8 results
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2. Non-Technical Cyber-Attacks and International Cybersecurity: The Case of Social Engineering
- Author
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Amal Alhosban and Nezir Akyeşilmen
- Subjects
social engineering ,cybersecurity ,human error ,international security ,phishing ,sosyal mühendislik ,siber güvenlik ,i̇nsan hatası ,uluslararası güvenlik ,oltalama. ,Social Sciences ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
This paper aims to provide an overview of social engineering attacks, and their impacts on cybersecurity, including national and international security, and figures out detection techniques, and major methods for countermeasure. How do social engineering attacks affect national and international security? And why is it so hard to cope with them? Seeking for answers to these questions, this paper applies qualitative research methods particularly literature review and case analysis. While qualitative research methods are predominantly employed, quantitative methods will also be utilized when deemed essential. Social engineering attacks, also referred to as online fraud, are a type of attack that typically necessitates minimal or no technical knowledge. Social engineering attacks, instead benefit from the weaknesses and mistakes of individuals, since the user is accepted as the weakest link in cybersecurity. Many studies have shown that the vast majority of successful cyber-attacks in the digital world are social engineering (SE) because countering them is more difficult than countering technical cyber-attacks. Based on the analysis of some major cyber-attacks such as the intervention in the 2016 US Presidential elections, the hacking of CIA director, John Brennan in 2015, and Stuxnet in 2010, the paper figures out that social engineering attacks have a tremendous impact on cybersecurity on the individual, institutional, societal, national, and international levels. Penetration tests and training for raising awareness are the prolific ways to mitigate social engineering attacks.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Important Changes in the Regulation of Loans for Residential Real Estate by Law No 134/2023
- Author
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Camelia Spasici
- Subjects
civil code ,credit agreement ,consumers ,Law ,Social Sciences ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
Consumer credit is of permanent social and economic interest and has therefore benefited from appropriate European and national regulation. In its specialised form, the credit agreement offered to consumers for residential real estate has been regulated by O.G. No 52/2016 and recently amended by Law No 134/2023.The study of the substantial amendments to Law no. 134/2023 is of legal interest, in particular, because of the field addressed, namely mortgage credit.The paper is divided into three parts: "Introduction to the credit agreement", "Consumer credit in national regulations" and "Main legislative amendments to the law on mortgage credit by Law No 134/2023".
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. The European Arrest Warrant - Optional Reasons for Refusing its Execution. Case Law Aspects
- Author
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Gabriela-Nicoleta Chihaia
- Subjects
european arrest warrant ,mutual recognition principle ,reasons of refusal ,right to a fair trial ,Law ,Social Sciences ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
This paper aims to bring to attention certain optional reasons for refusing the execution of a European arrest warrant, situations in which the courts can defeat the principle of mutual recognition and trust between the judicial authorities of the European Union states, which represents the “cornerstone” of judicial cooperation in criminal matters. The judicial enforcement authorities cannot refuse to execute a European arrest warrant except for reasons resulting from the Council Framework Decision No. 2002/584/JAI of 13 June 2002, however, in practice, the optional reasons for non-execution often raised problems, the wording of article 4 and article 4a leaving a margin in the judgment of the courts.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Challenges and Opportunities of Non-governmental Organizations
- Author
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Diana C. Bodi
- Subjects
non-guvernmental organization ,fundraising ,human resourses ,reinventing ,interdisciplinarity ,Law ,Social Sciences ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
Non-governmental organizations play an extremely important role in society, intervening subsidiarily for the welfare of society.This paper describes the results of an exploratory qualitative research, the objective of which is to identify the difficulties and challenges faced by non-governmental organizations, challenges that can generate opportunities for their development. The research was carried out between 2020-2022, on a number of 15 non-governmental organizationsfrom Brasov county. Data collection was carried out through semi-structured interviews. The interviews were carried out with people from the management structures of the non-governmental organizations. The results of the research show that the main difficulties of non-governmental organizations are related to the lack of money, the lack of human resuourses and barriers in promoting the services offered. As opportunities, we can note the development of organisations through reinvention and interdisciplinarity.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Work-Personal Life Balance among Social Workers
- Author
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C. Marc, C. Bacter, and R. Buhas
- Subjects
work-personal life balance ,social workers ,work ,family ,Law ,Social Sciences ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
This paper examines the balance between professional and personal life among social workers in Bihor County. Factors influencing this balance, as well as modalities to maintain this balance, are explored. The research methodology involves interview-based surveys with 29 social workers from various organizations from the public and private sector. The study reveals a fragile work-personal life balance because of long working hours, overload with tasks and fatigue. The imbalance leads to stress and conflicts. Findings highlight that the support offered by family is an important factor in maintaining this balance among social workers. Also, there is the need for organizational support through flexible schedules and training.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. The Fundamental Rights of LGBT Persons - A Current Challenge in Romania
- Author
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S.G. Barbu and C.M. Florescu
- Subjects
fundamental rights ,non-discrimination ,recognition ,Law ,Social Sciences ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
In several litigations at the European level, either before the Court of Justice of the European Union or the European Court of Human Rights, the issue of the LGBT persons’ fundamental rights was raised. Romania was targeted by several recent cases such as “Coman” or “Buhuceanu”. Our paper analyzes the particularities of these cases, their effects in the legal order and the challenges of a legisla tive, administrative and judicial system that is constantly adapting to guarantee fundamental rights in a non-discriminatory manner.
- Published
- 2024
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8. Children’s Rights in Conflict According to the International Humanitarian Law
- Author
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Ana Maria Bolborici
- Subjects
children’s rights ,conflict ,humanitarian law ,Law ,Social Sciences ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
Children’s rights are threatened by conflicts around the world. International humanitarian law provides general protection to children in war, whether they are civilians or combatants and, as it is known, children have the right to protection and freedom from war. The rights of children in conflict are the shared responsibility of IOs, NGO’s and the international community. The paper is focused on highlighting the children’s rights in conflict according to international humanitarian law.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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