Search

The nine papers in this booklet were presented at three sessions of the IFLA General Conference. The text of the first paper, "Presidential Address at the Opening of the IFLA Council and General Conference: Moscow 1991" (Hans-Peter Geh, President of IFLA), is provided in English, German, and Russian. The text of the second paper, "Libraries and Culture," (N. N. Gubenko, Minister of Culture of the USSR) is provided in English, French, and Russian. Six of the seven remaining papers, which include four reports on IFLA's professional activities, are presented in English: (1) "IFLA Core Programme for Universal Availability of Publications (UAP). Medium Term Programme 1992-1997" (Graham P. Cornish); (2) "The Medium-Term Programme 1992-1997 of the UBCIM Core Programme" (Marie-France Plassard); (3) "Medium Term Programme 1992-1997. Universal Dataflow and Telecommunications Core Programme" (Leigh Swain); (4) "The Medium Term Programme 1992-1997 of IFLA's Core Programme for the Advancement of Librarianship in the Third World--ALP" (Birgitta Bergdahl); (5) "Chinese Libraries for the Promotion of International Cultural Exchange and Cooperation" (Li-Yi-Ti, China); and (6) "National Identity and International Knowledge: The Library's Bridging Role" (Alan E. Smith, New Zealand). The final paper, "Aculturacion y Bibliotecas: Analisis y Propuestas de Actuacion" (J. Fuentes Romero, Spain), is presented in Spanish. (MAB)

This collection contains three papers providing an introduction to the International Federation of Library Associations (IFLA) Core Programs, four contributed papers, and two Plenary Session papers: (1) "The Universal Bibliographic Control and International MARC (Machine Readable Cataloging Formats) Program" (Winston D. Roberts); (2) "Le Programme d'acces universel aux publications de l'IFLA (IFLA's Universal Access Program)" (Marie-France Plassard); (3) "IFLA Universal Dataflow and Telecommunications (UDT) Core Programme: IFLA Open Forum 1989" (Leigh Swain); (4) "Searching the Image Data Bank of the Bibliotheque Publique d'Information at the George Pompidou Center via the NUMERIS Network: Economic Aspects" (French and English versions; Luce-Marie Albiges); (5) "Library Funding and Economics: A Framework for Research" (Yale Braunstein); (6) "La Planificacion como incentivo de financiacion de bibliotecas publicas (Planning as an Incentive in Financing Public Libraries)" (Natividad Correas and Magdalena Vincent); (7) "Can we run libraries without books and journals?" (John Davies); (8) "Quelques problemes dans l'implantation de systemes d'information avances dans des pays en voie de developpement (Some Problems Involved in the Installation of Advanced Information Systems in Developing Countries)" (James Robredo, Tania Maria Botelho, and Murilo B. da Cunha); (9) "Priced Business Information Services from the Public Sector: Will They Succeed?" (Sheila A. E. Webber); (10) "Presidential Address: Paris 1989" (German and English versions; Hans-Peter Geh); and (11)"Libraries, Information, Economics" (Jacques Michel). (SD)

Of the 11 papers in this collection, three are in German and in English translation; one is in French with an English translation and two are in French only; one is in Spanish with an English translation; and four are in English. The papers include: (1) "Europaische Bibliotheksinitiativen = European Library Initiatives" (Gunther Pflug); (2) "Die Zusammenarbeit Wissenschaftlicher Bibliotheken in den Sozialistischen Landern = The Cooperation of Academic Libraries in the Socialist Countries in Europe" (Radoslaw Cybulski); (3) "National Libraries in a Time of Change" (Maurice B. Line); (4) "Was Ist eine Nationalbibliothek? = What Is a National Library?" (Gunther Pflug); (5) "The National Libraries of Southern Europe: Present Situation and Probable Development" (Maria Luisa Cabral); (6) "La situation des bibliotheques universitaires au Portugal = The Situation of the University Libraries of Portugal," (Maria Jose Moura, in French only); (7) "Las Bibliotecas de Investigacion y el Sistema Espanol de Bibliotecas = The Research Libraries and the Spanish Library System" (Jeronimo Martines Gonzales); (8) "Automation et Cooperation dans les Bibliotheques Universitaires Italiennes = Automation and cooperation in Italian university libraries" (Giovanni Solimine, in French only); (9) "Guidelines for the Security of Loan Exhibitions" (Henry J. Heaney); (10) "'The Many and the One': Implications of Conspectus Building for Individual University Libraries" (David H. Stam); and (11) "Progress Report on 'The Legislation of the National Libraries of the Countries of the World' for the Period from April 1987 to July 1987" (Lenin State Library of the USSR). (MES)

The six papers in this collection were presented at three sections of the Division of Regional Activities: (1) "A la recherche d'Approches adaptees aux Besoins en Documentation des Africains (In Search of an Approach Adapted to the Information Needs of Africans)" (Touria Temsamani Haji, Morocco); (2) "People's Libraries: An African Perspective" (Philip van Zijl, South Africa); (3) "Community Resource Centres and Their Contribution to the Development of an Alternative Public Library Model in South Africa" (Mary Nassimbeni); (4) "Growth of Libraries Since the Beginning of India's Civilization" (M. K. Jain); (5) "User Education in Chinese Academic Libraries: A Study of Current Programs in Taiwan" (Ellen F. Liu); and (6) "La biblioteca publica como centro de desarrollo cultural comunitario: una experiencia de conceptualizacion (The Public Library as a Cultural Center for the Community: An Experience of Conceptualization)" (Myriam Mejia, Colombia). (MAB)

This document contains information from and about a world assembly on creativity and democratic governance in adult learning that was held by the International Council for Adult Education (ICAE) and its partner organizations in the Caribbean. The proceedings begin with English, French, and Spanish translations of the address "Welcome-Bienvenue-Bienvenidas" (Paul Belanger) and the paper "Diversity in Action: Adult Education in the Caribbean" (Eva Kupidura). Presented next are English, French, and Spanish translations of the conference schedule, which included workshop and sessions on topics such as the following: policy advocacy in adult literacy; adult learning documentation and information; lifelong learning; adult learning in prisons; Adult Learners' Week; adult learning as a tool for empowerment; global citizenship and learning gender justice; peace education; globalization and social movement learning; and training in the adult sector. An announcement describing a book on women's education published by the ICAE is presented along with the following papers: "Address by the Rt. Hon. P.J. Patterson, Prime Minister of Jamaica"; "Speech by Hans Persson"; and "Remarks at the Opening of the Sixth World Assembly International Council for Adult Educators" (Burchell Whiteman). The following items are also included: English, French, and Spanish versions of the Ocho Rios Declaration "Adult Learning: A Key to Democratic Citizenship and Global Action"; a concordance to the workshop reports and plenary papers; the closing address "Remarks at the Closing Ceremony" (Burchell Whiteman); a summary of the proceedings of the general assembly of members; a list of organizing committee members; profiles of the ICAE Executive Committee members; and a list of participants. (MN)

Eleven papers are presented from the International Round Table on Vocational Training and Employment. Introductory materials are the program and list of participants. The papers are as follows: "Evolution de la Formation Professionnelle en Afrique et Contribution du Ciadfor au Cours de la Derniere Decennie" (in French); "Educacion, Empleo y Formacion Profesional en Venezuela" (Rita Pucci de Liprandi, in Spanish with an English summary, "Vocational Education and Training in Venezuela"); "Labour Policies, Employment and Training: An Overview of the Fondazione Giacomo Brodolini" (Leonello Tronti); "Vocational Training and Employment in Czechoslovakia" (Jaromir Coufalik); "Review of Vocational Training Programmes of Selected Developing Economies of Asia-Pacific Region" (A. M. A. H. Siddiqui); "Country Paper--Arforghe (Tunisia)" (Abdessalem Ajmi); "Current Vocational Training in Latin America" (Joao Alexim); "Vocational and Technical School in China and Prospects of International Cooperation" (Y. N. Chen); "Interaction between Secondary Education and Productive Work in China" (Qian Tang); and "Education and Training for Employment in the United States of America" (Ray Ryan). (YLB)

This proceedings of the annual conference of the International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education (PME) contains the following research papers: "The Construct Theory of Rational Numbers: Toward a Semantic Analysis" (M. Behr & G. Harel); "Reflections on Dealing: An Analysis of One Child's Interpretations" (G. Davis); "About Intuitional Knowledge of Density in Elementary School" (J. Gimenez); "Understanding the Multiplicative Structure: Concepts at the Undergraduate Level" (G. Harel & M. Behr); "A Contextual Approach to the Teaching and Learning of Mathematics: Outlining a Teaching Strategy that Makes Use of Pupil's Real World Experiences and Strategies, and the Results of the First Teaching Experiment of Project" (T.O. Keranto); "On Children's Mathematics Informal Method" (F.L. Lin & L.R. Booth); "A Case Study of the Role of Unitizing Operations with Natural Numbers in the Conceptualization of Fractions" (A. Ludlow); "Constructing Fractions in Computer Microworlds" (J. Olive & L.P. Steffe); "Proportional Reasoning: From Shopping to Kitchens, Laboratories, and Hopefully, Schools" (A.D. Schliemann & V.P. Magalhaes); "The Fraction Concept in Comprehensive School at Grade Levels 3-6 in Finland" (T. Strang); "Critical Decisions in the Generalization Process: A Methodology for Researching Pupil Collaboration in Computer and Non Computer Environments" (L. Healy, C. Hoyles, & R.J. Sutherland); "'Scaffolding' a Crutch or a Support for Pupils' Sense-Making in Learning Mathematics" (B. Jaworski); "The Role of Mathematical Knowledge in Children's Understanding of Geographical Concepts" (R.G. Kaplan); "Speaking Mathematically in Bilingual Classrooms: An Exploratory Study of Teacher Discourse" (L.L. Khisty, D.B. McLeod, & K. Bertilson); "The Emergence of Mathematical Argumentation in the Small Group Interaction of Second Graders" (G. Krummheuer & E. Yackel); "Potential Mathematics Learning Opportunities in Grade Three Class Discussions" (J.J. Lo, G.H. Wheatley, & A.C. Smith); "Certain Metonymic Aspects of Mathematical Discourse" (D.J. Pimm); "Inverse Relations: The Case of the Quantity of Matter" (R. Stavv & T. Rager); "The Development of Mathematical Discussion" (T. Wood); "Estrategias y Argumentos en el Estudio Descriptivo de la Asociacion Usando Microordenadores" (J.D. Godino, C. Batanero, & A.E. Castro); "Computerized Tools and the Process of Modeling" (C. Hancock & J. Kaput); "Examples of Incorrect Use of Analogy in Word Problems" (L. Bazzini); "Children's Pre-concept of Multiplication: Procedural Understanding" (C. Beattys, N. Herscovics, & N. Nantais); "The Kindergartners' Knowledge of Numerals" (J.C. Bergeron); "An Analysis of the Value and Limitations of Mathematical Representations Used by Teachers and Young Children" (G.M. Bouton-Lewis & G.S. Halford); "A Study on the Development of Second-Graders' Ability in Solving Two-Step Problems" (F. Cao); "Understanding the Division Algorithm from New Perspectives" (D.W. Carraher); "Negative Numbers Without the Minus Sign" (T.N. Carraher); "Learning Difficulties Behind the Notion of Absolute Value" (I. Chiarugi, G. Fracassina, & F. Furinghetti); "Le Role de la Representation dans la Resolution des Problemes Additifs" (R.F. Damm); "Using a Computerized Tool to Promote Students''Number Sense' and Problem Solving Strategies" (N. Hativa, V. Bill, S. Hershkovitz, & I. Machmandrow); "Children's Understanding of Compensation, Addition and Subtraction in Part/Whole Relationships" (K.C. Irwin); "Factors Affecting Children's Strategies and Success in Estimation" (C. Morgan); "Assessment in Primary Mathematics: The Effects of Item Readability" (J.A. Mousley); "Social Sense-Making in Mathematics: Children's Ideas of Negative Numbers" (S. Mukhopadhyay, L. B. Resnick, & L. Schauble); "Children's Pre-Concept of Multiplication: Logico Physical Abstraction" (N. Nantais & N. Herscovics); "Building on Young Children's Informal Arithmetical Knowledge" (A.I. Oliver, A. Murray, & P. Human); "From Protoquantities to Number Sense" (L.B. Resnick, S. Lesgold, & V. Bill); "Prospective Elementary Teachers' Knowledge of Division" (M.A. Simon); "Relative and Absolute Error in Computational Estimation" (J. Sowder, L. Sowder, & Z. Markovits); "A Child Generated Multiplying Scheme" (L. Steffe); and "Salient Aspects of Experience with Concrete Manipulatives" (P. Thompson & A.G. Thompson). Includes a listing of author addresses. (MKR)

This proceedings of the annual conference of the International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education (PME) includes the following research papers: "Children's Connections among Representations of Mathematical Ideas" (A. Alston & C.A. Maher); "Algebraic Syntax Errors: A Study with Secondary School Children" (A. Avila, F. Garcia, & T. Rojano); "The Development of Conceptual Structure as a Problem Solving Activity" (V. Cifarelli); "From Arithmetic to Algebra: Negotiating a Jump in the Learning Process" (A. Cortes, N. Kavafian, & G. Vergnaud); "Continuous Analysis of One Year of Science Students' Work in Linear Algebra, in First Year French University" (J.L. Dorier); "Avoidance and Acknowledgement of Negative Numbers in the Context of Linear Equations" (A. Gallardo);"Introducing Algebra: A Functional Approach in a Computer Environment" (M. Garancon, C. Kieran, & A. Boileau); "LOGO, to Teach the Concept of Function" (D. Guin & I.G. Retamal); "The Concept of Function: Continuity Image versus Discontinuity Image: Computer Experience" (F. Hitt); "Acquisition of Algebraic Grammar" (D. Kirshner); "Embedded Figures and Structures of Algebraic Expressions" (L. Linchevski & S. Vinner); "A Framework for Understanding What Algebraic Thinking Is" (R.L. Lins); "Developing Knowledge of Functions through Manipulation of a Physical Device" (L. de Lemos Meira); "Students' Interpretations of Linear Equations and Their Graphs" (J. Moschkovich); "An Experience to Improve Pupil's Performance in Inverse Problems" (A. Pesci); "Algebra Word Problems: A Numerical Approach for Its Resolution: A Teaching Experiment in the Classroom" (G. Rubio); "Children's Writing about the Idea of Variable in the Context of a Formula" (H. Sakonidis & J. Bliss); "Observations on the 'Reversal Error' in Algebra Tasks" (F. Seeger); "Generalization Process in Elementary Algebra: Interpretation and Symbolization" (S.U. Legovich); "Effects of Teaching Methods on Mathematical Abilities of Students in Secondary Education Compared by Means of a Transfer Test" (J. Meijer); "On Long Term Development of Some General Skills in Problem Solving: A Longitudinal Comparative Study" (P. Boero); "Cognitive Dissonance versus Success as the Basis for Meaningful Mathematical Learning" (N.F. Ellerton & M.A. Clements); "Time and Hypothetical Reasoning in Problem Solving" (P.L. Ferrari); "The Interplay between Student Behaviors and the Mathematical Structure of Problem Situations: Issues and Examples" (R. Herschkowitz & A. Arcavi); "Paradigm of Open-Approach Method in the Mathematics Classroom Activities: Focus on Mathematical Problem Solving" (N. Nohda); "Reflexions sur le Role du Maitre dans les Situations Didactiques a Partir du Cas de l'Enseignement a des Eleves en Difficulte" (M.J.P. Glorian); "Diagnosis and Response in Teaching Transformation Geometry" (A. Bell & D. Birks); "Children's Recognition of Right Angled Triangles in Unlearned Positions" (M. Cooper & K. Krainer); "The Role of Microworlds in the Construction of Conceptual Entities" (L.D. Edwards); "The Cognitive Challenge Involved in Escher's Potato Stamps Microworld" (R. Hadass); "Study of the Degree of Acquisition of the Van Hiele Levels by Secondary School Students" (A. Jaime & A. Gutierez); "Spatial Concepts in the Kalahari" (H. Lea); "Integrating LOGO in the Regular Maths Curriculum: A Developmental Risk or Opportunity?" (T. Lemerise); "Young Children Solving Spatial Problems" (H. Mansfield & J. Scott); "The Role of Format in Students' Achievement of Proof" (W.G. Martin); "L'influence des Aspects Figuratifs dans le Raisonnment des Eleves en Geometrie" (A. Mesquita); "Children's Understanding of Congruence According to the Van Hiele Model of Thinking" (L. Nasser); "Prospective Primary Teachers' Conceptions of Area" (C. Tierney, C. Boyd, & G. Davis); "Probability Concepts and Generative Learning Theory" (O. Bjorkqvist); "Some Considerations on the Learning of Probability" (A.M.O. Salazar); "Gambling and Ethnomathematics in Australia" (R. Peard); "Mathematization Project in Class as a Collective Higher Order Learning Process" (H.G. Steiner). Also includes a listing of author addresses. (MKR)

This proceedings of the annual conference of the International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education (PME) includes the following papers: "The Knowledge of Cats: Epistemological Foundations of Mathematics Education" (R.B. Davis) and "PME Algebra Research: A Working Perspective" (E. Filloy); "Some Misconceptions in Calculus: Anecdotes or the Tip of an Iceberg?" (M. Amit & S. Vinner); "Difficultes Cognitives et Didactiques dans la Construction de Relations entre Cadre Algebrique et Cadre Graphique" (M. Artigue); "Unbalance and Recovery: Categories Related to the Appropriation of a Basis of Meaning Pertaining to the Domain of Physical Thinking" (R. Cantoral); "On Difficulties with Diagrams: Theoretical Issues" (T. Dreyfus & T. Eisenberg); "The Two Faces of the Inverse Function: Prospective Teachers' Use of 'Undoing'" (R. Even); "Intuitive Processes, Mental Image, and Analytical and Graphic Representations of the Stationary State: A Case Study" (R.M. Farfan & F. Hitt); "The Role of Conceptual Entities in Learning Mathematical Concepts at the Undergraduate Level" (G. Harel & J. Kaput); "Mathematical Concept of Formation in the Individual" (L. Lindenskov); "Pupils' Interpretations of the Limit Concept: A Comparison Study between Greeks and English" (J. Mamona-Downs); "Infinity in Mathematics as a Scientific Subject for Cognitive Psychology" (R.N. Errazuriz); "Organizations Deductives et Demonstration" (L. Radford); "The Teaching Experiment 'Heuristic Mathematics Education'" (A. Van Streun); "The Understanding of Limit: Three Perspectives" (S.R. Williams);"Self Control in Analyzing Problem Solving Strategies" (G. Becker); "Influences of Teacher Cognitive/Conceptual Levels on Problem-Solving Instruction" (B.J. Dougherty); "Can Teachers Evaluate Problem Solving Ability?" (F.O. Flener & J. Reedy); "Teacher Conceptions about Problem Solving and Problem Solving Instruction" (D.A. Grouws, T.A. Good, & B.J. Dougherty); "Math Teachers and Gender Differences in Math Achievement, Math Participation and Attitudes Towards Math" (H. Kuyper & M.P.C. van der Werf); "Teaching Students to be Reflective: A Study of Two Grade Seven Classes" (F.F. Lester & D.L. Kroll); "Students' Affective Responses to Non-Routine Mathematical Problems: An Empirical Study" (D.B. McLeod, C. Craviotto, & M. Ortega); "Accommodating Curriculum Change in Mathematics: Teachers' Dilemmas" (R. Nolder); "Teachers' Characteristics and Attitudes as Mediating Variables in Computer-Based Mathematics Learning" (R. Noss, C. Hoyles, & R. Sutherland); "Teachers' Perceived Roles of the Computer in Mathematics Education" (J. Ponte); "Mathematics Process as Mathematics Content: A Course for Teachers" (D. Schifter); "Psychological/Philosophical Aspects of Mathematical Activity: Does Theory Influence Practice?" (R. Scott-Hodgetts & S. Lerman); "A Web of Beliefs: Learning to Teach in an Environment with Conflicting Messages" (R.G. Underhill). Includes 27 poster presentation abstracts and a listing of author addresses. (MKR)

This collection of 24 articles explores how educational research, programs and policies in several countries are related to the issue of children's rights. Several of the collected articles focus on aspects of children's experience and development. Group membership, children's right to happiness, the development of an optimistic outlook among children, students' responsibilities, growing up at school, socialization, personality development, psychological effects of educational programs on immigrant children, the position of the teacher discussing controversial issues, the orientation of children toward work, child abuse and neglect, the human rights of the juvenile delinquent, and individual differences of children are among the topics discussed. Some of the articles explore social conditions and describe institutional practices. The relationship of class differences and equality of opportunity, educational practices and the rights of infants, education in the German Democratic Republic, sexual differentiation in educational programs, and problems of sanitation, education and society are among the topics discussed. Additionally, several articles examine the nature and methods of educational research and suggest future directions for such research. (Author/RH)

These proceedings consist of 62 presentations (21 written in French, 19 in English, 21 in Romanian, 1 in Spanish). The foreword appears in French, English, and Romanian. Papers written in English include the following:"Vocational Guidance and Change of Career: The New Demands" (Graciela Canessa); "Intervention Strategies. Youth Unemployment--"Compensatory Programs" (Mirta Graciela Gavilan); "Guide of Works and Experiences to Carry Out with the Video Used as Initial Stimulus" (Silvia Gelvan de Veinsten); "Occupational Motivation Questionnaire. Motivational Development and Vocational Guidance" (Raquel Migone de Faletty, Jose Eduardo Moreno); "Vocational Guidance, Its Challenges and Crossroads at the End of the Millennium" (Diana Rossi); "Career Information and Counselling in the Internet Era" (Phillip S. Jarvis); "Careerist, Wage-Earner or Entrepreneur: Work Values and Counselling" (Peter Plant); "Guidance for Career Planning--The European Perspective" (Michael Vorbeck); "Phare-Sponsored New Guidance Systems in Hungary" (Sandor Lisznyai, Zsuzsa Vajda); "Adult Career Development: Some Features from the Seventies to the Nineties" (Magda Ritook); "The Labour Market Today and Tomorrow" (Yvonne Bartholomeus, Saskia den Broeder); "Patterns and Effects of Mentorship in Career Development" (Gr. Nicola); "Perception of Standard Five Pupils (Grade 7) Regarding Technology" (A.M. Dube); "Technology-Driven Career Planning Programs in Spain" (E. Repetto, B. Ballesteros, B. Malik); "Teachers as Student and Parent Counsellors--A Possibility for Better Communication in Schools" (Kerstin Hagg, Svea Maria Kuoppa); "Careership: A Sociological Theory of Career Decision Making" (Phil Hodkinson); "The Role of Career Guidance in Societies in Transition" (A.G. Watts); "Development of Conceptual Model of the Careers Guidance Interview: Researching the Exchange of Meaning between Client and Practitioner" (Sally Wilden, Nelica La Gro); and "A Comprehensive Guidance Program for the Whole School" (Norman C. Gysbers). (YLB)