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Purpose: To study the predictive factors of blood transfusion in total hip prosthesis. Material and methods: Retrospective study on 65 cases of total hip prosthesis, the epidemiological data (age, sex and body mass index) and the ASA score in these patients were analyzed, as well as the indications for fitting a prosthesis. Several factors have been studied. Results: The mean age was 58.2 years with a male predominance of 64%. Among the 65 patients, 37 patients were classified ASA 1, 23 patients ASA 2 and 5 patients ASA 3. The indication for total hip prosthesis was dominated by primary hip osteoarthritis, followed by inflammatory coxitis, post-traumatic hip arthritis and femoral neck fracture. Conclusion: The predictors of blood transfusion found in our study were age, type of anesthesia and preoperative hemoglobin level. The preoperative evaluation of the patient’s ground and the perioperative anesthetic management remain essential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Iron deficiency is the most widespread nutritional disorder. Anaemia during pregnancy is common in developing countries. The purpose of this study was to check iron levels during pregnancy by evaluating laboratory indicators of iron deficiency. Our study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the Mohamed V Military Training Hospital (MVMTH) and included 66 patients monitored during three trimesters of pregnancy. Biochemical tests including ferritin, serum iron, CRP and blood counts were performed. The average age of patients was 28.3 years, with a standard deviation of 5.2. The prevalence of iron deficiency was 15.2% (n = 10), 25.8% (n = 17) and 42.2% (n = 28) in the first, second and third trimester, respectively. Anemia progressed from 10% (n = 7), 24% (n = 16) to 42% (n = 28). ANOVA test was used to compare the means for the parameters serum ferritin and iron, hemoglobin and hematocrit within the three trimesters. This showed a significant difference with p = 0.001. This study highlights a high prevalence of iron deficiency during pregnancy, especially in the third trimester, that would justify a systematic iron supplementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Early detection of sickle cell disease is crucial to improve people's survival. Both financial and geographic accessibility to sickle cell disease tools are barriers to universal screening in developing countries. The purpose of this study was to determine the hospital prevalence of sickle cell disease and to assess the reliability of a rapid diagnostic tool, HemoTypeSC, in a resource-limited environment. We conducted a prospective cross-sectional descriptive study in the Department of Pediatrics of 5 health facilities in the city of Kindu, Maniema province, DRC, over a period of 10 months. The study consisted of HemoType SC rapid test screening for sickle cell disease and then diagnostic confirmation by hemoglobin electrophoresis. A total of 448 children less than 5 years of age were enrolled in the study. The overall hospital prevalence of patients with sickle cell disease was 31.9%, of whom 12.7% were homozygous (SS) and 19.2% trait carriers; the level of suspicion for sickle cell disease in hospitals was 6%; the clinical presumption regarding sickle cell disease was 8%; HemoType SC rapid test had good indicators of validity for the detection of hemoglobins A and S. The study shows that the hospital prevalence of major sickle cell disease is higher in children under 5 years of age with respect to clinical suspicion in the absence of laboratory tests. HemoTypeSC rapid test seems to be a reliable tool for the screening of the disease in the city of Kindu, a resource-limited environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of organic extracts of Bunium incrassatum seeds (Talghouda) on the evolution of some hematological parameters. The study was conducted on rabbits of the local population Oryctolagus cuniculus) the animals were divided into five groups and given daily orally at doses of 0.25, 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg/day. Dose 0 was taken as a control. After treatment, the rabbits were sacrificed, the organs were removed and fixed in 10% formalin and then stained with hematoxylin and eosin and the blood was collected in two tubes, one containing anticoagulant EDTA, and the other dry for the measurement of the different parameters. The obtained results show that treatment with the organic extract of Bunium incrassatum induced an increase in the body weight of treated rabbits compared to the control, as well as effects on the hematological parameters, characterized mainly by a significant increase in the rate of lymphocytes, hemoglobin. This result coincides with the increase in the relative weight of the kidney and liver target organs. We conclude that the components of this medicinal plant may, at specific doses, have a positive effect on certain hematological parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The therapeutic management of sickle cell disease is based on several strategies, in which red blood cell transfusion plays an essential role in acute complications such as vaso-occlusive crisis, acute chest syndrome and stroke. However, it is important to weigh the benefit/risk before transfusion in children with sickle cell disease and not to rely solely on the value of hemoglobin. Indeed, it is important to remember that a negative antibody screen as well as a negative serological crossmatch test do not totally eliminate alloimmunisation or the risk of post-transfusion haemolysis. Sickle cell patients demonstrate multiple immunohaematological features: variant phenotypes (especially in the Rh andMNSsystems), rare blood groups, allo- and auto-immunisation favored because of the inflammatory state. The presence of an alloimmunisation can lead to a significant delay to obtain compatible red blood cell units, a supply difficulty or even a genuine blood transfusion deadlock. About 30 % of the requests for rare blood in France concerns sickle cell patients. Any vaso-occlusive crisis occurring within 3 to 15 days after a transfusion should be suspected to be a delayed haemolytic posttransfusion reaction; whenever necessary, the child should be referred to a reference center and any further transfusions should be avoided. The so-called hyperhaemolysis syndrome, corresponding to a major delayed haemolysis with concomitant destruction of autologous red blood cells, constitutes a major complication of the transfusion and may be potentially fatal. It is essential to educate patients and physicians on the recognition of the clinical signs of delayed haemolytic post-transfusion reactions, in order to rapidly implement measures to limit their immediate effects and avoid their occurrence in case of future transfusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We here report the case of a 42-year-old female patient presenting with alopecia areata that had progressed over the past month. The anamnesis revealed no psychoaffective irritative stimulus or atopy. Clinical examination was normal. The patient weighed 65kg with a BMI of 22kg/m². Haemoglobin level was 12.5g/dL. Fasting blood glucose was 1.01g/L, TSHus and T4L were normal; 0.23 pmol/L and 13.32 pmol/L, respectively. Anti-nuclear and Anti-electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) antibodies were negative. The diagnosis of isolated alopecia areata was retained. The patient was treated with intramuscular injections of 80mg of triamcinolone every ten days for 4 sessions (total dose of 320mg). Hair loss treatment topical spray was applied (12 sprays a day). Patients's outcome was marked by a spectacular regrowth of hair assessed at day 30 and day 60. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Le don de sang en Algérie se fait sans réalisation préalable de l'hémoglobine (Hb) pré-don. Par ailleurs, nous notons l'absence de travaux scientifiques qui rapportent des données sur les lignées érythrocytaires, leucocytaires et plaquettaires chez les donneurs de sang (DDS). Notre étude de profil de l'hémogramme chez des DDS prélevés dans le Centre de Wilaya de Transfusion Sanguine (CWTS) de Sétif a pour but de fournir des arguments scientifiques permettant de montrer la nécessité de la détermination de l'hémoglobine comme examen pré-don et de compléter, par l'hémogramme, les critères d'aptitude au don de sang total. Cette étude réalisée chez 396 DDS volontaires âgés de 18 à 57 ans, prélevés lors des collectes mobiles ou fixes effectuées par le CWTS du CHU de Sétif. L'hémogramme a été réalisé à l'aide d'un automate type MEDONIC M32 séries. Selon l'étude de Troussard et al., 2014, l'anémie correspond à un taux d'hémoglobine (HB) inférieur à 11,5 g/dl chez la femme et 13 g/dl chez l'homme. En adoptant ces références, nous avons remarqué que 10,11 % des femmes (n = 9) et 8,47 % des hommes (n = 26) étaient anémiques, et l'anémie était normocytaire normochrome chez 48,57 % de ces DDS anémiés. L'analyse de la lignée blanche a montré l'existence d'une leucopénie chez 0,8 % des DDS (n = 3), 6,3 % des donneurs présentaient une hyperleucocytose (n = 25). L'étude de la lignée plaquettaire a révélé l'existence d'une thrombopénie chez 4,8 % des DDS (n = 19) et une thrombocytose chez 3 des DDS (soit 0,8 % des cas). Cette étude modeste consolide l'intérêt de la mesure systématique de l'Hb pré-don et la réalisation périodique de l'hémogramme chez les DDS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study involved a 54-year old female patient admitted with severe renal failure. She had a 1-month history of progressive stage II dyspnoea associated with chest pain, bone pain and anuria. Clinical examination showed hypertension (160/80mmHg), glomerular disease (urinary protein excretion 2+, blood 2+ and diuresis 300 cc). Pleuropulmonary examination showed diffuse bilateral lower-chest crackling sounds. Laboratory tests objectified severe renal failure with creatinine level 107mg, urea 1.65g/l, hyperkalaemia 7.8 mmol/l, CRP value 78mg/l, normochromic normocytic anemia with hemoglobin concentration 5.7g/dl and leukocytosis 13570 without thrombocytopenia, hyperprotidemia 144g/l, normal serum albumin concentration 33g/l, hypercalcemia 116mg/l and hyperphosphataemia 120mg/l. Serum protein electrophoresis showed monoclonal gamma globulin peak 60 g/l. Immunoelectrophoresis of plasma proteins showed IgG kappa gammapathy. Bence-Jones protein urine test was negative. Myelogram showed plasmocytosis 10%. Profile skull x-rays objectified multiple pre-existing geodes. The patient underwent CDT1 protocol with dexamethazone thalidomide 100 mg and oral endoxan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]