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The aim of this paper is to answer the question of whether the use of the Polish language by students during the workshops of creative language behaviors in philological studies hinders or facilitates students’ learning of French as a foreign language. In the first part of the paper, we specify the properties of creative language behaviors and their development in the learners of French as a foreign language, then we characterize the creative language behavior workshops organized for our students of French as a foreign language, and finally we discuss the results of our research concerning the use of the Polish language by students during the above-mentioned workshops.

The paper describes two main methods of teaching text translation, applied in courses of literary and specialized texts translation for a general public, and in a specialized course of translation for MA advanced students. In both methods the use of Polish language as a mother tongue is considered legitimate not only as a language of translation but also as a main vehicle of communication in the process of acquiring translation skills. This role of the mother tongue is extremely important in defining the translation brief and in the evaluation of target texts. The article provides several examples in order to illustrate and justify this thesis.

The aim of this paper is to show the deep relationship between the second marriage as a juridical and political problem in France in 1560 and the critical method of the « juridical humanism » used by Le Caron, based on the desacralization of the Roman law (by using philosophical and historical references) and the glorification of the French language and civilization. In that extent, the Commentaire sur l’edict des secondes nopces (1560) may be seen as an exercise of « illustration » of the French juridical language (refering to the literary context of the marriage) and praise of the king of France (paterfamilias and lawgiver).

The present paper is an attempt supplying proofs that gestural signs are almost like standard linguistic signs. It is claimed that language gestures exhibit numerous properties of classical linguistic signs conceived of as in the works of de Saussure. The dividing line between the two pertains, in essence, to the type of motivation between the signifier and the signified, found within gestural, but not linguistic signs. There is a conspicuous connection between the two aspects of the sign within various kinds of gestures, including volitional ones (most akin to speech acts or „la parole” of the Saussure) as well as within those which are not performed on purpose (called „sylinguistic” gestures).

The paper describes the linguistic paradox from a semantic point of view, in particular the mechanisms involved in paradox neutralization in a context. The theoretical and methodological perspective of the study, linked to the current stemming from French structural semantics, lays a particular emphasis on mutual relations between the analyzed elements, though considered in a micro- and macrosemantic context. Special attention is paid to basic types of paradox neutralization: semantic dissimulation (as to time, optics and point of view) and semantic assimilation, as well as tropical interpretation of a string, more exactly – metaphoric, hyperbolic and ironical.