Search

Three studies evaluate rewritings by students from 8 to 12 years old who used a resource texts database. This paper stresses the importance of the semantic treatment in the processes of writing and rewriting, describes the rewriting assistance system, and introduces to some important results. The students who use the system rewrite more, add macrostructure propositions and produce original propositions rather than propositions borrowed from the resource texts; the system helps the unskilled writers; access to the resource texts by criteria is more helpful than free navigation; the students who learned how to rewrite with the computer system succeed in better using the paper resource texts and transfer their skills to other text genres., Les trois expériences rapportées dans cet article ont pour but d'évaluer les effets d'une base de données textuelles, le logiciel expérimental Scripertexte, sur la révision et la réécriture de récits chez des élèves de huit à douze ans. La première expérience mesure les effets de ce dispositif sur l'amélioration des textes. La deuxième compare les effets de deux modes de navigation dans le logiciel. La troisième cherche à évaluer les apprentissages après trois ans d'utilisation de l'outil.

In this paper, it is shown that the speech production system can be explained from deforming an acoustic tube with the objective of producing sounds with both ieconomy of effortî and maximum acoustic contrast between one another. This deductive approach automatically infers standard places of articulation for vowels and consonants, thereby identifying physical bases for phonological distinctions. A brief discussion of the implications of the findings concludes the paper., Carré René. Émergence des systèmes phonologiques.. In: Langages, 36ᵉ année, n°146, 2002. L'origine du langage, sous la direction de Bernard Laks et Bernard Victorri. pp. 70-79.

6. A. Wierzbicka, « The universal of grammar » This paper explores the area of universal grammar, a concept which, in the context of natural semantics, is to be understood as the set of grammatical universels and other strategies allowed as part of the natural semantic metalanguage. It is very much a tentative paper with a large number of proposals and observations which await further exploration., Wierzbicka Anna. Les universaux de la grammaire. In: Langue française, n°98, 1993. Les primitifs sémantiques, sous la direction de Bert Peeters. pp. 107-120.

This paper deals with determination in nominal predicates of "feelings". The basic hypothesis that underlies this text is that the lexico-semantic properties of nominal predicates impose constraints on their determination. That is why we put forward the idea that the theoretical framework of classes of objects permits us to describe, formalize and encode nominal predicate determination. Taking as example the class of objects of "feelings", which demonstrate a high semantico-syntactic heterogeneity, we investigate their standard or marked determination in close relation with the Support Verbs that actualize them. First, we briefly present the model of analysis of simple phrases that we adopt, that is the lexicon-grammar, then, we describe the theoretical framework of classes of objects and, finally, we study the determination in predicate nouns of feelings (of first or second degree) and their syntatic behavior as arguments after appropriate verbal, adjectival or nominal predicates., Gavrilidou Zoé. La détermination des noms de sentiment en grec moderne. In: Langages, 36ᵉ année, n°145, 2002. La détermination au regard de la diversité lexicale, sous la direction de Pierre-André Buvet. pp. 83-96.

This paper, developed within the frame of dynamic semantics combined with the precisification principle, proposes a new distinction between polysemy and vagueness. According to this distinction, a polysemous word is underspecified in relation to a set of lexicalized precisifications, whereas a vague word is underspecified in relation to a set of precisifications which are not lexicalized. It is also proposed that, notwithstanding the independence of denotative and argumentative levels, neither of these levels can be bypassed in the semantic representation. Key words: Dynamic semantics, Precisification, Underspecified, Denotative level., Heronides M. Moura. Dénotation et argumentation dans le discours. In: Langages, 35ᵉ année, n°142, 2001. Les discours intérieurs au lexique, sous la direction de Amr Helmy Ibrahim. pp. 77-91.

Dynamic annotation and experimental reading : towards a new gloss? In this paper, we present some reflections about a set of tools enabling a reader to annotate computer-readable texts. A typology of annotative acts is presented. Also are evoked relationships between annotation and other types of text representation, as mark-up, structuring within corpora, or linguistic investigation. It is argued that a computer system of annotation, as a particular type of text manipulation system, gives the user a great power in the management of reading tasks, as memorizing, structuring, reusing, etc., Virbel Jacques. Annotation dynamique et lecture expérimentale : vers une nouvelle glose ?. In: Littérature, n°96, 1994. Informatique et littérature. pp. 91-105.

The aim of this paper is to show how the use of Relevance Theory can simplify traditional analyses of a range of temporal phenomena. First, it is argued that logical descriptions of the past which treats it as ambiguous can be replaced by a pragmatic analysis which treats the past as univocal. Second, it is shown that the temporal progression characteristic of the so- called narrative past falls out from relevance-theoretic considerations, without the need for logical stipulation. Third, it is argued that a partial explanation for the interpretation of present tense sentences containing dynamic verbs can be derived from the exploitation of the idea of « interpretive use »., Smith Neil. Observations sur la pragmatique des temps. In: Langages, 27ᵉ année, n°112, 1993. Temps, référence et inférence, sous la direction de Jacques Moeschler. pp. 26-38.

M.-T. Vinet The aim of this paper is to discuss the structure of predicate constructions without a copula in French headlines. We show that the categorial selection for the syntactic realization of predication is here partly determined by the semantic properties of a lexical verbal element. We also demonstrate the role of a non-overt Aspectual head in licensing DP predicates which are obligatorily free adjuncts in this register of French. Finally, a brief comparison of predicate constructions in Moroccan Arabic serves to emphasize the universality of certain aspects of these constructions., Vinet Marie-Thérèse. L'aspect et la copule vide dans la grammaire des titres. In: Langue française, n°100, 1993. Temps et aspect dans la langue française, sous la direction de Jacqueline Guéron. pp. 83-101.