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Objective: Report the prevalence and severity of the most common allergic diseases in children living in Monterrey, México. Methods: Cross-sectional multi-center survey on the most common allergic diseases, completed by parents of 6-7-year-old children and by 13-14- year-old adolescents in the Monterrey metropolitan area, between January 2018 and December 2019. Results: A total of 3,044 questionnaires were eligible for the analysis. Among children between 6-7 years old, 30.2% (n = 143/473) presented wheezing at any time in their life; with a higher prevalence in the male population. In the adolescent group, 26.4% reported having experienced wheezing at some point in their life, with a slight predominance in the female group (54.9%). Conclusions: Knowing the prevalence of allergic diseases in our population gives us tools to generate strategies that allow us to provide the best quality healthcare to our patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El asma del lactante en los dos primeros años de vida, es la forma de presentación más frecuente, además de episodios recurrentes de sibilancias y tos, es una condición de alta prevalencia; sin embargo, es frecuentemente sub-diagnosticada y sub-tratada. Una elevada proporción de estos lactantes sufren episodios severos, visitas a servicios de urgencia y hospitalizaciones, lo cual altera profundamente su calidad de vida y la de sus padres. El diagnóstico de asma en el lactante es clínico y se basa en la presencia de tos y sibilancias recurrentes, presencia de factores de riesgo para asma, y la respuesta al tratamiento. Los corticoides inhalados son el tratamiento de primera línea y tanto su efecto como la adherencia, deben ser monitoreados. Actualmente, no hay razones científicas ni clínicas para posponer el diagnóstico y tratamiento en lactantes con síntomas de asma, especialmente si la frecuencia y severidad de los episodios alteran la calidad de vida del niño y de su familia.

Objective: To define the relationship between current wheezing in preschoolers and exposure to dogs and cats at home, and to find out to what extent their removal modifies the associations.Methods: Previously validated questionnaires were completed by parents of 1784 preschoolers (mean age 4.08±0.8 years). Children were stratified according to the presence (20.0 %) or absence of wheezing in the previous year. Information regarding cat or dog exposure currently and during the first year of life was collected, as well as information about the removal of the pets. Results: A higher proportion of families owning a cat in the first year of the child’s life, as well as in the previous year, was found in the wheezing group. The proportion of families owning a dog was marginally higher in this group. Cat exposure was shown to be a significant risk factor when present in the first year of the child’s life (Adjusted Odds Ratio [aOR] 1.73, 95 % CI 1.04-2.88), and an even higher association was found with current exposure (aOR 2.00, 95 % CI 1.22-3.26). The association was highest (aOR 2.68, 95 % CI 1.32-5.44) among the wheezing group for the subset of families that had removed a cat from the home. Dog exposure did not appear to be a significant risk factor, neither during the first year of life (aOR 1.24, 95 % CI 0.88-1.76) nor with current ownership (aOR 1.04, 95 % CI 0.73-1.50). However, a significant association was found in the group that had removed a dog from the home (aOR 5.88, 95 % CI 2.62-13.17).Conclusions: Exposure to cat allergens is a risk factor for asthma, when exposure occurs during the first 12 months of life. However, this factor is of limited influence beyond the first year. It is likely that children who are prone to developing an allergy would benefit from control of environmental allergen exposure, including cat avoidance. Objetivo: Definir la relación entre sibilancias activas en niños en edad preescolar y su exposición a gatos y perros en el hogar, y mostrar hasta qué punto la retirada de los mismos modifica dicha asociación.Métodos: Los padres de 1784 niños en edad preescolar (media de edad 4,08 ± 0,8) cumplimentaron los cuestionarios que previamente habían sido validados. Se realizó una estratificación de los niños en función de la presencia (20 %) o ausencia de sibilancias en el último año. Se recogió la información relacionada con la exposición actual a gatos o perros y durante el primer año de vida, además de información respecto a la retirada de las mascotas.Resultados: En el grupo con sibilancias se encontró una mayor proporción de familias que durante el primer año de vida del niño tuvieron un gato en casa. La proporción de familias con perro era ligeramente más alta en dicho grupo. La exposición a gatos apareció como factor de riesgo significativo si el gato había estado presente en el hogar durante el primer año de vida del niño (Odds Ratio ajustada [aOR] 1,73, IC 95 % 1,04 – 2,88), y se encontró una asociación incluso más alta con la exposición actual (aOR 2, IC 95 % 1,22 – 3,26). La asociación más elevada (aOR 2,68, IC 95 % 1,32 – 5,44) se encontró en el subgrupo de familias que habían retirado el gato del hogar. La exposición a perros no se mostró como factor de riesgo significativo, ni durante el primer año de vida (aOR 1,24, IC 95 % 0,88 – 1,76), ni en el momento actual (aOR 1,04, IC 95 % 0,73 – 1,50). Sin embargo, en el grupo que había retirado el perro del hogar sí se encontró una asociación significativa (aOR 5,88, IC 95 % 2,62 – 13,17).Conclusiones: La exposición a los alergenos del gato es un factor de riesgo para el asma si dicha exposición tiene lugar en los primeros 12 meses de vida. Sin embargo este factor tiene una influencia limitada si ocurre más allá del primer año de vida. Es probable que los niños con tendencia a desarrollar alergias se beneficien del control de la exposición a alergenos medioambientales, incluyendo evitar los gatos.Objetivo: Definir a relação entre a sibilância em crianças em idade pré-escolar e a exposição doméstica a cães e gatos. Verificar até que ponto a remoção dos animais altera as associações.Metodologia: Um questionário previamente validado foi respondido por pais de 1784 crianças em idade pré-escolar (média de idade 4.08±0.8 anos). As crianças foram estratificadas relativamente à presença (20.0 %) ou ausência de sibilância no ano anterior. Foi recolhida informação sobre a exposição a cães e gatos, atualmente e no primeiro ano de vida, bem como, informação sobre a remoção desses animais domésticos.Resultados: A maior proporção de famílias que possuem um gato no primeiro ano de vida da criança, assim como no anterior ao estudo, foram encontradas no grupo de crianças com manifestações de sibilância. A proporção de famílias que possuem um cão foi ligeiramente superior neste grupo. Verificou-se que a exposição a gatos no primeiro ano de vida é um fator de risco significante (Odds Ration Ajustado [aOR] 1.73, 95 % CI 1.04-2.88), sendo a associação ainda mais forte para uma exposição atual (aOR 2.00, 95 % CI 1.22-3.26). No grupo de crianças com sibilância a associação foi maior (aOR 2.68, 95 % CI 1.32-5.44) entre o subgrupo de famílias que removeram o gato da habitação. A exposição a cães não pareceu ser um fator de risco significante, nem para a exposição no primeiro ano de vida (aOR 1.24, 95 % CI 0.88-1.76) nem para a exposição atual (aOR 1.04, 95 % CI 0.73-1.50). Contudo, foi encontrada uma associação significante no grupo que tinha retirado o cão da habitação (aOR 5.88, 95 % CI 2.62-13.17). Conclusões: A exposição a alergénicos de gatos é um fator de risco para a asma, quando a exposição ocorre durante o primeiro ano de vida. Contudo, esse fator é de influência limitada além do primeiro ano. É provável que as crianças que são propensas a desenvolver uma alergia beneficiem de um controlo da exposição ambiental a alergénicos, incluindo evitar o contato com gatos.

Introducción: Los cuadros broncoobstructivos en lactantes son causa frecuente de consulta a servicios ambulatorios, acudir a urgencias u hospitalización. Se presentan en forma recurrente o recidivante, con secuelas a largo plazo. Objetivo: Establecer la incidencia y los factores asociados para desarrollar síndrome sibilante (SS) y su recurrencia durante los dos primeros años de vida. Metodología: Estudio retrospectivo de cohorte. Se indagó sobre presencia de sibilancias, edad de la primera crisis, eventos en los primeros dos años de vida, y aspectos reconocidos previamente como factores de riesgo. Se estimó tasa de incidencia y probabilidad de estar libre de SS a los dos años, así como los factores asociados con la presencia de SS recurrente y no recurrente. Resultados: Se estudiaron 139 varones y 159 niñas residentes en el Área Metropolitana de Bucaramanga, Colombia. La tasa de incidencia a dos años es de 1,22 episodios/100 meses-persona (IC95% 0,97-1,47), con probabilidad de llegar al segundo cumpleaños sin SS es 67,0% (IC95% 60,7 a 72,4%). Los factores asociados con SS no recurrente fueron historia familiar de rinitis (RR 2,56) o asma (RR 2,11), y convivir con fumadores (RR 2,00); SS recurrente fueron historia familiar de rinitis (RR 8,79) o asma (RR 3,43), consumo de alimentos alergénicos (RR 6,82), asfixia perinatal (RR 6,36), asistir al jardín infantil (RR 3,37) y convivir con menores de 10 años (RR 1,63). Discusión: La incidencia de SS es similar a la encontrada en países desarrollados. Muchos factores asociados son prevenibles, que de intervenirse ayudaría a disminuir el riesgo de que los lactantes enfermen o que recurran. Salud UIS 2011; 43 (2): 131-140Introduction: Bronchoobstructive disease in infants is frequent cause of assistance to primary and emergency services, and hospitalization, too. These are recurrent or non-recurrent, with long-term sequelae. Objective: To establish the incidence and associated factors for developing wheezing syndrome (WS) and its recurrence during the first two years of life. Methodology: A retrospective cohort. A survey was conducted to determine wheezing incidence, age at first crisis, event number in the first two years of life, and aspects previously recognized as risk factors. It was estimated incidence rate and likelihood of being free of WS at two years, as well as the associated factors with recurrent and non-recurrent WS. Results: We studied 139 boys and 159 girls dwelling in the Bucaramanga Metropolitan Area, Colombia. The incidence rate for two years is 1.22 events/100 person-months (95%CI 0,97-1,47), with a potential to reach the second birthday without WS of 67.0% (95%CI 60.7 to 72.4%). Associated factors with non-recurrent WS were family history of recurrent rhinitis (RR 2.56) or asthma (RR 2.11), and live with smokers (RR 2.00); for recurrent WS were a family history of rhinitis (RR 8.79 ) or asthma (RR 3.43), consumption of allergenic food (RR 6.82), perinatal asphyxia (RR 6.36), to attend kindergarten (RR 3.37), and to be living with children under 10 years (RR 1,63). Discussion: The incidence of WS is similar to others found in developed countries. Many risk factors are preventable, and their intervention would help to reduce the risk to suffer WS. Salud UIS 2011; 43 (2): 131-140

Copyright of Archivos de Bronconeumología (English Edition) is the property of Sociedad Espanola de Neumologia y Cirugia Toracica (SEPAR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Archivos de Bronconeumología (English Edition) is the property of Sociedad Espanola de Neumologia y Cirugia Toracica (SEPAR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Archivos de Bronconeumología (English Edition) is the property of Sociedad Espanola de Neumologia y Cirugia Toracica (SEPAR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: The consumption of ultra-processed products (UP) is associated with many diseases in the adult, such as arterial hypertension, diabetes, or asthma., Objective: To determine whether the consumption of UP in children is associated with wheezing respiratory diseases (asthma or bronchitis/recurrent wheezing)., Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted within the Follow-up of the Child for Optimal Development (SENDO) project (an open, multidisciplinary and multiple outcome study of Spanish children). The consumption of UP was calculated using semi-quantitative questionnaires on the frequency of food consumption. The foods were grouped according to the NOVA classification, and the daily consumption was estimated along with the percentage of Kilocalories from the UP. The exposure was grouped into "high" and "low" from the median consumption. Odds Ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated for wheezing respiratory diseases associated with the high consumption UP, using low consumption as a reference. Crude and multi-adjusted estimators were calculated, and mixed regression models were used to take into account the correlation between siblings., Results: In the 513 children studied (51.8% males, mean age 5.2 years), the mean consumption of UP was 446.76 g/day, representing 39.9% of the total calories ingested. A high consumption of UP was associated with an increase of 87% in the prevalence of wheezing respiratory diseases (OR: 1.87, 95% CI: 1.01-3.45). It was found that a higher consumption of UP multiplied by 2.12 (95% CI: 1.10-4.05) the prevalence of bronchitis/recurrent wheezing., Conclusions: The results of this study show a direct relationship between UP consumption and the prevalence of wheezing diseases in children., (Copyright © 2021 Asociación Española de Pediatría. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)