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This study aims to find out whether corruption in the court can be prevented with Information Technology (IT). This research uses a qualitative descriptive approach where the main data source can be processed from relevant and current literature material with the theme of this article as secondary data. Information technology is the most influential factor in changing the world today. The administration of justice is an activity that includes the provision of information, communication, and production of new information. There is no denying that information technology will affect the way justice administration works. Corruption that often occurs in courts (judicial commissions) is in the form of petty corruption, namely administrative or bureaucratic corruption with a power approach, namely the exclusive power of decision makers. The results showed that optimal use of IT can support efforts to eradicate corruption in the court by using E-Court, paperless court, E-Filing, E-Skum, E-Payment, E-Summons applications. These various applications can prevent judicial corruption due to the application of transparency principles, efficiency principles such as cost savings, reduction of illegal levies, ease of information transfer, reduction of case broker practices, reduction of opportunities for corruption due to potential conflicts of interest and face. -face-to-face, reducing gratification and bribery which are the main requirements of smart governance so that efforts to eradicate judicial corruption can be effective.

Urbanization is one of the biggest challenges in the world today. Sixty-eight percent of the world's population will reside in cities and urban areas by 2050. Transitioning to a smart city is the key to overcoming the urbanization challenges. This study aimed to develop a smart city rating system that determines the overall smartness score of Riyadh City. A mixed method approach was used: qualitative research involved interviews, whereas quantitative analysis utilized the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and multiple-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) to determine city smartness scores using main pillars and subfactors. The findings showed that Riyadh's smart city development is influenced by several factors. The smart economy carries a weight of 17.8% and a smartness score of 74.15%, while smart people holds a weight of 8.1% and a score of 59.79%. Culture diversity, education, and the Human Development Index emerge as the most dominant subfactors. Smart living carries a weight of 8.2% and a smartness score of 51.86%, with health and security being crucial aspects of human life. Smart governance carries a weight of 17.8% and a smartness score of 81.451%, with smart business services, transparency, open communication, and collaboration being the most important factors. Smart urban services hold a weight of 17.9% and a score of 43%, with transport, logistics, urban planning, infrastructure, smart parking, digital monitoring, and safety being the most dominant subfactors. Smart construction carries a weight of 3.9% and a smartness score of 43.83%, with sustainable houses and smart buildings being the most dominant subfactors. Smart mobility holds a weight of 18% and a smartness score of 52.34%, with congestion, accidents, transport efficiency, and a sustainable transportation system being the most dominant subfactors. Understanding the strengths and weaknesses of Riyadh smart city from the current research will help developers improve and maintain areas aligned with Saudi Vision 2030 while also providing a foundation for future research on similar cities or varying factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study concentrates on the question of what influence does each component of smart governance have on the effectiveness of Thailand’s smart city. The primary objective of this study is to identify the components of smart governance and examine the impact of smart governance components on the effectiveness of smart cities. This study is classified as quantitative research and was conducted through the implementation of a survey for a total of 767 residents in the cities of Chiang Mai and Khon Kaen in Thailand. In the examination of the data, we employed multivariate data techniques, specifically the methodology of Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). To achieve this objective, the measurement of Transparency (TRAN), Collaboration (COL), Partnership (PAN), Participation (PAT), Communication (COM), and Accountability (ACC) was conducted to evaluate the relationships with the effectiveness of smart cities (EFF). Our study finds that the variables include Partnership, Participation, Communication. Accountability, on the other hand, has a negative relationship with Effectiveness. Nevertheless, a negative relationship can be observed between the variables Collaboration, Transparency and Effectiveness. Within the realm of research findings, we emphasize the recognition of governance factors that can assist smart city administrators in formulating public policies and implementing smart city initiatives that actively engage citizens in the pursuit of sustainable development objectives.

An increasingly common practice for policy-makers is to leverage e-participation to collect citizens’ opinions and improve their decision-making processes. This practice, however, is hindered by the large quantity of collected opinions which are often overloading and hard to value. This is referred to as information overload. As a way to mitigate this challenge for policy-makers, this article develops a prioritization framework for citizens’ ideas collected through e-participation. The framework builds on Design Science Research and is validated on a real-world case in collaboration with the European Commission. The resulting contributions are threefold. First, theoretical criteria, popularity and polarization, are developed to prioritize citizens’ proposals. Then, automated and quantitative metrics are proposed to measure these criteria. Finally, a prioritization matrix is developed to visually assess the relative priority of these citizens’ proposals.

Purpose: Drawing on the stimulus–organism–response framework, this study examined the environmental stimuli driving tourists' internal, or organismic, states. In addition, the authors investigated the association of the identified organismic variables with the response variables during the COVID-19 pandemic. Specifically, the study examined how the associations between tourists' anticipation of recovery and the national government's smart governance, on one hand, and tourists' desire to travel domestically, their attitude toward domestic travel and their willingness to exhibit prosocial behaviors, on the other, further drive the satisfaction they derive from domestic travel. Design/methodology/approach: The authors used an online questionnaire to collect self-report, single-wave data from individuals residing in India, an emerging market (N = 421). Findings: The findings demonstrate (1) the association of anticipated recovery on the desire to travel and prosocial behavior; (2) the association of smart governance on attitude (although negative); (3) the association of desire, attitude and prosocial behavior on satisfaction; and (4) the lack of any moderation effect for perceived severity. Originality/value: This study is the first empirical study to investigate the impact of tourists' perceptions and dispositions and the efficacy of the national government on tourists' desire to travel domestically and on their satisfaction with domestic travel. The findings can help emerging market multinationals and global brands engage better with domestic consumers in emerging markets within the context of the current pandemic. In addition, the findings can help to prepare these players to handle future disruptions caused by global health contingencies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The concept of "smart cities" has gained recognition in the last few years because of the increasing urban population coupled with rise in the number of urban problems. Smart cities - usage of information and communication technology (ICT) to enhance the standard of living, thereby, represents a digital solution for the urban communities that aims for economic growth and sustainability. The present paper offers an overview of this innovative concept. Smart Mobility, Smart Economy, Smart People, Smart Environment, Smart Living and Smart Governance are the six pillars of a smart city. However, the article puts an emphasis on smart governance, while providing a brief description of all the other dimensions. By highlighting some of the benefits and challenges that smart governance offers to urban citizens, it presents the significance of collaboration between different stakeholders including citizens, public institutions and government officials. In conclusion, the study argues smart governance is essential for promoting good governance practices but there is a need to consider the other factors such as social inclusion and basic human rights while adopting this new method in decisionmaking process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current context for the development of smart cities is affected by the economic and social uncertainties generated by the multiple crises that are manifesting themselves in the European space both through the declining geopolitical conflict and the economic recession that the European Union is going through. We aim to conduct a study on smart city vulnerabilities in the current context of uncertainty in order to identify the contribution of smart governance components to increase social welfare. We will also develop a regression model of social welfare for smart cities using empirical and econometric methods (multiple linear regression). The results of the study will highlight the level of smart city development of 10 European regions (Bulgaria, Denmark, France, Germany, Hungary, the Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Sweden and the EU27 average) over the period 2012-2021. The results will be useful for national decision-makers to improve public policies related to smart city development in Europe.

This research pinpoints key drivers of smart governance in Prishtina, Kosovo, using a quantitative approach. A self-report survey with 1,536 respondents, selected through structured probability sampling, provided the necessary data. Principal component analysis was applied to assess the questionnaire’s internal structure, and regression analysis helped reveal smart governance predictors. Two pivotal findings emerged concerning Prishtina’s smart governance. Smart city management and smart collaboration were the most significant determinants, with the former demonstrating a slightly stronger correlation. These results underscore the role of effective city management practices and stakeholder collaboration in directing governance outcomes in smart cities. In light of this policymakers are advised to emphasize stakeholder collaboration in smart city initiatives. For Prishtina, this translates into increased cooperation, transparency, accessibility to data in management practices, and a focus on infrastructure and public services to enhance smart city governance.

Smart governance as a new stage in the development of public sector management brings many challenges to the cities of the 21st century. It opens new possibilities for how to maximize the socio-economic and ecological performance of cities and cope with negative externalities. But to achieve these benefits, it is necessary to create conditions for smart governance implementation. The paper aims to define the principles and prerequisites of smart governance development in cities theoretically and verify them in the real conditions of cities. Based on the theoretical review on smart governance paper identifies principles and prerequisites of smart governance development in cities. They are verified by research results of two sub-researches - one among the experts from academia and practices and one among the representatives of the cities in the Slovak Republic. The paper identifies also the challenges in the implementation of smart governance and the potential future research in the international context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research pinpoints key drivers of smart governance in Prishtina, Kosovo, using a quantitative approach. A self-report survey with 1,536 respondents, selected through stratified probability sampling, provided the necessary data. Principal component analysis was applied to assess the questionnaire's internal structure, and regression analysis helped reveal smart governance predictors. Two pivotal findings emerged concerning Prishtina's smart governance. Smart city management and smart collaboration were the most significant determinants, with the former demonstrating a slightly stronger correlation. These results underscore the role of effective city management practices and stakeholder collaboration in directing governance outcomes in smart cities. In light of this, policymakers are advised to emphasize stakeholder collaboration in smart city initiatives. For Prishtina, this translates into increased cooperation, transparency, accessibility to data in management practices, and a focus on infrastructure and public services to enhance smart city governance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The idea of a smart city and a new capital city in Indonesia is complex, so planning and the government's role are crucial. The purpose of this research is based on two big questions about the government's plan for preparing for development and the potential for smart city development in the new capital city. This study was done based on the results of a direct examination of official government documents using a thematic analysis approach and an analytical tool called Nvivo 12 Plus. This research was able to show what the Indonesian government's plans are and what they could do to build smart cities in the new capital city (IKN/Nusantara). The findings of this study map out six smart city support systems, which are the government's priority plans, including urban systems, safety and security, livability and urban life, government services, the environment and sustainability, and access and mobility. They all focus on technology adaptation, digitization, renewable energy, and sustainability. Despite these priority plans, there are still significant challenges to rethinking the prospects and potential for developing smart cities in the new capital city, especially the issues of human resources, budget capacity, infrastructure, and government bureaucratic adaptation patterns. This study proposes to set up a smart governance system to adapt to the new system, primarily to accommodate those problems and challenges. It can contribute to unravelling smart cities' complexities, challenges, and future development potential.

As the Internet of Things (IoT) is considered the foundation of digital transformation in everyday life, the Industrial IoT (IIoT) is considered its business counterpart. Together with the Physical Internet (PhI), they represent the foundation of smart production and logistics as part of the new digitized Society 5.0. Smart grids of different kinds with applications, ranging from power distribution to transportation, represent the infrastructure of smart cities and communities. Like with the PhI, they rely on the acceptance and integration of their services to fully unleash their potential. Hence, apart from the open interoperability model, which enables the interoperability and operational transparency of the IoT and IIoT, consistent design and development of their diverse augmented services is crucial for their wider acceptance as well as their safe and sustainable utilization.

With the development of the information age, big data analysis has become the basis for social management and the development of new ideas for intelligent governance. In this paper, the governance process of colleges and universities is presented and stored in the form of data by simulating the content of governance through the full domain data set, and the relationship between different subjects and object features is mapped through the generalized Cartesian product. From there, various data patterns are clustered to effectively manage various types of operations’ linkage. The multi-objective optimization algorithm is used to solve the Pareto optimal solution for different governance subjects, i.e., the mutual coordination between teachers and students. The objective optimization function is established to identify the Pareto frontiers of various governance programs and emergency plans. The results show that in the driving pathway of college big data governance, the correct rate of classification of policing grid governance events in 28 colleges and universities is 0.8279 on average, which effectively improves governance efficiency. Big data governance in colleges and universities enables college governance to continuously move from decentralized to centralized, from part to whole, and to achieve accurate and efficient governance modes.

Big data analytics (BDA) enhances knowledge and decision-making. Despite its importance, the connection between technical progress and political change is neglected in the administrative process. Most studies focus on e-government, e-governance, and how technology can improve existing operations of the bureaucracy. However, this article aims to explore the potential of BDA for public policy systems and provide a linkage for the transformation toward digital and smart governance using preferred reported items for systematic review and meta-analysis (PRISMA) approach to reveal the relevant documents and narrative review approach to interpret the application of BDA at each step of the public policy system. In addition, this study identifies several common public policy-related big data sources and techniques that could be used at the various stages of the public policy process. This study argues that BDA has the potential to be used for policy formulation in the four main phases—planning, design, service delivery, and evaluation. Most studies confirm its potential in the policy process for taxation, health, education, transportation, law, economy, and social system. This study reveals that it is also suitable for public policy execution stages, such as public supervision, public regulation, service delivery, and policy feedback. Previous studies have indicated that the application of BDA can transform traditional or manual governance systems into digital and smart governance. We contend that the policy cycle should be seen as a dynamic and iterative process characterized by continuous evolution. Though each step of transformation has its unique challenges in handling BDA and maintaining the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) infrastructure, it can ensure an accurate, prompt, and context-oriented public policy system. These insights provide a novel outlook on effectively managing the interplay between innovation and traditional approaches in the realm of public policy development. Plain Language Summary: Importance: Big data analytics (BDA) enhances knowledge and decision-making. Despite its importance, the connection between technical progress and political change is neglected in the administrative process. Most studies focus on e-government, e-governance, and how technology can improve existing operations of the bureaucracy. Aims: However, this article aims to explore the potential of BDA for public policy systems and provide a linkage for the transformation toward digital and smart governance using preferred reported items for systematic review and meta-analysis (PRISMA) approach to reveal the relevant documents and narrative review approach to interpret the application of BDA at each step of the public policy system. In addition, this study identifies several common public policy-related big data sources and techniques that could be used at the various stages of the public policy process. Findings: This study argues that BDA has the potential to be used for policy formulation in the four main phases—planning, design, service delivery, and evaluation. Most studies confirm its potential in the policy process for taxation, health, education, transportation, law, economy, and social system. This study reveals that it is also suitable for public policy execution stages, such as public supervision, public regulation, service delivery, and policy feedback. Implications: Previous studies have indicated that the application of BDA can transform traditional or manual governance systems into digital and smart governance. Though each step of transformation has its unique challenges in handling BDA and maintaining the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) infrastructure, it can ensure an accurate, prompt, and context-oriented public policy system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study focuses on institutional arrangements and policy formulation to develop a smart governance framework for integrated public service management in local governments. It also examines the challenges faced by local governments in implementing integrated public service management based on smart governance analysis. The article discusses the findings related to the smart governance institutional model, particularly in the context of the City Government of Makassar, which aims to become a smart city with smart city-based integrated public services, emphasizing smart governance as a key component. The research employs qualitative methods, gathering information and findings from existing literature. The article presents insights into the establishment of a smart governance institutional model for innovative integrated public service management in local governments, driven by the objective of achieving effective and efficient governance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explores an efficient approach to providing customized public services through a smart governance-based public service innovation model (SG-PSIM) that combines intelligent technology and co-creation. Multiple methodological approaches are applied to develop and evaluate the proposed SG-PSIM. Intelligent methodologies that can support the public service policy process are discussed, and the applicability of the SG-PSIM is demonstrated through four case studies. The study results showed that SG-PSIM can effectively collect the opinions of citizens in diverse ways and provide opportunities for citizens to actively participate in the development of public service policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The policy of the electronification of regional payment transactions (ERPT) is one of the innovations implemented by Indonesia due to the COVID-19 pandemic so as to increase the economic activity and revenue. This study is aimed at increasing the understanding of smart governance, the contactless economy, and regional income in North Sumatra Province, Indonesia, and globally the new normal and the post-COVID-19 eras. This research study was carried out using the primary data obtained through questionnaires in 2021 applying the purposive sampling method and processed using the Structural Equation Model-Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) models. Based on the six hypotheses proposed in this study, the results show that performance expectancy, the social influence, and the facilitating condition have a positive and significant impact on the behavioral use of the noncash payment transactions of taxes and levies in North Sumatra Province. On the other hand, the effort expectancy has no significant impact on the cashless transaction of paying taxes and levies in the North Sumatra Province.

Knowledge about how marginalised citizens use urban spaces is hard to access and apply in urban planning and policy. Based on current debates around “smart cities” and “smart governance,” the City of Odense, in Denmark, has tested the integration of “smart engagement” by means of GPS-tracking techniques into the municipality’s cross-sectoral strategy for an “inclusive city.” In a period of austerity, cities have the incentive to optimise public services. Hence, GPS-tracking data was produced by 64 marginalised citizens, resulting in a data inventory covering three weeks of spatial behaviour. First, this article shows how these GPS-tracking data were processed into maps without revealing person-sensitive spatial patterns. Secondly, the article explores whether such maps and the GPS-tracking techniques that underpin them are considered valid, relevant, and applicable to urban planning from the perspectives of marginalised citizens, their representatives, and municipal planners and professionals respectively. The GPS project showed shortcomings as regards the quality of the data inventory and the representativity of the mapped behaviour, which made them inapplicable for optimising dedicated public service. However, the article also finds that the GPS-based maps succeeded in being non-person sensitive and in providing a valuable platform for citizen-centric dialogues with marginalised citizens with the potential for raising awareness and increasing knowledge about this citizen group’s living conditions and urban lives. An important derived effect of the project is that it has ensured ongoing cross-sectoral collaboration among a range of professional stakeholders, imperative for ensuring creating greater equity in urban planning.

The smart city epitomizes a new paradigm shift in urban planning, policy, and cities. Smart cities require and are powered by smart city principles to succeed, including smart technologies, smart infrastructure, and smart governance; however, they also need to engage closely with the citizens who are most affected by the deployment of the smart city and who also embrace the diverse perspectives, experiences, and opportunities of living in smart cities, i.e., smart engagement. What would be forms of collaborative democracy and inclusive citizen participation in smart city planning? To what extent can smart city planning respond and address inequality, justice, and social and digital division? How can we create community-based climate change planning with the smart? What would be a smart community platform that supports smart engagement, and how do cities around the world establish smart city policy and assess the impact on smart engagement? This thematic issue aims to answer these questions by exploring new visions, facets and methods, practices, and tools for enabling smart engagement. Drawing on research from various countries and cities across the world, the contributions bring new prospects of smart engagement and smart urbanism and illuminate how the theory, plan and policy, and practices of smart engagements are binding to the extent of citizen participation and engagement in smart cities.

The concept of a smart city is widely implemented all over the world, and this fact creates both possibilities and new challenges for all participants and stakeholders of the process. This study examines the implementation of smart governance in the context of smart cities. The goal of the research is to distinguish between the effects and externalities of the smart governance domain, both positive and negative ones; the effects and externalities are elicited from the outcomes of smart governance implementation revealed from a review of scientific publications devoted to the results, barriers, and facilitators of smart governance functioning. The publications were selected according to a systematic review methodology, then the selected articles were analyzed and the factors that foster the processes of smart governance implementation (facilitators) or vice versa hamper the acquisition of results (barriers), as well as the outcomes of smart governance, were extracted. The extracted factors were attributed to six areas: Information, Efficiency, Citizen-Centricity, Transparency, Digital Divide, and Regulation. Further, the outcomes of smart governance implementation were distinguished as effects and externalities, which were both positive and negative.

Smart city projects rely upon dynamic and complex multi-stakeholder collaboration. This collaboration can be challenging. In this study, we use an instrumental lens and argue that tools can help public professionals in dealing with smart governance challenges. Building upon smart governance and collaborative governance models, we conceptualize smart governance as a toolbox. Based on our “smart governance toolbox”, we assess the variety of tools available for professionals to initiate and support multi-stakeholder collaboration by reviewing academic and grey literature. This review results in the identification of a broad range of tools that research and practice have developed. However, we also demonstrate that certain parts of the ‘smart governance toolbox’ remain almost empty: there are few tools for assessing the smart collaborative governance context, facilitating the collaborative structure, tackling technology issues, and measuring outcomes of smart city practices. Future design research should focus on developing instruments needed to make the smart governance toolbox complete.

In smart city practice, urban policymakers show to focus foremost on the technologies sec. This often leads to quite uniform, technocratic and corporate-led ways of handling urban issues. In contrast, more attention should be paid to the question of appropriateness of smart city technologies. This entails that quite uniform urban issues in different contexts ask for distinctive approaches and as a consequence, for specific smart city technologies. In other words, the context plays a decisive role in the choice for the urban issues themselves and in the ways to ‘solve’ or govern these, and in the choice for specific smart city technologies. This study examines the role of context in the handling of urban issues with the help of smart city technologies in three smart city projects: Hangzhou City Brain (China), Singapore Smart Nation, and Amsterdam Smart City (the Netherlands). The results reveal that the specific contextual factors influence urban city developments and the application therein of smart city technologies. This includes: a technology-driven management approach to fixing Hangzhou's traffic congestion; a mixed technocratic and platform-oriented approach to effecting transformation in Singapore's government services, businesses and urban living; and a platform-oriented, open-minded mechanism to improve Amsterdam's livability and economic prosperity. This paper concludes that rather than treating the technology itself as smart, the real smartness in smart cities is to develop and implement appropriate technologies according to its local context to solve targeted urban issues.

With the growing implementation of smart city projects and the significance of the research problem related to effective design thinking, the opinion of the ordinary citizens have become very relevant and contemporary. The current paper presents a quantitative empirical study focused on the attitudes towards and the readiness to accept smart cities in the specific context of Qatar. The study employs a survey questionnaire as a data collection tool. The survey is distributed online among a sample of 40 respondents from Qatar, including both residents and non-residents of smart cities in the country. Even though the sample is not representative of the Qatari population, the present study provides preliminary findings and fundamental insights into this novel topic in a specific socio-economic context. The major findings of the study uncovered that the respondents show quite positive attitudes toward diverse aspects related to smart economy, smart people, smart governance, smart mobility, smart environment, and smart living, as well as significant readiness to accept this lifestyle. However, the respondents demonstrate concerns related to the privacy and security of the people living in smart cities. The superiority of fundamental aspects of life like housing and healthcare in smart cities compared to conventional ones are also questioned by the respondents.

Renewable energy communities, first outlined in the European Directives and recently transposed into the Italian regulatory framework, are introduced as innovative entities capable of fostering cooperation between active and passive users involved in the production, sharing, and use of locally produced energy according to innovative management schemes. Renewable energy communities empower the end-customers. Citizens and legal entities are committed to a rational and economical use of energy to achieve the community’s climate neutrality goals and pursue the ecological and energy transition objectives defined in the national recovery and resilience plan. In the future, a significant number of energy communities different actors participating from the residential, industrial, commercial, and tertiary sectors are expected to develop within city districts or in suburban settings. This paper proposes and develops a methodology capable of bridging the complexity that can characterise the prototyping, implementation, and management of an energy community within a positive energy district. The approach presented here can also be extended to other application contexts in urban or rural settings. Requirements and best practices for administrative, technical, and technological management have been identified to achieve this goal. Italy is one of the first states to embed in its regulatory framework the European Directives regarding renewable energy communities. These will have a significant impact on network management models and will provide new ways for creating social inclusion that may help achieve climate sustainability goals. A governance model has been formalised for the empowerment of energy community members, outlining a framework useful for planning the proper implementation of a renewable energy community according to current Italian regulations.

This study explores how the perception of specific aspects of smart governance affects the business environment as to attract investment. To this end, we used a survey design and collected data from Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, and Hangzhou. A total of 500 responses from different industries and companies were obtained and then empirically analyzed using ridge regression and intermediary effect models. We found that the perception of smart governance enhances investment due to strong governance and abundant business opportunities. Natural sustainability attracts investment directly because, when cities become smart, they tend to improve their sustainability and attract talent and capital inflows. This external participation has a direct impact on enterprise investment because it creates more business opportunities. An improved social credit system represents the comprehensive progress of the business environment and positively mediates smart governance and investment. This is the first study to combine the key elements of smart governance, the development stage of smart governance, and various dimensions of the business environment to analyze the influence of smart governance perceptions on commercial investments.

The use of ICT to optimize urban processes, activities, efficiency and effectiveness of services turns cities into smart. Smart cities make it necessary to plan, monitor and analyze the city, except for the routine functions of the city. The study examined what smart city research projects are in five representative smart cities (London, New York, Singapore, Barcelona, and Istanbul) and whether there are similarities or differences in background assumptions. The literature used has a global reach; cities around the world have been chosen for comparison. By evaluating the existing literature, it has been evaluated that smart cities are the most successful and the weakest issues. Despite the centrality of New York and London's smart city policies; they are fairly superior in economic competition. Public participation in smart city projects is already weak in Singapore and Istanbul. Barcelona has a more participatory policy than other cities, but it needs to develop a smart governance perspective. The study concludes with how the smart city ideology achieves its goals. The study adds value to smart city research by a critical look at the subject. Combining the results of practical smart city initiatives, it concludes the practicality and usefulness of smart city development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One way to improve Indonesia's ranking in terms of ease of conducting business is by taking a closer look at the business licensing process. This study aims to carry out an assessment using a smart governance framework and recommendation capabilities from the Enterprise System (ES). As a result, the recommendations for improvement with the expected priority are generated. The stages of this research are observing the process of making bio-business permits, followed by interviews related to several Enterprise Architecture (EA) capabilities, and providing recommendations based on the results of the maturity level of IT governance. These recommendations are then mapped into an impact—effort matrix for program prioritization. The recommendations for bio-business licenses can also be used to improve the process for other business licenses. Implementation of the EA framework has been proven to align technology, organization, and processes so that it can support continuous improvement processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A smart co-operative management framework aims to apply ICT to provide better services and increase management efficiency. The findings of previous studies suggest that the framework is suitable for any co-operative organization that uses information technology to improve its services, management, and governance. Therefore, this paper has applied a smart co-operative management conceptual model to a smart co-operative management framework. It is a smart co-operative management concept that complies with strategic management for responding to technological disruption. A smart co-operative management framework combines business and technology to align the concept to establish efficiency and governance in co-operative management. This paper presents a smart co-operative management framework based on the EA concept for sustainable development in co-operative management. This framework was developed through a smart co-operative conceptual model, comprehensive literature review, and requirement analysis based on the conceptual framework consisting of five layers: business, application, data and information, infrastructure and technology, and governance. Content validity was used for evaluation. This framework demonstrates that technology could enhance the co-operative sector through the layers of applications, data, and information supported by infrastructure and technology. This study shows the framework for sustainable development co-operatives in the co-operative sector. It also creates value through enterprise architecture (EA) and the smart co-operative management concept. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Plenteous research has been undertaken on the direct effects of artificial intelligence (AI) on smart decision-making. However, little attention has been paid to contextual factors such as the Internet of Things (IoT) and smart governance that mediate the relationship between AI and smart decision-making. This research investigates direct, mediating, and parallel-sequential multiple mediating interactions between AI, the IoT, smart governance, and smart decision-making. We used a self-structured survey to collect cross-sectional data from citizens in the Republic of Korea, and 516 responses were examined using SmartPLS structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). A parallel-sequential multiple mediator framework is assessed using the Hayes Process Model with bootstrapping. Our results reveal a substantial and favorable multi-mediating effect from the IoT and smart governance on the relationship between AI applications and smart decision-making, as predicted. Previous scholars have investigated a few factors that influence decision-making, but our research contributes to the literature of applied and social sciences, including traditional decision theory, by examining the impact of multi-mediating factors on smart decision-making. This study presents both theoretical and practical implications for scholars and policymakers engaged in the development of smart cities. Additionally, this study provides recommendations for future research.

Smart cities have seen a growing interest among governments, researchers, and industries. Smart cities use digital technologies to enhance the quality of life for residents while promoting sustainability and efficient resource management. By integrating various technologies such as Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), and Internet of Things (IoT), smart cities can improve the delivery of public services, optimize transportation systems, reduce energy consumption, and enhance public safety, among other benefits. Smart cities focus on automating different disciplines, including smart environment, smart home, smart economy, smart mobility, and smart governance. As a result, multi-agent driven smart cities have received tremendous attention from the research community for obtaining intelligent solutions to complex problems in different disciplines by subdividing responsibilities into multiple agents and empowering agents through AI. In this regard, it is vital to explore the usage of multi-agent systems in different critical application areas of smart cities. In this paper, a detailed description of the multi-agent process for smart city application areas is provided, along with resources and future research directions. Four different application areas: smart home, smart governance, smart environment, and smart mobility are discussed in detail.

The trend towards an increasing role of citizens in public governance suggests that the interaction between population and the state should be refined. The paper aims to build a conceptual model of the functioning of digital participation channels in the Smart Environment. Methodologically, the study rests on the systems theory and the concept of smart governance; applies methods of systematic field coverage and structuring as well as the graphical method. To create the said model, describe its structural elements and their conceptual limitations in the smart environment the paper used the principles of domain model. The literature review exposes a growing interest to the subject under study, and proves that the tools and channels of e-Participation require improvement to ensure the quality development of digital democracy and public governance. As a result of the study, the authors construct a conceptual model as a tool for researching and optimising the channels and technologies of digital participation. Using this tool in the projects to develop information platforms for digital interaction of society and government authorities will allow perfecting their design and increasing quantity and quality of the digital participation.

Knowledge about how marginalised citizens use urban spaces is hard to access and apply in urban planning and policy. Based on current debates around "smart cities" and "smart governance," the City of Odense, in Denmark, has tested the integration of "smart engagement" by means of GPS-tracking techniques into the municipality's cross-sectoral strategy for an "inclusive city." In a period of austerity, cities have the incentive to optimise public services. Hence, GPS-tracking data was produced by 64 marginalised citizens, resulting in a data inventory covering three weeks of spatial behaviour. First, this article shows how these GPS-tracking data were processed into maps without revealing person-sensitive spatial patterns. Secondly, the article explores whether such maps and the GPS-tracking techniques that underpin them are considered valid, relevant, and applicable to urban planning from the perspectives of marginalised citizens, their representatives, and municipal planners and professionals respectively. The GPS project showed shortcomings as regards the quality of the data inventory and the representativity of the mapped behaviour, which made them inapplicable for optimising dedicated public service. However, the article also finds that the GPS-based maps succeeded in being non-person sensitive and in providing a valuable platform for citizen-centric dialogues with marginalised citizens with the potential for raising awareness and increasing knowledge about this citizen group's living conditions and urban lives. An important derived effect of the project is that it has ensured ongoing cross-sectoral collaboration among a range of professional stakeholders, imperative for ensuring creating greater equity in urban planning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to present the processes and mechanisms of creating smart city ecosystems by examining the complex strategic choices and interactions among stakeholders operating at different levels of governance and engagement. Based on the literature review and in-depth analyses of a case study (Lublin, Eastern Poland), we demonstrate that the implementation of tailored strategic thinking using adaptation to global trends, exploitation of development potentials and niches, and stakeholders' involvement allows for coordination and mobilization of development processes leading to the creation of effective smart city ecosystems. In line with the defined smart city challenges, with the application of a three-stage research program, we create an implementable Smart City Ecosystem Model (SCEM). The contributions of the study are as follows: (1) it provides new insights into smart governance, leadership in creating a sustainable and human smart city; (2) it analyzes strategic choices in the creation of a stakeholder ecosystem and competitive business ecosystems based on smart specializations, providing new opportunities for the design and implementation of smart city strategies. Therefore, this study provides a new multidimensional policy framework for smart cities at both strategic and operational levels that can improve the holistic management of smart and sustainable cities and communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) seek to achieve economic, social, and environmental progress globally. However, trade-offs among these three pillars might occur, particularly in the context of cities. We argue that these trade-offs exist because the traditional factors of production for economic welfare are not always relevant to the other dimensions of city sustainability. Consequently, additional factors are needed to facilitate the progress of the 2030 agenda. We make a case for smart governance, a factor that we associate with the quality of governance. We explore these ideas by examining the economic, social, and environmental dimensions of 128 cities worldwide. Our results indicate that the traditional factors of production (labor, land, and capital) are positively associated with the economic dimension but weakly associated with the social and environmental dimensions. However, smart governance is positively associated with the various dimensions of urban sustainability. JEL CLASSIFICATION: Q01; Q28; Q53; Q56; O18; Z13 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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In the past decade, the topic of Smart City is indisputably one of the most important concepts in the development of cities and urban regions in Central and Eastern Europe, their management and planning, while innovations and innovation potential are becoming a prerequisite for functioning connections and processes within integrated local (or geographical) functional areas. The Slovak Republic is gradual, despite the difficult beginnings without system coordination, declaring an effort to implement the Smart City policy within the existing residential structure of cities and municipalities. Relying on the Action Plan for Smart Cities and Regions 2023-2025 as well as the Slovakia Program 2021-2027, at the same time the results of world studies and analyzes carried out in the conditions of the Slovak environment (while we start from the findings and follow up on the study by Kóňa et al. 2022), the authors identify in their research as the main problem the fact that the attention of the state, professional public, as well as local authorities, is aimed at supporting the creation of Functional Urban Areas in the geographical structure of individual regions with the aim of supporting the development of six defined areas, the so-called „domains", which ultimately brings about an increase in the quality of life of the population of these regions. However, given domains are ambiguous in terms of content, this variability is also reflected in the inability of participating parties to perceive their content. As part of the research, respondents were asked about six areas of smart city policy implementation, the aim of the research was to identify the content perception by the respondents according to the weight they assign to individual areas and subsequently define within individual domains the elements/characteristics perceived by the population as key to the growth of the quality of their lives in cities and regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The paper discusses the role and importance of smart governance as a modern form of urban development, identifies the key determinants of smart governance, analyzes models, evaluation and measurement indicators in smart and sustainable cities, and ranks 127 Croatian cities, regardless of city size. Methodology: A comprehensive database was prepared for the preparation of the study, including ten indicators of key smart governance determinants related to political participation of citizens, delivery of quality services to citizens, and sustainable functioning of city administration, in line wiTha review of models and indicators from previous studies. Results: The main goal of this research is to determine a correlation between the size of the city according to the number of inhabitants and statistically significant indicators of smart governance and, based on the value of the correlation coefficients, to determine the weights for the indicators in the process of city ranking. By aggregating the weighted z-scores, the Smart Governance Index was created for all Croatian cities and that index is not related to the size of a city. Conclusion: Statistically significant indicators for the formation of the Smart Governance Index for 127 cities in Croatia are the indicators of political participation and sustainable functioning of city administration. It is necessary to include as many indicators as possible in the future period so that the ranking results are as relevant as possible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Within the smart city debate, this paper aims to reflect on whether and how medium-sized Italian cities are organizing their smart transition technically as well as administratively. The smart city concept was developed in the 1990s when major European cities began a smart transition through widespread urban regeneration projects and the introduction of advanced technologies applied not only to the physical city but also to governance, policymaking, and communication, involving multiple sectors of city administrations. In the last decade, medium-sized cities have also started this transition process, although with lower emphasis than metropolitan cities. In most medium-sized Italian cities, this transition, in accordance with national and regional guidelines, has sometimes led to competencies reorganization within local governments. Within this framework, the paper examines the tools with which medium-sized Italian cities' administrations address the smart transformation in their territories, comparing a sample of 10 cities in Emilia-Romagna and considering policymaking, governance structure, past and current projects, and communication transparency. The expected result is therefore a systematic review of experiences to reconstruct a complex picture of the political and administrative choices that have led to the implementation or setting in motion of smart transformation processes to draw some useful lessons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The paper discusses the role and importance of smart governance as a modern form of urban development, identifies the key determinants of smart governance, analyzes models, evaluation and measurement indicators in smart and sustainable cities, and ranks 127 Croatian cities, regardless of city size. Methodology: A comprehensive database was prepared for the preparation of the study, including ten indicators of key smart governance determinants related to political participation of citizens, delivery of quality services to citizens, and sustainable functioning of city administration, in line with a review of models and indicators from previous studies. Results: The main goal of this research is to determine a correlation between the size of the city according to the number of inhabitants and statistically significant indicators of smart governance and, based on the value of the correlation coefficients, to determine the weights for the indicators in the process of city ranking. By aggregating the weighted z-scores, the Smart Governance Index was created for all Croatian cities and that index is not related to the size of a city. Conclusion: Statistically significant indicators for the formation of the Smart Governance Index for 127 cities in Croatia are the indicators of political participation and sustainable functioning of city administration. It is necessary to include as many indicators as possible in the future period so that the ranking results are as relevant as possible.

City administrators have begun to consider citizens' perception as an essential enabler of smart and sustainable city development. In response to their need, our study mainly aimed to analyze the citizens' perceptions related to the attributes of a smart city and to offer an evidence-based importance–performance analysis (IPA) technique, revised with triangular number fuzzy, to set priorities to develop it further successfully, taking Oradea, Romania, as an example. Specifically, we investigated varying the citizens' perceptions regarding the attributes of a smart city across the thematic content analysis followed by an IPA approach to identify the attributes of a smart city that could be expected to advance its future development. The results show that most of our respondents appreciated the city administrators' efforts and expressed relatively higher preferences for the fifteen smart city attributes of Oradea on which the local authorities should focus. The research brings valuable insight into the strategic decision making related to smart city development, which can serve academics and practitioners, complementing existing literature on the citizens' perception of sustainable smart city development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the study is to recognize the understanding and implementation of the smart city concept by local governments in the Gdańsk-Gdynia-Sopot Metropolitan Area in the north of Poland. Therefore, the authors examined local governments' interest in "smart" strategy and identified human- and technology-oriented initiatives. In order to achieve the research aim, a survey with representatives of local governments and a content analysis of strategic documents were conducted. The results show that core cities of the metropolitan area try to be initiators of smart urban life while many other municipalities are not very active in this area. Most of the smart city initiatives referred to hard infrastructure, and only a portion of them are oriented toward improving human capital. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study is to determine smart governance, smart tourism, smart mobility, and smart sustainability are used by stakeholders in Lake Toba tourism objects to prepare smart tourism destinations (STD) with the effects of covid-19. This research is in line with the strategic plan of the Medan State University research which focuses on the development of tourism areas in North Sumatra. This study uses a Research and Development type of research with a basic-based research approach through needs analysis, model confirmation, and evaluation. Tourists that visited Lake Toba attractions in April 2022 were given questionnaires, and data were analyzed using pls-sem. The study shows that influences smart governance affects smart travel, smart tourism, and smart sustainability. On the other hand, smart mobility does not have a positive effect on smart sustainability, smart tourism has a positive and significant effect on smart sustainability. Overall, further research are needed to use other variables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Today, many cities around the globe are interested in developing or adopting smart city policy frameworks; however, the complexity of the smart city concept combined with complicated urban issues makes it a highly challenging task. Moreover, there are limited studies to consolidate our understanding of smart city policymaking. The aim of this study was to bridge this knowledge gap by placing a set of official smart city policy frameworks under the policy analysis microscope. The study approached the analysis by, firstly, internationally collating the smart city policy frameworks of 52 local governments from 17 countries. The methodology then progressed to a deductive content analysis of the identified policies with a thematic data analysis software. The investigation employed the main themes to identify common urban issues in smart city policies—i.e., smart economy, smart environment, smart governance, smart living, smart mobility, and smart people. The results revealed the targeted key planning issues, goals, and priorities, and the ways that smart city policies address these key planning issues, goals, and priorities. The study findings inform policymakers, planners and practitioners on the smart city policy priorities and provide insights for smart city policymaking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Smart City concept has emerged in the last decade as a fusion of ideas about how information and communication technologies could improve the functioning of cities. A new concept, that of a sustainable Smart City, is already under discussion. This article aims at analyzing the Smart City concept in Romania. The resulting advantages, but also the difficulties and obstacles that need to be confronted, are considered when becoming a Smart City. When a city wants to become smart, it must consider both the advantages and the difficulties it will face in this endeavor. This paper has been able to take into account and group the four key features of a sustainable Smart City. The authors conducted research in two parts. The first consisted of conducting a comparative analysis of the most important results of Smart City projects implemented in the four reference cities in Romania compared to London. The second, a quantitative analysis, aimed to analyze the opinions and attitudes of Romanians regarding the Smart City concept in relation to sustainability. An important finding of the study shows that over half of the respondents are familiar with the Smart City concept and 41.9% consider health as a priority for investment in technology. The authors of the article propose clearer highlighting and division of cities from the point of view of creating a Smart City. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]