14 results
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2. Grands défauts de gestion.
- Author
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RENAULT, MICHELINE
- Subjects
CONDOMINIUMS ,MANAGEMENT ,FINANCIAL risk ,POPULARITY - Abstract
The article delves into the challenges faced in managing smaller condominium properties amidst the rising popularity of condominium living across Quebec and Canada. It underscores the significant management flaws identified in smaller condominium associations, offering a critical analysis of governance structures and their implications on financial and personal risks, while also exploring potential solutions to these issues.
- Published
- 2024
3. Cigarette affordability in Canadian provinces: a 10-year review.
- Author
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Worrell M and Hagen L
- Subjects
- Canada epidemiology, Costs and Cost Analysis, Humans, Income, Taxes, Tobacco Products
- Abstract
The association between pricing and cigarette consumption is long-established. However, the effects of taxation alone can be diminished if relative income increases. Therefore, affordability is seen as a key determinant of demand for cigarettes, as it combines the impact of changing prices with economic growth or wage increases. This brief analysis employs methods used by the World Health Organization in examining cigarette affordability, and explores the trend in affordability across Canadian provinces over a 10-year period, from 2009 to 2019. The discussion illustrates how monitoring affordability over time can help policy makers in Canadian provinces design tobacco taxation for maximum impact., Competing Interests: LH is employed by an organization that receives public and private sector funding that is not derived from tobacco or vaping companies. MW has no conflicts of interest.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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4. DAS V. GEORGE WESTON LTD. LA FAUSSE CONSECRATION DE L’IRRESPONSABILITE SOCIALE DES ENTREPRISES AU CANADA.
- Author
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TCHOTOURIAN, IVAN and HOULE, AUDREY
- Subjects
CODES of ethics ,ENVIRONMENTAL quality ,SOCIAL responsibility of business ,WORK environment ,SOCIAL responsibility ,SUBCONTRACTING - Abstract
Copyright of Vie et Sciences de l'Entreprise is the property of ANDESE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Les investissements directs étrangers au Canada : des débats qui ont forgé l’histoire économique canadienne.
- Author
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Lefebvre, Benjamin
- Subjects
FOREIGN investments ,WORLD War II ,CANADIAN history ,GOVERNMENT policy ,ECONOMIC history - Abstract
Copyright of Interventions Économiques is the property of Association d'Economie Politique and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. A comparative systematic scan of COVID-19 health literacy information sources for Canadian university students.
- Author
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Mahmood S, Lobendino Flores JV, Di Ruggiero E, Ardiles P, Elhagehassan H, and Purewal S
- Subjects
- Canada epidemiology, Cross-Sectional Studies, Humans, Students, Universities, COVID-19 epidemiology, Health Literacy
- Abstract
Introduction: With the rapid spread of online coronavirus-related health information, it is important to ensure that this information is reliable and effectively communicated. This study observes the dissemination of COVID-19 health literacy information by Canadian postsecondary institutions aimed at university students as compared to provincial and federal government COVID-19 guidelines., Methods: We conducted a systematic scan of web pages from Canadian provincial and federal governments and from selected Canadian universities to identify how health information is presented to university students. We used our previously implemented health literacy survey with Canadian postsecondary students as a sampling frame to determine which academic institutions to include. We then used specific search terms to identify relevant web pages using Google and integrated search functions on government websites, and compared the information available on pandemic measures categorized by university response strategies, sources of expertise and branding approaches., Results: Our scan of Canadian government and university web pages found that universities similarly created one main page for COVID-19 updates and information and linked to public sector agencies as a main resource, and mainly differed in their provincial and local sources for obtaining information. They also differed in their strategies for communicating and displaying this information to their respective students., Conclusion: The universities in our sample outlined similar policies for their students, aligning with Canadian government public health recommendations and their respective provincial or regional health authorities. Maintaining the accuracy of these information sources is important to ensure student health literacy and counter misinformation about COVID-19., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Private screen access in early adolescence predicts subsequent academic and social impairment at the end of high school for boys and girls.
- Author
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Gauthier B and Pagani LS
- Subjects
- Male, Female, Humans, Adolescent, Child, Longitudinal Studies, Canada epidemiology, Parents, Organizations, Schools
- Abstract
Introduction: Youth media guidelines in Canada and the United States recommend that bedrooms should remain screen-free zones. This study aims to verify whether bedroom screens at age 12 years prospectively predict academic and social impairment by age 17 years., Methods: Participants were from the Quebec Longitudinal Study of Child Development birth cohort (661 girls and 686 boys). Linear regression analyses estimated associations between having a bedroom screen (television or computer) at age 12 years and selfreported overall grades, dropout risk, prosocial behaviour and likelihood of having experienced a dating relationship in the past 12 months at age 17 years, while adjusting for potential individual and family confounding factors., Results: For both girls and boys, bedroom screens at age 12 years predicted lower overall grades (B = -2.41, p ≤ 0.001 for boys; -1.61, p ≤ 0.05 for girls), higher dropout risk (B = 0.16, p ≤ 0.001 for boys; 0.17, p ≤ 0.001 for girls) and lower likelihood of having experienced a dating relationship (B = -0.13, p ≤ 0.001 for boys; -0.18, p ≤ 0.001 for girls) at age 17. Bedroom screens also predicted lower levels of prosocial behaviour (B = -0.52, p ≤ 0.001) at age 17 years for boys., Conclusion: The bedroom as an early adolescent screen-based zone does not predict long-term positive health and well-being. Pediatric recommendations to parents and youth should be more resolute about bedrooms being screen-free zones and about unlimited access in private exposures in childhood., Competing Interests: None. The study sponsors had no role in study design; the collection, analysis or interpretation of data; the writing; the report; or the decision to submit the paper for publication.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. [A case for the inclusion of oculocutaneous albinism as a skin-related Neglected Tropical Disease].
- Author
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Aquaron R, Lund P, and Baker C
- Subjects
- Humans, Neglected Diseases, Canada, South Africa epidemiology, Albinism, Oculocutaneous epidemiology, Albinism, Skin Neoplasms epidemiology
- Abstract
Oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) is genetically transmitted. In this paper we advocate for this disease to be included in the NTD list of the WHO. OCA type 2 is the most common form of albinism in sub-Saharan Africa, with a prevalence of 1 in 7900 among the Bamileke of Cameroon, 1 in 3900 in South Africa and 1 in 1100 among the Ibos of Nigeria, as compared to a prevalence of 1 in 10,000 among African Americans and 1 in 36,000 among White Americans and Europeans. The medical problems related to ophthalmological aspects (poor visual acuity, ametropia, nystagmus, photophobia) and dermatological aspects of albinism (sensitivity to UV rays from the sun and development of skin cancers) are well known. However, their management is often challenging for persons with albinism in sub-Saharan Africa because of their financial burden and the difficulty of accessing medical specialists. In many African countries, persons with albinism are also very often the subject of social, cultural, medical, moral and economic discrimination, which can limit their access to education, employment and community life. They are considered 'white Africans', intermediary and incomplete, with innate powers for good and evil. This particularity has made persons with albinism the targets of mutilations and/or ritual attacks for the purposes of using their body parts in the preparation of charms to bring good luck, health or prosperity. On 13 June 2013, as a result of lobbying by the Canadian NGO Under the Same Sun and African albinism associations, United Nations bodies including UNESCO and the WHO (World Health Organization) responded and a Resolution addressing the discrimination and attacks was voted in. The date has since become International Albinism Awareness Day and is celebrated on a different theme each year with great energy and impact, especially by French, English and Portuguese speaking albinism associations across sub-Saharan Africa. In 2015 the Human Rights Council created the position of Independent Expert on Albinism to better collect and analyse data on the rights of persons with albinism around the world, and especially in countries where ritual attacks occur. The data collected by albinism associations and the authorities thus go directly to the UN Human Rights Directorate. Despite this international attention to the attacks on persons with albinism, one of the biggest threats is skin cancer, which very often leads to early death. In 2022, the WHO launched a strategic framework for the control and management of neglected skin-related neglected tropical diseases - an additional reason to include oculocutaneous albinism as an NTD. Although the focus is currently limited to dermatoses of an infectious nature, we argue here for the integration of oculocutaneous albinism among NTDs because the deadliness of these carcinomas in sub-Saharan Africa is well-known and has been examined in a number of medical publications. Here, we propose that oculocutaneous albinism in sub-Saharan Africa be classified as an NTD to help people with albinism have access to health, economic, social and cultural rights., (Copyright © 2023 SFMTSI.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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9. The Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) Study: protocol for a prospective investigation of mental health risk and resilience factors.
- Author
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Carleton RN, Krätzig GP, Sauer-Zavala S, Neary JP, Lix LM, Fletcher AJ, Afifi TO, Brunet A, Martin R, Hamelin KS, Teckchandani TA, Jamshidi L, Maguire KQ, Gerhard D, McCarron M, Hoeber O, Jones NA, Stewart SH, Keane TM, Sareen J, Dobson K, and Asmundson GJG
- Subjects
- Canada epidemiology, Humans, Prospective Studies, Surveys and Questionnaires, Mental Health, Police
- Abstract
The Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP), like all public safety personnel (PSP), are frequently exposed to potentially psychologically traumatic events that contribute to posttraumatic stress injuries (PTSI). Addressing PTSI is impeded by the limited available research. In this protocol paper, we describe the RCMP Study, part of the concerted efforts by the RCMP to reduce PTSI by improving access to evidence-based assessments, treatments and training as well as participant recruitment and RCMP Study developments to date. The RCMP Study has been designed to (1) develop, deploy and assess the impact of a system for ongoing annual, monthly and daily evidence-based assessments; (2) evaluate associations between demographic variables and PTSI; (3) longitudinally assess individual differences associated with PTSI; (4) augment the RCMP Cadet Training Program with skills to proactively mitigate PTSI; and (5) assess the impact of the augmented training condition (ATC) versus the standard training condition (STC). Participants in the STC (n = 480) and ATC (n = 480) are assessed before and after training and annually for 5 years on their deployment date; they also complete brief monthly and daily surveys. The RCMP Study results are expected to benefit the mental health of all participants, RCMP and PSP by reducing PTSI among all who serve.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Update on cancer incidence trends in Canada, 1984 to 2017.
- Author
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Demers AA, Saint-Jacques N, Ellison L, Brenner D, Fitzgerald N, Aziz S, and Turner D
- Subjects
- Canada epidemiology, Female, Humans, Incidence, Male, Registries, Colorectal Neoplasms epidemiology, Neoplasms epidemiology
- Abstract
This paper highlights findings on cancer trends from the Canadian Cancer Statistics 2021 report. Trends were measured using annual percent change (APC) of age-standardized incidence rates. Overall, cancer incidence rates are declining (-1.1%) but the findings are specific to the type of cancer and patient sex. For example, in males, the largest decreases per year were for prostate (-4.4%), colorectal (-4.3%), lung (-3.8%), leukemia (-2.6%) and thyroid (-2.4%) cancers. In females, the largest decreases were for thyroid (-5.4%), colorectal (-3.4%) and ovarian (-3.1%) cancers., Competing Interests: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Development and formative evaluation of the Canadian Armed Forces Surveillance and Outbreak Management System (CAF SOMS): applications for COVID-19 and beyond.
- Author
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Dubiniecki C, Gottschall S, and Praught J
- Subjects
- Canada epidemiology, Disease Outbreaks prevention & control, Humans, Pandemics prevention & control, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 epidemiology, COVID-19 prevention & control
- Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted limitations in the current public health data infrastructure, and the need for a comprehensive, real-time, centralized, user-friendly data management system suitable for both disease surveillance and outbreak management. To address these issues, the Canadian Forces Health Services Group developed the webbased Canadian Armed Forces Surveillance and Outbreak Management System (CAF SOMS). This paper details the development of the CAF SOMS, provides formative evaluation results and includes a discussion of the lessons learned and intent to use the CAF SOMS in future to enhance the CAF's disease surveillance and outbreak management capability beyond COVID-19., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Investigating individual-level correlates of e-cigarette initiation among a large sample of Canadian high school students.
- Author
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Williams GC, Cole AG, de Groh M, Jiang Y, and Leatherdale ST
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Canada epidemiology, Female, Humans, Male, Schools, Students, Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems, Vaping
- Abstract
Introduction: Having a better understanding of individual factors associated with e-cigarette initiation can help improve prevention efforts. Therefore, this study aimed to (1) identify baseline characteristics associated with e-cigarette initiation, and (2) determine whether changes in these baseline characteristics were associated with e-cigarette initiation., Methods: This study used data from Year 6 (2017/18, baseline) and Year 7 (2018/19, follow-up) of the COMPASS study. The final sample included 12 315 students in Grades 9 to 11 who reported never having tried e-cigarettes at baseline. Students reported demographic information, other substance use, school behaviours, physical activity, sedentary behaviour, sleep, symptoms of anxiety and depression, and emotional regulation and flourishing scores. Hierarchical GEE models, stratified by gender, examined the association between (1) baseline characteristics and e-cigarette initiation at follow-up and (2) changes in baseline characteristics and e-cigarette initiation at follow-up., Results: In total, 29% of students who had not yet initiated e-cigarette use reported initiating e-cigarette use at follow-up. Students in Grades 10 and 11 were less likely to initiate e-cigarette use. Other substance use, skipping school and meeting the physical activity guidelines at baseline and one-year changes to these behaviours were associated with e-cigarette initiation among both male and female students. Additionally, some differences were noted between females and males., Conclusion: Given that other health behaviours were associated with e-cigarette initiation, prevention approaches should target multiple health-risk behaviours to help prevent youth e-cigarette use. Additionally, school-based approaches may benefit by being implemented at the beginning of high school or in junior high school., Competing Interests: Scott Leatherdale is an Associate Scientific Editor with the HPCDP Journal but has recused himself from the review process for this paper. The authors have no other conflicts of interest to declare.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Nimble, efficient and evolving: the rapid response of the National Collaborating Centres to COVID-19 in Canada.
- Author
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Dobbins M, Dubois A, Atkinson D, Bellefleur O, Betker C, Haworth-Brockman M, and Ma L
- Subjects
- COVID-19 epidemiology, COVID-19 transmission, Canada, Humans, COVID-19 prevention & control, Communicable Disease Control organization & administration, Intersectoral Collaboration, Public Health Administration
- Abstract
Since December 2019, there has been a global explosion of research on COVID-19. In Canada, the six National Collaborating Centres (NCCs) for Public Health form one of the central pillars supporting evidence-informed decision making by gathering, synthesizing and translating emerging findings. Funded by the Public Health Agency of Canada and located across Canada, the six NCCs promote and support the use of scientific research and other knowledges to strengthen public health practice, programs and policies. This paper offers an overview of the NCCs as an example of public health knowledge mobilization in Canada and showcases the NCCs' contribution to the COVID-19 response while reflecting on the numerous challenges encountered., Competing Interests: None
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Substance use classes and symptoms of anxiety and depression among Canadian secondary school students.
- Author
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Williams GC, Patte KA, Ferro MA, and Leatherdale ST
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Anxiety epidemiology, Canada epidemiology, Cross-Sectional Studies, Depression epidemiology, Female, Humans, Male, Schools, Students, Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems, Substance-Related Disorders epidemiology
- Abstract
Introduction: Few studies have assessed patterns of substance use among Canadian adolescents. This cross-sectional study examined substance use classes among Canadian secondary school students and associations with anxiety and depression., Methods: This study used data from Year 6 (2017/18) of the COMPASS study. Students (n = 51 767) reported their substance use (alcohol, cannabis, cigarette and e-cigarette use) and anxiety and depression symptoms. We employed latent class analysis to identify substance use classes and multinomial logistic regression to examine how anxiety and depression were associated with class membership., Results: Overall, 40% of students indicated having anxiety and/or depression (50% in females; 29% in males) and 60% of students reported substance use (60% in females; 61% in males). We identified three substance use classes: poly-use, dual use, and non-use. Females with both anxiety and depression had the highest odds of being in the poly-use class compared to the non-use class (odds ratio [OR] = 4.09; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.59-4.65) followed by females with depression only (OR = 2.65; 95% CI: 2.31-3.04) and males with both anxiety and depression (OR = 2.48; 95% CI: 2.19-2.80). Symptomatology was also associated with belonging to the dual use class except among males with anxiety only (OR = 1.13; 95% CI: 0.94-1.37)., Conclusion: Canadian secondary school students are engaging in dual and poly-substance use, and anxiety and depression were associated with such use. Females had a higher prevalence of anxiety and depression and should be a priority population for mental health programming., Competing Interests: Scott Leatherdale is an Associate Scientific Editor with the HPCDP Journal, but has recused himself from the review process for this paper. The authors declare there are no other conflicts of interest.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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