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Balinese Gamelan is a popular traditional musical instrument that is admired by international residents due to its fast musical rhythms. In this study, the focus will be on one object of the Balinese gamelan musical instrument, namely the gangsa. The purpose of this study was to find out the mathematical concepts found in Balinese gamelan instruments, especially the gangsa. This type of research is qualitative research with an ethnographic approach. The subject of this research is the head of Tabuh UKM STANA, a student activity unit engaged in the arts at Mahasaraswati University Denpasar. Literature review, observation, interviews, and documentation were used to collect data, which was then analyzed and identified mathematical concepts contained in the gangsa musical instrument so that conclusions could be drawn. Based on the research results obtained through observation and interviews, it can be seen that the size and playing of the gangsa musical instrument have a mathematical concept. The mathematical concepts that we find in the gangsa musical instrument are the concepts of arithmetic sequence patterns and repeating patterns. The conclusion of this study is that there is a relationship between bronze musical instruments and mathematics learning so that this can be used as an alternative medium for learning mathematics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Doctoral programs in the fine arts, instead of coming up with their own ways of doing things, tend to adopt standards from the humanities, which themselves tend to adopt standards from science. Because of being preoccupied with trying to look like other disciplines, artistic thinking within artistic doctorates gets suppressed. But if we look into science directly and not through this second-hand approach, we can find aspects of scientific thinking that are closer to art than to the humanities. In this paper, I give examples of artistic thinking in the work of various scientists and mathematicians: a non-fiction book that uses fiction (Douglas Hofstadter's book Gödel, Escher, Bach), a linguistic analysis that concludes with a story (Livia Polanyi's book Telling the American Story), scientific lectures with unusual formal aspects (Roger Penrose's "VJing" of multiple layers of foils through an overhead projector, David Deutsch's Lectures on Quantum Computation), and a collective hiding behind a fictional mathematician (Nicolas Bourbaki). I also briefly introduce the problem of verbal overshadowing and the effects it may have on the creative process in art. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Bloodstain pattern analysis (BPA) is a crucial tool in forensic investigations, particularly in cases that involve violent crimes such as homicides, assaults, and sexual assaults. The analysis of bloodstains can provide valuable information about the location and movement of the victim and perpetrator(s), the type of weapon used, and the number and direction of the blows or shots. The lack of an objective mathematical foundation is a critical issue in a scenario where the quality of evidences can strongly affect a court trial and the life of people involved in that trial. Systematic reviews provide a rigorous and transparent method for evaluating scientific evidence, and can help to identify strengths and weaknesses of a given methodology.Methods: To ensure comprehensive retrieval of relevant research we will search the following key databases: PubMed and ScienceDirect through 1000 for peer reviewed articles (in all languages) evidence related to bloodstain pattern analysis.Discussions: This systematic review summarizes four papers that discuss different aspects of BPA. The first paper introduced the basic concepts of BPA and the use of trigonometric principles to determine the impact angle of bloodstains. The second paper presented experimental findings on the use of trigonometry in BPA and identified its limitations in determining the height of blood sprayed upwards. The third paper examined the analysis of circular bloodstains and found that their clusters can provide indirect information on impact-to-wall distance and area of origin. The fourth paper introduced the use of virtual models for BPA and found that straight-line trajectories can be used to estimate the area of origin with high accuracy.Conclusions: These papers highlight the complexity of BPA and the importance of using a combination of methods to interpret bloodstain patterns accurately. It is essential to consider the limitations of each method and to use them in combination to obtain a more complete picture of the events that occurred at a crime scene. Further research is needed to refine and improve the methods used in BPA and to develop new approaches to analyzing bloodstain patterns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although the deterministic equation of life predicted and recognized by Albert Einstein is not yet defined, there are clear marks and signs of mathematical regularity which appear in nature showing fascinating accuracy. One of those "God's imprints" in the world that surrounds us is the Fibonacci Sequence, which represents more likely a starting point in revealing certain universal formula of life. The main idea of this paper is to enlighten two points: the Fibonacci sequence and the Golden Ratio, as well as to stress out the importance of reveling the perfect mathematical patterns that exist both in the organic as well as in the inorganic world. Thus, we might be able to understand the physical, spiritual and mental aspect of a human nature more clearly and completely. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although the deterministic equation of life predicted and recognized by Albert Einstein is not yet defined, there are clear marks and signs of mathematical regularity which appear in nature showing fascinating accuracy. One of those "God's imprints" in the world that surrounds us is the Fibonacci Sequence, which represents more likely a starting point in revealing certain universal formula of life. The main idea of this paper is to enlighten two points: the Fibonacci sequence and the Golden Ratio, as well as to stress out the importance of reveling the perfect mathematical patterns that exist both in the organic as well as in the inorganic world. Thus, we might be able to understand the physical, spiritual and mental aspect of a human nature more clearly and completely. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Humankind has a long evolutionary history. When we are trying to understand human complex cognition, it is as well important to look back to entire evolution. I will present the thesis that our biological predispositions and culture, together with natural and social environment, are tightly connected. During ontogenetically development we are shaped by various factors, and they enabled humans to develop some aspects of complex cognition, such as mathematics. In the beginning of the article I present the importance of natural and cultural evolution in other animals. In the following part, I briefly examine the field of mathematics - nnmerosity and arithmetic. Presentation of comparative animal studies, mainly made on primates, provides some interesting examples in animals' abilities to separate between different quantities. From abilities for numerosity in animals I continue to neuroscientific studies of humans and our ability to solve simple arithmetic tasks. I also mention cross-cultural studies of arithmetic skills. In the final part of the text I present the field neuroanthropology as a possible new pillar of cognitive science. Finally, it is important to connect human evolution and development with animal cognition studies, but as well with cross-cultural studies in shaping of human ability for numerosity and arithmetic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. With continued emphasis on accountability and student achievement scores, schools are finding ways to address the gaps between males and females. One means of addressing this gender gap is through the use of single gender classrooms. Previous literature reports data indicating the improvement of achievement scores for boys. Limited research is available indicating the impact of single gender classrooms on girls' academic achievement. The comparison of scores from male and female single gender classrooms and traditional classrooms needs to be analyzed to identify if improvement in scores is equal for both boys and girls who are learning in single gender classrooms. Purpose. The purpose of this research study was to provide information about gender specific classrooms by presenting data collected at a Midwestern elementary school. Material and methods. Archival data was obtained on gender specific classrooms and was entered into a data recording form. Results. Math scores for females in the gender specific classroom were higher than scores from females in the traditional classroom. Additionally, females in the gender specific classroom scored higher than males in both gender specific or traditional classrooms. However, the results also suggest that traditional classrooms are more suited to increase reading achievement than gender specific classrooms. Conclusion. The results from this study indicate that gender specific classrooms can be used to improve achievement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]