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This research analyzed the social representations regarding women promoted in the fashion journalistic discourse during the sixties decade in Medellín city. It was a period of time characterized by the emergence of media and clothing consumer wave. It went together with the spread of new ideals of personal fulfillment. These aspects produced a gradual transformation on the existing social representations in the city. This research used the discourse analysis method with the purpose of understanding the transmission processes of representations which defined traditional female roles and those roles symbol of social and cultural changes. This method is a helpful tool that allowed studying the social, political and economic context in which they emerged and developed as symbolic creations of appropriation of reality constructed by social groups.

My paper focuses on the work of Denis Miéville in the field of formal and informal logic, namely the status and value of definition. As we can notice by investigating Miéville's studies, there seems to be a certain fruitful tension between the way we normally understand the concept of definition within formal systems and the multiple uses of this knowledge tool in the field of argumentation and everyday discourse. The search for a common pattern across these different domains represents a noble endeavor, even if we would not reach a definitive answer on the matter. The fact that the scholars from Centre de Recherches Sémiologiques have devised a special model in order to make sense of any regular fragment of speech speaks volumes about the complexity of the task of explaining what takes place in a discursive universe which is very far from the clarity of formal systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on the rhetorical effects of a particular type of tweet, the retweet including a quoted tweet. It involves a double "enunciative augmentation" (Paveau 2017a, 2017b) that often has an argumentative function. The study of the discursive and linguistic features characterizing this technodiscursive practice is carried out on a thematic corpus related to the French public debate on end-of-life issues. After resuming the specificities of digital discourses and showing the distinctive aspects of retweets including a quoted tweet, the analysis of the corpus shows the rhetorical features of two constructions which are recurrent in this type of tweet: the use of connectors introducing an argumentative sequence and the use of dialogic strategies. The rhetorical effects of the enunciative augmentation of retweets including a quoted tweet are finally put in relation with what we propose to consider as a "function of technodiscursive attestation". It also emerges that this quotational practice often entails the hierarchical sharing of the speaker's enunciative responsibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we will compare selected examples of writers' digital libraries, from the Renaissance to contemporary times, to study the different rhetorical strategies that preside over their digital discourse. Second, we will analyze how the rhetoric of digital discourse on digital libraries can influence the "author's posture" (Meizoz 2007), both at the institutional and individual level. We will discuss three different cases: the first is that of virtual, even "mental", "memory" (Ferrer 2001) libraries of authors of the past, reconstructed by specialists from the books these writers read or owned, as in the case of the MONLOE project-dedicated to Michel de Montaigne. The second is that of virtual libraries of "amphibious" authors, working in both media (print and digital), following the example of the forerunner François Bon. The third is that of "collective" librariesplatforms, such as Wattpad and Panodyssey. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Alternative Francophone is the property of Alternative Francophone and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper proposes a discursive and semiological analysis of some examples of gestural and proxemic manifestations of the faithful engendered by pragmatic ambiguity in certain statements of the Orthodox Liturgy, in the Romanian language. On a diachronic level, the translation of Christian Orthodox liturgical texts, mostly from Slavonic in Romanian culture, has also had to take into account the management of ambiguity, particularly lexical ambiguity. While the vast majority of the words used in these texts are well interpreted today, at the pole of their reception, some statements still retain an ambiguity related to a diachronic translation, an ambiguity that can be qualified as pragmatic in the immediate synchronicity. In the discursive and ritual context of the Eucharistic Liturgy, they trigger certain gestures by the faithful, who interpret them as speech acts or "first-degree" illocutionary and perlocutionary statements. Because of the consequences of their ambiguity on the gestural actualization of the speech acts they carry, we will call this type of ambiguity pragmatic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Anales de Filología Francesa is the property of Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Murcia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Anales de Filología Francesa is the property of Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Murcia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Synergies Algérie is the property of GERFLINT (Groupe d'Etudes et de Recherches pour le Francais Langue Internationale) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

News discourse is a privileged place for identifying discourse strategies used to orient cultural representation or influence the perception of communities. The possibility of understanding the discursive strategies implemented in this kind of discourse finds a coherent methodological framework in the practice of corpus-assisted discourse analysis. In this paper, we focus on a case study: the analysis of the discourse that the French press, namely the dailies Le Monde, Le Figaro and Libération, produced on the "Moro affair", the president of the Christian Democracy who was kidnapped and killed in 1978 by the Brigate Rosse, an armed group of the extreme left. Our analysis shows how the linguistic strategies used to describe the protagonists of the case, the Brigate Rosse, Aldo Moro and Italy differ according to the semantic fields evoked. In the case of the Brigate Rosse, it is the paradoxical and violent dimension of their identity that is emphasized, which leads them to resort to institutionalized procedures (such as a trial) while they are outside of any institutional (and legal) space, while in the case of the politician Aldo Moro, it is the human dimension that is emphasized, through an important recourse to pathos. Finally, Italy is presented in a caricatured and sometimes grotesque way, which is probably a sign of a difficulty to understand some of its features. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A wind of terror has been revealed in Beni territory since November 2019, when a series of mysterious massacres attributed to the Allied Democratic Forces movement (ADF or ADF-Nalu) restarted. For the past two decades the Eastern territory of the Democratic Republic of Congo has been the main target of several bloody conflicts among which the last one is about ADF. Furthermore, the upsurge of ADF massacres was accompanied by a propaganda campaign built around jihadist discourse. Terrorism represents a real contemporary threat for the DRC, but not in its Islamist form as envisaged by the government. This paper aims to analyze the instrumentalization of terrorism in the DRC as well as the steps which have transformed the conflict into terrorism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Lengas is the property of Presses Universitaires de la Mediterranee and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Thélème is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this paper we have analysed a graphic novel “Maus. A survivor tale” by Art Spiegelman as well as some variants of its translations in the framework of theory of multimodal discourse analysis (ADM) (O`Halloran). The article focuses on analysing the corpus of investigation on its language and nonlanguage level. The aim of the research is to explain in terms of the multimodal discourse analysis theory of main principles of graphic novel translation while observing the way of source language graphic novel transmutation and reconstructing its architecture in the target novel. The methods having been applied in the present paper are those of linguistic observation and description, empiric comparison of translation variants and translation results analysis using ADM tools. Applying methods of ADM in the process of analysing graphic novel results from the necessity to respond to the main challenges of ADM theory for the studies in theory and practice of translation, as well as semiotics and general linguistics. The objectives of the article are to outline the iconic-textual structure of the graphic novel under the analysis, to characterise the visual level of the investigated graphic novel, to generalise arising problems to the translator. The concept of multimodality derived from semiotics is being studied in the article explaining the reason for applying the multimodal approach in the study of the graphic novel. Modalities represented in the graphic novel on non-language level are systematised through different types of multimodal phenomena and their relevance for target text meanings transcreation is described. Both visual and language modalities, which are important for the construction of the meaning, are focused attention to and the multimodal phenomena are piled and systematised in the article. The relationship between the visual and written modalities are discussed and the role and importance for the translation process are explained. Until now there are different investigations of the Maus, but there is no investigation from the multimodal perspective. The investigators focuse on the discursive and pragmatic part, as well as on the expressive value of the work, compare the characteristics of the translation; draw attention to the problems of the literary style of the work Maus; study the role of images in the creation of the work. However, there is still no study of graphic novels from the perspective of multimodal discourse analysis. By means of a series of operations of translation techniques the original text is reconstructed in the translation variant. It involves compressing or widening of the original text, removing inconsistencies between different modalities, reinterpreting “language shell” so that a semiotic content could be preserved and the author’s message transmitted without corruption, for that redrawing some characters or chapters, removing, or replacing some visual symbols with different ones. Illustrative material shows a certain logic scheme to follow the process of translation taking into consideration different multimodal phenomena, as well as the absence of some of its constituents. On the one hand, extralinguistic objects engraved in pictures of the graphic novel may present the reason for the translation technique of addition, and on the other hand the absence of some details in the pictures may justify the translation technique of omission. Evaluating functional types of multimodal phenomena also may lead one to adequate selection of synonyms or a phrase to choose in a process of translation having as a “guide” visual image supporting language level of a graphic novel. The term “graphic novel” is specified as well as the difference between terms “comic” and “graphic novel” is outlined. Graphic novel format is proved to assimilate to the literary novel with the content of memoirs, autobiography, history, documentary reports etc. Maus is the first graphic novel dealing with Holocaust theme aimed at the adult audience. According to the definition of the graphic novel, Maus is seen to share discursive mechanisms with visual narrative instruments, embedded in multimodal phenomena. The types of multimodal phenomena are selected in the present investigation and grouped with illustrative examples taken from the corpus. In the framework of ADM theory, the selection of translation techniques and operations are justified, and the reasons for certain translation variants are explained. As it is shown in the paper, graphic novel translation differs from literal one. The most important characteristics of graphic novel translation distinguishing this genre of literature have been outlined: 1) the graphic novel translation unit obligatory consists of both verbal and visual parts; 2) the intonation of the characters of the graphic novel is a part of a style and is taken into consideration in the course of translation; 3) visual part of the graphic novel is presented by multimodal phenomena that influence the strategies of translation. General recommendations for the translation of the historic graphic novel have been given, mainly: 1) for the purpose of collecting information from the visual part. It is recommended to read and discover the entire content of the novel before starting the translation, paying attention to the multimodal phenomena and their types mentioned in this article. Attention is paid to past events, other extralinguistic meaningful objects. An individual language style is translated with the same style and is maintained throughout the text; 2) on the language level, it is recommended to choose at least the sentence as the minimum translation unit of the graphic novel using substitution techniques within the unit as long as the final sentence reflects the same message. However, the largest translation unit can be chosen. Appropriate options are a speech bubble (speech bubbles) or the entire page. Bubbles (speech balloons) often contain colloquial speech, which differs much more between languages than literal text of a book. The ease of colloquial speech is nearly impossible to achieve without the freedom to change the order, composition, and number of sentences. Often, it is not the character-specific phrases that need to be translated, but rather the emotion of outrage or joy, recreating it using the character’s language (such as the speech of the immigrant, the main character, Vladek, or his wife); 3) the use of bold. It is understood that it is not necessary to use bold type in the same units that appear in the original. The most important thing is to convey the same meaning and intonation in the translation avoiding the “word for word” translation; 4) the language style of the author and the characters. The author and the characters of the graphic novel have their own language style, which is part of the meaning. Characters may have their own characteristic expressions and circumstances that explain the choice of phrase translations. After reading the text and visualising the novel, it becomes clearer what type of the target text of the protagonist should be created to remain truthful and sound natural; 5) “Litmus paper”. It is recommended to read the translation after a couple of days without looking at the original text thinking about whether or not the author would choose the same words, style, intonation; 6) Culture references create a certain atmosphere and are translated (6.1) literally as in the example of gefiltefish translation or (6.2) simplification is used the culture in case of translation of the same unit into Russian рыбафиш; 7) translation of anthroponyms and proper names. It is not recommended to translate the proper names of the historical graphic novel taking into account the documentary part of the novel. The same variants of anthroponyms are maintained throughout the text; 8) accuracy is the second priority after avoiding meaning corruption. One should try to preserve accuracy if it is possible, respecting the condition of preserving the meaning without corrupting it. To achieve the effect of equal perception of the novel by the reader both in the original language and in the translation language, two things are needed: understanding what is said in the original text and reconstructing it in the target text. The ADM theory, in this respect, is the tool to achieve the most adequacy and the most accuracy at the same time.

In an age when the global dissemination of digital information is transforming the way we read and write by foregrounding the interdependence of visual/verbal elements and languages, the reconstruction of identity and history in digital environments challenges binary translation processes. From this perspective, we interrogate the integration of visual and verbal elements in three Wikipedia articles, written in Polish, English, and Portuguese, about the topic "Polish death camp". What is the role of translation in the semiotic construction of historical discourses in these articles? What are the conflicts generated by translated denominations? How do Wikipedia communities engage with the production of these cognitive representations? This paper attempts to answer these questions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we will present the results of an empirical research regarding the various procedures used by journalists in order to report the declarations and commentaries of politicians on the subject of the Quebec City Mosque attack, a tragic event that took place on January 29th 2017. We will try to establish which of those procedures were used by journalists in order to privilege the direct discourse (DD) or the indirect discourse (ID) and to what extent these procedures can reveal the subjectivity of the journalists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Thélème is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The main objective of this paper is to describe the functioning of the current discourse about war metaphor, as a resource of knowledge about the world. This is done by reinterpreting the argumentative metaphor, at the same time explicative and persuasive, in order to be able to explain its argumentative dimension. From this perspective, we will question the connections between metaphor and argumentation, as we are not certain that we can really talk about a war metaphor in this crisis discourse or that this usage is in itself appropriate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article aims to study the poetics evolution of a great Polish poet and prose writer, Nobel prize winner Czesław Miłosz towards a fundamentally new comprehensive literary form: from “Piesek Przydrożny” (“Roadside Dog” 1997) to “Abecadło” (“Milosz`s ABC`s” 1997) and “Inne Abecadło” (“A Further Alphabet” 1998). The purpose stimulates the usage of the analytical, hermeneutics and receptive methodology, as well as textual analysis. It is stressed that the years of this work publication indicate the writerєі success in his determined search for a form that would be capable, containing immense life material, countless events, lives and artistic-philosophical reflections, to create the picture of the 20th century. The paper highlights why “Piesek Przydrożny” does not meet any requirements for containing the unlimited number of life facts within a text. We’ve noted the organizing function of Piesek in the system of a fictional unity. Moving freely, Piesek made it possible for Miłosz to create a certain series of philosophical pieces (“Ubóstwo wyobraźni”, “Wzniosłość”, “Pieśń dziadowsku”, “Со upadek”, “Powieść”, “Gombrowicz”, “Polski literat”) and several tragic essays – “Ojcowskie kłopoty”, “Zmartwienia historyka” and others. It is proven that while the form of this book contains a variety of material, it still cannot give Miłosz the absolute freedom he was striving for. The writer was determined to find the form which would, according to him, “allow for much freedom”, “not pursue beauty but just register facts”. Considering Е. Brazgovskaya’s findings, the productivity of the alphabet (аbecadło) is proved. The paper expresses the idea that one can treat the alphabet (аbecadło) as a kind of a memoir genre. The innovative structure of “Abecadło”, consisting of essays-novels, is analyzed. The article traces the associative connections which cement 200 essays into a single entity, creating the image of the epoch.

Copyright of Quetes Litteraires is the property of Katolicki Uniwersityt Lubelski Jana Pawla II, Wydzial Nauk Humanistycznych, Institut Filologii Romaj and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Etudes Romanes de Brno is the property of Masaryk University, Faculty of Arts and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Metadiscourse (MD) is the unique property of human language to codify messages on language itself. It reveals the author's presence in reference to speech management and other interventions or comments with which the author either illustrates their opinion on the subject or leads the interlocutor/reader to an understanding of their message. MD was traditionally distinguished from propositional material and considered "material not belonging to the object of discourse". This paper argues that MD not only supports propositional content, but represents the crucial means by which the latter is perceived by the interlocutor/reader. It also includes a presentation of Ädel's so-called reflexive model, which avoids the dichotomy between proposition and MD, takes both the author and their interlocutor/reader into consideration, and appropriately highlights the reflexivity through which the importance of the author's awareness of the text is brought into focus. The empirical part includes the illustration of the metadiscursive functions of the discourse marker cioè. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Synergies Roumanie is the property of GERFLINT (Groupe d'Etudes et de Recherches pour le Francais Langue Internationale) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Synergy (1841-7191) is the property of Editura ASE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper proposes to critically review Judith Butler's conceptualization of performativity from 1990-2015. In these years Butler proposes to extend the scope of J. L Austin’s concept towards gender theory, replacing Austin's speech act analytic with a post-structural analytic of power. Butler critically uses the reference to poststructuralism and French feminism to reinterpret the Aristotelian conception of the intelligibility of power as the materialization of a discursive form, subordinating to it the scope of performativity. Noting that this influence is absent in Austin's theoretical and analytical grounding of the concept, we will finally contrast the scope and limitations of Butler facing Austin.

This paper aims to analyze the social representations of women in Portuguese Textbooks (LDP) distributed in high school programs of state schools and selected based on the Guide of the National Textbook Program (PNLD) 2018. To this end, we draw from the field of Discourse Analysis, more specifically, from Foucault’s postulates (2009, 2011, 2013, 2014, 2016) in dialogue with the notion of “gender identity”, by Louro (1997, 2008). The corpus of analysis is comprised of visual-linguistic texts collected from the three most chosen collections of high school textbooks by schools of Minas Gerais State. Based on the analyses, we found that the corpus presents visual-linguistic texts that foster possible questions about normalized gender representations for women. However, we could perceive that most of the scenes portray previously normalized roles based on the traditional model of asymmetric gender relations. Therefore, in this paper we present other interpretations of the visual-linguistic materialities of LDPs, outlining possible practices of sexism confrontation in Portuguese language teaching and learning.

Abstract: Proverbs, in general, are employed not only for their functionality but also for their aesthetic or literary reasons which render them effective in discourse (Yankah, 1989; Dipio, 2019). This paper sought to explore the aesthetic nature of proverbs and their effects on discourse. It also aimed to find out the extent to which the characteristics of written literature could be found in proverbs which are the product of oral literature. The questions which underpin this research are: What are the aesthetic qualities embedded in Akan proverbs? To what extent do they impact on proverbial discourse? To be able to find answers to these questions, we adopted the traditional library research approach to select sixteen (16) Akan proverbs from books and journal articles for our literary and pragmatic analyses. The findings show that literary devices present in novels, poems, and other documentary forms of literature are equally seen in Akan proverbs. They also reveal that the rhetoric figures in proverbs aid the proverbial message to appeal to the human senses for a better understanding by the interlocutor. The aim of this paper is to examine some literary devices in Akan proverbs and what they add to the proverbial message.

Copyright of Studies in Contrastive Grammar / Studii de Gramatica Contrastiva is the property of Universitatea din Pitesti and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this paper, we study extracts taken from a corpus of written press where expressions of the type selon A ‘according to A’ introduce quoted phrases (fr. « îlots textuels ») and so become co-markers (together with the quotation marks) of autonymic modalisation. We propose to relate the issue of the form of the phrase governed by selon and the syntax of selon A expressions to the issue of discourse endorsement. Our hypothesis is that due to their heterogeneous syntactic behaviour and to the complex mechanisms of modalisation that they set up (based both on the content and the use of words), textual sequences introduced by the expressions of the type selon A represent – in what the scope of discourse endorsement is concerned – a particularly blurred case of modalisation by recalling another discourse, which is typical for written press. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Signata is the property of Presses Universitaires de Liege and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Letrônica is the property of EDIPUCRS - Editora Universitaria da PUCRS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Synergies Roumanie is the property of GERFLINT (Groupe d'Etudes et de Recherches pour le Francais Langue Internationale) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Fórum Lingüístico is the property of Forum Linguistico and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

“Goodbye, Americana, Hello Real Time”: The Death of Idealism in Philip Roth’s American Pastoral. Philip Roth’s 1997 American Pastoral is a textbook illustration of failed cultural transmission: the transference and transformation of values, idea(l)s and information in the lives of Seymour Levov, his family, his community prove to be governed by loss, misrepresentation and gradual decline into disorder. Far from delivering the romanticized version of life in the Jewish neighborhood that the title implies, the novel captures a disenchanted Americana, wherein idealism and radicalism clash against the background of the ideologically fractured 1960s. While ‘the Swede’ apparently initially embodies the (super)hero, middle-class American Dream, American Pastoral chronicles America’s evolution after World War II, which is captured as a mixture of convention and rebellion, both stemming from clashing political ideologies. This paper examines the book’s polarizing discourses, keeping an emblematic passage in mind: “Maybe the best thing would be to forget being right or wrong about people and just go along for the ride.” “Goodbye, Americana, Hello Real Time”: moartea idealismului în Pastorala americană de Philip Roth. Pastorala americană a lui Philip Roth (1997) constituie un exemplu tipic de transmitere culturală eșuată. Transferul și transformarea valorilor, ide(alur)ilor și informației în viețile lui Seymour Levov, familiei și comunității sale se dovedesc guvernate de pierderi, reprezentări eronate și, în cele din urmă, entropie. Departe de a oferi o versiune romanțată asupra vieții în vecinătatea evreiască, așa cum sugerează titlul, romanul surprinde o imagine dezvrăjită a Americii, unde idealismul și radicalismul se ciocnesc pe fundalul unor ani 1960 scindați ideologic. În timp ce „Suedezul” pare că întruchipează inițial (super)eroul Visului American al clasei de mijloc, Pastorala americană înregistrează evoluția Americii după cel de Al Doilea Război Mondial, redată drept un amestec de convenționalism și rebeliune, ambele rezultate din diferite tipuri de îndoctrinare. Lucrarea examinează discursurile polarizante ale cărții, luând în considerare un pasaj emblematic: „Poate cel mai bine ar fi să uităm de a avea sau nu dreptate despre oameni și să ne bucurăm doar de călătorie”. Cuvinte-cheie: Americana, comunitate, discurs, ideologie, identitate, mit, traumă Article history: Received 15 March 2024; Revised 27 August 2024; Accepted 01 September 2024; Available online 30 September 2024; Available print 30 September 2024.

This paper explores the effect of globalization on the translation industry and the demands it places on translators. The paper argues that translators are not only individuals with some knowledge of the source or target language, but they also often act as mediators between the discourse of the source culture and the discourse of the target audience. To be a successful translator, one has to possess the knowledge of both the general culture of the target audience, specialized knowledge within the domain of that particular text, and perfect knowledge of the target language, not to mention the ability to detect any particularities in the source text and language. The article argues for the imperative of equipping modern interpreters and translators with a set of extra-linguistic assets imposed by the modern economic structure of the world. The paper traces back the history of the English language as an example of the domineering linguistic power that has been solidified by socio-political and economic status leading up to considering it a globalized code. The outcome of this universal metamorphosis has reached such a point that it requires from people worldwide and namely in specific areas of trade to adapt to these exigencies. In this sense, global and business exchanges cannot be successfully realized without a strong probability of understanding the message issuing from the other. Hence the need to create interlinguistic agents that are able to minimize the existing nuances between people of the world primarily for universal economic reasons. Those people are supposed to reach beyond the linguistic requirements for the act of translation and to embrace the demands of the specific business field or area which in is in itself a part of competency within the boundaries of modern training impositions. The article contends as well for the need on the part of modern translators to embrace modern technological innovations that are supposed to be shielded to support the human trials to bring in concrete shape poles-apart nations. In a globalized world, technology invades all life domains where translation studies are no exception. The paper concludes by suggesting strategies for translators to position themselves as assets to their organization and to counteract the belief that anyone with language experience can translate.

Copyright of Synergies Roumanie is the property of GERFLINT (Groupe d'Etudes et de Recherches pour le Francais Langue Internationale) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Carnets: Revue Electronique d'Etudes Françaises / Revista Electrónica de Estudos Franceses is the property of Associacao Portuguesa de Estudos Franceses (APEF) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Universitatis Lodziensis: Folia Litteraria Romanica is the property of Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Lodzkiego and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Lehesaju Muusika International Music and Poetry Festival in Tartu as a Specific Form of Cultural Mediation and Object of Analysis for Research on Multilingualism. The paper focuses on the multilingual discourse of the Lehesaju Muusika international music and poetry festival, which takes place annually in Tartu, Estonia. Being an international cultural event organised by ethnic minorities, Lehesaju Muusika represents a unique source of empirical data for research on multilingualism. The festival attracts songwriters and performers of the so-called ‘author song’ or ‘bard song’ not only from Estonia, but also from all over the world. The key feature of this genre is the dominance of the text over the music. The spatial organisation of a concert hall represents a specific power constellation within a microsocial structure. Performing artists have the power to decide in which language they perform and address the multilingual audience, while the audience itself has an indirect effect on this decision. The artist’s dialogue with the audience represents a peculiar discursive entity within the discourse of the festival. Code-switching appears to be one of the inherent characteristics of this discursive entity. The present paper summarises some key features of international music and poetry festivals as multilingual cultural events, focusing on the discourse of the Lehesaju Muusika festival. It offers a brief analysis of the audience’s language profile based on the results of a microsociological case study carried out during the latest festival, in 2019. To illustrate the complexity of the multilingual communication during the festival, three situations of code-switching during the performance of an Estonian native speaker in front of the multilingual audience are described and analysed.

Digital writings, like writings in general, are presented visually to the reader through different forms depending on the discourse of circulation and the distribution devices. These visual forms typical of certain discourses and appropriate to certain devices are generally identified as formats. The concept of format has long escaped attempts at definition in semiotics and linguistics. However, it is a key concept for the analysis of texts, because it is closely linked, on the one hand, to the writing medium and, on the other, to the genre of discourse. We then propose to analyze the format by observing newspapers on paper and digital media.

Este trabajo aborda la cuestión del carácter utópico del libro, de la acción y del proyecto político y cultural de Alfonso X. Para tratar de establecer si cabe considerar que las obras del Rey Sabio pueden considerarse utópicas, se analizarán tres aspectos: la propia realización de los códices, como plasmación de un proyecto de reforma; el carácter inconcluso de este proyecto que parece adscribir lo utópico a lo irrealizable; el desplazamiento de la utopía de la obra en sí a su hacedor, el rey. This paper addresses the question of the utopian character of the book, of Alfonso X’s action and of his political and cultural project. To try to establish whether the works of this king can be considered utopian, three aspects will be analysed: the actual creation of the codices, as the embodiment of a reform project; the unfinished nature of this project, which seems to ascribe the utopian to the unrealisable; and the shift of the utopia from the work itself to its maker, the king.

Abstract In this paper we analyse how populist leaders in UK and Italy – namely Nigel Farage, Nicola Sturgeon, Giorgia Meloni, and Matteo Salvini – reacted to the first and second lockdowns on their Twitter accounts, communicating directly to their people. The analysis was carried out following a combined qualitative and quantitative approach to discourse. The qualitative analysis focused on comparing populist leaders’ rhetorical and semiotic choices, while the quantitative analysis observed the response by the community of common Twitter users. This work aims on the one hand at unveiling the strategic use of social media by populist leaders and on the other at investigating conflictual interactional dynamics, especially in times of crisis.

This contribution consists of a short presentation of the way in which several university level grammars embed macrosyntactic and discourse aspects in their descriptions of the grammatical facts. The present paper looks at Italian, Spanish, Romanian, European Portuguese and Serbian, and outlines to what extent the books selected for this purpose introduce pragmatic and textual examples - from written and oral corpora - to support their explanations. The main hypothesis put forward here is that the inclusion of the grammar-discourse interface modifies to some degree the descriptive categories commonly used in such works. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Speech & Context International Journal of Linguistics, Semiotics & Literary Science / Limbaj si Context is the property of Speech & Context Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

I have two goals in this paper: to explain the relation between memory and ideology on the one hand and to describe the concept of the "just representation" of the past on the other hand, in Paul Ricoeur's Memory, History, Forgetting. The phrase "just representation" is a reinterpretation of the phrase "just memory" frequently used by Ricœur. Here, it designates not only la juste mesure between memory and forgetting, but also - in respect to what Ricœur calls dette envers le passé or devoir de mémoire - the conviction that historical discourse is or must be a form of social action that realizes a certain conception of justice. The idea of the justice of discourse suggested here is legitimized on the basis of the Ricœurian concept of language as fiduciary institution and of the concept of discourse deriving from the speech acts theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Going beyond the convergent nature of the definitions of paradigm, the present paper re-examines a number of problems related to the operation of substitution, to its relationships to commutation and, more generally, to the notion of “associative relationships”. The article stresses the overevaluation of morphological and lexicological criteria and a substitutability which varies according to functional criteria, genres and discourse situations, and this before considering when and to whom the concept of paradigm makes sense. The paper then proposes a digression through the epistemological critique of the notion of scientific paradigm; it thus shows that this critique encourages the research for blind spots in Saussure’s approach to paradigm in respect to the shifting from the “langue” (language as a system) to the “parole” (language in use) in texts, discourses within genres or situations which take into account the global dimension of meaning and argue that associative relationships are not conceived only according to the stock of words in our memory but are also created in the text. Finally, based on the interwoven analysis of the paradigm with that of the enunciation and of the point of view, the paper tries to illustrate this new approach of the duality paradigm/syntagm with a view to the accumulations of significations and continuums.The author puts forward the following words: paradigm, paradigmatisation, substitution, commutation, enunciation, point of view.

This paper analyses the use of metaphor in political speeches addressing the so-called “refugee crisis”. The speeches were made in 2015 in the German parliament by members of the government and opposition. Our findings show that systematic and profound analysis of the apparently trivial assumption that political rhetoric effects public opinion and vice versa, produces significant results in the field of an ethnology of contemporary “Western” national states and their interdependence. This includes their self-understanding as well as the complex dynamics of discourse and power within themselves and on a global scale. The approach presented in our paper is capable of grasping the dynamic socio-cultural negotiation processes currently underway. We argue that it is important to examine the metaphorical dimension of expressions used in political discourses. If these are taken for granted, no scope would be left for alternative expressions and metaphors that trigger different frames and thus enable alternative actions.

Copyright of Canadian Graduate Journal of Sociology & Criminology / Revue Canadienne des Études Supérieures en Sociologie et Criminologie is the property of Paladin Academic Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Significantly changing the angle of view towards the philosophical discourse on the metaphor, we propose in this paper the inclusion of the metaphor in the field of information and communication sciences as an approach to questioning and opening a new way for understanding the role of the metaphorical mediations in real communication situations, in different discursive areas, whether in the field of political communication, branding, advertising, public or organizational communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]