition, this is not a financial advice but a research work.
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- 2024
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200. THE NATURE OF LAND CONFLICTS IN INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS: EXPERIENCE FROM REGUARIZATION PROJECTS, THE CASE OF DAR ES SALAM, TANZANIA.
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PAULO KITOSI
- Subjects
Informal Settlement ,Nature of land conflicts ,Regularisation projects. ,Mathematical geography. Cartography ,GA1-1776 ,Land use ,HD101-1395.5 - Abstract
Land conflicts remain the major character of informal settlements in urban areas. This paper explores the nature and characteristics of land conflicts in areas with informal settlements as experienced from regularization projects in Tanzania. The study used field observations to collect data on boundary conflicts and household interviews to collect data on border conflicts, land use conflicts, and ownership conflicts. The data was collected through a combination of primary and secondary methods. The focus discussion was conducted with members of the Mtaa Regularisation Committee for different sub-wards. The study discovered that the major types of land conflicts in informal settlements include boundary conflicts, land use conflicts, inheritance conflicts, accessibility conflicts, sales, and transfer of ownership. Boundary conflicts remain the main form of conflict appearing in informal settlements. Regularization of informal settlements is now seen as a tool to address the problem of informal settlement conflicts in urban areas.
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- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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