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Drawing on the records of an “alcoholism counselling service” launched in the 13th arrondissement of Paris in 1954, this article studies how social work became part of the new scope of psychiatric care for alcohol addiction, at a time when new medical cures were becoming available. The content and structure of patient records, which we analyse in comparison with papers from medical and social work journals, provide an insight into the day-to-day tasks of the social workers, who worked as closely as possible with alcoholic patients and their families. The article shows that the action of the social worker, which became central, although subordinated to that of psychiatric medicine, took on a psychotherapeutic dimension and was characterised by the need to gain the patient’s trust and ensure their adherence to treatment, thus marking a clear inflection in the relationship with beneficiaries. However, social work was still characterised by its constitutive ambiguity; its control and surveillance functions created difficulties, misunderstandings and disputes with the patients and their relatives.

The paper will highlight affinities and differences in the way Norman Manea and Matei Vișniec, two prominent writers of the Romanian exile from the 80s, narrate the existential failure in the novel The Black Envelope and respectively in the play Old clown wanted, making extensive use of the modalities provided by an intensely poetic imaginary. The dreamlike representations, which acquire opposite connotations in the plots of the two authors, as well as certain image-metaphors, elaborated according to the models inspired by Federico Fellini, highlight some aspects that distinguish the perspective expressed by each writer regarding the dense and broad semantics of the circus. In Matei Vișniec’s play, the circus topos declines in the forms of precariousness, which defines the artist’s condition as well as the general human condition - perpetually threatened by the inexorable passage of Time. As for Norman Manea’s novel, the writer concentrates in this plot the perception of History as a buffoonish and vulgar manifestation, which condemns the individual, the artist in the first instance, to the status of victim. In this way Manea and Vișniec actually explore the forms of manifestation peculiar to a cultural and linguistic imaginary related to the representation of individual and collective identity.

Baru’s work puts the focus on the working class, especially the steel workers, a world to which he belonged to during his youth and teenage years. Sport isn’t his main topic, but he often refers to it to illustrate some manifestations of social violence. Some of his comics, that he both writes and draws, are autobiographical. Baru wants to support the poor, the oppressed, to whom sport is sometimes a way to escape social reality or even to reverse social determinism. The first aim of this paper is to show how Baru links social violence and sports violence, in both historical and geographical specific environments. He lets the reader see three ages of human life : youth, during which violence doesn’t find place in sports, unless incidentally; teenage years, where sports competition causes damages that can predict what can be expectated at much higher level; young adulthood, where different uses of violence are common. By the way, Baru condemns different kinds of social violence during the “Trente Glorieuses”, the Algerian war or because of the globalization. The second aim of this paper is to consider the stories drawn by Baru as historical testimonies, as well as sources which build visual and cultural writings of representations contemporary history.

This paper offers a look back over the rise of the visibility, and the rise as a category, of Asian Australian fiction from the beginning of the 1990s, and especially in the twenty-first century, and some of the main questions that have been asked of it by its producers, and its readers, critics, commentators and the awarders of prizes. It focuses upon women writers. The trope of “border crossings”—both actual and in the mind, was central in the late-twentieth century to much feminist, Marxist, postcolonial and race-cognisant cultural commentary and critique, and the concepts of hybridity, diaspora, whiteness, the exotic, postcolonising and (gendered) cultural identities were examined and deployed. In the “paranoid nation” of the twenty-first century, there is a new orientation on the part of governments towards ideas of—if not quite an imminent Yellow Peril—a “fortress Australia,” that turns back to where they came from all boats that are not cruise liners, containerships or warships (of allies). In the sphere of cultural critique, notions of a post-multiculturality that smugly declares that anything resembling identity politics is “so twentieth-century,” are challenged by a rising creative output in Australia of diverse literary representations of and by people with Asian connections and backgrounds. The paper discusses aspects of some works by many of the most prominent of these writers. In its mediation, through similar-but-different travelling women’s eyes, of the past and present histories of different national contexts, Asian Australian fictional writing is a significant and challenging component of the “national” culture, and is continuing to extend its audiences within, and beyond Australia.

The paper attempts to analyse Szkarłatny kwiat kamelii, a collection of short stories written by Antoni Ferdynand Ossendowski. The paper focuses on the clearly dominant cognitive function of the stories, as well as the author’s fascination with the Land of the Rising Sun. The text concentrates on the short stories’ protagonists, whose perspective the author used to demonstrate the customs, history, religion and, philosophy of the people of an exotic country to the European reader. Next to the glorification of the presented phenomena, the dominating element of all the stories is the depiction of nature as a force influencing and shaping human destiny.

This paper starts with a brief description of the introduction of the likelihood approach in econometrics as presented in Cowles Foundation Monographs 10 and 14. A sketch is given of the criticisms on this approach mainly from the first group of Bayesian econometricians. Publication and citation patterns of Bayesian econometric papers are analyzed in ten major econometric journals from the late 1970s until the first few months of 2014. Results indicate a cluster of journals with theoretical and applied papers, mainly consisting of Journal of Econometrics, Journal of Business and Economic Statistics and Journal of Applied Econometrics which contains the large majority of high quality Bayesian econometric papers. A second cluster of theoretical journals, mainly consisting of Econometrica and Review of Economic Studies contains few Bayesian econometric papers. The scientific impact, however, of these few papers on Bayesian econometric research is substantial. Special issues from the journals Econometric Reviews, Journal of Econometrics and Econometric Theory received wide attention. Marketing Science shows an ever increasing number of Bayesian papers since the middle nineties. The International Economic Review and the Review of Economics and Statistics show a moderate time varying increase. An upward movement in publication patterns in most journals occurs in the early 1990s due to the effect of the ‘Computational Revolution’. The paper continues using a visualization technique to connect papers and authors around important empirical subjects such as forecasting in macro models and finance, choice and equilibrium in micro models and marketing, and around more methodological subjects as model uncertainty and sampling algorithms. The information distilled from this analysis shows names of authors who contribute substantially to particular subjects. Next, subjects are discussed where Bayesian econometrics has shown substantial advances, namely, implementing stochastic simulation methods due to the computational revolution; flexible and unobserved component model structures in macroeconomics and finance; hierarchical structures and choice models in microeconomics and marketing. Three issues are summarized where Bayesian and frequentist econometricians differ: Identification, the value of prior information and model evaluation; dynamic inference and nonstationarity; vector autoregressive versus structural modeling. A topic of debate amongst Bayesian econometricians is listed as objective versus subjective econometrics. Communication problems and bridges between statistics and econometrics are summarized. A few non-Bayesian econometric papers are listed that have had substantial influence on Bayesian econometrics. Recent advances in applying simulation based Bayesian econometric methods to policy issues using models from macro- and microeconomics, finance and marketing are sketched. The paper ends with a list of subjects that are important challenges for twenty-first century Bayesian econometrics: Sampling methods suitable for use with big data and fast, parallelized and GPU calculations, complex economic models which account for nonlinearities, analysis of implied model features such as risk and instability, incorporating model incompleteness, and a natural combination of economic modeling, forecasting and policy interventions.

This paper analyses one of the most successful historical shows broadcasted on the Italian networks, Passato e presente. The essay focuses on how this broadcast declines historical narration and how it constructs, through the language of television, its dimension as an enunciative vector. By outlining the characteristics of its mise-en-scene and narrative, the essay demonstrates the degree of sophistication and innovation of Passato e presente in the Italian panorama, but also the persisting limitations in understanding the specificities of the audiovisual medium for the dissemination of history.

In this paper I explore Badiou’s construction of dialectics during the "red years" (1966-1976). I intend to highlight the political character of dialectics on the basis of a double hypothesis. First, that the Badiouan construction of dialectics provides an immanent and localist answer to the problem of the relation between structure and history. In this sense, I will organize Badiou's response to this problematic on the basis of his adoption of the principle of scission in Theory of the Subject [1982], in order to show the extent to which this specific construction comprises of a series of shifts in the relationship between structural and historical dialectics. The second hypothesis regarding Badiou’s approach is that such a dialectical construction remains on a political plane while at the same time restricting strategic questions to a speculative register. I will argue that the Badiouan dialectic elaborates the relation between structure and history via an affirmation of militant subjectivity, which might also be complemented with an engagement with effective history and a study of emancipatory struggles.

This article tackles a thorny issue within the reception of Badiou’s philosophy, i.e., the question of the role of the “social” within the ontological framework it outlines. Acknowledging that the question of the social is underdeveloped in Badiou’s system, the paper argues that there are resources in it to develop a social ontology, and attempos to flesh it out through an original and sustained reading of Badiou’s key formula on the distinction between democratic materialism and materialist dialectic: “there are only bodies and languages, except that there are truths”.

This paper addresses the way Hegel determines the difference between poetry (i.e., literature) and history. Hegel’s position is particularly significant for understanding both the basic features of the two fields and the implications that their relationship generates, even in contemporary debates. Starting from a comparison with Aristotle’s fundamental position, I will show how the Hegelian proposal, while initially appearing akin to that of the Greek philosopher, actually differs profoundly from it. This divergence has to do with their different conceptions of the relationship between the two disciplines and philosophy. Unlike Aristotle, for Hegel history is more philosophical than poetry, because, to be genuinely history, it must itself become philosophy. At the same time, if poetry becomes philosophy, it loses its specificity and ceases to be art. To reach this determination, I will show that the key factors concern how the individual practice of the two disciplines is conceived and, more importantly, the different ways they relate to universality.

Eliot’s deep interest in ideas about history began early and continued throughout his life. In his student days, he encountered the concepts of human pre-history put forward by early anthropologists such as Emile Durkheim and Lucien Lévy-Bruhl. He studied under Josiah Royce and George Santayana, was aware of the historical writing of his distant relative Henry Adams. The paper also dwells at some length on Eliot’s attitude to the “Whig historians” and the Criterion-group historians. As Eliot entered the Christian fold, his idea of history became that of the Bible and the Church. He followed St. Augustine, was deeply influenced by the British Catholic historian Christopher Dawson. As a Christian, Eliot rejected both progressive and regressive views of history as well as determinism in favor of a belief in free will, the doctrine of Original Sin and faith in Providence. Eliot’s views involve a challenge to the secular view of history, and his key terms are based on his Christian vision: the “historical sense”, in the meaning of awareness of “tradition”, which carries the truths of Revelation and the wisdom of the ages forward in time, adapting them somewhat to various times and cultures but remaining faithful to the essential truths, the “permanent things.”

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Résumé Objectifs Cet article présente mes travaux de recherche qui se consacrent depuis une vingtaine d’années aux rapports qu’entretiennent la psychiatrie et la justice au XIX e siècle, ainsi que leur dernier avatar : le cas Antoine Léger, assassin, violeur et anthropophage, jugé en 1824. L’analyse de ce crime, exceptionnel par sa monstruosité mais aussi par la pérennité du cas dont les échos se prolongent jusqu’au début du XX e siècle, permet de tracer le cheminement de l’affaire puis du cas médical, alors qu’on scrute avec une acuité croissante les ressorts intérieurs des actions humaines. Méthode Cette étude de cas est menée dans l’esprit de la démarche micro-historique, à partir d’un large corpus de sources : le dossier judiciaire, l’ensemble des ouvrages médicaux qui ont utilisé ce cas clinique ainsi que des sources de presse générale. Résultats La série des textes qui ont mobilisé le cas Léger montrent combien l’étiologie de la perversité puis des perversions a constitué un axe fécond dans l’histoire de la psychiatrie. Le cas Léger y fait l’objet d’une série de diagnostics, dans un premier temps autour de la question de la responsabilité pénale — Étienne Georget et Étienne Esquirol, contemporains de l’affaire, défendent ainsi l’idée d’un acte fou (monomanie) en dépit de la condamnation de Léger. À partir du milieu du siècle, la question s’infléchit et c’est davantage la nature de l’acte qui retient l’attention des médecins, en une psychopathologie de la cruauté qui mène à l’hypothèse des perversions sexuelles de Krafft-Ebing. Au cours de cette élaboration, la figure du loup-garou, sous-jacente en 1824 et formalisée dans la seconde moitié du siècle, ainsi que sa forme savante, la lycanthropie, paraissent jouer le rôle d’intermédiaires conceptuels capables de fournir la piste d’une interprétation globale du crime. Discussion Cette étude a permis de reconsidérer une affaire déjà travaillée par l’équipe qui travaillait aux côtés de Michel Foucault dans les années 1970 sur un vaste chantier d’histoire de la justice et de la psychiatrie, et de la soumettre à des méthodes neuves du travail par cas tel que Jacques Revel et Jean-Claude Passeron l’ont définie dans le collectif Penser par cas (Paris 2005) : cas porteur de questionnements « susceptibles de redéfinir avec lui une autre formulation de la normalité et de ses exceptions ». Elle a également tiré profit de l’apport fondamental de l’anthropologie, notamment du travail de Daniel Fabre, pour tenter de mettre à distance les discours dominants et d’appréhender, suivant leurs propres sens, les gestes accomplis. Conclusion Antoine Léger, le loup-garou, apporte ainsi sa contribution silencieuse à la réflexion sur les actes pervers et permet de relier deux étapes dans les lectures des gestes cruels : la cruauté/immoralité et la cruauté/perversion sexuelle. Objective This article is the result of twenty years of research on the relationships between psychiatry, crime and justice in the 19th century. This paper focuses in particular on the case of Antoine Léger, found guilty of murder, rape and cannibalism in 1824. The analysis of this particularly horrific case, also characterised by its many repercussions extending into the 20th century, enables the elaboration of the crime and subsequently of the medical case to be followed, as well as the increasing scrutiny of the triggers underpinning human actions. Method The analysis of this case via a micro-historic approach is based on a large corpus of judicial archives, medical writings that made use of the case, and press coverage. Results The series of writings that made use of the Léger case show the extent to which the aetiology of perversity and perversion fuelled reflexion through the history of psychiatry. The Léger affair was the subject of numerous diagnoses, initially focusing on Léger's penal responsibility. Etienne Georget and Etienne Esquirol, contemporaries of the affair, thus supported the idea of an act of madness (monomania) despite the fact that Léger was convicted. From the mid-19th century the questioning changed, and it was the nature of the act that focused the attention of physicians, seen as demonstrating a psychopathology of cruelty, and leading on to the hypothesis of sexual perversion proposed by Krafft-Ebing. According to this elaboration, the figure of the werewolf, latent in 1824 and formalised in the second half of the 19th century, and its scholarly form of lycanthropy, appear to serve as conceptual intermediaries able to provide lines of approach to interpret the crime. Discussion This exploration has enabled a reappraisal of this case, already examined earlier by the team working with Michel Foucault in the 1970s on a wide-reaching history of the judicial system and psychiatry. It also enables consideration of new research methods for case studies as defined by Jacques Revel and Jean-Claude Passeron in their Penser par cas (Paris, 2005), where cases are seen as liable to redefine normality and its exceptions. The study also brought to light the contributions of anthropology, and in particular the work by Daniel Fabre, with an attempt to distance dominant discourse and apprehend acts and gestures in their own meaning. Conclusion Léger the werewolf has thus made a silent contribution to reflection on perverse acts, and this links two stages in the interpretation of cruel acts: cruelty as a form of immorality, and cruelty as sexual perversion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Canadian Bulletin of Medical History is the property of University of Toronto Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Recherches Amérindiennes au Québec is the property of Societe Recherches Autochtones au Quebec and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the context of the digital transition, the semantic Web and linked open data (LOD) play an increasingly central role as they allow the construction of knowledge graphs linking together the resources of the Web. This phenomenon questions the historical sciences and raises the major issue of a paradigm shift. After clarifying what the meaning of “data” is, the paper analyses their place in the process of knowledge production. It presents the main components of the paradigm shift, and in particular the potential of LOD and robust semantics as vehicles for high-quality, intelligible and reusable factual information. We then present the infrastructure projects carried out at the Larhra (Laboratoire de recherche historique Rhône-Alpes) with the aim of facilitating the digital transition: symogih.org, ontome.net, geovistory.org. These Web applications are developed in line with the epistemology of the historical sciences and contribute to the realisation of a disciplinary “information graph”.

Footsteps mark the land as people walk through the north eastern Queensland tropics. Here, in the mid-1800s, botanical explorers from the survey ship HMS Rattlesnake scour their newly encountered environment for species that will be sent as specimens to the growing collections in London. Local Aboriginal people walk with them, perhaps as guides, possibly interpreters. The narratives for this voyage refer to some individual Aboriginal people who accompanied the Europeans as cotaiga, companion – a word from one of the Cape York Peninsula languages. Meetings and encounters between these voyagers and the local people take place around conversations and communications concerning local environmental knowledge. In this paper I look more closely at these ‘knowledge encounters’, to consider the complex poetics of entanglements between local Indigenous knowledges and Western modes of knowledge and representations of the local environment. Interrogating the voyaging narratives for their depictions of these encounters-in-place, my paper will meditate upon philosophies of movement, of walking and being in place, and of place making in the tropics. The paper will also ask questions about the role of historical representations of entangled tropical knowledge formations in present day concerns about climate and environmental change.

This paper gives the main lines of the book “Armenians, Greeks and Jews born in Greece and Turkey and living in Paris, 1920-1936”, published in December 2010 by the Isis editions. According to the cultural and geographical origin, five immigrant groups were distinguished: Armenians from Turkey, Greeks from Greece and Greeks from Turkey, Jews from Greece and Jews from Turkey. The paper deals first with the political and economical reasons of this heterogeneous immigration, details the main streams and their implantation in Paris, and then, describes the process of the community integration in the French society. After that, it shows how the immigration policy of the French authorities and the economical crisis restrains the access of these immigrants to the wage-earning work. Self- employed activities were developed among these immigration as alternative strategy for professional integration. Many points common to the different groups can be found as concerns the self-employed activities, as the continuous augmentation of the professional self-employment rate and the similar driving forces and development process. Nevertheless we found real differences between the groups as to self-employment rate or the wage-earning activities and the different professional activities.

This article argues that Foucault's 1964 paper “La folie, l'absence d'œuvre” ought to be understood as a response to Derrida's 1963 paper “Cogito et histoire de la folie”. I clarify the chronology of the exchange between these two thinkers and follow commentators Bennington and Flynn in emphasising themes other than the status of madness in Descartes. I undertake a thematic investigation of Foucault's 1961 characterisation of madness as the absence of an œuvre and the role of this characterisation in Derrida's 1963 paper. Then I turn to an investigation of Foucault's substantial change in position on these key themes with his 1964 paper. I argue that Foucault seeks to minimise the initial importance he attributed to his characterisation of madness as the absence of an œuvre, altering his understanding of the relation between madness and language as well as shifting the event that silences madness from Descartes to Freud. Derrida's reconsideration of Foucault's Folie et déraison in 1991 treats Freud as the new locus of the exchange. This is an implicit recognition by Derrida of Foucault's “La folie, l'absence d'œuvre” and confirmation of its place within the exchange.

The article presents the results of the phonemic-graphemic analysis of the German dispositions upon death drawn up by spouses from the first half of the 14th century, which come from the town council of Zgorzelec (Görlitz). The dispositions constitute a part of the first liber civitatis of Zgorzelec (Görlitz). The aim of the paper is to answer the question how far the script fixes the features of the spoken language. Due to the analysis it could be unambiguously proved, the German used in the text corresponds to the level of development of the German language within the periodization of history of the language as it contains the standard Early New High German features as well as the dialectal structures and the sound changes, which are characteristic for the Silesian dialect. The text can therefore be classified as one of the linguistic monuments of the East Central German of Silesian tradition. All the results of the exploration are supported with the appropriate examples.

This article is dedicated to the study of the history of the Cyrillic Four Gospels BJ 941 from the manuscript section of the Department of Special Collections of the Jagiellonian Library in Krakow. The study defines that the Gospels were rewritten on a paper variety, the identification of its watermarks implies that the book was created in the last third of the 16thcentury. The analysis of the manuscript margins indicates that the manuscript was rewritten and purchased in Stryi, in the former Przemyśl region. The study of four gift records of the 16thand 17th centuries draws an understanding of how the manuscript has functioned and migrated at the appointed time. First, after the purchase, the codex was donated to the church of Paraskeva Piatnytsa in the Pietniczany village in the Lviv region. In 1641 the codex was gifted over to the Church of the Beheading of John the Baptist in Rozhysche, Sataniv povit. Between 1649 and 1678 the Gospels were presented to the Church of the Intercession of the Virgin in Vinnytsia. In 1678 the book appeared in the Church of the Intercession in the village of Nekhaiky in the Cherkasy region. In the 19th century, the Gospels belonged to the private library of Stanisław Krzyżanowski, who in 1870 donated the manuscript to the Jagiellonian Library.

This paper will explore the possibility of a creative philosophy of history in the work of Gilles Deleuze. It will do so by focusing on Deleuze’s concepts of ‘intensity’ and ‘depth’, as discussed in his seminal work Difference and Repetition. By analysing these concepts in light of several historical thinkers whom Deleuze significantly draws upon (Bergson, Péguy and Braudel), I will show in this paper how Deleuze promotes a theory of history that is not opposed to his philosophy of becoming and creativity, but in concert with it.

Scale has recently entered social anthropology as both a unit of analysis and a heuristic tool. This paper highlights the applicability to the anthropology of tourism of what has been identified as “projects of scale-making” by Tsing (2000) and respective “modes of incorporation” by Glick Schiller, Caglar and Guldbrandsen (2006). Because tourism is one of the central industries shaping present-day understandings of what is global and what is local, scale as a theoretical and methodological tool is ideally suited to study this field. Central concerns of anthropological research on tourism, such as the industry’s political economy, its influence on the perception of landscapes and culture as well as the problematic notion of authenticity, are reconsidered. We argue that central shortcomings of the globalisation debate, such as a teleologically-minded futurism, euphemistic notions of economic circulation and conflations of mundane and scientific debates, shape both the tourism industry and too many anthropological studies on tourism. In light of the contributions collected in this dossier this paper instead develops an analytical framework that highlights the hidden relations of production in tourism economies and the impacts of projects of scale-making on the construction of landscapes and culture.A escala foi recentemente incorporada na antropologia social como unidade de análise e ferramenta heurística. Este artigo centra-se naquilo que Tsing (2000) definiu como “projectos de configuração de escala” e nos respectivos “modos de incorporação” tal como explorados por Glick Schiller, Caglar e Guldbrandsen (2006), destacando a sua aplicabilidade à antropologia do turismo. Na medida em que o turismo é uma das indústrias centrais para a configuração das ideias actuais acerca do que é global e do que é local, a escala, enquanto instrumento teórico e metodológico, adequa-se de forma ideal ao estudo deste campo. Aspectos nucleares da pesquisa antropológica sobre o turismo, como a economia política desta indústria, a sua influência na percepção de paisagens e culturas, ou ainda a controversa noção de autenticidade, são aqui reconsiderados. Defendemos que as principais falhas do debate sobre a globalização, como o futurismo de fundo teleológico, as noções eufemísticas sobre a circulação económica e a mistura entre debates científicos e comuns, informam, simultaneamente, a indústria turística e demasiados estudos antropológicos sobre o turismo. Em alternativa, e à luz das contribuições reunidas neste dossiê, este artigo desenvolve um quadro analítico que destaca as relações de produção ocultas nas economias turísticas e o impacte de projectos de configuração de escala na construção de paisagens e culturas.

Louis Veuillot, well-known among the ultramontane journalistic circle, was also a recognized writer. In colleges, his texts were included into the curriculum of colleges and also in activities outside classrooms. This paper studies the integration of Veuillot's works in literary and religious education for three periods, 1840-1871,1910-1930 and 1950-1970. Whereas Veuillot was not a part of the curriculum in the nineteenth century, the beginning of the twentieth century was the golden age of Veuillot's distribution in colleges, especially during the centennial celebrations in 1913. In these years, the writer became an example for young people, yet the 1950's spelled the end of his teaching. Nevertheless, during a few decades, Louis Veuillot was part of the literary culture among college students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Maintenant is a French Canadian Catholic paper created by the Dominican Order and published from 1962 to 1975 in collaboration with laypeople. Its authors belong to the circle of [...]

Abstract: Twenty years after its original publication, Ian McKay's article for approaching Canadian history through a framework of liberal order remains an engaging and contested argument. This paper examines Ian [...]

Abstract: The paper uses biography to intersect the personal experience of Sister Veronica Dunne with changes in the Canadian province of the Religieuses de Notre Dame des Missions/ Sisters of [...]

Abstract: French Canadian culture at the time of the First World War was bound up with Catholicism. Religious devotions marked not only individual belief but also social belonging. This paper [...]

With a focus on the city of Adaama (formerly: Nazret), the biggest urban agglomeration in Oromia Regional State, the paper addresses the “linguistic landscape” which is indicative of the overall sociolinguistic situation of a polity. Language use in the public space has not only practical-instrumental, but also historical, political, juridical, and most of all psycho-sociological dimensions, the latter relating to the symbolic value of written language use. The paper deals with multilingual graphic representations on public commercial and private sign-boards, advertisements, and notices in Adaama city, with an additional focus on the situation on the campus of Adama Science and Technology University. Under the chosen theoretical framework, it analyses language visibility in terms of language legitimisation, both in terms of peoples’ attitudes and based on official documents regarding language status and language use in present-day Ethiopia, such as the Education and Training Policy (1994), the Constitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (1995), the Revised Constitution of Oromia Regional State (2001/2006), and the Higher Education Proclamation (2009). The primary focus of the paper is on the status, functions, and representations of Afan Oromo, including a review of the major historico-political changes affecting this language from Imperial Ethiopa (before 1974), the Därg period (until 1991), and under the new Constitution of the FDRE (since 1995). The paper also deals with linguistic and graphic issues concerning the “orthographic” representations of the four languages used: Afan Oromo, Amharic, Arabic, and English, involving three different graphic systems: Fidäl (Abugida), Arabic, and Roman.