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2 results on '"maryam afshani"'

1. Screening of Apiaceae fruits discovered natural resources with considerable biological potential

Author

Zahra Tofighi, Mostafa Pirali Hamedani, Saeed Tavakoli, Mir Javad Tabatabaei, Marzieh Rabei, Shamim Mohtadi, Farnoosh Mirghaffari, Maryam Afshani, Farhad Kahrizi, Behruz Khodabandeloo, Saeede Jafari-Nodooshan, Mahdieh Shirzad, Elahe Motevaseli, and Saied Goodarzi

Subjects
umbelliferae, fruits, cytotoxic, reducing power, phenol content, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950, Toxicology. Poisons, RA1190-1270
Abstract

Background: Apiaceae fruits as common spices used for prevention of many chronic diseases including cancer. Objective: The present study compared the biological effects of different fruits from various Apiaceae tribes to compare and find the fraction source(s) with potential characteristics for further investigation including cancer prevention. Methods: Fruits of Apium graveolens L. (celery), Bunium persicum (Boiss.) B.Fedtsch. (black cumin), Petroselinum crispum (Mill.) Fuss (parsley), Pimpinella anisum L. (anise), Trachyspermum ammi (L.) Sprague (ajwain), Coriandrum sativum L. (coriander), Foeniculum vulgare Mill. (fennel), Anethum graveolens L. (dill), Heracleum persicum Desf. ex Fisch., C.A.Mey. & Avé-Lall. (Persian hogweed), Ferula assa-foetida L. (asafoetida), Cuminum cyminum L. (cumin) and Daucus carota L. (carrot) were extracted with 80 % methanol and fractionated by petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol, respectively. For different fractions and total extract of all 12 samples, cytotoxicity by brine shrimp test (BST) and MTT assay against cancer and normal cell (foreskin fibroblast cells), antioxidant effects by FRAP, and total phenols by Folin-Ciocalteu method were measured. Results: The general toxicity of ethyl acetate fractions (mean of data) was higher than others in the brine shrimp test (P < 0.05). The most cytotoxic fractions against colon carcinoma (HT-29), breast adenocarcinoma (MDA-MB-231) and alveolar basal epithelial adenocarcinoma (A549) cell lines were from Ammineae and Peucedaneae tribes while fruits fractions with high phenol contents and antioxidant powers were from Ammineae tribe. Conclusion: The Apiaceae fruits have significant biological effects, therefore the isolation of phytochemical compounds from active fractions with cytotoxicity is suggested in future studies.

Published
2020

2. Classification of the present pharmaceutical agents based on the possible effective mechanism on the COVID-19 infection

Author

Kayvan Mirnia, Shokoufeh Hassani, Seyyedeh Maryam Afshani, Maryam Amini Pouya, and Armin Salek Maghsoudi

Subjects
Possible treatments, Coronaviruses, Virulence, Endocytosis Pathway, Review Article, Disease, Endocytosis, Bioinformatics, 01 natural sciences, Virus, Pharmaceutical agents, Animals, Humans, Medicine, Inflammation, Pandemic, SARS-CoV-2, Mechanism (biology), business.industry, COVID-19, Building and Construction, COVID-19 Drug Treatment, 0104 chemical sciences, 010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistry, RNA viral genome, Viral replication, business, Drug classification
Abstract

Objectives There are several types of research on the COVID-19 disease which have been conducting. It seems that prevailing over the pandemic would be achieved only by mastering over the virus pathophysiology. We tried to categorize the massive amount of available information for useful interpretation. Evidence acquisition We searched databases with different keywords and search strategies that focus on virulence and pathophysiology of COVID-19. The present review has aimed to gather and categorize all implemented drugs based on the susceptible virulence mechanisms, and the pathophysiological events in the host cells, discussing and suggesting treatments. Results As a result, the COVID-19 lifecycle were categorized as following steps: “Host Cell Attachment” which is mainly conducted with ACE2 receptors and TMPRSS2 from the host cell and Spike (S) protein, “Endocytosis Pathway” which is performed mainly by clathrin-mediated endocytosis, and “Viral Replication” which contains translation and replication of RNA viral genome. The virus pathogenicity is continued by “Inflammatory Reactions” which mainly caused moderate to severe COVID-19 disease. Besides, the possible effective therapeutics’ mechanism and the pharmaceutical agents that had at least one experience as a preclinical or clinical study on COVID-19 were clearly defined. Conclusion The treatment protocol would be occasional based on the stage of the infection and the patient situation. The cocktail of medicines, which could affect almost all mentioned stages of COVID-19 disease, might be vital for patients with severe phenomena. Graphical abstract The classification of the possible mechanism of medicines based on COVID-19 pathogenicity

Published
2020
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