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Copyright of Les Cahiers du CREAD is the property of Centre de Rrecherche en Economie Appliquee pour Developpement and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cahiers Agriculture is the property of EDP Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Interstudia is the property of Alma Mater and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Estudios Andaluces is the property of Revista de Estudios Andaluces and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Nature & Technology / Nature & Technologie is the property of Nature et Technologie Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Vie et Sciences de l'Entreprise is the property of ANDESE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of ESSACHESS is the property of ESSACHESS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Synergies Europe is the property of GERFLINT (Groupe d'Etudes et de Recherches pour le Francais Langue Internationale) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this paper we provide a linguistic analysis of a recently digitized Luso-Moroccan correspondence corpus kept in the Portuguese National Archives of Torre do Tombo. All these documents date back to the first half of the tenth/sixteenth century and stand out for their being written in Middle Arabic, a language register which is characterized by the use of features from both classical and colloquial Arabic. The ultimate aim of this study is to find some clue to enable us to trace the history of present-day Moroccan Arabic dialects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The embassy report of the Moroccan Idrîss al-Ğu‘aydî in France, Belgium, England and Italy during the summer of 1876, Ithâf al-‘akhyâr (Of the curiosities of Europe which amaze honest people) is important in several respects. After its recent translated into French, this paper tries to raise at least three points within it: first, its international political context and i internal motives; then, the impact of the industrial revolution upon the members of the embassy, as seen through the precious testimony of the narrator; and finally the means both linguistic and iconic used by the author to translate from the European mirror to the Moroccan reader the image of a modernity so far unimaginable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Sub Saharan Review of Economics & Finance / Revue Sub-Saharienne d'Economie et de Finance is the property of Editions Dianoia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Since the outbreak of the Hirak in 2016, land issues have emerged as a new framework for social mobilization, and this goes far beyond the city of Al Hoceima, the starting point of the Hirak. The land issue, in connection with the territory, is posed with acuteness in the territories of cannabis production, whether in Tlata de Ketama or in the commune of Raya Suahal. Thus, activists blocked the departure of a military helicopter in 2017 as a sign of protest against the annexation of agricultural lands used by cultivators of cannabis. With the legalization of cannabis, the land issue arises as a condition for legal production of therapeutic and industrial cannabis. This paper seeks to explore the triangular relationship between cannabis, territory and land in the central Rif: it analyzes the aspects of this triangulation which engage the success of the legalization of cannabis for both therapeutic and industrial purposes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drawing on the ethnographic observation of three singular spaces in northern Morocco – a morgue, a “forest” and a presbytery – the paper explores the interconnections between migration experience and border violence from the perspective of migrants themselves. It demonstrates that migrants face at least three forms of border violence, emerging all at once from state control, networks of irregular migration, and humanitarianism. However, rather than being articulated in a cumulative relationship, these different forms of violence converge and reinforce each other within a continuum which permeates the migration trajectory. Migrants, for their part, are not mere objects of this continuum. Not only do they define practices to counter its effects – even if it means generating violence against their peers – but they also reinterpret the experience of violence in moral narratives that value risks in migration, while not naturalizing their exposure to death at the border. Migrants are thus actors in their own right of the “manufacture” of both the border and its composing violence, whether they oppose, or appropriate its effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revue Tiers Monde is the property of Librairie Armand Colin and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper aims to establish a map of the flood risk of the coastal plain of Saïdia located on the Mediterranean coast of north-eastern Morocco. This plain is enclosed between rivers : the Moulouya in the West and the Kiss in the East. It is bordered to the south by the Ouled Mansour Mountains. These are sheared by very steep ravines that empty directly into the plain. The groundwater is very shallow. This background coupled with geomorphic coastal development promotes the current flood risk. In this paper, the methodology is based on the structuring in a geographic information system (GIS), remote sensing data, products derived from a digital elevation model (DEM) and external data (lithology, the groundwater level, etc.). The analytical approach consists of a digital processing of a GeoEye-1 satellite image and aerial photographs to map the surface states, an extraction phase of topographic attributes and geomorphology of the land, represented by the digital elevation model (DEM) and a phase of structuring information for spatial analysis in a GIS. These investigations allowed the construction of two maps : the map of vulnerability to flood and the map of hazards. The vulnerability map shows that very high vulnerability areas represent 57% of the site and correspond to areas of inter-dunes flat formed by deposits of fine clay, and characterized by lowland sector (0-4 m). The hazard map refers to the land cover. The superposition of these two maps helped to establish the map flood risk. This thematic map shows that approximately 43% of the territory considered is located in high to very high flood risk areas, and correspond to the banks of the Moulouya and the kiss rivers and to the marshes of the Moulouya River, and to the sector on which the new Saidia resort is built. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revue d'Etudes en Agriculture et Environnement is the property of Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Mondes en Developpement is the property of De Boeck Universite and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Mondes en Developpement is the property of De Boeck Universite and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper addresses the book Viagens em Marrocos by Ruy da Câmara, published in 1879. Less a travel diary than the draft of an essay on Morocco from a personal experience and a diversity of sources, this book is the oldest in Portugal on this topic and it is very little known. The general appreciation of the territory, its culture and its inhabitants is largely negative, because of a Eurocentric approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: A paleolimnological study can be particularly accurate in situations where the species found in the sediments have persisted in the same lake and can provide a direct modern analogue for interpretation. Lake Tigalmamine, thus, represents an exceptionally favourable context, compared to most paleolakes in North Africa, as this site allows comparing the fossil remains of the Characeae to those produced by the living plants. Tigalmamine is a hydrosystem composed of three karstic lakes located at 1626m above sea level in the Middle Atlas of Morocco. The site had been the subject of a 16m long core taken in the center of the central lake under 16m of water (core C 86 in Lamb and Kaars, 1995 [The Holocene 5 (1995) 400–408]). The section represents the total of the Holocene from 10,200 BP to Present (El Hamouti et al., 1991 [Comptes Rendus de l’Académie des Sciences de Paris 2 (1991) 259–265]; Lamb et al., 1995 [Nature 373 (1995) 134–137]). The latter published a synthesis of the pluridisciplinary studies conducted on this core. Also, the numerous gyrogonites isolated from that core had been determined as Chara hispida (Soulié-Märsche in Benkaddour, 1993 [Changements hydrologiques et climatiques dans le Moyen-Atlas marocain : chronologie, minéralogie, géochimie isotopique et élémentaire des sédiments lacustres de Tigalmamine. PhD thesis, Université Paris-Sud, Orsay (inédit)]). Further fieldwork at Tigalmamine by the authors of the present paper in year 2000 showed that Chara hispida is still present in the lake where it forms a belt of submerged vegetation restricted to the range of 2 to 9m water depth. This paper describes the morphological and ecological characteristics of the extant Chara hispida as a reference for the interpretation of the fossil remains. Based on these data, the frequency changes of the gyrogonites in the core sediments become significant in terms of bathymetry. The detailed analysis of the charophytes from the core, as a complement to the previous studies, confirms the existence of four Holocene phases with lake level low stand at Tigalmamine. The aim of the present study is to enhance the value of the charophytes as a useful complementary tool for paleolimnological reconstruction. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: We have been sometimes forced to notice that there are forgotten rupestral arts: until recently, they were only studied by explorers or informed travellers and are rarely reported in the scientific literature. This is in part the case of engravings in the Moroccan High Atlas to which I have devoted my research (Ezziani, 2002, 2004a, 2004b). J Malhomme is among the people who were most invested in their investigation. He spent ten years in noting and collecting a considerable number of engravings: more than one thousand figures dispersed on the sides of the Atlas in places of difficult access at more than 2000 masl. He published many papers about his discoveries, which led to the publication of a remarkable corpus in two parts (Malhomme, 1959–1961). However, this corpus is far from being exhaustive. Recently, A. Rodrigue carried out new and excellent drawings within his research activity (1996). He added to the corpus of Malhomme a large number of figures discovered by A. Simoneau (1967, 1968, 1970), A. Jodin (1964, 1966) (two other researchers who have been closely interested in the High Atlas engravings) and himself, but unfortunately some engravings were damaged: whole flagstones have disappeared, so that the original drawings from Malhomme still remain very useful. All these data constituted the documentation base of my own work. In this paper, first I review some classification methods, then I propose my own and point out the inherent difficulties in this task. I conclude with a proposal for an outline of the structure of the High Atlas engravings. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The article examines the formalization of employment in Morocco, focusing on the recognition of domestic workers as salaried employees. It delves into the legislative process and the challenges faced in granting employee status to domestic workers, shedding light on the complex dynamics between various stakeholders and the evolution of social policy debates in Morocco's employment sector amidst international pressures and local contestations.

Copyright of Langage & Societe is the property of Fondation Maison des Sciences de l'Homme and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Maghreb - Machrek is the property of Editions ESKA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revue Francophone des Laboratoires is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revue d'Économie Régionale & urbaine is the property of Librairie Armand Colin and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

It is conventionally stated that organized action is impossible in large-scale irrigation schemes in North Africa, at a time of profound changes in these schemes (decline of central coordination modes, appearance of new actors, diminishing role of the State), and of negative experiences with state-created cooperatives and water users' associations. We believe, on the contrary, that organized action plays a central role in these changes. We analyze the process by which formal and informal cooperative practices of irrigators are crafted, stabilized and coordinated in large-scale irrigation schemes in Morocco and Algeria. There exists a wide range of organized action, often informal but enabling farmers to adapt progressively to change. These practices concern land and water management, purchase of inputs and marketing, as well as local development. In agriculture and social development, these cooperative practices are increasingly institutionalized. The paper shows that organized action enables irrigators to reinforce their autonomy and to renegotiate their dependence with respect to the State. Given the vigour of organized action in irrigation schemes, we recommend that its contribution to the formulation of public policies be analysed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the work undertaken to study impacts of climatic changes on the groundwater recharge at the watershed N'Fis (Haouz Marrakech-Maroc). The data from 13 piezometric stations and 4 meteorological stations spanning from 16 to 37 year periods database with other spatial data (soil occupation, DEM etc.) were integrated in a user-friendly environment through GIS. The objective is to make a preliminary assessment of potential impacts of climate change on groundwater resources .The result shows that the piezometric fluctuations are not influenced by these variations, but they depend mainly on irrigation return. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The El Harhoura 2 cave is situated in the commune of El Harhoura in the Temara region (Morocco). The entrance faces west, towards the ocean, around 200 m away from the current shoreline and about 16 m above sea level. The stratigraphy has currently 11 levels numbered from top to bottom. Level 1 is attributed to the early Neolithic. The archaeological material from level 2 places it within the Upper Palaeolithic (Iberomaurusian). Levels 3 to 11 are assigned to the Middle Palaeolithic (Aterian). Since 1977, a surface of 37 m2 has been excavated, yielding particularly abundant remains of a large mammal fauna study in this paper. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Copyright of Anthropologica is the property of CASCA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cultures et Conflits is the property of Centre d'Etudes sur les Conflits, Revue Cultures & Conflits and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revue Française de Gestion is the property of John Libbey Eurotext Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Cretaceous Research is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Revue Tiers Monde is the property of Librairie Armand Colin and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Politique Africaine is the property of Karthala Editions Diffusion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of EPPO Bulletin is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Arabization of sciences, and especially of the language of the sciences, poses problems because of poor coordination among institutions and countries and because of the Arabic language itself. Instruction in French is still the best solution while Arabization becomes established. (MSE)

Educational issues arising from French's ambiguous status in Morocco are discussed, and a case is made for establishing French as a support language. Objectives and a methodology are suggested. (MSE)

In the process of Arabization of Morocco, it is necessary to maintain French language instruciton, but as a necessary foreign language and not as a primary language. French remains an important part of Morocco's diverse cultural identity. (MSE)