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Hemodialysis is the prime treatment method for patients suffering from kidney ailments. All the factors concerning its improvisation are of utmost research interest. From extensive literature study, it has been found out that there is still room for an all-encompassing model that depicts a structured analysis on all the factors that effects the dialyzer performance and toxin clearance as no analytical theories proposed could include all the factors that are involved in hemodialyzer operations. Moreover, the current dialyzer membranes fail to meet the trade-off of selectivity and permeability. This is very essential in the optimization of dialyzer design for maximum solute clearance from the toxic blood while retaining the essential solutes within the blood. This work is a review of all the major literature works ensembled in this process of finding the adequate design and analysis from each methodology or selection criteria of dialysis phenomenon towards the best design. The paper highlights the merits and the demerits of certain methods and techniques and outstanding designs that can be best incorporated in future designs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Tropical Meteorology (1004-4965) is the property of Guangzhou Institute of Tropical & Oceanic Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Tropical Meteorology (1004-4965) is the property of Guangzhou Institute of Tropical & Oceanic Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Tropical Meteorology (1004-4965) is the property of Guangzhou Institute of Tropical & Oceanic Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Tropical Meteorology (1004-4965) is the property of Guangzhou Institute of Tropical & Oceanic Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Tropical Meteorology (1004-4965) is the property of Guangzhou Institute of Tropical & Oceanic Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Based on satellite-observed precipitation data and reanalysis data, this paper identifies the asymmetric characteristics of Typhoon "Mangkhut" precipitation and its correlation with vertical wind shear, and further uses WRF for numerical simulation to explore the feedback effect of asymmetric precipitation induced internal dynamic process on environmental flow. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) The precipitation distribution of Typhoon "Mangkhut" shows obvious asymmetry. It is mainly concentrated in the south, while the average wind shear of the typhoon points to the southwest, and the precipitation is always on the left side of the downshear. (2) At the initial stage of typhoon development, the wind shear points to the direction of heavy precipitation, rotates counterclockwise and increases continuously. It reaches the maximum when turning to the south, and then decreases gradually. (3) The change of asymmetric precipitation location is accompanied by the change of asymmetric wind field, and it affects the change of asymmetric temperature and pressure field; the change of temperature and pressure field further changes the asymmetric wind and precipitation. Therefore, there is an interactive feedback between Typhoon "Mangkhut" and the environmental flow field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Administrative & Economic Sciences is the property of Al-Manara Consultancy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Dissertations of Cultural Landscape Commission / Prace Komisji Krajobrazu Kulturowego is the property of Polish Geographical Society (Cultural Landscape Commission) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Embryonic diapause is a special reproductive phenomenon in mammals that helps embryos to survive various harsh stresses. However, the mechanisms of embryonic diapause induced by the maternal environment is still unclear. Here, we uncovered that nutrient deficiency in uterine fluid was essential for the induction of mouse embryonic diapause, shown by a decreased concentration of arginine, leucine, isoleucine, lysine, glucose and lactate in the uterine fluid of mice suffering from maternal starvation or ovariectomy. Moreover, mouse blastocysts cultured in a medium with reduced levels of these six components could mimic diapaused blastocysts. Our mechanistic study indicated that amino acid starvation-dependent Gator1 activation and carbohydrate starvation-dependent Tsc2 activation inhibited mTORC1, leading to induction of embryonic diapause. Our study elucidates the essential environmental factors in diapause induction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Methods & Objects of Chemical Analysis / Metody & Obekty Himičeskogo Analiza is the property of Taras Shevchenko Kyiv National University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of View: Theories & Practices of Visual Culture / Widok: Teorie I Praktyki Kultury Wizuanlnej is the property of Widok. Fundacja Kultury Wizualnej and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Dissertations of Cultural Landscape Commission / Prace Komisji Krajobrazu Kulturowego is the property of Polish Geographical Society (Cultural Landscape Commission) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)