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In the report "Market regulation : lessons from other disciplines" of the Dutch Ministery of Economic Affairs, papers are presented of scientists from a wide range of disciplines on different aspects of market regulation. This paper gives an organisational perspective on market driven efficiency improvement. Concluded is that Dutch institutions and organisations could respond better to market triggers. Most conducive to promoting responsiveness might be a flow based alignment that minimises interference possibilities. It is important to realise that a better responsiveness contributes to productivity. Hence one of the solutions to poor productivity growth could be sought in a more efficient and more effective organisation of work. The question is: which policy options can be identified for improving organisational responsiveness in The Netherlands? Policy options are: 1. Reinstate a national program ‘Productivity improvement and organisational development’; 2. Stimulate and organise holistic market and organisational development; 3. Stimulate knowledge diffusion and benchmarking.

By means of economic appraisal, the costs and the benefits of health, environment and safety management can be made clear, both at the national level and at the company level. As such it is a tool in advocating good practices. This paper explores the possibilities of economic appraisal for policy makers, operating at national, regional or local level, and for decision making within companies. Curient practices and options for successful application are discussed. Special attention is paid to the issue of cost internalisation, as the results of the appraisal are for a large e(ent dependent on the possibilities companies have to pass on costs to others. It is concluded that basically techniques for economic appraisal are available, both for assessments at the national level and the company level. Nevertheless, further development will strengthen future application. Especially, firming up evidence for the beneficial effects of good employee health to (economic) company performance, is required.

By means of economic appraisal, the costs and the benefits of health, environment and safety management can be made clear, both at the national level and at the company level. As such it is a tool in advocating good practices. This paper explores the possibilities of economic appraisal for policy makers, operating at national, regional or local level, and for decision making within companies. Curient practices and options for successful application are discussed. Special attention is paid to the issue of cost internalisation, as the results of the appraisal are for a large e(ent dependent on the possibilities companies have to pass on costs to others. It is concluded that basically techniques for economic appraisal are available, both for assessments at the national level and the company level. Nevertheless, further development will strengthen future application. Especially, firming up evidence for the beneficial effects of good employee health to (economic) company performance, is required.

This paper investigates asymmetric effects of monetary policy over the business cycle. A two-state Markov Switching Model is employed to model both recessions and expansions. For the United States and Germany, strong evidence is found that monetary policy is more effective in a recession than during a boom. Also some evidence is found for asymmetry in the United Kingdom and Belgium. In the Netherlands, monetary policy is not very effective in either regime.

This paper investigates asymmetric effects of monetary policy over the business cycle. A two-state Markov Switching Model is employed to model both recessions and expansions. For the United States and Germany, strong evidence is found that monetary policy is more effective in a recession than during a boom. Also some evidence is found for asymmetry in the United Kingdom and Belgium. In the Netherlands, monetary policy is not very effective in either regime.

This paper investigates asymmetric effects of monetary policy over the business cycle. A two-state Markov Switching Model is employed to model both recessions and expansions. For the United States and Germany, strong evidence is found that monetary policy is more effective in a recession than during a boom. Also some evidence is found for asymmetry in the United Kingdom and Belgium. In the Netherlands, monetary policy is not very effective in either regime.