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To test clinically whether a small dose of ifenprodil can enhance the anti-hyperalgesic effect of ketamine in dogs, a prospective randomized cross-over study was done with eight mongrel dogs (weighing 16.9 ± 3.7kg). Animals received two distinct treatments: ketamine (0.3mg kg-1; KT) and an ifenprodil plus ketamine combination (0.03mg kg-1 and 0.3mg kg-1, respectively; IKT). Dogs were anesthetized with propofol (5mg kg-1 intravenously) and a subarachnoid needle was placed between the 5th and 6th lumbar vertebrae. Five minutes after subarachnoid injection of KT or IKT, an incision including cutaneous and subcutaneous tissues was made on the common pad of one hind limb and was immediately closed with a simple interrupted suture pattern. The dogs were treated again 20 days later, using the contralateral pad and the opposite treatment. Sedation score (SS), lameness score (LS), heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (fR), and mechanical nociceptive threshold using von Frey filaments, were evaluated before anesthesia and at 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 8, 12, and 24 hours after subarachnoid injection. There were no differences in SS, LS, HR or fR between treatments. The intensity of hyperalgesia was higher in KT than in IKT for 24 hours. The anti-hyperalgesic effect of IKT remained without statistical significant difference between 1 and 24 h. Prior subarachnoid administration of ifenprodil enhances the anti-hyperalgesic effect of subarachnoid ketamine in dogs. Ifenprodil can be co-administrated with ketamine to enhance its anti-hyperalgesic effect and to reduce acute post-incisional hyperalgesia without motor impairment and sedation. RESUMO Com a finalidade de testar se uma dose baixa de ifenprodil pode melhorar a ação anti-hiperalgésica da cetamina em cães, um estudo randomizado prospectivo no formato cross-over foi realizado em oito cães sem raça definida (pesando 16,9±3.7kg). Os animais receberam dois tratamentos distintos: cetamina (0,3mg kg-1; KT) e a associação de ifenprodil com cetamina (0,03mg kg-1 e 0,3mg kg-1, respectivamente; IKT). Os cães foram anestesiados com propofol (5mg kg-1, via intravenosa), e uma agulha subaracnoidea foi introduzida entre a quinta e sexta vértebras lombares. Após cinco minutos da injeção subaracnoidea de KT ou IKT, uma incisão abrangendo os tecidos cutâneo e subcutâneo foi realizada no coxim plantar comum de um dos membros pélvicos e imediatamente fechada com um padrão de sutura simples e interrompido. Os cães foram novamente tratados após 20 dias, usando-se o coxim plantar contralateral e o outro tratamento. Os escores de sedação (SS) e claudicação (LS); as frequências cardíacas (HR) e respiratória (fR) e o limiar nociceptivo ao estímulo mecânico, utilizando os filamentos de von Frey, foram avaliados antes da anestesia e uma, uma e meia; duas; três; quatro; oito; 12 e 24 horas após a injeção subaracnoidea. Não foram observadas diferenças significativas em SS, LS, HR ou na fR entre os tratamentos. A intensidade da hiperalgesia foi maior em KT que em IKT nas 24 horas. O efeito anti-hiperalgésico de IKT se manteve sem diferença significativa entre os tempos uma hora e 24 horas. A administração prévia de ifenprodil aumentou a ação anti-hiperalgésica da cetamina subaracnoidea em cães. O ifenprodil pode ser coadministrado com cetamina para aumentar seu efeito anti-hiperalgésico e reduzir a hiperlagesia aguda pós-incisional, sem alterações motoras e sedação.

The study was done to compare the heart rate, arterial blood pressure, arterial blood gases, respiratory rate, body temperature, and behavior after subarachnoid administration of hyperbaric morphine (MorphineD10), buprenorphine (BuprenorphineD10), methadone (Methadone D10), and 10% dextrose (D10) in conscious horses. Six adult horses were studied. Treatments were administered into the lombo-sacral subarachnoid space through an epidural catheter, MorphineD10 at 0.01mg kg-1, BuprenorphineD10 at 0.001mg kg-1, MethadoneD10 at 0.01mg kg-1, and 10% dextrose as a control group. The results showed that there are minimum changes in heart and respiratory rate, blood gases, blood pressure, and body temperature after subarachnoid administration of hyperbaric opioids in horses. No sedation and nor motor impairment or behavioral changes occur.O estudo foi realizado com a finalidade de comparar a freqüência cardíaca, a pressão sanguínea arterial, à análise de gases, a freqüência respiratória, a temperatura corpórea e o comportamento de eqüinos após a administração subaraquenóide de morfina hiperbárica (MorfinaD10), buprenorfina hiperbárica (BuprenorfinaD10), metadona hiperbárica (MetadonaD10) e dextrose 10% (D10). As doses de MorphinaD10 (0.01mg kg-1), BuprenorfinaD10 (0.001mg kg-1), MetadonaD10 (0.01mg kg-1) e dextrose 10% (grupo controle, 5ml) foram administradas no espaço subaracnóide da região lombo-sacra de seis cavalos adultos, por meio de um catéter epidural. Os resultados mostraram alterações mínimas nas freqüências cardíaca e respiratória, na análise de gases, na pressão arterial e na temperatura corpórea após a administração subaracnóide de opióides hiperbáricos em cavalos. Os animais não apresentaram sedação, ataxia nem alteração comportamental.

The study was done to compare the heart rate, arterial blood pressure, arterial blood gases, respiratory rate, body temperature, and behavior after subarachnoid administration of hyperbaric morphine (MorphineD10), buprenorphine (BuprenorphineD10), methadone (Methadone D10), and 10% dextrose (D10) in conscious horses. Six adult horses were studied. Treatments were administered into the lombo-sacral subarachnoid space through an epidural catheter, MorphineD10 at 0.01mg kg-1, BuprenorphineD10 at 0.001mg kg-1, MethadoneD10 at 0.01mg kg-1, and 10% dextrose as a control group. The results showed that there are minimum changes in heart and respiratory rate, blood gases, blood pressure, and body temperature after subarachnoid administration of hyperbaric opioids in horses. No sedation and nor motor impairment or behavioral changes occur. O estudo foi realizado com a finalidade de comparar a freqüência cardíaca, a pressão sanguínea arterial, à análise de gases, a freqüência respiratória, a temperatura corpórea e o comportamento de eqüinos após a administração subaraquenóide de morfina hiperbárica (MorfinaD10), buprenorfina hiperbárica (BuprenorfinaD10), metadona hiperbárica (MetadonaD10) e dextrose 10% (D10). As doses de MorphinaD10 (0.01mg kg-1), BuprenorfinaD10 (0.001mg kg-1), MetadonaD10 (0.01mg kg-1) e dextrose 10% (grupo controle, 5ml) foram administradas no espaço subaracnóide da região lombo-sacra de seis cavalos adultos, por meio de um catéter epidural. Os resultados mostraram alterações mínimas nas freqüências cardíaca e respiratória, na análise de gases, na pressão arterial e na temperatura corpórea após a administração subaracnóide de opióides hiperbáricos em cavalos. Os animais não apresentaram sedação, ataxia nem alteração comportamental.

Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-11T17:11:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2017-02-01. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2021-07-15T14:33:41Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S0100-736X2017000200137.pdf: 1334295 bytes, checksum: bfa9680f95cc0e618c0b28c543e3e9e1 (MD5) The aim of the study was to assess hemodynamic changes and complications of spinal anesthesia with ropivacaine at different baricities. Six beagle dogs aged four years. The dogs were anesthetized with isoflurane and subjected to the following treatments: Ghypo = spinal anesthesia with hypobaric ropivacaine (0.5mL of 0.9[%] NaCl+0.5mL ropivacaine at 0.75[%]); Giso = isobaric spinal anesthesia (0.5mL of 0,906[%] NaCl+0.5mL ropivacaine at 0.75[%]); Ghyper = hyperbaric spinal anesthesia (0.5mL of 10[%] glucose+0.5mL ropivacaine at 0.75[%]). After induction to anesthesia and maintenance with isoflurane, animals were positioned in right lateral recumbency for pulmonary artery catheterization through the left jugular vein. Spinal anesthesia was carried out with injection of 1mL of local anesthetic using a 22G Quincke tip needle in the L5-L6 space along 1 minute. Dogs were maintained under inhalation anesthesia for 60 minutes in ventral recumbency. HR, FR, MAP, CO, mPAP and body temperature progressively increased in all groups, whereas PCWP increased only in GHYPO at all time points. The TPRI showed significantly higher values in GISO at M1, M5 and M10 compared to the other groups, except for M5, during which GISO differed only from GHYPER. The PVRI increased at M5 compared to MB in GISO. Side effects such as unilateral motor deficit, bladder atony, excitation, acute pain and chemosis were observed. The hemodynamic changes were not relevant, although inhalation anesthesia with isoflurane might have influenced the results. The changes observed in the study demonstrate that motor blockade is likely to be obtained with isobaric and hyperbaric ropivacaine, thereby confirming the influence of baricity on the type of nerve fibers on the spinal cord. The isobaric solution results in a mixed blockade (motor and sensory blockade). Hemodynamic changes such as hypotension and bradycardia were not evidenced in this study, although local anesthetics were administered in low volumes and resultatogether with isoflurane anesthesia. Regarding complications, post-anesthetic observation is warranted in order to identify and treat possible changes. Spinal anesthesia in the conditions studied did not cause hemodynamic changes in isoflurane-anesthetized dogs and is thus considered safe for routine practice, although a few complications are prone to occur. Doutor em Ciência Animal Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária de Araçatuba (FMVA) Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Rua Clóvis Pestana 793, Dona Amélia Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animal FMVA-Unesp, Rua Clóvis Pestana 793, Dona Amélia Docente do Curso de Medicina Veterinária Hospital Universitário Centro Universitário de Rio Preto (Unirp), Rodovia BR-153 Km 69 Large Animal Department College of Veterinary Medicine University of Florida, 2015 SW 16th Avenue Departamento de Clínica Cirurgia e Reprodução Animal (DCCRA). FMVA- -Unesp, Rua Clóvis Pestana 793, Dona Amélia Doutor em Ciência Animal Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária de Araçatuba (FMVA) Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Rua Clóvis Pestana 793, Dona Amélia Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animal FMVA-Unesp, Rua Clóvis Pestana 793, Dona Amélia Departamento de Clínica Cirurgia e Reprodução Animal (DCCRA). FMVA- -Unesp, Rua Clóvis Pestana 793, Dona Amélia