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"Spatial variations in crude death rates by cause-of-death may result among others from differences in the age structures of the populations of the regions and/or from the small numbers of deaths at certain ages or for certain cause-of-death. This paper addresses, on the one hand, the issue of controlling the impact of age structures (or of confounding factors, generally speaking) and, on the other hand, that of the chance variations in the results of the various standardization methods. Standardization is considered here from the viewpoint of causal modelling: controlling for age structures is a special case of controlling for confounding variables when using aggregate data. From this point of view, we have evaluated and compared the different standardization techniques and their ability to control for confounding factors. The construction of significance tests and confidence intervals has been pursued in order to evaluate the methods from the point of view of the statistical robustness of the standardized indices." (SUMMARY IN ENG AND ITA), (excerpt)

This paper describes the historical origins, modern-day operations and complexities of the Ontario coroners system. Both the Office of the Chief Coroner and Statistics Canada publish death statistics for the province of Ontario. The time required by the coroner's office to produce accurate cause-of-death data may significantly exceed the time constraints faced by Statistics Canada in producing its own annual cause-of-death statistics. As a result, substantial discrepancies arise in the number of deaths attributed to accidents, suicides and homicides that are published by these two agencies.

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