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Papers on geography and map libraries and a paper on European access to biomedical databases, which were presented at the 1983 International Federation of Library Associations (IFLA) conference, include: (1) "History and Current Status of the Globe Museum of the Austrian National Library" by Franz Wawrik (Austria); (2) "Earth Science Products for Tomorrow's Libraries," in which Gary W. North (United States) outlines the history of mapmaking and developments in satellite imagery, digital cartography, earth science computerized image processing, and microfilm, videodisk, and optical disk storage of earth science images and information; (3) "Influence des Nouveaux Types de Documents Cartographiques sur la Politique d'Acquisition d'une Cartotheque Nationale (Acquisition Policy for a National Map Library)," in which Edwige Archier (France--paper in French) describes the acquisition of maps, aerial photographs, and satellite images at the National Library and other French information centers and the need for a national policy to coordinate map acquisition activities; (4) "British Map Collections: Cooperative Planning and Projects," in which Helen Wallis (United Kingdom) describes the activities of the British Committee for Map Information and Catalogue Systems, progress toward developing a United Kingdom (UK) Machine Readable Cataloging (MARC) format for maps, the MAPLIB information retrieval system, and other cooperative projects; and (5) "Le Reseau EURONET et l'Acces aux Bases de Donnees Biomedicales (The EURONET Network and Access to Biomedical Databases)," in which H. F. Alfred Cordoliani (France--paper in French) describes the EURONET-DIANE packet switching network and the biomedical databases available via EURONET, PRESTEL (British videotex), TRANSPAC (French videotex) and BILDSCHIRMTEXT (German videotex). (ESR)

This paper outlines the diversity of support for educational research and the relatively little influence that educational research has had on recent United Kingdom policy for the secondary school curriculum. The document goes on to describe the major change facing U.K. secondary schools: the introduction of the national curriculum and a related program of assessment. The change, carried in the Education Reform Act of 1988, can be understood only in terms of the broader policy for education that the current Conservative government has in mind. School increasingly is conceived within the framework of a market economy. The dominant system of comprehensive schooling is being diversified to provide choice for parents, and choice is made possible by the provision of public information about the achievement of individual pupils and schools. Traditional local control has given way to centralized control, while "accountability" and "consumerism" distinguish the new system. At the same time, the national curriculum offers teachers freedom to determine their own strategies for teaching and learning, design their own work schemes, and choose their own curriculum materials. The paper indicates some reactions to the reforms and summarizes research resulting from the introduction of the new curriculum and, in conclusion, areas research not so directly linked to the recent reforms. (SG)

This volume reports on the flow of graduates from higher education into working life in Portugal, the United Kingdom, Sweden and Switzerland. Chapters for each nation were contributed by national experts in that field. The first section of the report, on Portugal, contains two papers. The first, written in English, discusses recent changes in the higher education system there, and the second, written in French, looks at higher education output during the 1980s, employment and social and regional mobility, and current trends and future challenges. This chapter also reports on a special study concerning degree holders from Portugal's agricultural schools. The section on the United Kingdom consists of one paper (in English) that describes students in higher education, provides an institutional background on the graduate labor market, analyses patterns and trends in graduate output, and discusses other trends, particularly in the new graduate labor market. The one chapter on Sweden, also written in English, describes higher education there, training from the upper secondary level to higher education, output from the higher education system, the graduate labor market, qualification levels for various educational categories, the relationship between longer education and higher income, and earnings for men and women. The final section, on Switzerland, is written in French and covers the context of the Swiss system of higher education, the structure of the system, and statistical information concerning the students who enroll in the system, as well as the transition from higher education to work, and aspects of the employment market in Switzerland. Each chapter in this report includes its own reference list. (JB)

This collection contains 17 papers presented at a seminar on literacy strategies in the community movement, held in Namur, Belgium, in 1991. The following papers are included: "Introduction" (Hautecoeur); "Illiteracy: Direction? Action? Results?" (Hautecoeur); "Basic Education and Personal Development Strategies" (Georis); "Breaking Down Barriers: A Local Approach to Adult Basic Education" (Denwette, Walker, Tett); "Illiteracy--Solely an Educational Problem?" (Jaehn); "Knowing Where We Are: Participatory Research and Adult Literacy" (Hamilton, Ivanic, Barton); "Community Development Project among the Gypsies of Sao Gregorio" (Oliveira et al.); "Literacy and Community Development in a Lower Class Neighborhood" (Dias); "Building a Regional Partnership in the Fight against Illiteracy in Belgium" (Chapotte, David); "Urgently Required: Imagination--A Writing Competition" (Azzimonti); "Working with Illiterate Young People in a Community Group: The Boite a Lettres Experience (1983-1987)" (Roy); "From Specialized Training to Grass-Roots Literacy Education" (Raymond, Meunier); "Women and Literacy: A Vital Movement" (de Coster); "The Alpha Mons-Borinage Experience" (Arrijs); "Adult Education: Literacy for the Masses" (Corzo, Lancho); "Training: A Tool in the Struggle against All Types of Exclusion?--The History of AFER (Action-Formation-Etude-Recherche)" (Gosset, Caron, Andreau); "Basic Education in Flanders: Strengths and Weaknesses" (Gehre); and "Literacy Tactics in the Community Organizations Movement" (Hautecoeur). (MN)