Search

Cet article réfléchit aux pratiques soigneuses d’effilage et raccommodage comme parties intimement constitutives de processus de raisonnement incorporé. Mon point de départ est une ethnographie de dialogues entre la broderie calado et la conception technique. D’où, tout en décrivant l’effilage partiel des tissus destinés au calado et leur raccommodage postérieur par le tissage, j’interroge la double action de ces pratiques : d’abord sur l’ethnographie qui les aborde ; ensuite au sujet des effets de l’ethnographie – elle-même influencée par les pratiques du calado – sur les imaginaires et les attentes des ingénieurs à propos de la conception et du contexte de cet art manuel. Tout au long de cet article, je mets l’accent sur le fait que ce genre de processus d’effilage et raccommodage est constitué par le soin (care) en relation aux corps et aux matérialités. Je prête donc une attention particulière à la manière dont ces processus, traversés par la question du genre selon des manières bien spécifiques, entrelacent histoires d’apprentissage incarné et domestique et formes d’invisibilité ambiguë. This paper reflects on practices of careful unraveling and mending as being intimately constitutive of particular embodied thinking processes. My starting point is an ethnography of the dialogues between calado embroidery and engineering design. Hence, through describing the partial unraveling of fabrics intended to become calado and their subsequent mending through weaving, I question the double agency of these practices : over the ethnography that approaches them, and about the effects of ethnography, affected by calado practices, on engineers’ imaginaries and expectations about design and about the craft’s context. Throughout the paper I emphasize how such processes of unraveling and mending are constituted by care in relation to bodies and materialities. Thus I pay special attention to how these processes intertwine stories about embodied and domestic learning and ambiguous invisibility crosscut by gender in particular ways. Este artículo reflexiona sobre las prácticas cuidadosas de destejido y remiendo como íntimamente constitutivas de procesos particulares de pensamiento incorporado. Mi punto de partida es una etnografía de los diálogos entre el bordado calado y el diseño de ingeniería. Inicio describiendo las prácticas de destejido y destrucción parcial de telas destinadas a ser caladas y su subsiguiente remiendo a través del tejido. Uso esto para cuestionar la doble agencia de estas prácticas : en primer lugar, sobre la etnografía que las estudia y en segundo lugar sobre la forma en que esta etnografía afectada por las prácticas del calado, afecta los imaginarios y expectativas de las y los ingenieros sobre el diseño y sobre el contexto de la artesanía. A lo largo del artículo enfatizo en cómo estos procesos de destejido y remiendo están constituidos por el cuidado en relación con los cuerpos y las materialidades. Para ello, presto especial atención a cómo estos procesos están entrelazados por historias de aprendizaje doméstico e incorporado y por formas de invisibilidad ambigua atravesada por el género de formas particulares.

Cet article présente un panorama général et pratique des brevets français. Un résumé est fait des procédures d’enregistrement en usage de 1791, date de la première loi française, à 1968, avec la législation actuelle. Différentes procédures furent utilisées par l’administration officielle chargée de l’enregistrement de la propriété industrielle. C’est pourquoi les archives diffèrent. Sont présentées les modalités spécifiques d’accès à ces archives. La seconde partie de l’article expose quelques caractéristiques des dessins techniques qu’on trouve dans les brevets. Jusqu’en 1901, quand les dossiers étaient manuscrits, plusieurs types peuvent être observés, dépendant en partie de la connaissance technique des inventeurs. Plus tard, quand les brevets furent imprimés par l’administration pour être publiés, les dessins furent standardisés. Ainsi, les informations fournies par la représentation des inventions est un aspect intéressant des inventions brevetées. This paper presents general and practical information about French patents. A summary of procedures which were in use for patent registration from 1791, with the first French law, up to 1968, with the present legislation, is described. Different procedures were used by official administrations in charge of industrial property registration. Consequently, the archives vary. Specific accesses to these archives are shown. The second part of the paper expounds some aspects of technical drawings which are found on patents. Up to 1901, when files were manuscripts, various designs can be observed, partly depending on technical knowledge of inventors. Later, when all patents were printed by the administration for publication, drawings were standardized. Therefore, information provided by representation of the invention is an interesting face of patented inventions.

Le terme interface a-t-il la même signification pour un étudiant en design que pour un étudiant en ingénierie ? Au-delà de la différence de définition, quels savoir-faire doivent déployer ces étudiants pour travailler ensemble dans un contexte étudiant, comme professionnel ? C’est à ce type de question que nous tentons de répondre à travers la conception et la mise en place d’un atelier interdisciplinaire d’enseignement du design interactif. L’atelier regroupe depuis trois ans des designers et des développeurs de différentes écoles, constitués en équipes dans le but de réaliser des prototypes d’interfaces sur une thématique donnée. À défaut d’apporter une recette simple à mettre en place pour résoudre la question de l’interdisciplinarité dans l’enseignement du design, ce texte revient sur les trois années d’expérience accumulée et propose une analyse des erreurs et réussites d’un atelier en constante évolution., Does the word “interface” have the same meaning for a designer and a computer science student? Beyond the different meaning between each of these domains, which mindset a student need to know to work now and in the future with others ? It is keeping those questions in mind that we designed an interdisciplinary workshop on interactive design. In this paper we relate the design and the deployment of this workshop. This workshop gathered during 3 years, designers and developers from different schools to create innovative projects on a specific thematic. In this paper we provide an analysis of this workshop and discuss the issues behind its successes and failures., Interfaces numériques, 3(2), 2014

International audience; Heimat, in the first volume of Berthold Auerbach’s Black Forest Village Stories (1843) is rather more globalised than its traditional anchorage in the local would have us believe: the mutations of modernity have reached the village and Heimat is born of the fear of its soon-to-be disappearance. What then emerges is a wandering Heimat, a nomad Heimat, one that is delocalised or even re-localisable. This paper focuses on the mutations of the experience of Heimat through two village histories and two characters: Tolpatsch who emigrates and recreates his Swabian village overseas, discovering his German identity from abroad, at the same time as his American identity ; and Ivo, the author’s autobiographical double, who chooses the next-door village, a sign, perhaps, of an impossible Heimkehr, but also of a reinvention of Heimat, and of the self, through experiencing distance.; La Heimat, dans le premier volume des Histoires villageoises de la Forêt-Noire (1843), est bien plus globalisée que ne le laisserait penser son traditionnel ancrage dans le local : les mutations de la modernité ont bel et bien atteint le village. La Heimat naît donc de la crainte de sa prochaine disparition. Mais c’est une Heimat délocalisée, en errance, que l’on quitte et où l’on désire revenir. Peut-on aller jusqu’à parler d’une relocalisation ? Auerbach semble suggérer deux réponses, à travers le parcours de deux personnages : Tolpatsch, qui émigre et réimplante son village souabe outre-mer, découvrant là-bas sa germanité tout en devenant progressivement américain ; et Ivo, double autobiographique de l’auteur, qui choisit le village d’à côté, signe, peut-être, d’une impossible Heimkehr, mais d’une réinvention de la Heimat, et donc de soi, par l’expérience de l’écart.

Les formations à l’éthique en écoles d’ingénieurs existent en France depuis une vingtaine d’années, mais elles restent plus rares que dans d’autres pays et que dans les formations médicales françaises. Cet article propose d’identifier les leviers d’action qui ont permis d’institutionnaliser l’éthique de l’ingénierie dans d’autres pays. Une comparaison avec le champ de la médecine permettra également d’identifier quelques obstacles propres au domaine de l’ingénierie dans le contexte français. Courses in engineering ethics have existed in France for twenty years, but they are less common than in other countries and in medical education. In this paper, the author brings to light some reasons why engineering ethics did not developp in France as a field for research and education the way it did in other countries and it did to a certain point in the medecine in France.

International audience; In order to face the continuous increase of the data traffic on cellular networks, using WiFi to offload the LTE network can be an interesting solution for the operators. The convergence between fixed and mobile access allows the WiFi access points to be connected to the cellular eNodeBs. This is known as very tight coupling between LTE and WiFi. WiFi and LTE flows are merged just bellow the IP layer which allows faster attachment procedures to WiFi access points and dual WiFi/LTE transmission while providing a seamless experience to the end user. However, WiFi networks are very different from LTE in terms of delays and loss rates which may have a bad impact on higher layers such as TCP. In this paper, we study the performance of TCP with Very Tight Coupling. We perform experimentation on a real testbed based on the Open Air Interface framework.

International audience; Noncooperative underwater acoustic (UWA) communication systems are prone to interfere with each other since the limited resource offered by the channel is not regulated by any standard. Mutual inteferences can significantly degrade the performances of such systems and it is necessary to find policies allowing UWA devices to access the same physical resource. In this paper, we consider noncooperative UWA OFDM systems competing to access the same portion of the spectrum. We show that an efficient decentralized power allocation strategy can be achieved when all the communication links apply a waterfilling policy only based on little knowledge about their environment. Numerical simulations performed with real UWA channels sounded at-sea demonstrate the relevance of our approach.

International audience; In this paper we seek to further investigate whether having different backgrounds influences Engineering teachers' views of Calculus and shapes their opinion of how the subject should be taught, and whether these views affect their actual teaching practices. Our research is based on an institutional perspective and employs Chevallard's Anthropological Theory of the Didactic (ATD), in particular the notion of personal relationship, and we analyse the possible impacts of institutional choices on an individual's practices. Our data seem to indicate that even when they occupy the same position in the same institution, teachers with different academic backgrounds hold quite different personal relationships with the contents of their Calculus course, and that this has a significant impact on their practices.

International audience; Configurable process models are gaining a great importance for the design and development of reusable business processes. As these processes tend to be very complex, their configuration becomes a difficult task. Therefore, many approaches propose to build decision support systems to assist users selecting desirable configuration choices. Nevertheless, these systems are to a large extent manually created by domain experts, which is a time-consuming and tedious task. In addition, relying solely on the expert knowledge is not only error-prone, but also challengeable. In this paper, we propose to learn from past experience in process configuration in order to automatically extract a configuration guidance model. Instead of starting from scratch, a configuration guidance model assists analysts creating business-driven support systems.

International audience; In this paper we present the concept of context-aware Emergency Notification and Rescue Service (ENRS) utilizing user information from the 4G EPC network. The 4G EPC is an all IP next generation architecture that makes it easy for various 3GPP and non-3GPP standards to co-exist and provide network access to the end user. The proposed architecture consists of two parts; first part is emergency notification and information gathering to use for the event notification. The second part consists of an intelligent context-aware decision engine that processes the collected information in real time and generates notification messages for the end user. Our proposed service is based on the RESTful concepts and can be used to effectively notify and help users during the emergency. Currently a prototype of the service is being developed to validate the ENRS.

The aim of this paper is to study the origins of the Archaistic image of Aphrodite on some bronze coins struck in Cyprus under Ptolemy III, and to compare it to some other Archaistic images of the goddess attested in Greece and Cyprus. To this dossier, already examined by B. Lichocka in 1986, can be added a marble torso found near Soloi in 1927, which could be related to the sanctuary of Soloi-Cholades, an important cult place for understanding the religious ideology of the Ptolemaic rulers and, probably, of the first Roman emperors., Hermary Antoine. Images archaïsantes de l’Aphrodite chypriote. In: Cahiers du Centre d'Etudes Chypriotes. Volume 45, 2015. Hommage à Jacqueline Karageorghis. pp. 317-328.

Aircraft performances at landing or takeoff depend strongly on runway surface conditions. There is a need to provide aircraft pilots with reliable information in view of determining landing performance. Currently, these information are based on a description of the type and the depth of contaminants on the runway surface. This paper presents a new method to improve the correlation between friction coefficients and braking coefficients measured respectively by ground vehicles and aircrafts. A three steps approach is proposed, using a friction model developed by ESDU, to weight the measured coefficients by factors taking into account the characteristics of the devices and of the contaminants. The friction ESDU model is used on contaminated surfaces. The methodology is applied to data collected from extensive friction tests conducted between 1996 and 2003 (Joint Winter Runaway Friction Measurement Program). Characteristics of ground friction measuring devices and aircrafts are provided as inputs for ESDU model. It was found that the correlation between weighted ground friction and braking coefficients is improved significantly compared with the correlation between unweighted coefficients. Advantages of the newly proposed method are discussed in terms of using ground friction coefficients as a promising alternative to determine Runway condition code for aircraft pilots.

International audience; Feedback from the experience of the Fukushima-Daiichi accident has focused on the prevention measures aiming at protecting the nuclear reactors from damage and conventional crisis management methods. However, conditions at the site still resemble a never-ending accident. Following the events of 11 March 2011, the way in which engineering operations designed to secure the facilities have been handled offers a new perspective on the capacity of organizations to adapt in situations that go far beyond deterministic safety frameworks. In this paper, we examine this extreme operational mode, which we call "engineering thinking in emergency situation".; Le retour d’expérience de l’accident de Fukushima-Daiichi a mis l’accent sur les mesures de prévention destinées à protéger les réacteurs nucléaires ainsi que sur les méthodes de gestion de crise classiquement convoquées. Cependant, les conditions sur le site relèvent d’un accident qui n’en finit plus. Après les événements du 11 mars 2011, la manière dont sont conduites les opérations d’ingénierie visant à sécuriser les installations offre une nouvelle perspective sur la capacité des organisations à s’adapter à des situations qui vont bien au-delà des cadres déterministes. Dans cet article, nous examinons cette figure extrême de l’ingénierie, dénommée "ingénierie de l’urgence".

International audience; In the context of future seabed underwater scientific observatories, a new Wi-Fi antenna (at 2.45 GHz) was recently developed for high data rate and short range wireless underwater applications. It supports real time video and rapid large file transmissions (54 Mb/s during experiments). Also its simplicity and compatibility with standard Wi-Fi equipment (modems, etc.) makes it a low cost solution for underwater applications. Therefore, while first prototypes have ever experimentally demonstrated the capabilities of the developed solution, several optimizations are possible. This paper focuses on size reduction and improvement to sea pressure resistance, bandwidth broadening, and a new antenna excitation which notably enable further height reduction.