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The study is dedicated to the impact of the speed and the acceleration on the preservation of the information equilibrium and the ability for critical thinking in the active person. The methods about the fast reading training are subjected to a critical analysis. On the grounds of the theory for the information equilibrium and the philosophy of the slow media, is derived the relation “slow reading – information equilibrium”. “Information equilibrium” is defined as “imposed by the information environment for natural and sufficient satisfaction of the individual needs, in the conditions of relative freedom.” It is supported the thesis about the rethinking of the positives of the fast reading and the rehabilitation and active promotion of the universal literacy in slow reading. The need of promoting the slow reading in the context of the requirements for urgent mass training on information literacy and for critical thinking at times of misinformation, fake news and post-truth has been empirically drawn and grounded. The author's suggestion is to move to a stratified and subordinate redefinition of the goals of the information and the media literacy. The idea is to develop a standard for “profiled” or “niche” information literacy – for each category of person (age, professional) to be written the relevant “maximum program” that does not exceed the rational and the advisable towards their potential. Keywords: reading, fast reading, psychology of reading, sociology of reading, information equilibrium, information disbalance, information literacy, media skills, misinformation, slow media, librarian as filter.

International audience; The actuality of the research is justified by the lack of serious scientific, social and politically engaged interest in the subject of books and reading among prisoners, which could reflect on the whole society, with negative consequences. This topic has been neglected even at state level in the former socialist camp. A comprehensive picture of the reading in the penitentiary establishments in the world is absent. There is no empirical study on the reading in the places of imprisonment in Bulgaria after the end of the totalitarian period (after 1989). A research interest of the library keepers and of the experts from the public libraries to the problems of the reading in the prison libraries is absent. The aim of the study is to answer the question what is the level of the readers activity in the prisons in Bulgaria and what are the perceived material needs of the prison libraries to meet the reading right of the prisoners. The subject of the study is the access to books and libraries in Bulgarian prisons and the accompanying risk of information discrimination of the prisoner – the feeling of intellectual isolation from the books, the world is reading. Subject of a direct interest is the right of happiness through reading and the opportunities for the welfare of the imprisoned reader. For the first time, a recap of the status of the prison libraries and the readers activity among prisoners in Bulgaria after the democratic changes of 1990 to 2015 is presented. Keywords: right to read, prison reading, access to books in prison, prison library, psychology of readers, sociology of reading.

The actuality of the research is justified by the lack of serious scientific, social and politically engaged interest in the subject of books and reading among prisoners, which could reflect on the whole society, with negative consequences.This topic has been neglected even at state level in the former socialist camp.A comprehensive picture of the reading in the penitentiary establishments in the world is absent. There is no empirical study on the reading in the places of imprisonment in Bulgaria after the end of the totalitarian period (after 1989). A research interest of the library keepers and of the experts from the public libraries to the problems of the reading in the prison libraries is absent. The aim of the study is to answer the question what is the level of the readers activity in the prisons in Bulgaria and what are the perceived material needs of the prison libraries to meet the reading right of the prisoners.The subject of the study is the access to books and libraries in Bulgarian prisons and the accompanying risk of information discrimination of the prisoner – the feeling of intellectual isolation from the books, the world is reading. Subject of a direct interest is the right of happiness through reading and the opportunities for the welfare of the imprisoned reader. For the first time, a recap of the status of the prison libraries and the readers activity among prisoners in Bulgaria after the democratic changes of 1990 to 2015 is presented. Keywords: penitentiary law; prisoners' rights; right to read; prison reading; access to books in prison; prison library; psychology of readers; sociology of reading

International audience; The subject of this article are the factors and reasons for the bad results in reading of the Bulgarian 15-year-old students in PISA’s international studies. The reference points of the analysis are the critical results from the last four studies – 2000, 2006, 2009 and 2012. The aim of this analysis is to bring up for discussion unformulated topics and reading angles which have not been covered, which may explain the reason for the critical results in reading, including in the European Union as a whole. The goals of the report are to look for arguments and evidence in communication theory, in the conclusions of sociological studies and to summarize the factors which may lessen the ongoing preoccupation with “mass non-reading” or the “drop in reader’s literacy”. Eight reasons for the critical state of reading literacy have been drawn: 1) basic illiteracies which stem from the incorrect attitude towards reading as a cultural technology; 2) the stereotype “book = literature”; 3) the stereotype “book = paper”; 4) helplessness of sociological tools; 5) the manipulative side of reading; 6) the harmful side of reading; 7) reading mutations; 8) the erroneous statement “Young people do not read”. The scientists are presented with proposals to concentrate on two academic points: “Theory and practice of reading” classes on each educational level and focusing research efforts to improve readership culture of adults, including development of the so called “Acmeology of reading”.; Объектом статьи являются факторы и причины плохих результатов в чтении болгарских 15-летних школьниках в международных исследованиях PISA. Начальной точкой анализа являются критические результаты последних четыре исследований – 2000, 2006, 2009 и 2012 г. Цель анализа состоит в том, чтобы поставить на обсуждение темы и незатронутые ракурсы чтения, в которых могут прятаться причины критических результатов грамотности чтения, в том числе всего Европейского Союза. Заданиями статьи являются: поиск аргументов и доказательств в коммуникационной теории, в выводах социологических обследовании, а так же и обобщение факторов, которые могли бы облегчить нескончаемое беспокойство по поводу „массового не чтения“ или „коллапса в читательской грамотности“. Выявлены восемь причин критического состояния грамотности чтения: 1) Основная неграмотность в результате плохого отношение к чтению, как культурная технология; 2) Клише „книга = литература“; 3) Клише „книга = бумага“; 4) Беспомощность социологических инструментов; 5) манипулятивная сторона чтения; 6) приносящая вреду сторона чтения; 7) мутации чтения; 8) искаженное утверждение „Молодые люди не читают“. Формированы предложения к ученым сконцентрироваться на двух академических ракурсах: на обучении „Теория и практика чтения“ на каждом уровне образования, и на том, как направить научно-исследовательскую работу на усовершенствование культуры чтения взрослых, в том числе на развитие так называемой „Акмеологии чтения“.