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The article assesses the state of substantive representation in Quebec provincial politics. In particular, it examines whether women, youth, allophones, and individuals with lower income or level of education are underrepresented by political parties. Citizen representation by political parties is conceptualized according to three types of ideological congruence: 1) the party being ideologically the closest to citizens; 2) the party citizens voted for; and 3) the party system. We evaluate these forms of representation on five dimensions structuring Quebec politics allowing, therefore, for a multidimensional approach to representation: the sovereigntist-federalist axis, the left-right axis, social spending, environmental spending, and immigration. Our results present a complex picture of the representation of the groups under study. Although some groups appear disadvantaged (in particular, women and low-educated citizens), no group is systematically underrepresented, and some groups are sometimes even advantaged (in particular, the youth). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents abstracts in French and English for articles within the issue on the subject of British and European social history, including "L'éducation nationale dans les îles Britanniques, 1765-1815: Variations britanniques et irlandaises sur un thème européen," by Joanna Innes on the history of national education in Great Britain; "Le bureau d'essai de Birmingham, ou la fabrique de la réputation au XVIIIe siècle," by Philippe Minard on manufacturing industries; and "Forme et fonction de la parenté chez les populations pauvres d'Angleterre, 1800-1840," on social relations and kinship amongst the English poor during the early 19th century.

The article discusses the effect of social networks and family relationships on poor people living in England during the first half of the 19th century, with information on the historiography of social conditions for the English poor during this time. Topics include debate regarding the density of local kinship networks; the functionality of English kin with relatives dependent upon welfare relief from their communities under the English and Welsh Old Poor Law; and letters written by the poor demonstrating their rhetoric and strategy for accessing their entitlement.