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Učenje plivanja je specifičn modela rada u nastavi tjelesnog odgoja što se posebno odnosi na djecu koja imaju određenih teškoća u psihomotornom razvoju. Iskustva su pokazala da se djeca sa Down Syndromom mogu uključiti u ovaj vid kretne edukacije, naravno uz prilagođenu dinamiku i metodiku učenja osnovnih kretnih aktivnosti u vodi. Jedna od metoda je i Halliwick koncept učenja osnovnih elemenata kretanja u vodi za osobe sa teškočama (McMillan, 1997 – revised 2010). Ova metoda podrazumjeva psihičku i fizičku adaptaciju na boravak u vodi, relaksaciju, kontrolu disanja, ravnoteže i u konačnici samostalno kretanja u vodi. Cilj ovog rada bio je analiza efikasnosti Halliwick koncepta obuke plivanja na kretnu motoriku u vodi za djecu sa Down Syndromom. Ispitivanje je provedeno na uzorku od 10 ispitanika (5 djevojčice i 5 dječaka), dobi 9±0,5 godina (djeca sa Down Syndrom). Program plivanja (Halliwick) trajao je 12 sedmica (60 minuta sedmicno). U ispitivanju je korištena baterija od 8 testova za procjenu nivoa kretnih sposobnosti u vodi. Za analizu rezultata inicijalnog i finalnog testiranja korišten je t-test za zavisne uzorke. Rezultati t-testa ukazuju da je nakon realizacije programa došlo do statistički značajnih promjena kod svih primjenjenih varijabli: SUV - samostalan ulazak u vodu (p< .001); GRO- gnjuranje pod vodu (p< .002); TRO – transverzalna rotacija (p< .001); LRO – longitudinalna rotacija (p< .002); SLO – sagitalna rotacija (p< .001); PNS - plutanje na stomaku (p< .002); SNG – skok u vodu na noge (p< .001) ; SKKV – samostalno kretanje po površini vode (p< .003). Na osnovu komparacije rezultata inicijalnog i finalnog testiranja ispitanika, evidentno je da se primjenjeni model plivanja pokazao efikasnim za sve učesnike u programu. Ovim se potvrđuju navodi sličnih istraživanja te se konstatuje da je osnovna orijentacija odgojno-obrazovnih postupaka ovog područja promjena različitih karakteristika psihosomatskog statusa, a posebno morfoloških, funkcionalnih i motoričkih sposobnosti i osobina te kognitivnih i konativnih funkcija koje učestvuju u motoričkim izražavanju (Selimović i sar. 2013). Na osnovu dobijenih rezultata istraživanja može se zaključiti da je Halliwick model učenja plivanja za djecu sa Down Syndromom vrlo efikasan. Shodno tome ukazuje se potreba za dodatnom edukacijom trenera plivanja i nastavnika tjelesnog odgoja za ovakve i slične programe koji su prilagođeni upravo za rad sa djecom koja imaju određenih teškoća u psihomotornom razvoju.

Background/Aim. Energy drinks (EDs) are widely used by athletes as ergogenic agents and Red Bull® is one of the most consumed EDs among them. The aim of this study was to determine the acute and chronic effects of Red Bull® on cardiodynamics and parameters of oxidative stress in physically trained rats. Methods. Rats were subjected to a swimming practice (1h a day, 5 days a week, for 4 weeks). They were divided into 4 groups: rats that did not consume ED either before swimming or prior to sacrificing; rats that did not consume ED before swimming but did consume ED 30 min prior to sacrificing; rats that consumed ED 30 min before every swimming training but did not consume ED prior to sacrificing; rats that consumed ED 30 min before every swimming training and 30 min before sacrificing. After sacrificing, the hearts of the rats were isolated and perfused according to the Langendorff technique. The parameters of cardiac function were recorded, and also the levels of prooxidants were measured in the coronary effluent during coronary autoregulation. Results. Acute administration of the ED had a positive inotropic effect (manifested as a significantly higher level of the maximum and minimum rate of pressure development in the left ventricle), while chronic administration affected the isolated increase in systolic left ventricular pressure. The prooxidative effect of the ED was observed, which was more pronounced in chronic consumption. Conclusion. The main conclusion of our study is that chronic consumption of ED changes the cardiovascular response and redox status in acute consumption ED. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The investigation was aimed to evaluate the effects of 3-weeks swimming exercise on blood pressure and redox status in high-salt-induced hypertensive rats. Male Wistar albino rats (n=40, 6 weeks old) were divided into 4 groups: 1. hypertensive rats that swam for 3 weeks; 2. sedentary hypertensive control rats; 3. normotensive rats that swam for 3 weeks; 4. sedentary normotensive control rats. Hypertensive animals were on high concentrated sodium (8% NaCl) solution for 4 weeks (period of induction of hypertension). After sacrificing, hearts were isolated and perfused according to Langendorff technique at gradually increased coronary per-fusion pressure from 40–120 cmH2O. The oxidative stress markers were determined in coronary venous effluent: the index of lipid peroxidation (measured as TBARS), nitrites (NO2−), superoxide anion radical (O2−) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Swimming did not lead to significant changes in levels of TBARS, NO2−, O2− in any of compared groups while levels of H2O2 were significantly higher in swimming hyper-tensive group comparing to swimming normotensive group at coronary perfusion pressure of 80–120 cmH2O. Our results indicate that the short-term swimming start to reduce blood pressure. In addition it seems that this type of swimming duration does not promote cardiac oxidative stress damages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Facta Universitatis: Series Physical Education & Sport is the property of Facta Universitatis, Series Physical Education & Sport and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Facta Universitatis: Series Physical Education & Sport is the property of Facta Universitatis, Series Physical Education & Sport and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Facta Universitatis: Series Physical Education & Sport is the property of Facta Universitatis, Series Physical Education & Sport and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Facta Universitatis: Series Physical Education & Sport is the property of Facta Universitatis, Series Physical Education & Sport and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Facta Universitatis: Series Physical Education & Sport is the property of Facta Universitatis, Series Physical Education & Sport and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Homo Sporticus is the property of University of Sarajevo, Faculty of Sport & Physical Education and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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