490 results
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2. L’évaluation des politiques à l’épreuve des faits : Apports des débats autour des appproches evidence based policies [working paper]
- Author
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Berriet-Solliec, Marielle, Labarthe, Pierre, and Baudry, Jacques
- Subjects
EVALUATION ,EVIDENCE BASED POLICIES ,CONSEIL AGRICOLE ,AGRI-ENVIRONNEMENT ,BIODIVERSITE ,AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION ,BIODIVERSITY ,METHODE D'EVALUATION ,évaluation ,evidence based policies ,conseil agricole ,agri-environnement ,biodiversité ,agricultural extension ,biodiversity ,méthode d'évaluation ,politique publique ,agriculture - Abstract
Les méthodes couramment utilisées pour l'évaluation des politiques publiques rencontrent deux principaux écueils. Le premier est d'analyser les relations de cause à effet uniquement à partir des opinions et avis des parties prenantes (stakeolders). Quand ces schémas de causalité mobilisent les théories en sciences sociales (theory driven evaluation), le second écueil est qu'ils sont rarement confrontés aux faits. Pour pallier cette défaillance de validité empirique, les méthodes evidence-based proposent de mobiliser des connaissances scientifiques testées empiriquement. Toutefois, même si ces méthodes sont répandues dans les domaines de l'éducation ou de la santé dans les pays anglo-saxons, elles s'avèrent encore très rarement utilisées dans les deux domaines d'application étudiés dans ce papier, le conseil en agriculture et l'agri-environnement., The methods for the evaluation of public policies face two major limits. The first one happens when the schemes of causal relations involved in a given public policy are analysed only though the opinions and the knowledge of some stakeholders. When the description of these schemes is rather driven by some social sciences theories, a second limit may occur: the lack of confrontation with field observations. Both methods raise the question of their level of validity. In that respect, the EBP method proposes to ground the evaluation of public policies on scientific knowledge that rely on the best available empirical evidences. These methods are well spread in the cases of health or education policies evaluation in Anglo-Saxon countries. However, they are much less implemented in the two cases studied in this paper: agri-environement and agricultural extension.
- Published
- 2010
3. Recherches-système en agriculture et développement rural : communications = Systems-oriented research in agriculture and rural development : papers
- Author
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Sebillotte, M. (ed.)
- Subjects
SYSTEME D'ELEVAGE ,PROJET DE DEVELOPPEMENT ,SYSTEME AGRAIRE ,AGRICULTURE ,SYSTEME DE CULTURE ,DEVELOPPEMENT DURABLE ,ANALYSE SYSTEMIQUE ,DEVELOPPEMENT RURAL ,RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE ,SYSTEME DE PRODUCTION ,MODELISATION ,METHODOLOGIE ,EXPLOITATION DES RESSOURCES NATURELLES - Published
- 1994
4. [Agriculture, ecology and development].
- Author
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Dufumier M
- Subjects
- Africa, Africa South of the Sahara, Economics, Environment, Social Planning, Socioeconomic Factors, Agriculture, Conservation of Natural Resources, Developing Countries, Ecology, Environmental Pollution, Evaluation Studies as Topic, Philosophy, Poverty
- Published
- 1993
5. [Feeding the people: food policy and population policy in China].
- Author
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Wu I
- Subjects
- Asia, Child, China, Conservation of Natural Resources, Demography, Developing Countries, Employment, Environment, Asia, Eastern, Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Old Age Assistance, Population, Population Characteristics, Population Dynamics, Rural Population, Urban Population, Agriculture, Economics, Food Supply, Population Control, Population Growth, Public Policy, Social Planning
- Published
- 1981
6. Explorer les liens entre agriculture, migration et sécurité alimentaire : une enquête auprès de ménages agricoles diversifiés et multilocalisés du nord-ouest du Nicaragua.
- Author
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Fréguin-Gresh, Sandrine, Padilla, Lissania, Pavon, Karen, Elizondo, Douglas, Cortès, Geneviève, Banoviez Urrutia, Valentina, Lourme Ruiz, Alissia, Dury, Sandrine, and Bouquet, Emmanuelle
- Subjects
FOOD security ,HOUSEHOLDS - Abstract
Copyright of Cahiers Agriculture is the property of EDP Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
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7. Les systèmes irrigués au Chili : vers la fin des tours d'eau ?
- Author
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Nicolas-Artero, Chloé Nelly
- Subjects
WATER rights ,AGRICULTURE ,HYDRAULICS ,FARMERS - Abstract
Copyright of Cahiers Agriculture is the property of EDP Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
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8. Agroforestry as a Sustainable Solution for Mitigating Climate Change Impacts and Addressing Water Scarcity in Tunisia: A Review
- Author
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Marwa Zouari and Mohamed Hachicha
- Subjects
Agroforestry ,climate change ,water scarcity ,treated wastewater ,sustainable land management ,ecological benefits ,Agriculture - Abstract
Agroforestry, as a sustainable land management practice, has garnered attention worldwide for its potential to mitigate climate change impacts and address water scarcity issues. In Tunisia, where climate change-induced stresses are increasingly affecting agriculture and water resources, agroforestry presents a promising solution. This review paper examines the importance of agroforestry in Tunisia within the context of climate change, water shortage, and treated wastewater utilization. By analyzing existing literature and case studies, the paper elucidates the ecological, economic, and social benefits of agroforestry practices in Tunisia. Additionally, it discusses the role of agroforestry in enhancing resilience to climate change, conserving water resources, and utilizing treated wastewater sustainably. Furthermore, the paper evaluates policy support and identifies challenges hindering the widespread adoption of agroforestry in Tunisia. Overall, this review underscores the significance of agroforestry as a multifaceted approach to sustainable land management in Tunisia, offering recommendations for policymakers, practitioners, and researchers to promote its implementation and integration into national strategies.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Les expériences du « local ». Variations et tensions autour de l'alimentation locale dans la région marseillaise.
- Author
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Consalès, Jean-Noël, Guiraud, Noé, and Siniscalchi, Valeria
- Abstract
Copyright of Natures Sciences Sociétés is the property of EDP Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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10. Le futur du travail en agriculture.
- Author
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Dedieu, Benoît
- Abstract
Copyright of Cahiers Agriculture is the property of EDP Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
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11. Muzara’ah-Based Crowdfunding for Financing Small Farmers in Mali
- Author
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Mohamed Sylla
- Subjects
mali ,agriculture ,crowdfunding ,islamic crowdfunding ,muzara’ah. ,Economic history and conditions ,HC10-1085 - Abstract
Crowdfunding is deemed a new trend that plays a vital role in reshaping the future of financial transactions and services, and many use it to collect funds from individuals. When crowdfunding is used in accordance with Shari’ah principles, it is called Islamic crowdfunding. This paper aims to develop a Muzara’ah-based crowdfunding model which can contribute to developing agricultural activity in Mali. The paper relies on library research, relevant literature, articles, and books to archive the study’s goals. The paper found that this model can contribute to providing farmers with the necessary funds. many farmers can access funds, and hence the financing problem will reduce.
- Published
- 2023
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- View/download PDF
12. Comment mobiliser des approches de fouille de textes et d'extraction de la terminologie dans un contexte pluridisciplinaire ?
- Author
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Roche, Mathieu
- Subjects
TERMS & phrases - Abstract
Copyright of Natures Sciences Sociétés is the property of EDP Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
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13. Comment faciliter la construction et la conduite des projets interdisciplinaires : retour d'expérience d'un programme de recherche sur la gestion intégrée de la santé des animaux en élevage.
- Author
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Ducrot, Christian, Barrio, Maria Belen, Boissy, Alain, Casabianca, François, Pinard-van der Laan, Marie-Hélène, and Maillet, Isabelle
- Subjects
SUSTAINABLE development - Abstract
Copyright of Natures Sciences Sociétés is the property of EDP Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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14. Les systèmes alimentaires aux défis de la crise de la Covid-19 en Afrique : enseignements et incertitudes.
- Author
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Dury, Sandrine, Alpha, Arlène, Zakhia-Rozis, Nadine, and Giordano, Thierry
- Subjects
LOW-income consumers ,SOCIAL distancing ,FOOD security ,COVID-19 pandemic ,FOOD production ,AGRICULTURAL technology - Abstract
Copyright of Cahiers Agriculture is the property of EDP Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
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15. Emergency Measures Against GMOs Between Harmonizing and De-harmonizing Trends: The Case Fidenato et al.
- Author
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Elena Corcione
- Subjects
precautionary principle ,genetically modified food and feed ,emergency measures ,regulation 1829/2003 ,regulation 178/2002 ,agriculture ,Law ,Law of Europe ,KJ-KKZ - Abstract
(Series Information) European Papers - A Journal on Law and Integration, 2018 3(1), 345-356 | European Forum Insight of 19 March 2018 | (Table of Contents) I. Introduction. - II. The context: normative framework and relevant precedents. - II.1. A focus on the EU normative framework on GMOs. - II.2. Setting the (high) standard of proof: the case Monsanto SAS. - III. The judgment. - III.1. Factual background. - III.2. AG Bobek's Opinion. - III.3. The findings of the Court of Justice. - IV. Comment. | (Abstract) This Insight comments on the preliminary ruling in the case Fidenato et al. (judgment of 13 September 2017, case C-111/16), in which the Court of Justice excluded that Member States may rely on the precautionary principle enshrined in Art. 7 of Regulation 178/2002 to adopt emergency measures against the cultivation of GMOs, pursuant to Art. 34 of Regulation 1829/2003. The judgment confirms the strict interpretation of the conditions to adopt such measures, already provided by the Court of Justice in the case Monsanto SAS (judgment of 8 September 2011, joined cases C-58/10 and C-68/10), and the will of the EU to maintain full control over the management of scientific risk related to GMOs. At the same time, the ruling calls for some reflections on GMOs regulation in the EU, which has recently undergone some major changes in the sense of leaving much more freedom to Member States to ban the cultivation of GMOs when non-scientific risks are at stake.
- Published
- 2018
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16. Bioéconomie : un retour historique sur deux problématisations de l'usage des ressources renouvelables.
- Author
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Béfort, Nicolas and Nieddu, Martino
- Subjects
NATURAL resources - Abstract
Copyright of Natures Sciences Sociétés is the property of EDP Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
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17. Les territoires du cacao biologique, alternatives productives et femmes indigènes, Talamanca, Costa Rica/Organic cocoa territories, productive alternatives and indigenous women, Talamanca, Costa Rica.
- Author
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Chavarochette, Carine and Rodriguez, Tania
- Subjects
INDIGENOUS women ,INTERNATIONAL cooperation ,CACAO ,AGRICULTURE - Abstract
Copyright of Études Caribéennes is the property of Etudes Caribeennes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
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18. La gestion des populations d'abeilles inscrite dans des milieux. L'exemple de l'abeille corse.
- Author
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Lauvie, Anne, Sorba, Jean-Michel, Adam, Antonin, Amzil, Lahoucine, and Michon, Geneviève
- Subjects
GERMPLASM ,BIODIVERSITY - Abstract
Copyright of Natures Sciences Sociétés is the property of EDP Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
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19. Effects of natural long storage duration on seeds germinative response of Argyrolobium uniflorum (Decne.) Jaub. & Spach
- Author
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Asma Boukhris, Nadia Elabed, Azaiez Ouled belgacem, and Mohamed Chaieb
- Subjects
Agriculture - Abstract
Little is known about the effect of seed natural long storage on the germination capacity of vascular plant species particularly those used in restoration programs. In the current paper, we aimed to study the effect of different seed storage durations (from 3 months to 22 years) on the germination of Argyrolobium uniflorum (Decne.) Jaub. & Spach, herbaceous legume of high pastoral value indigenous to the Mediterranean Basin. In this paper, we found that the seeds scarification, hasten germination capacity of scarified seeds (SS) to almost 80%. The seed germination is maintained for 14 years at the level of 78 to 60% and then decreases. Also, other measured parameters of water content, electric conductivity, seedling lengths and MGT were also modified along seeds age. The duration of storage affects the germination performance of Argyrolobium uniflorum seeds which decreases after approximately one decade and half which give us an idea about the longevity of soil seeds bank of this species.
- Published
- 2022
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20. Le loup en tribunes: analyse comparée de deux discours argumentatifs sur une espèce controversée.
- Author
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Chandelier, Marie, Mathevet, Raphaël, Steuckardt, Agnès, and Sarale, Jean-Marc
- Abstract
Copyright of Natures Sciences Sociétés is the property of EDP Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2016
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21. Caractérisation des déchets ménagers et assimilés dans deux résidences universitaires : Ex-Habitat et Hasnaoua 2 (Tizi-Ouzou, Algérie) et essais de compostage des biodéchets
- Author
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Rachid Slimani, Melissa Kanane, Fatiha Metna, and Arezki Hammoum
- Subjects
characterisation ,valorisation ,composting ,waste ,university residence ,Agriculture - Abstract
Characterisation of household and similar waste in two university residences : Ex-Habitat and Hasnaoua 2 (Tizi-Ouzou, Algeria) and bio-waste composting trials. The aim of the present study is the characterisation of the household and assimilated wastes generated by two university residences (Ex Habitat and Hasnaoua), both located in TIZI-OUZOU (Algeria), to know their typologies and quantities for better management. The results show that the organic wastes represent the dominating fraction with 87,95% in the Ex-Habitat and 96,57% in Hasnaoua 2. The ratio was 0,29kg/person/day for the first university residence and 0,22% for the second one. Two methods of composting were used to treat large quantities of organic waste in-situ: in piles and composters thus to prevent them from being sent to the Oued-Falli landfills (Tizi-Ouzou). The composting process monitoring allowed us to get satisfying results using olive pomace, sawdust, dry tree leaves and cardboard paper as a carbon input. The highest temperatures were obtained with olive pomace, sawdust and dry leaves, indicating a good progression of the degradation process of the biowaste mixed withthese carbonaceous materials. As for paper/cardboard, the results show a less intense microbial activity where the maximum temperatures did not exceed 37.5°C in the piles and composters where the biowaste was mixed with this carbon input. These results allow us to conclude that paper/cardboard as a carbon input is not recommended because its presence in the substrate prevents the smooth running of the composting process: poor oxygen circulation, which slows down the degradation of the biowaste and produces foul odours.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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22. Expérimenter la concertation : une clé pour des politiquesenvironnementales plus efficaces ? Une démarche multi-acteurs innovante en Tunisie centrale.
- Author
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Braiki, Houssem, Burte, Julien, Imache, Amar, Hassenforder, Emeline, Habaieb, Hamadi, and Bouarfa, Sami
- Abstract
Copyright of Cahiers Agriculture is the property of EDP Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2018
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23. Changing cropping pattern of oilseed crops and its diversification: The case of Thar Desert, Rajasthan (1985–1986 to 2015–2016)
- Author
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Kaur Shivjeet and Singh Jasvir
- Subjects
agriculture ,cropping pattern ,desert ,diversification ,rainfall ,Oils, fats, and waxes ,TP670-699 - Abstract
India has been one of the largest producers of oilseeds in the world. Correspondingly, the oilseed sector occupies an important position in the agricultural economy of the country. Oilseeds, especially edible oilseeds, have been an integral part of the cropping system in India till the beginning of monoculture triggered by the implementation of a new agriculture strategy since 1960s. This paper evaluates the cropping pattern of oilseed diversity in the Thar Desert of Rajasthan at district level. This paper also highlights the development programmes launched by state and central governments to promote oilseeds production in dry region of the state. Many statistical techniques are used, for instance, Herfindahl Index, Entropy Index, and Composite Entropy Index, to examine the diversification and specialization in oilseeds.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Éléments théoriques en agroécologie: l'intensivité écologique.
- Author
-
Griffon, Michel
- Abstract
Copyright of Oilseeds & Fats, Crops & Lipids (OCL) is the property of EDP Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2017
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25. Sustainability of Food Systems in the Mediterranean Region
- Author
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Roberto CAPONE, Vincenzo Fersino, Eleni Stamataki, Manuela Cerezo, Myriam Kessari, Sandro DERNINI, and Hamid EL BILALI
- Subjects
sustainability ,sustainable food system ,sustainable diets ,agriculture ,mediterranean diet ,innovation ,covid-19 ,sdgs ,ciheam ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 ,Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 ,Commercial geography. Economic geography ,HF1021-1027 - Abstract
Despite the recurring discourse on food systems and their sustainability in the Mediterranean region, compre-hensive studies are hard to find. Therefore, this article provides an overview on the challenges and perspectives of food systems in the Mediterranean. In particular, the paper addresses the main challenges (environmental, economic, socio-cultural and nutrition-health) facing Mediterranean food systems; analyses the multifaceted relations between sustainable food systems (SFS) and sustainable diets by exploring the example of the Medi-terranean diet; and briefly presents the relevance of the innovation for Mediterranean food systems. The paper highlights the urgency of action to move towards sustainable and resilient food systems in the Mediterranean area. This is particularly relevant in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. For that, there is a need for shared policy, governance, practice and research agenda. In this respect, the contribution of CIHEAM results fundamental. The paper concludes by highlighting the disruptive potential of the SFS-Med Platform – under co-development by CIHEAM, FAO and the Union for the Mediterranean (UfM) – to foster food systems trans-formation towards sustainability and accelerate the achievement of SDGs in the region.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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26. Legal Mobilization and Climate Change: The Role of Law in Wicked Problems
- Author
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Anna-Maria Marshall and Susan M Sterett
- Subjects
Climate change ,legal mobilization ,adaptation ,sub-national courts ,environmental law ,human rights ,agriculture ,Cambio climático ,movilización jurídica ,adaptación ,tribunales subnacionales ,derecho ambiental ,derechos humanos ,agricultura ,Social legislation ,K7585-7595 - Abstract
Climate change is a wicked problem, a framework not often used in sociolegal studies. The problem is complex, not readily named, and not limited to one jurisdiction. Therefore, the places of law are multiple: human rights instruments, supranational tribunals, regional courts, and local governments and NGOS. Litigation concerning responsibility for greenhouse gas emissions has largely not resulted in favorable judgments, and the papers in this collection turn to other ways of conceptualizing law and courts in responding to climate change. Relevant legal strategies include environmental legal enforcement, but also changes in investment, and response to the many disasters that are related to climate change. The papers in this collection travel across jurisdictions, actors and problems to assess legal strategies concerning climate change. El cambio climático es un problema perverso, un marco poco usado en los estudios sociojurídicos. El problema es complejo, de difícil denominación, y no está limitado a una sola jurisdicción. Por lo tanto, el derecho tiene muchos espacios: instrumentos de derechos humanos, tribunales supranacionales, juzgados regionales y gobiernos y ONG locales. Los litigios sobre responsabilidades por emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero no han solido acabar con veredictos favorables, y los artículos de esta colección miran hacia otras formas de conceptualizar el derecho y los tribunales como respuesta al cambio climático. Estrategias legales importantes incluyen la aplicación del derecho, pero también cambios en inversiones y respuestas a los múltiples desastres relacionados con el cambio climático. Los artículos de este número navegan por varias jurisdicciones, agentes y problemas para valorar las estrategias jurídicas sobre cambio climático. Available from: https://doi.org/10.35295/osls.iisl/0000-0000-0000-1059
- Published
- 2019
27. Une terre commune dans le village ? Relations village-État et économie morale au travers de la biographie d'une parcelle dans le centre du Myanmar.
- Author
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Huard, Stéphen
- Abstract
Copyright of Natures Sciences Sociétés is the property of EDP Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2016
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28. Co-click'eau: une démarche d'intermédiation pour la construction d'une action collective locale?
- Author
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Gisclard, Marie, Chantre, Émilia, Cerf, Marianne, and Guichard, Laurence
- Abstract
Copyright of Natures Sciences Sociétés is the property of EDP Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2015
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29. A regional agricultural model for reallocation of water resources in central-eastern Tunisia
- Author
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Houcine JEDER, Zina DBOUBA, and Ayoub FOUZAI
- Subjects
water resources ,agriculture ,reallocation ,aggregated ,regional model ,kalâa kebira ,central east tunisia ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 ,Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 ,Commercial geography. Economic geography ,HF1021-1027 - Abstract
"Good management of water resources requires a good allocation of their availability, especially in public irrigated schemes in Tunisia. This paper contributes to a better reallocation of available water resources at the farm and regional levels. A case study was discussed in the Kalâa Kebira region, in the center-east of Tunisia. Regional models based on aggregation and the possibility of water transfer between two irrigated schemes was tested. The results show that a good seasonal allocation is possible with a total regional exchange of 9.60% m3 of water available between these two schemes. This reallocation is beneficial at the regional level, recording an increase of 2.12% in agricultural income and less beneficial, except for farms that are less competitive, in terms of use of water resources. This reallocation also allows for cultural diversity and specification of agricultural farms. Competitiveness in the water use, diversification and specification of agricultural production systems help to preserve natural resources but they also help to satisfy demand of the regional market.Good management of water resources requires a good allocation of their availability, especially in public irrigated schemes in Tunisia. This paper contributes to a better reallocation of available water resources at the farm and regional levels. A case study was discussed in the Kalâa Kebira region, in the center-east of Tunisia. Regional models based on aggregation and the possibility of water transfer between two irrigated schemes was tested. The results show that a good seasonal allocation is possible with a total regional exchange of 9.60% m3 of water available between these two schemes. This reallocation is beneficial at the regional level, recording an increase of 2.12% in agricultural income and less beneficial, except for farms that are less competitive, in terms of use of water resources. This reallocation also allows for cultural diversity and specification of agricultural farms. Competitiveness in the water use, diversification and specification of agricultural production systems help to preserve natural resources but they also help to satisfy demand of the regional market."
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Hello Can You Hear me? On Climate Change: Inequalities And Gender Vulnerability In Benin
- Author
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Sèdjro Cakpo Rodrigue DOSSOU-CADJA
- Subjects
(Modeling ,Climate Change ,Gender Vulnerability ,Index ,Agriculture ,Inequalities). ,Mathematical geography. Cartography ,GA1-1776 ,Land use ,HD101-1395.5 - Abstract
This paper focuses on gender mainstreaming in modeling the impacts of climate change by development sector. Inspired by the methodologies of the Guillaumont economic vulnerability index (2008, 2009) and the UNDP poverty vulnerability ratio (2011), a synthetic index called the ‘Index of Inequality of Gender Vulnerability to Climate Change (IIGVcc)’, which is a modeling by development sector, of vulnerability inequalities to climate change between men and women, is proposed. From the data of the second edition of the integrated modular survey on the living conditions of households in Benin (EMICOV, 2011), this paper makes a concrete application of the IIGVcc for the Beninese agricultural sector. It shows that in the agricultural sector in Benin, women are about 1.1 times more vulnerable to climate change than men. The "access to land" parameter contributes to 50% of the inequalities of vulnerability, while the "instruction" parameter accounts for 37%. JEL Classification : C43, D13, O12, O13, Q12, Q18.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
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31. Les bāyu du Nepal central
- Author
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Gaborieau, Marc
- Subjects
pouvoir ,caste ,mythologie ,religion ,GTG ,SOC000000 ,Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary ,agriculture - Abstract
This communication deals with a particular class of spirits, bāyu, who are the souls of people who suffered an abnormal death and wander in this world. The author deliberately adopted the view-points of the bāyu themselves, quoting their statements as heard from the mouths of the mediums (ḍāgre) through whom they manifest themselves: their careers are thus unfolded from the moment of death till the time they are fixed in a lineage shrine and, possibly, released to join the ancestors in another world. The paper also includes a description of the choice and training of the mediums and analysis of the kinship structure in which the cult of the bāyu is developed.The material on which this paper is based was collected among both Hindus and Muslims in villages of central Nepal. But indoubtedly the cult originated among Hindus for it fits into their beliefs concerning the fate of the soul after death. It has been adopted not only by Muslims, but also by buddhist tribals; thus people belonging to various castes and professing various religions worship the bāyu, and may use the services of the same medium; the fact that this cult oversteps socially recognized barriers raises many problems which are discussed in passing.
- Published
- 2023
32. Utopiques alliances ? La construction de la cohérence discursive des mobilisations autour des circuits courts en Pays basque.
- Author
-
GOMEZ, ARMELLE and ITÇAINA, XABIER
- Subjects
UTOPIAS ,FOOD supply ,AGRICULTURE ,FOOD consumption -- Social aspects ,FOOD production ,ECONOMICS - Abstract
Copyright of Lien Social et Politiques is the property of Institut National de Recherche Scientifique (INRS) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Là où le célibat blesse. L'estimation du célibat en milieu agricole.
- Author
-
GIRAUD, Christophe
- Subjects
FARMERS ,CELIBACY ,SEXUAL abstinence -- Religious aspects ,HUMAN sexuality ,DEMOGRAPHIC surveys - Abstract
Copyright of Revue d'Etudes en Agriculture et Environnement is the property of Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. [Dog-days, cold periods, grape-harvests (France, 15-19th centuries)].
- Author
-
Le Roy Ladurie E
- Subjects
- France, History, 15th Century, History, 16th Century, History, 17th Century, History, 18th Century, History, 19th Century, Vitis, Agriculture history, Climate, Hot Temperature
- Abstract
Dog-days, cold periods, grape-harvests (France, 15-19th centuries). The climate history can be based on several kinds of data. In the present paper, French records of grape-harvest dates in Burgundy from 1370 to 1890 were used for evaluate the climates at these various period of time. These results reveal that temperatures as high as those reached in the 1990s have occurred several times in Burgundy since 1370. Correlations between temperatures and historic data are presented.
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Protection de l'eau et agriculture: une négociation au long cours.
- Author
-
Hellec, Florence, Barataud, Fabienne, and Martin, Laura
- Subjects
AGRICULTURE ,WATER supply ,CONSERVATION of natural resources ,FARMERS ,GOVERNMENT corporations - Abstract
Copyright of Natures Sciences Sociétés is the property of EDP Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Moins de technique, plus de nature: pour une heuristique des pratiques d'écologisation de l'agriculture.
- Author
-
Barbier, Jean-Marc and Goulet, Frédéric
- Subjects
AGRICULTURAL ecology ,AGRONOMY ,FARMERS ,AGRICULTURE ,AGRICULTURAL technology ,AGRICULTURAL scientists - Abstract
Copyright of Natures Sciences Sociétés is the property of EDP Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Comités d'éthique : une évaluation des plantes transgéniques indépendante ?
- Author
-
Baudoin, Catherine
- Subjects
TRANSGENIC plants ,ETHICS committees ,AGRICULTURAL research ,MEMBERSHIP - Abstract
Copyright of Natures Sciences Sociétés is the property of EDP Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Les émotions comme lien entre l'action collective et l'activité professionnelle : le cas de l'agriculture biologique.
- Author
-
Van Dam, Denise, Nizet, Jean, and Streith, Michel
- Subjects
EMOTIONS ,ORGANIC farming ,COLLECTIVE action ,PSYCHOLOGICAL typologies ,AGRICULTURE ,SOCIAL action - Abstract
Copyright of Natures Sciences Sociétés is the property of EDP Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Reconstruction personnelle et critique sociale. Enjeux politiques de la réinsertion des anciens combattants par l'agriculture.
- Author
-
DOIDY, ERIC
- Subjects
REINTEGRATION of veterans ,POST-traumatic stress disorder ,AGRICULTURE ,EMPLOYMENT of veterans ,SERVICES for veterans ,MENTAL health services for veterans ,AMERICAN veterans ,ENVIRONMENTAL psychology ,NEW Age movement ,FARMS ,THERAPEUTICS - Abstract
Copyright of Lien Social et Politiques is the property of Institut National de Recherche Scientifique (INRS) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. PERCEPTION : UN ETAT INTENTIONNEL ?
- Author
-
Locatelli, Roberta
- Subjects
SENSORY perception ,INTENTIONALITY (Philosophy) ,PHILOSOPHY ,PHENOMENOLOGY ,LANGUAGE & languages ,SEMANTICS - Abstract
It is close to current orthodoxy in analytic philosophy that perception is an intentional state. In this paper I will provide some evidence to doubt the alleged triviality of this claim. In fact, intentionality is a semantical notion and perception has, at least in a basic sense, no semantic nature. I will individuate some general features of intentionality and I will show that they cannot be consistently applied to perception. As a conclusion, I will roughly sketch an alternative non-intentional view of perception. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2010
41. Financing climate change in the conditions of the Slovak agricultural sector
- Author
-
Holúbek Ivan, Tóth Marián, Rábek Tomáš, and Jakabovičová Johana
- Subjects
agriculture ,climate change ,adaptation ,financing ,common eu agricultural policy ,Social Sciences - Abstract
Research background: Globalization is a powerful engine of structural changes in national, regional and global economies. Except for positive economic effects, globalization also has negative effects. One of them is the deterioration of the global environmental situation and the ongoing global climate change. Purpose of the article: The paper focuses on the current global financing trends to mitigate the effects of climate change. Generally financial funds come from international, national and regional actors. Governments have a range of funding mechanisms and resources at their disposal. Within the EU, these are the Structural Funds, investment funds and the financing from European Investment Bank. At the national level, it is financial assistance from state budgets and local government budgets. Methods: The paper provides literature review of the possibilities of financing climate change at the national and international level and, using analysis and synthesis, points to future trends and sources of financing climate change. We also analyse the proposal of Common agricultural policy 2021-2027 and effects on Slovak agriculture. European Commission wants member states to use up to 40% of the budget for environmental goods and climate change. Slovakia might have problems to spend the allocation due to the fact, that most of the money will be voluntary schemes. Farmers will have the option to participate. Findings & Value added: Agriculture is seriously exposed to the adverse effects of climate change as agricultural activities are directly depending on climate conditions. The article analyses in detail the possibilities and sources of financing adaptation measures in the Slovak agricultural sector.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Comparison of Public Risk Management Tools in Slovak Agriculture
- Author
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Boháčiková Andrea, Bencová Tatiana, and Rábek Tomáš
- Subjects
risk management tools ,agriculture ,income stabilization ,cap ,Social Sciences - Abstract
Research background: Risk in agriculture is a difficult concept to recognize, because farmers are exposed to different types of risks that influence their agricultural activity. The stability of farmer´s income is threatened by various factor interconnected to each other, such as market risks (price volatility, market shocks), financial risks (indebtedness, loans and credits), production risks (climate change, pests and diseases, biosecurity), technological risk (digitization, technological progress), institutional risk (regulations, environment and tax policy), and human resource risk (physical and mental health). Therefore, for the farmers it is very challenging to implement appropriate and effective risk management tools, in order to stabilize their income. Purpose of the article: Risk management offers a variety of strategies and instruments on the farm or aggregate level to copy with the risk. Also in the Pillar II of CAP 2014-2020 were introduced new risk management tools, as a response to greater price and yield variability among European countries. In the paper, we decided to analyse and compare several public risk management tools that can farmers use to increase their welfare and stabilize income. Methods: The national agricultural policies, as well as CAP are aimed at compensating farmers for the negative effects, however it is not so easy to govern and implement the tools on the farm level. The paper provides a comparative analysis of selected tools that are the most suitable for Slovak agricultural producers. Findings & Value added: The results of the paper can give the farmers ability to compare and choose between public risk management tools that could be used for risk exposure.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. How to deal with global concept of Risk in Agriculture? Comparative overview of the literature
- Author
-
Bencová Tatiana and Boháčiková Andrea
- Subjects
agriculture ,global concept of risk factors ,risk management ,risk perceptions ,Social Sciences - Abstract
Research background: Risk is an important aspect of the agriculture business. The uncertainties inherent in the changes in input and output prices, climate and biological variables, agricultural policies and government decisions, global markets and the volatility, sales, world trends in the consumption, environmental legislation and other factors that impact agriculture can cause big differences in farm production and in general in farm income. Purpose of the article: The aim of the paper is twofold. The first task is to survey and classify the main types of risks in agriculture, risk evaluation methods, approaches for estimation and to present the applications of these methods across the literature. The second aim is to point out how to measure the risk in agriculture enterprises. Methods: In the recent years, there was an increase in the number of risk studies with potential to further deepen and develop the previous studies. This study provides a literature overview of risk studies in agriculture. More specifically, this paper discusses the sources of risk in agriculture, summarizes the literature and methods of measuring the risk and comments the problems with risk evaluation in agriculture. Findings & Value added: The objective of this paper is to provide the methodological conclusions for further research about risks in agriculture and opportunities of risk evaluation. This review is expected to prompt researchers to perform new theoretical studies and stimulate to analyse and measure risks in agriculture.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Programmes agri-environnementaux en présence d'effets de seuils.
- Author
-
Dupraz, Pierre, LaTouche, Karine, and Turpin, Nadine
- Subjects
AGRICULTURE ,ECOLOGY ,FARMERS ,COST effectiveness ,INDUSTRIAL costs ,ENVIRONMENTAL policy ,ENVIRONMENTAL economics ,ECONOMIC models ,MATHEMATICAL models ,ECONOMIES of scale - Abstract
Copyright of Cahiers d'Economie et Sociologie Rurales is the property of Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2007
45. Family farming in an Amazonian frontier: the sedentarisation in question
- Author
-
Arnauld de Sartre, Xavier
- Subjects
- *
FAMILY farms , *AGRICULTURE , *FARMERS , *FRONTIER & pioneer life , *INTERNAL migration - Abstract
In the Amazonian context, some authors analyze the evolution of the agricultural frontier as a pre-determinated dynamic: the stabilization of the frontier, which has been colonized by family farmers, would repeat the Brazilian model of land tenure, with the domination of big properties and the marginalization of family farming. This paper is based on the hypothesis that the stabilization of the frontier depends on sedentarization strategies of the farmers: alongside public politics and the economic context, examining migration choices of family farmers is essential to understand the type of frontier stabilization occurring. Those strategies can not be seen as an economically rationalistic behaviour, but depends on the reproduction logics of the families. This paper focuses on the migrations of the farmers’ sons in the Transamazonian frontier in order to reveal the strategies of their families’ mobility, and their complex relations with the space and the society. Concluding with a statistical analysis showing that there is no factor explaining the whole migrations of the sons, I present a qualitative analysis in order to establish a typology of farmer families according to their mobility practices; and I attempt to map this typology to show its importance in different localities over 30 years. Finally, I point out that the stabilization of the frontier is closely linked with the families’ strategies, and that the debate on sedentarization requires a more complex model of the relations between social organization and land. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Understanding Market Participation Choices and Decisions of Maize and Cowpea Farmers in Northern Nigeria
- Author
-
Mignouna, DB., Abdoulaye, T., Akinola, AA., Kamara, AY., and Oluoch, M.
- Subjects
Market participation ,Double ,Hurdle model ,Maize ,Cowpea ,Nigeria ,Agriculture - Abstract
Alleviating poverty and reducing food insecurity have received close critical attention from many researchers in sub-Saharan Africa. Farmers' participation in agricultural markets has been seen as a potent strategy for improving their livelihoods. This paper applies econometrics to farm survey data from Bauchi and Kano states as major maize and cowpea growing areas hit by one of the most important root parasites known as Striga to determine the factors behind farmers' decisions about participation in the agricultural market and the volume of their output to be marketed. Relevant data was collected from 600 households in both states and results from the Double-Hurdle model indicated that price and non-price constraints played significant roles in determining decisions on participation in the markets for both maize and cowpea. Household and total farm sizes, price and ease of transportation through access to motorized equipment were positively related to decision to participate in the maize market. However, the volume of sale of traded produce was influenced by location-specific variable which underscores socio-economic and population-related factors favoring market access that are present more in Kano than in Bauchi. Age of the household head and total farm size were significantly related to decision to participate in the cowpea market while results of the second stage of the model indicate that access to mobile phone and location variable affect positively the volume of cowpea sold. The role of price was conspicuous in both produce markets as the main incentive for households' participation. The paper concludes with policy implications aimed at providing better market opportunities to farmers thereby improving their welfare in northern Nigeria and other areas with similar socio-economic and bio-physical conditions in West Africa.
- Published
- 2016
47. [Agrarian overpopulation and household structure in Saguenay (1881-1931)].
- Author
-
Bouchard G
- Subjects
- Americas, Canada, Conservation of Natural Resources, Developed Countries, Economics, North America, Agriculture, Family Characteristics, Population Dynamics, Socioeconomic Factors
- Abstract
"Our paper investigates the effect of land shortage in the Saguenay region [of Quebec, Canada,] upon the household structures, more precisely on the frequency of a) complex structures, b) celibacy, c) cohabitation with strangers (non-relatives). The data come from 28 parish censuses of the period 1881-1931. For each of these three indicators, findings show that the saturation of arable land did not entail significant changes." (SUMMARY IN ENG), (excerpt)
- Published
- 1994
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Trajectoire intellectuelle d'une political ecology « latino-américaine » : une relecture émancipatrice des crises sociales et écologiques ?
- Author
-
Jenatton, Morgan, Lamine, Claire, Morales, Helda, Durand, Leticia, and Brandenburg, Alfio
- Subjects
POLITICAL ecology - Abstract
Copyright of Natures Sciences Sociétés is the property of EDP Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Food Barley in North Africa: state of art and opportunities for development
- Author
-
Ghizlane Salih, Abderrazek Jilal, Miguel Sanchez Garcia, and Andrea Visioni
- Subjects
orge alimentaire ,afrique du nord ,état de l’art ,opportunités ,défis ,Agriculture - Abstract
North Africa is facing multiple challenges that threaten food security of their main staple food such as cereals. Being the old basic food cereal of North African countries, barley has shown its prominence for areas with limited resources, for the nutritional security and for the prevention of the century’s diet-related diseases. Based on literature data (from 1921 to 2020) and FAO statistical data (from 1961 to 2019), it was shown that barley is the ancient staple cereal of the North African population and its importance for resource-limited regions. This paper is a detailed analysis about the evolution of food barley in North African countries for the last six decades, focusing on how the trends of different barley elements have been changed and the current opportunities of this resilient crop to be part of the production system and the healthy diet of the North African future generations.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Literature review on Water Productivity of date palm trees in Tunisian agro systems
- Author
-
Latifa Dhaouadi, Sihem Ben Maachia, Ahmed Namsi, Ferdous Abouthief, Kamel Nagaz, and Mohamed Moncef Masmoudi
- Subjects
Agriculture - Abstract
The sustainability of agricultural productivity is closely related to the optimal exploitation of natural resources, namely the efficient water resources management. The evaluation of the effectiveness of the adopted strategies and the applied practices and systems relies on a number of criteria and parameters of which water productivity indices represent the most relevant criteria. In this context, the present study aims to assess the water productivity for date palm cultivation in Tunisia based on an accurate literature review of the previously published scientific papers and reports related to the different studies carried out in these agro-oases regions of the country for the evaluation of the different indices of water productivity. This review represents the main baseline document highlighting in an exhaustive way the challenging features related to water productivity for date palm agro-systems. The outcome of this review indicates that (i) the cultivated date surface is expanding, covering more than 58.000 ha with a total production of 355.000 tons in 2021(ii) the distribution of irrigation water is variable and irregular. iii) The reported water supply for date palm range from 20,000 to 30,000 m3/ha while a number of scientific-based calculations estimate the crop water requirements for regular date palm production is between 10,000 and 18,000 m3/ha (iv) the efficiency of water conservation techniques is related to numerous in farm factors related to the old traditional surface irrigation systems, to the soil salinization, alkalization and permeability loss and to the overexploitation issues of water resources that reaching is growing and may impact the productivity of date palms and sustainability of the production system (v) the estimation of the biophysical water productivity based on the reported data reaching barely 0.66kg/m3. This overview highlights the need for an accurate evaluation of the ecological efficiency of the used management measures to a clear appreciation of the new strategies and policies to face the current constraints with regard to all different driving forces influencing water productivity both at the macro and micro scale.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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