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Death, which begins with the birth of a living, is the biological end of life in an unknown time. As the biological existence of the deceased comes to an end, the grief, which includes different feelings and thoughts, emerges for the other relatives who continue to live. The aim of this review is to describe death and grief literacy and explain its importance in the family. Death and grief literacy aims to provide educational and empowering information on subjects such as making sense of their lives that begin with birth and end with death, the phenomenon of death and loss through death, the phenomenon of grief and and continuing life with grief. There are four dimensions of death literacy in the literature. These dimensions are defined as practical knowledge (talking support, doing hands on care), experiential knowledge, factual knowledge and community knowledge (others can help me provide end of life care, support groups in my community). There are three dimensions in grief literacy. These are knowledge, skills and values dimensions. Many factors such as the relationship with the deceased, how the death occurred, the mood of the grieving individual, and culture affect the dimensions of death and grief literacy. Death and grief are multidimensional issues. Therefore, many disciplines are responsible for the development of literacy in these areas. The family is the basic social unit in which people feel safe, interact, experience and share. The death of a family member can be a devastating for other survivors. It is important to understand the death and grief correctly and to develop the ability to experience it, in order to provide a correct and effective attitude towards life. In this context, it is thought that the development of death and grief literacy in the family will clarify many issues such as the phenomenon of death, the effect of the death of a loved one on the individual and the family, grief reactions, how to talk about death with children and adolescents, the effective role of family communication, the importance of social support, and the components of the grief. It is very important for family members to have death and grief literacy, to make sense of the death and grief of individuals who have experienced the death of a loved one, to recognize their grief reactions, to return to their former functionality and to become stronger. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Julian Barnes' Flaubert's Parrot (1984) is an experimental novel in which the narrator Geoffrey Braithwaite searches for parrots, multiple biographies, and truth(s) about the life of Gustave Flaubert. On the other hand, the novel has an infrastructure about Braithwaite's personal life and grief that flows simultaneously with the surface layer of the narrative. All these concepts are treated as 'holes tied together with string' in the narrative of Flaubert's Parrot, a phrase used for the definition of biography writing in the novel. With its intertextual, fragmented, parodic, and self-reflexive narrative, Flaubert's Parrot has been often read and analysed having Postmodern literary theories in mind, centralising the experimental aspects of the novel. In this regard, Flaubert's Parrot is a fruitful source to analyse with the postmodern consciousness as the novel approaches to past, history, biography and truth from the perspective that views these concepts not as solid, reliable or static, but as fluid, vague, and multiple. However, the infrastructure of the novel that is related with the loss of Braithwaite's wife Ellen occupies an essential part in the novel, forming its raison d'etre as Braithwaite indicates that "Ellen's is a true story; perhaps it is even the reason why I am telling you Flaubert's story instead" (2012, p. 86). This study, by making specific references to Barnes' memoir titled Levels of Life, presents how Braithwaite manages to insert his grief under the narrative of the search of Flaubert, his biography and his parrots. The study also compares Braithwaite's approach to grief and mourning with the Freudian sense of the concepts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is inevitable to see changes in physical fitness parameters with age. This study compares the physical fitness parameters, body composition, laxity, balance, proprioception, and muscle strength between different age groups. The study comprised 44 individuals in good health, divided into two age groups: 20-39 and 40-65.Body composition was measured with Tanita BC 418; balance was measured with a Biodex Biosway stabilometer device, and laxity was measured with a GNRB knee arthrometer. The isokinetic system (Cybex NORM, Humac, CA, USA) was used for strength and proprioception measurements. Anteroposterior, mediolateral, and overall stability index among the balance parameters between the two groups was significant. Among the groups, a statistically significant difference was observed in terms of body mass index (BMI), total body fat ratio, trunk fat ratio, and dominant leg fat ratio (p 0.05).With increasing age, it is essential to be aware of the negatively changing body composition and deteriorating balance and encourage participation in physical activity and exercise to prevent physical fitness loss, especially from 40.

Sanat eserlerindeki önemli temalardın birisi yastır. Sanatta, ölüm, yas ve annelik teması dendiği zaman akla gelen en önemli isimlerden birisi Käthe Kollwitz’dir. Kollwitz, 78 yıllık hayatının birçok döneminde yaşadığı kayıplarla baş edebilmenin yolunu sanat eserleri üretmekte ve toplumsal sıkıntıları anlatabilmekte bulmuştur. Bir tema olarak ölüm, Käthe'nin sanatında yaşamı boyunca tutarlı bir motif olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Käthe, bir yandan kendi kederi ve yası ile mücadele edip ölümü tasvir etmenin yollarını tasavvur ederken, kendi acılarıyla mücadele eden diğerlerinin savunucusu da olduğuna inanmaktaydı. Dönemindeki bir çok kadın sanatçıdan farklı bir yönde ilerleyen Kollwitz, expresyonizm akımını benimseyerek ses getiren ifade tarzı ile kendini gösteriyordu. Duygusal ifade bağlamlarında sanatçıyı özgünleştiren Expresyonizm, dışavurumcu hareket ve psikanalizden beslenmekteydi. Dolayısıyla 19. yüzyılın nesnel gerçekliğine karşı olan inancın yitirilmesi sonucunda içsel deneyimlerin, sübjektif yorumların temsilleri değer kazamaya başlamıştı. Bu metinde Käthe Kollwitz’in bazı önemli eserlerinin hem sanatsal hem de psikanalitik yorumu, yaşam öyküsü ile birlikte ele alınarak anlatılmıştır.

Copyright of Research in Sport Education & Sciences is the property of Ataturk University Coordinatorship of Scientific Journals and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Buca Faculty of Education Journal / Buca Egitim Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Buca Faculty of Education Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Aim: To determine the clinical and laboratory parameters that affect the mid-long term mortality of patients hospitalized for acute kidney injury (AKI). Material and methods: Patients hospitalized with the diagnosis of AKI in the intensive care unit and clinic of Nephrology for four years were retrospectively screened. The files of these patients were scanned. Demographic data, comorbidities, vital signs and laboratory parameters were scanned. It was determined in terms of factors affecting mortality in these patients (living and dying) over a 4-year period. Results: The effects of the variables found significant [age, presence of hypertension and coronary artery disease (CAD), sedimentation, C-reactive protein (CRP), urea, potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), pH and CRP-albumin ratio (CAR)] on mortality was performed using multiple logistic regression analysis, which was used to identify the independent risk factors of mortality. Multiple logistic regression analysis using Stepwise selection method revealed that increasing age (IQR=1.04, 95% CI=1.01 – 1.07, p=.004), presence of CAD (IQR =2.16, 95% CI=1.16 – 4.02, p=.016), increased Mg (IQR =2.64, 95% CI=1.18 – 5.92, p=.018) and K (IQR =1.70, 95% CI=1.21 – 2.41, p=.002) were independent risk factors for mortality. The accuracy rate for the predictive performance of this prediction model in predicting mortality was 71.1%, with a sensitivity of 26.5%, a specificity of 90%, and an AUC of 0.753. Conclusion: In our predictive model, in the medium-long term, we found old age, the presence of coronary artery disease, increased K and Mg as the independent risk factors for mortality in AKI patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ege Journal of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences (EgeJFAS) / Su Ürünleri Dergisi is the property of Ege Journal of Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences (EgeJFAS) / Su Urunleri Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Dental Sciences is the property of Turkiye Klinikleri and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study aimed to research changes in biochemical profile and oxidant-antioxidant activities of Damascus goats of different ages. The 45 non-gravid Damascus goats of different ages were included in the research. They were divided into three groups of 15 goats according to age: goat kids ( - ≤ 6-months age), young goats (2-3-year age) and old goats (5-8-year age). Biochemical parameters and oxidant-antioxidant activities were determined in serum samples using commercial kits and colorimetric methods. The lowest serum urea, blood urea nitrogen, aspartate aminotransferase, total protein, albumin, globulin and magnesium levels were observed in goat kids (P < .05). Concentrations of glucose, inorganic phosphorus, non-esterified fatty acids, albumin/globulin and alanine aminotransferase decreased with age in the goats (P < .05). Serum total oxidant capacity, total antioxidants capacity and oxidative stress index levels were increased in goat kids compared to old goats (P < .05). Furthermore the highest serum glutathione and glutathione preoxidase activities were observed in young goats (P < .05). An increase was determined in concentrations of serum β-carotene and bilirubin in old goats compared to goat kids (P < .05). In contrast, serum catalase activity, arylesterase, ceruloplasmin and uric acid values did not differ between the groups. The results obtained on the biochemical profiles and oxidant-antioxidant activities of Damascus goats will contribute to monitoring this breed's age-related health and nutritional status and establishing reference values.

Aim: Diverticular disease is one of the most common gastrointestinal disorders to date, with a notable rising trend in developing countries. However, the proportion of colonic diverticulosis and its associated factors among patients who have undergone colonoscopy remains controversial. This study aimed to determine the local data on the proportion of diverticular disease in the community, its complications, the association of diverticulosis with diabetes mellitus and hypertension, as well as demographic characteristics. Material and Methods: A retrospective review of medical records was performed among patients who had undergone colonoscopy between January and December 2019. Demographic and clinical characteristics, the presence of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and diverticular disease and its complications were examined, and the association of diverticular disease and its complications with demographic and clinical characteristics were analyzed. Results: Out of 221 patients, 12.7% (n=28) of them had diverticular diseases with a slightly predominant right-sided occurrence (42.9%, n=12). There were significant associations with age (p=0.002), ethnicity (p=0.011), and hypertension (p=0.036), but not with gender and diabetes mellitus (p=0.261, and p=0.334, respectively). There was no significant association between hypertension and recurrence of complicated diverticulitis (p=0.741), septic complications (p=0.678), and diverticular bleeding (p=0.243). Diabetes mellitus was significantly associated with diverticular bleeding complications (p=0.001) but not with septic complications (p=0.418) and recurrence of complicated diverticulitis (p=0.629). Conclusion: This study showed almost a similar percentage of diverticulosis compared to previous local studies. Age, ethnicity, and hypertension were associated with the presence of diverticulosis, and diabetes mellitus was associated with diverticular bleeding.

Copyright of Ekonomik Yaklaşim is the property of Ekonomik Yaklasim Dernegi (Ekonomik Yaklasim Association) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of ROL Sport Sciences / ROL Spor Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Journal of ROL Sport Sciences / ROL Spor Bilimleri Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of the study is to examine whether there is a difference in the visual and auditory reaction times of individuals between the ages of 7-15. A total of 162 students voluntarily participated in this study, including 82 female and 80 male students who were educated at different levels in Gaziantep and Kahramanmaraş provinces and who were not trained in any sports. The participants were familiarized with the visual and auditory reaction test, and 10 consecutive measurements were taken after they felt ready. The arithmetic averages of the last five of these measurements were taken and recorded in milliseconds. Measurements were made using special software programs (www.humanbenchmark.com, www. cognitivefun.net). As a result of the data obtained, significant difference was not found between the groups of female and male students of the same age (p>0.05). However, significant difference was found in reaction times as age progressed in males and females (p<0.05). In this study, in which we compared the visual and auditory reaction times of female and male students, it would be possible to say that age directly affects the reaction time in both female and male groups. As a result, although there is no difference in reaction times when female and male subjects are in the same age group, it can be said that there is a significant decrease in reaction times as a result of development and maturation in muscles and perception with increasing age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to research changes in biochemical profile and oxidant-antioxidant activities of Damascus goats of different ages. The 45 non-gravid Damascus goats of different ages were included in the research. They were divided into three groups of 15 goats according to age: goat kids (- ≤ 6-months age), young goats (2-3-year age) and old goats (5- 8-year age). Biochemical parameters and oxidant-antioxidant activities were determined in serum samples using commercial kits and colorimetric methods. The lowest serum urea, blood urea nitrogen, aspartate aminotransferase, total protein, albumin, globulin and magnesium levels were observed in goat kids (P < .05). Concentrations of glucose, inorganic phosphorus, non-esterified fatty acids, albumin/globulin and alanine aminotransferase decreased with age in the goats (P < .05). Serum total oxidant capacity, total antioxidants capacity and oxidative stress index levels were increased in goat kids compared to old goats (P < .05). Furthermore the highest serum glutathione and glutathione preoxidase activities were observed in young goats (P < .05). An increase was determined in concentrations of serum β-carotene and bilirubin in old goats compared to goat kids (P < .05). In contrast, serum catalase activity, arylesterase, ceruloplasmin and uric acid values did not differ between the groups. The results obtained on the biochemical profiles and oxidantantioxidant activities of Damascus goats will contribute to monitoring this breed's agerelated health and nutritional status and establishing reference values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Pamukkale Medical Journal is the property of Pamukkale Journal of Medicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Bakground/Aims: This single-center, cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the prevalence and patterns of cardiovascular symptoms and findings among pediatric patients aged 1-18 years, focusing on age and gender as potential influencing factors. Methods: Pediatric patients aged 1-18 with cardiovascular symptoms were studied, categorized by age (1-6, 7-12, 13-18) and gender (male and female) using electronic medical records, undergoing comprehensive clinical assessments including examinations, ECGs, and echocardiograms. Statistical analyses unveiled prevalence trends. Results: 720 patients were included the study and 53.9% of them were female. The prevalence of symptoms and diseases varied by age. Chest pain was common in 13-18 group; murmurs linked to congenital defects in 1-6 group. Valve and pericardial/myocardial diseases in 7-12 group, tied to rheumatic risks. Gender had minimal impact on patterns. Conclusion: The study underscores tailored management, age-specific considerations, and gender's minor role in pediatric cardiovascular symptoms and diseases.

This study was conducted to determine some bioecological characteristics of Lepomis gibbosus (L. 1758), commonly known as pumpkinseed sunfish, which spreads in Gökpınar Dam Lake (GDL) in Denizli Province. The fish samples were captured with an experimental seine net and multimesh gillnet from May 2019 to April 2020. During the samplings, certain physicochemical parameters of GDL were measured, habitat utilization, relations to environmental variables, feeding habits and interspecific interactions with other fishes of L. gibbosus individuals were observed. It is observed that GDL provides a suitable habitat for L. gibbosus in terms of water quality and other ecological requirements. A total of 1005 L. gibbosus individuals, consisting of 302 females, 605 males, and 98 juveniles, were sampled throughout the study, and biometric studies were conducted. In the population males were found to be dominant. The averages were determined as follows; total length as 5.82±2.09 cm (2.46-11.34), weight as 4.94±4.67g (0.20-34.65), and condition factor as 1.71±0.24. The ages were determined between 0+ to II+and Age-length relationship (VBGE) was estimated as 𝐿𝑡=19.85(1 - 𝑒-0.2744(𝑡+0.272)) Spawning occurs between April and June in individuals at the age of I+. It has been observed that the species exhibits good growth rates in this habitat, displays opportunistic omnivorous feeding behavior, preys on another invasive alien species, Gambusia holbrooki, present in the lake, and competes with the same species for habitat sharing. It has been determined that L. gibbosus has formed a self-sustaining population in GDL, but it utilizes a limited lake area as its habitat. In conclusion, GDL is considered as a hydrologically unstable and highly variable habitat. L. gibbosus population of GDL exhibits significant similarities in terms of bioecological characteristics with populations that spread outside its natural spreading area. As L.gibbosus is an exotic fish and might be have invasive traits, it is necessary to monitor of the population regularly, and control measures should be taken to prevent its spread to other inland water bodies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Humanitas: International Journal of Social Sciences / Uluslararasi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi is the property of Humanitas: International Journal of Social Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background/Aims: This single-center, cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the prevalence and patterns of cardiovascular symptoms and findings among pediatric patients aged 1-18 years, focusing on age and gender as potential influencing factors. Methods: Pediatric patients aged 1-18 years with cardiovascular symptoms grouped as murmur, dyspnea, chest pain, palpitation, syncope and cyanosis were examined, categorized by age (1-6, 7-12, 13-18) and gender (male and female) using electronic medical records, undergoing comprehensive clinical assessments including examinations, ECGs, and echocardiograms. Statistical analyses unveiled prevalence trends. Results: 720 patients were included in the study and 53.9% of them were female. The prevalence of symptoms and diseases varied by age. Chest pain was more common in 13-18 group; cardiac murmurs linked to congenital defects were more common in 1-6 group; valve and pericardial/myocardial diseases were more common in the 7-12 age group. Gender had no significant effect on disease patterns. Conclusion: The study emphasizes the importance of age-appropriate management and personalized management in cardiovascular diseases. Gender did not have a significant role in terms of cardiovascular diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Varicocele is the most frequently observed correctable cause of infertility in men. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the influence of age at the time of varicocelectomy on semen parameters and fertility. Methods: Infertile men who underwent microsurgical varicocelectomy between January 2012 and December 2019 were retrospectively evaluated. Patients were divided into 4 age groups as follows: group 1 including patients aged ≤25 years old, group 2 including patients aged ≥26 and ≤30 years old, group 3 including patients aged ≥31 and ≤35 years old, and group 4 including patients aged ≥36 years old. Results: A total of 138 infertile men were divided into 4 groups. There were 18 men in group 1, 58 men in group 2, 44 men in group 3, and 18 men in group 4. There were significant improvements in the mean sperm concentration, progressive motility, and total motile sperm count values in all groups after surgery. Significant improvement in sperm morphology was detected only in groups 1 and 2 (p=0.007 and p=0.005, respectively). There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of preoperative and postoperative sperm parameters. Total fertility rate and the number of patients having children with natural conception or assisted reproductive techniques were lower in group 4 but these differences were not statistically significant (p=0.083 and p=0.454, respectively). Conclusion: Varicocelectomy can be recommended for all infertile men regardless of age. There was no difference in postoperative semen parameters and fertility rates between the age groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Loss and the grieving process are a natural part of life for everyone, but they can become pathological without supportive conditions. Loss is painful and causes the person to experience deep grief. Individuals who cannot complete the mourning process healthily are forced to live with a loss they cannot resolve. The loss and mourning process, especially in childhood, significantly affects the person's life from childhood to adulthood. Different theories explain the grief process in the literature on the subject. Among these theories, the attachment theory developed by John Bowlby provides information about the grief process experienced, especially in childhood. In this study, the grief process in children is evaluated within the framework of the attachment theory developed by John Bowlby. The main issues addressed in the study are the significance of losses experienced during childhood, the stages of the grieving process, and the approach to the grieving child. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Diverticular disease is one of the most common gastrointestinal disorders to date, with a notable rising trend in developing countries. However, the proportion of colonic diverticulosis and its associated factors among patients who have undergone colonoscopy remains controversial. This study aimed to determine the local data on the proportion of diverticular disease in the community, its complications, the association of diverticulosis with diabetes mellitus and hypertension, as well as demographic characteristics. Material and Methods: A retrospective review of medical records was performed among patients who had undergone colonoscopy between January and December 2019. Demographic and clinical characteristics, the presence of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and diverticular disease and its complications were examined, and the association of diverticular disease and its complications with demographic and clinical characteristics were analyzed. Results: Out of 221 patients, 12.7% (n=28) of them had diverticular diseases with a slightly predominant right-sided occurrence (42.9%, n=12). There were significant associations with age (p=0.002), ethnicity (p=0.011), and hypertension (p=0.036), but not with gender and diabetes mellitus (p=0.261, and p=0.334, respectively). There was no significant association between hypertension and recurrence of complicated diverticulitis (p=0.741), septic complications (p=0.678), and diverticular bleeding (p=0.243). Diabetes mellitus was significantly associated with diverticular bleeding complications (p=0.001) but not with septic complications (p=0.418) and recurrence of complicated diverticulitis (p=0.629). Conclusion: This study showed almost a similar percentage of diverticulosis compared to previous local studies. Age, ethnicity, and hypertension were associated with the presence of diverticulosis, and diabetes mellitus was associated with diverticular bleeding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of International Journal of Education Technology & Scientific Researches is the property of Ayse Burcu Ulusoy and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Animal Production / Hayvansal Üretim is the property of Hayvansal Uretim (Journal of Animal Production) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Peygamberlerin hayatlarından kesitler sunan Yüce Allah, onların imanlarını, samimiyetlerini, sabır ve gayretlerini bize örnek göstermektedir. Bu örneklik serüveni içinde onların elçi seçilme dönemleri de zikredilmektedir. Onların peygamber olarak ilan edilmeleri ve bu vasıfla anılmaları, kimi zaman henüz dünyaya gelmeden önce ya da bebeklik çağlarında gerçekleşebilmektedir. Kimi zaman hayat serüvenlerindeki zorlu mücadeleleri aktarılarak onların peygamberlik görevine hazırlandıkları beyan edilmektedir. Bazen de onların uzun yıllar boyunca kavimleriyle yaşadıkları mücadele ve onları tevhide davet etmek üzere katlandıkları ızdırap hatırlatılmaktadır. Bunun yanı sıra kavimleri tarafından tanınmaları ve değer bulma süreçleri de ayetlerde konu edilmektedir. Peygamberliğin kırk yaşında verildiği şeklindeki genel bir kabulün İslam düşüncesinde var olduğu bilinmektedir. Bununla birlikte ayetler peygamberlik yaşı olarak belli bir rakam zikretmemektedir. Ancak Kur’an’da kırk yaşına işaret edilmekte ve farklı bağlamlarda kırk sayısına yer verilmektedir. Hadis kaynaklarında ise Allah Resulü’nün hayatından bahsedilirken kırk yaşında risaletle görevlendirildiği özellikle zikredilmektedir. Kur’an ayetleri insan hayatının farklı dönemlerine işaret etmekte ve bu dönemleri belli rakamsal ifadelerle sınırlandırmadan zikretmektedir. Zira anne karnındaki dönemiyle birlikte bebeklik, çocukluk ve gençlik dönemleri ardından yetişkinlik ve nihayetinde yaşlılığıyla insan hayatının her aşaması birbirinden farklı özellikleriyle öne çıkmaktadır. Kuşkusuz bu dönemlerin belli bir yaşla değil de belli bir yaş aralığıyla ifade edilmesi mümkündür. Çünkü her insan kendi hayat tecrübesini yaşamakta ve birbirinden farklı olayları deneyimlemektedir. Hayat serüveni insanın gerek beden gücünün gerekse muhakeme yeteneğinin gelişmesi bakımından önemlidir ve bu noktada herkes için tekdüze bir gelişim gözlenmemektedir. Ayetlerin de bu hakikatlere işaret ederek insan hayatı için bir sınırlama ifadesi belirtmediği görülür. Ayetler, bu farklı aşamaların genel niteliklerini ve öne çıkan yönlerini gündeme getirmektedir. Ancak istisnai durumları ve farklılıkları da hatırlatarak konuyu tekdüzelikten kurtarır. Peygamberlerden kimilerinin elçi seçilme süreçlerinin anlatıldığı ayetlerde hayat serüveninin farklı dönemlerine işaret edildiği ve seçilen kimselerin belli nitelikleriyle zikredildiği görülür. Henüz dünyaya gelmeden önce Hz. Yahya’nın bir peygamber olarak ilan edilmesi ve küçük yaşta değerli özelliklerin kendisine bahşedilmesi genel kabulleri ve değerlendirmeleri gözden geçirmeyi zorunlu kılmaktadır. Diğer yandan beşikte peygamberliğini ilan eden Hz. İsa, etrafında bulunan insanları hakikate davet ederek bir yönden peygamberlik görevini de icra etmiştir. Geçirdiği zorlu serüvenlerle dikkat çekici bir hayat sürdüren Hz. Musa, ayetlerde peygamberlik görevine hazırlık dönemiyle birlikte zikredilmektedir. Onun peygamberlik için uygun vakte geldiği ve böylece görevlendirildiği aktarılmaktadır. Günümüzdeki insan yaşıyla kıyaslandığında aklın kavramakta zorlandığı bir süreye işaret edilerek Hz. Nuh’un kavmini davet sürecinde katlandığı zorluklara yer verilmektedir. Allah Resulü’nün kavmi tarafından tanınması ve değer bulma süreci de ayetlerde ele alınmaktadır. Böylece peygamber olarak seçilme sürecine ve öncesinde yaşanan vakıaya dikkat çekilmektedir. Peygamberlerin seçilme sürecinden bahseden ayetlerin farklı hususlara temas ettiği görülmektedir. Kimi zaman bir mucize olarak sunulan bu seçim kimi zaman elçilik görevi için hazırlık süreciyle birlikte aktarılmaktadır. Bazen de sözü edilen süreç, ilgili peygamberin karşılaştığı problemi beyan etmektedir. Çalışmada, sözü edilen bu hususlar ayetler bağlamında sunulacaktır. İslam düşünce geleneğinde peygamberlerin yaşı konusundaki genel kabulün tefsir kaynakları çerçevesinde ele alınması, böylelikle ilgili meselenin tefsir sahasındaki yansımasının ve farklı değerlendirmelerin sunulması hedeflenmektedir.

A systematic experimental study of the Y 2 O 3 –Al 2 O 3 –SiO 2 (YAS) compositional system has been carried out with a focus on nanoparticle formation in the high SiO 2 region, where nanoscale phase separation occurs. The unique capabilities of the aerodynamic levitation coupled to the laser-heating method have been exploited and compared to conventional melt-quenching. This systematic study has mainly focused on the region where melting temperatures exceed 1700 °C, which is the maximum temperature commonly available for the preparation of glass by conventional melt-quenching. The feasibility and the effect of the two synthesis routes on the preparation of glass samples have been compared. The prepared samples were characterised by X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, Raman spectroscopy, and scanning and transmission electron microscopy. It is evident from the results that in the part of the phase diagram with SiO 2 content above 65 mol% and simultaneously Y 2 O 3 content below 17.5 mol%, the phase separation has led to the formation of amorphous SiO 2 nanoparticles. It has been shown that the size and distribution of the nanoparticles can be controlled not only by the chosen technology but also by changing the starting composition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To evaluate the frequency of pterygium and pinguecula in patients living in Bolu region and to assess the relationship between advanced age, UV exposure, smoking status, education level, systemic disease and presence of pterygium and pinguecula. Material and Method: This study comprises 1014 patients between 18-80 years of age. Demographic data, including age and sex, occupation, education level, systemic disease, smoking status and UV exposure, are questioned. A comprehensive ophthalmological examination was performed, and the presence of pterygium and pinguecula was evaluated. A p-value under 0.05 was taken to be statistically significant. Results: Among 1014 patients included in this study, 553 patients were in the control group (54.5%); 101 patients had pterygium (9.96%) and 360 patients had pinguecula (35.5%). Three hundred eighty-two patients were men and 632 were women. The mean age of patients was 46.33±15.83 years. Bilaterality was more evident in the pinguecula group compared to the pterygium group (p<0.001). Patients with outdoor occupation were higher in the pterygium and pinguecula group compared to the control group (p<0.001). UV exposure time was significantly different between groups (p<0.001). While UV exposure time was the highest in the pterygium group (median: 3.0, IQR: 0-4.5), it was approximately 2 hours in the pinguecula group (median: 2, IQR: 0-4). Education levels were lower in the pterygium and pinguecula group compared to the control group (p<0.001). Conclusion: Advanced age, extended UV exposure, outdoor occupation and low education levels are associated with developing pterygium and pinguecula. This cross-sectional study could contribute to prevalence studies with large series that would be held in our country in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To determine whether ferritin levels among elderly patients inflicted with Covid-19 are superior to several types of disease severity indicators. Methods: A retrospective and cross-sectional analysis was conducted on patients who were admitted to the emergency department of Ordu University Training and Research Hospital between September 2020 and January 2021, with a suspected or confirmed diagnosis of Covid-19. Patients had to be 18 years of age or older and have a glomerular filtration rate greater than 30 ml/min/1.73 m2 in order to meet the basic inclusion criteria. In addition, the data pertaining to the patients' chronic diseases, mortality status, hemogram, blood gas, ferritin, c-reactive protein, and vital signs were recorded alongside the information regarding the tests and examinations conducted for the diagnosis of Covid-19. The data set is divided into two parts: <65 years ≥65 years. Results: Four hundred sixteen patients were identified as meeting the criteria for the study. Out of the total number of patients, 321 were under the age of 65, while 95 were 65 years of age or older. The under-65 group's mean age was 42.50±12.73 while the older group was 77.89±7.34 years. The mean ferritin of patients 65 and older (249.59±261.45 ng/mL) was significantly more than the patients under 65 (169.76±210.44 ng/mL) (p=0.001). Only mortality differed between older and younger patients (p=0.049). The AUC value of ferritin in older patients was 0.700 (95% CI, 0.482-0.919), and the cut-off value was 231.55 ng/mL in the mortal group (sensitivity=66.7%, specificity=67.4%). Only ferritin levels were significant in older patients' AUC scores of mortality stats among the other biomedical markers. Conclusions: Some well-known severe disease blood markers, including c-reactive protein, are not as significant as ferritin in older patient mortality ROC curve analyses. Ferritin may be the strongest mortality predictor in older Covid-19 patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Anatolian Journal of General Medical Research is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ankara Üniversitesi Dil ve Tarih-Cografya Fakültesi Dergisi DTCF Dergisi is the property of Ankara Universitesi Dil ve Tarih-Cografya Fakultesi (DTCF Dergisi) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: In recent years, new developments have been incorporated into daily practice in the management of immune thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (iTTP). In particular, clinical scoring systems could help clinicians with clinical decision-making and early recognition. However, older patients frequently present with more organ involvement and in unusual ways. The ways in which age could affect these clinical prediction scoring systems remain unclear. We evaluated the use of PLASMIC and French scores in patients over 60 years of age. Materials and Methods: We performed a retrospective crosssectional analysis of patients over 60 years of age with a presumptive diagnosis of iTTP between 2014 and 2022 at 10 centers. We calculated PLASMIC and French scores and compared our data with a singlecenter analysis of younger patients presenting with thrombotic microangiopathy. Results: Our study included 30 patients over 60 years of age and a control group of 28 patients younger than 60 years. The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of a French score of ≥1 were lower in older patients compared to the control group (78.9% vs. 100% and 18.2% vs. 57.1%, respectively). The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of a PLASMIC score of ≥5 were 100% vs. 95% and 27.3% vs. 100% for the study group and control group, respectively. Our study showed a higher mortality rate in older patients compared to the control group (30% vs. 7.1%, p=0.043). Conclusion: For a limited number of patients (n=6), our results showed that rituximab can reduce mortality. Given that the reliability of clinical prediction scores for iTTP in older patients may be lower, more caution must be undertaken in interpreting their results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The loss of a child is one of the most traumatic experiences a person can go through. Parents who have suffered the loss of a child may bring another child into the world after or before completing the grieving process. Children born after the loss are referred to as subsequent children. The reality of loss and the attitudes of the bereaved parent affect the identity and mental state of the child born after loss. This study used the qualitative research method to understand the life experiences of children born after loss in depth. In line with the determined research method, semi-structured individual interviews were conducted with ten participants born after loss. The data obtained in the study were analyzed by thematic analysis. As a result of the thematic analysis, the main themes of "about the lost child", "the effect of being born after loss on life", "being a child born after loss", and "grief" were determined. The main theme "about the lost child" included information about the deceased sibling, objects and photographs, the cause and manner of death, images and fantasies about the sibling, emotions, and contact needs. Under the main theme of "the impact of being born after the loss of life", both the identity and psychological development of individuals, the impact on their career choices and their parents' attitudes were found. Under the main theme, "being a child born after loss", participants talked about being a scapegoat, a comforting child, or a gifted child. In the last main theme, "grief", participants gave information about their parents' grief, their grief, and their experiences of coping with this grief. It has been shown that coming into the world after loss affects individuals' identity, mental state, and choice of profession, and they may face negative parental attitudes. It may be recommended to monitor the grief processes of parents with child loss and to guide the planning of new children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Turkish Journal of Trauma & Emergency Surgery / Ulusal Travma ve Acil Cerrahi Dergisi is the property of KARE Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Bu araştırmanın amacı; düzenli yüzme eğitimi alan bireylerin yaş değişkenine göre sakatlanma risklerinin belirlenmesidir. Çalışmaya, 1 sene boyunca, haftada iki kez düzenli yüzme kursuna gelen toplam 22 erkek dahil edilmiştir. Her katılımcıya boy ve vücut ağırlığı ölçümleri yapıldıktan sonra, Fonksiyonel Hareketlilik Tarama (FHT) testi yapılarak çalışma sonlandırıldı. Elde edilen değerler, Shapiro-Wilks testi ile normallik dağılımına bakıldıktan sonra değişkenler arası farklılığın belirlenmesi için non-parametrik verilerde kullanılan Mann Whitney U testi kullanılmıştır. Katılımcıların Fonksiyonel Hareketlilik Tarama testi parametrelerinden; omuz mobilitesi skorları 16 yaş lehine ve rotasyon stabilitesi skorları 14 yaş lehine istatistiksel olarak anlamlı tespit edilmiştir (p0,05). FHT testi ile ilgili farklı spor branşlarında, seviyelerde ve farklı yaş gruplarında araştırılması, ayrıca yaralanmaların en aza indirgenmesi için antrenörlerin Fonksiyonel Hareketlilik Tarama testini belirli aralıklarla uygulaması gerektiği önerilebilir.

Objective: Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a childhood rheumatic disease that causes joint inflammation and tissue damage. Non-infectious uveitis is the most common extra-articular manifestation of JIA.The aim of this study is to evaluate the risk factors that play a role in occurrence and recurrence of uveitis and, to determine the relationship between arthritis and uveitis activity in patients with JIA. Material and Methods: This retrospective, cross sectional study included JIA patients with/without uveitis from a referral center in Turkey. The Juvenile Arthritis Disease Activity Score was used to evaluate the disease activity and calculated for arthritis and uveitis separately. Results: Uveitis was seen in 26 (13.3%) of 195 JIA patients. Of 26 JIA associated uveitis (JIA-U) patients, 19 (73%) had an oligoarticular subtype. The median age at diagnosis of JIA with uveitis was younger than without uveitis (p=0.015). Oligoarticular JIA was found to be associated with recurrence of uveitis (p=0.021). The occurrence age of arthritis and uveitis was significantly younger in patients with recurrent uveitis (p=0.041, p=0.002, respectively). The median JADAS27 score at the onset of uveitis was lower in the recurrent group (p=0.038). Conclusion: Early age is a significant risk factor for occurrence and recurrence of uveitis. It is important to remember that, during the disease course, patients with low disease activity may also develop uveitis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Vitamin B12 deficiency may have serious results and surplus vitamin may be guiding in the process/follow-up of some diseases. It was aimed to determine the vitamin B12 level (by retrospective screening) in children without chronic disease who applied to our outpatient clinic. Materials and Methods: After excluding acute and chronic diseases, vitamin B12 levels, age, gender, and the season of presentation were investigated in all patients who applied to the general pediatric outpatient clinic, only in children with complaints of fatigue, decreased appetite, and healthy child examination. Results: Three thousand one hundred and sixty three children were included in the study. Vitamin B12 deficiency was present in 5.5% individuals, vitamin B12 insufficiency was present in 23.6% individuals, and high vitamin B12 level was present in 2.1% individuals. The age range with the lowest vitamin B12 levels in both female and male children was found to be 14-18 years (p<0.001). Vitamin B12 deficiency and borderline deficiency were mostly seen in August and July (p<0.001). Conclusion: Vitamin B12 deficiency and borderline deficiency were observed in approximately one third of patients, most frequently in the age group of 1-3 years, and in the adolescent age group in summer season. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of International Journal of Educational Spectrum (IJES) is the property of International Journal of Educational Spectrum (IJES) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: This study aims to determine the frequency of vitamin D deficiency according to gender and age groups in children admitted to our hospital. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the pediatric clinic of a tertiary care hospital in Ankara. Healthy children whose 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were measured for any reason from January 2015 to January 2020 were included in the study. The vitamin D levels of the participants were analyzed according to age, gender, and measuring season. Children were divided into 4 subgroups according to their age: infancy (0-1 years), preschool (2-5 years), school (6-11 years), and adolescence (12-18 years). Vitamin D deficiency was defined as serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations ≤20 ng/ml. Results: A total of 16321 children were included in the study. The participants detected Vitamin D deficiency in 10777 (66%). The deficiency was mostly detected during adolescence (n: 6718, 51%). This was followed by the school period (31.3%), preschool period (15.1%), and infancy (2.7%), respectively. The deficiency was mostly detected during the winter months. While vitamin D deficiency was more common in women over the age of six, no difference was found between the sexes under the age of six. Conclusions: In this study, the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in children was found to be high. Due to its role in many physiological events, urgent measures should be taken for the prevention, recognition, and treatment of vitamin D deficiency in children.

Death is one of the most challenging and sorrowful life facts that strikes people's lives and disrupts routine natural continuity of life. As it has happened in the past, today's world struggles with unexpected unfavourable tragic events, and they bring undesirable outcomes for people even the loss of their dearest ones. The universality of death and its un/willingly accepted existence in people's lives maybe slightly help in relieving the pain and grief of those who are closest to the deceased. The communal rites or people's togetherness to heal the pain of death cannot be enough to terminate the individual agonies. In the way that it is exemplified in this study with this selected play An Oak Tree (2005), death places heavy and painful burden for people's heart and mind. Written by one of the most sophisticated and prominent playwrights of the contemporary British theatre, Tim Crouch, this play portrays the disruptive and tristful period of mourning that follows a death after a tragic accident. Being a notable playwright to expose the hidden and invisible tragic status of contemporary people, Crouch reveals humane feelings related to death like trauma, guilt, shame, the pain of loss in this play with unfamiliar strategies of theatre. With this study the timeless relation between tragic events, death and mourning is aimed to be encapsulated, and this study will also deliver the potential responses and reactions of contemporary people in the face of death via the characters of Crouch's selected play. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Archives of the Turkish Society of Cardiology / Türk Kardiyoloji Derneği Arşivi is the property of KARE Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ankara Üniversitesi Dil ve Tarih-Cografya Fakültesi Dergisi DTCF Dergisi is the property of Ankara Universitesi Dil ve Tarih-Cografya Fakultesi (DTCF Dergisi) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: Radiological Society of North America (RSNA) Consensus for coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) is developed to evaluate the lung involvement on chest computed tomography (CT) and create a common reporting lexicon. Aim of this study is to determine the frequency of CT features in sex and age groups in patients with COVID-19, compare the findings according to the RSNA consensus classifications, and evaluate the compatibility of the classifications and findings. Materials and Methods: Chest CT images of 281 patients with COVID-19 were evaluated. Patients were noted in the appropriate RSNA consensus class. The patients' data were analyzed by group according to age and sex. Results: The main findings included ground-glass opacity, consolidation, and air bronchogram. The common involvement patterns were as follows: bilateral, peripheral, and multifocal. The rates for the typical, atypical, and indeterminate classifications, according to the RSNA consensus, were 63.6%, 9.6%, and 27.0%, respectively. Subpleural fibrous streaking was more frequent in males. Air bronchogram, lymphadenopathy, pleural effusion, subpleural fibrous streaking, bilateral involvement, and a typical classification on CT features were more frequent in the = 65-year age group. Conclusion: While the typical appearance classification has results consistent with the findings, we think that the classifications specified as indeterminate and atypical appearance do not show sufficient agreement with the findings and revision is needed for correct diagnostic guidance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study determines the 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)D] profile according to season, age, and gender by examining the vitamin D levels of the patients who applied to Cizre State Hospital, which is the warmest district of Turkey, in 2021. Materials and Methods: 13,387 patients admitted to Cizre State Hospital were included in the study, and their [25(OH)D] levels were analyzed retrospectively. In the study, [25(OH)D] levels were evaluated according to the age, gender and seasonal differences of the patients. [25(OH)D] levels in serum are <12 ng/mL, severe deficiency, 12-20 ng/mL mild-moderate deficiency, 21-30 ng/mL insufficient, >30 ng/mL conditions were accepted as qualifications. Results: The findings of 9,800 women and 3,587 men were evaluated in the study. The mean serum level of [25 (OH)D] was 12.31±0.08 ng/ mL in women and 17.58±0.15 ng/mL in men. Amongst the age groups, vitamin D levels in both male and female patients were statistically significant (p<0.01). Statistically significant changes were identified across seasons, with [25(OH)D] levels in both women and men being lowest in winter and greatest in summer (p<0.01).The mean [25(OH)D] level was 18.51±0.17 ng/mL in patients aged 0-15 years (n=3,219), 11.86±0.12 ng/mL in patients aged 16-30 years (n=4,093), between 31-45 years old 12.12±0.14 ng/mL in patients (n=3,008), 12.39±0.18 ng/mL in patients aged 46-60 years (n=1,817), and 13.40±0.28ng/mL in patients aged 61-75 years (n=962). Conclusion: In this study, very serious vitamin D deficiency was detected in patients admitted to Cizre State Hospital. It is thought that low vitamin D levels may be related to the absence of vitamin D synthesis because of insufficient sunlight in winter, the closed dressing habits of the region, or foods deficient in vitamin D. Because of this study, the need for supportive treatment gained more importance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Vitamin D is an essential hormone for the health of the musculoskeletal system and acts in immune system, cardiovascular system and metabolic homeostasis. The aim of this study was to determine the vitamin D status of children in middle region of Turkey. Also, the study evaluated the age, gender and seasonal variations in the study population. Materials and Methods: Children aged 1-17 years who were admitted to a Secondary Maternity and Children Hospital in Konya were included in this study. The medical records of the participants were retrospectively evaluated from the hospital information system between July 2016 and December 2021. All patients were categorized according to age, gender, and season in which their blood had been sampled. Results: A total of 3547 children were included in the study. The mean serum level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in the study population was 16.45±9.39 ng/ml. The number of samples obtained in winter was 1063 (30%) and in summer 756 (21.3%), respectively. Only 7.4% (n=262) of the participants had sufficient vitamin D levels (>30 ng/ml) in the study population. Additionally, severely deficiency of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level was mostly measured in winter season (378 patients, 45%). Severely deficiency (352 patients, 41.9%) was most common in children aged 12-17 years. Among all patients, only 7.4% had sufficient serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels. Also, 5.2% (103 patients) of the girls and 3.7% (59 patients) of the boys had sufficient 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels. On the other hand, severely deficiency of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels was most common in boys (521 patients, 33.1%) than in girls (137 patients, 6.9%). Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency is wide spread among children in the world and in Turkey. Our study revealed that seasonal variations, age and gender affect the serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in children. In this context, the importance of vitamin D rich foods or vitamin D supplementation is increasing.

Objective: Cellular and physiological functions may be affected in an age- and sex-specific manner. The aim of this study is to investigate sex- and age-specific differences in the serum levels of Total Antioxidant Status (TAS), Total Oxidant Status (TOS), Oxidative Stress Index (OSI), Toll-Like Receptor 2 (TLR2), Toll-Like Receptor 4 (TLR4), Heat Shock Protein 60 (HSP60), Heat Shock Protein 90 (HSP90), and High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1) as well as to examine the correlation between them. Method: Four groups of mice, each including seven animals, were used in the present study: young males and females (6 months old); old males and females (24 months old). Blood samples were taken from the heart and serum was used to assay the levels of TLR2, TLR4, HSP60, HSP90, HMGB1, TAS and TOS. Results: HGMB1, TOS and OSI were higher in old females than in young females (p<0.05). TLR2 and TLR4 levels were higher in young females than in young males; however, HSP60 was lower in young females than in young males (p<0.01). HSP60 was lower in old males than in young males (p<0.05). Positive correlations were present between TLR2, TLR4 and HMGB1 (p=0.001, r=0.096; p=0.012, r=0.867; p=0.002, r=0.935, respectively) as well as between HMGB1 and HSP60 (p=0.049, r=0.756) in young females. A negative correlation was detected between HSP90 and TLR4 in young males (p=0.000, r=-0.982), and between HSP60 and TLR2, OSI in old males (p=0.014, r=-0.856; p=0.042, r=-0.772, respectively). Conclusion: The results of present study indicated that age and sex may be important factors for serum levels of TLR2, TLR4, HSP60, HSP90, HMGB1 and OSI as well as the correlation between them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the effectiveness of a pseudo sub-daily timestep model, which uses 6-hourly variable demands and daily rainfall values split into four equal 6-hourly portions. To assess the achievements through such sub-daily model, simulations were conducted using 6-hourly YBS (yield before storage), 6-hourly YAS (yield after storage), daily YBS and daily YAS models using rainfall data from a station near Melbourne (Australia) city under different input conditions. Results from the developed models were compared with the results of an earlier developed hourly timestep model, which considered hourly rainfall data and hourly variable rainwater demands. From the results, it is found that the results of YAS models are more accurate compared to the results of YBS models. Considering only potential water savings, daily YAS model results are very similar to the 6-hourly YAS model results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digital games have become an area that is considered and discussed in the social and cultural field with the economic incomes. Hence the criteria and evaluations preferred by individuals in choosing digital games have gained importance. Based on this idea, the aim of the study was determined as to reveal what kind of effects the gender factor creates in the digital game preference of individuals. In this study, a scale based on field study was developed and the effects of the gender factor in the preferences of the participants in digital games were examined. The quota random sampling technique was used in the study covering the X, Y and Z generations in the 14-54 age group. The people selected according to the sample structure in question were determined as n240 and the k=03 design factor was used. As a result of the study, the data obtained show that gender and age as a supportive factor are important in choosing digital games. On the other hand, it has been concluded that the gender element in the digital game preference of individuals is effective in the choice of the game type and the creation of the character profile. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Introduction: This study aims to determine the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency according to age, gender, and seasonal variables in children admitted to a tertiary hospital. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the pediatric clinic of a tertiary care hospital in Ankara. Healthy children whose 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were measured for any reason from January 2015 to January 2020 were included in the study. The vitamin D levels of the participants were analyzed according to age, gender, and measuring season. Children were divided into 4 subgroups according to their age: infancy (0-1 years), preschool (2-5 years), school (6-11 years), and adolescence (12-18 years). 25-hydroxyvitamin D less than 12ng/ml was defined as a deficiency, 12-19 ng/ml were insufficiency, 20-50 ng/ml sufficiency and more than 50ng/ml were defined as the risk of potential adverse effects Results: A total of 16321 children were included in the study. The participants detected Vitamin D deficiency in 5243 (32.1%). The deficiency was mostly detected during adolescence (n:3313, 63.2%). This was followed by the school period (23.5%), preschool period (10.5%), and infancy (2.7%), respectively. The deficiency was mostly detected during the winter months. While vitamin D deficiency was more common in females over the age of six, no difference was found between the sexes under the age of six. Conclusions: In this study, a high frequency of vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency was found in children. We believe that screening programs to be determined according to age groups can be beneficial to realize this deficiency without delay. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]