113 results on '"epistemologija"'
Search Results
2. Mercierova kritika moderne formulacije spoznajnog problema
- Author
-
Dario Škarica
- Subjects
Désiré Joseph Mercier ,epistemologija ,objektivizam ,realizam ,Philosophy. Psychology. Religion - Abstract
U ovom radu nudim interpretaciju Mercierove kritike modernog pristupa spoznajnom problemu. Interpretacija počiva uglavnom na razlikovanju između objekta i stvari i na razlikovanju između objektivnoga i transobjektivnoga. Ta dva razlikovanja prožimaju Mercierovu kritiku, premda ih on nigdje ne razrađuje. U ovom radu, razrađujem te dvije distinkcije, da bih im potom pustio da, tako razrađene, prožmu Mercierovu kritiku iznova, s konačnim rezultatom koji, u osnovi, pokazuje da Mercierova kritika počiva na načelima objektivizma i objektivnoga realizma, nasuprot transobjektivnome realizmu, i na motivu povratka svijeta umu koji ga je stvorio, nasuprot modernoj koncepciji stvarnosti odvojene od uma.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. DEPLOYING KRONFELDNER'S CONCEPT OF HUMAN NATURE IN ARCHAEOLOGY.
- Author
-
Porčić, Marko
- Subjects
HUMAN behavior ,ETHNOARCHAEOLOGY ,HUMAN beings ,ARCHAEOLOGISTS ,PLEISTOCENE Epoch ,ARCHAEOLOGY - Abstract
Copyright of Filozofija i Drustvo is the property of University of Belgrade, Institute for Philosophy & Social Theory and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Historical, Curricular and Conceptual Evolution of School Physical Education: A Spanish View.
- Author
-
José Carrillo-López, Pedro, Rosa-Guillamón, Andrés, and García-Cantó, Eliseo
- Subjects
PHYSICAL education ,PHYSICAL education teachers ,INTENTIONALITY (Philosophy) ,CULTURAL pluralism ,FAITH development ,HYGIENE ,MOTOR ability - Abstract
Copyright of Acta Paedagogica Vilnensia is the property of Vilnius University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Izabrane kritike epistemološke teorije jamstva i Akvinski/Calvin Modela Alvina Plantinge
- Author
-
Oliver Jurišić
- Subjects
Alvin Plantinga ,epistemologija ,jamstvo ,teorija ,model ,Akvinski ,Philosophy. Psychology. Religion - Abstract
Analitički američki filozof religije Alvin Plantinga razvio je epistemološku teoriju jamstva (warrant theory) i epistemološki model Akvinski/Calvin. Ovdje želimo predstaviti njegovu teoriju, model i izabrane kritičke osvrte.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Mathematical Science of Being.
- Author
-
Germek, Magdalena
- Abstract
Copyright of Filozofski Vestnik is the property of Scientific Research Centre of Slovenian Academy of Sciences & Arts and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. BACHELARD EN VACANCES: THE SUBJECT OF SURRATIONALISM AND ITS FUNCTIONAL VALUE.
- Author
-
Ristić, Marko
- Subjects
SUBJECTIVITY ,IMAGINATION ,DIALECTIC ,SURREALISM ,PREPOSITIONS ,OBJECTIVITY ,THEORY of knowledge - Abstract
Copyright of Filozofija i Drustvo is the property of University of Belgrade, Institute for Philosophy & Social Theory and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Gdje je nestala duša? Pledoaje za upotrebu pojma „duša' u vremenu antropološke krize
- Author
-
Anđelko Domazet
- Subjects
antropološka kriza ,dvojno jedinstvo tijelo-duša ,psihologija ,neuroznanosti ,epistemologija ,aristotelovski hilemorfizam ,Philosophy. Psychology. Religion - Abstract
U ovom radu polazimo od konstatacije da današnje filozofske rasprave o slici čovjeka (antropologija) stoje pod snažnim utjecajem prirodoznanstvenog mišljenja. Posljednjih desetljeća u filozofiji duha prevladava fizikalizam koji se oslanja na uspjehe modernih prirodnih znanosti. Iz toga zatim proizlazi stav da je potrebno odbaciti neke bitne vidove slike čovjeka, poglavito one koji se tiču čovjekova odnosa prema transcendenciji, kao i njegove sposobnosti za etičko djelovanje. U današnjem kulturnom i znanstvenom kontekstu izgubio se svaki trag onome što smo stoljećima u kulturnoj povijesti, u povijesti religija, u filozofiji i teologiji nazivali imenom „duša“. Pojam „duša“ nije više predmet studijskog izučavanja, tek je još retorička ili pjesnička figura, riječ kojoj se pridaje puka simbolička vrijednost u popisu uhodanih pobožnih izraza religioznog jezika. U prvom dijelu rada, koji nosi naslov „Sudbina duše u doba znanosti“, pratit ćemo progresivno iščeznuće pojma ljudske duše u filozofiji, psihologiji i neuroznanostima. Moderne znanosti radije koriste pojmove kao što su: ja, svijest, subjektivnost, um, psiha, mozak, duh, a sasvim rijetko „duša“. U drugom i glavnom dijelu rada, pod naslovom „Ponovno misliti dušu u kulturi prožetoj znanstvenim duhom“ pokušat ćemo ukazati na potrebu ponovne aktualizacije pojma duše, s ciljem da se nadiđe scijentistička vizija stvarnosti i antropološki redukcionizam. Najprije ćemo razmotriti biblijsko značenje riječi „duša“, kao i njezinu funkciju u teološkom govoru. Nakon toga prikazat ćemo neke aktualne teološke pokušaje da se progovori o ljudskoj duši u obzorju današnjih znanstveno-filozofskih rasprava. Svrha ovog doprinosa sastoji se u jednom, koliko je to uopće moguće, sažetom prikazu aktualnosti zaboravljenog pojma ljudske duše, kao i pokušaju da se taj pojam učini razumljivim suvremenom čovjeku u kontekstu prirodoznanstvene slike svijeta. Pojam ljudske duše i danas može biti „prijenosnik“ cjelovite i smislene vizije kršćanske slike čovjeka.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Un/natural Disasters II Epistemology and Ontology of Multiple Simultaneous Un/natural Disasters.
- Author
-
Krkač, Kristijan
- Subjects
NATURAL disasters ,PRACTICAL reason ,PREPAREDNESS ,THEORY of knowledge ,CLIMATE change denial ,DISASTER resilience ,EMERGENCY management - Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Christian Epistemology: Receptive or Projective?
- Author
-
KNASAS, JOHN F. X.
- Subjects
THEORY of knowledge ,CRITICAL realism ,MODERN philosophy ,CHRISTIAN philosophy ,REALISM ,METAPHYSICS - Abstract
Copyright of Logos: A Journal, of Religion, Philosophy Comparative Cultural Studies & Art (08687692) is the property of Logos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. KRITIKA TIJELA I TIJELO KRITIKE - DEKONSTRUKCIJA EPOHALNOGA DISKURSA U LIKU LUCIJE STIPANČIĆ
- Author
-
Jela Sabljić Vujica
- Subjects
epistemologija ,kritika ,Lucija Stipančić ,tjelesnost ,Vjenceslav Novak ,Language and Literature ,History of Central Europe ,DAW1001-1051 - Abstract
Svaka ozbiljna rasprava o prozi Vjenceslava Novaka uzima činjenicu nemogućnosti njezina smještanja u unaprijed zadani diskurzivni okvir kao normu. Od Frangeša do Nemeca, književna će kritika i teorija u Novakovim djelima s pravom uočavati elemente koji istovremeno potvrđuju i potiru nazore epohe. Ovaj će se rad, na primjeru ambivalentnoga tretmana lika Lucije Stipančić u romanu Posljednji Stipančići, baviti analizom upravo tih elemenata. Nema sumnje kako se kroz Lucijin lik prelamaju proturječni individualni i društveni motivi. Ono što izaziva pozornost jest točka prijeloma: kritika postaje moguća tek u trenutku kada njezina realizacija više nije moguća. Koristeći epistemološke uvide Foucaulta, Bachelarda i nazore performativne feminističke kritike (Butler), ali i Novakove estetske preokupacije (Čemu se uči teorija glazbe), u radu će se pokušati odgovoriti na pitanje u kojoj je mjeri moguće govoriti o umjetnički svjesnom činu subvertiranja epohalnoga jezika, a u kojoj je mjeri riječ tek o simptomatičnim ideološkim i diskurzivnim impulsima inherentno nazočnima u svakom jezičnom iskazu.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Kvantna paradigma in njen spiritualni odsev: Ultimativna umetnost Kazimira Maleviča
- Author
-
Kukovec, Dunja
- Subjects
čustvo ,informacija ,epistemologija ,kozmologija ,kvantna paradigma ,modernizem ,spiritualizem ,starokrščanska ,umetnost ,zavedanje ,zavest ,awareness ,consciousness ,cosmology ,modernism ,early-christian art ,emotion ,epistemology ,information ,quantum paradigm ,spirituality ,Oriental languages and literatures ,PJ - Abstract
Pričujoče besedilo govori o možnostih
- Published
- 2019
13. CLASSICAL CRITICAL THEORY, EPISTEMOLOGICAL DIALECTICS AND GENERAL ECONOMY. REPLY TO CRITICISM RAISED IN BELGRADE AND SHANGHAI.
- Author
-
Sørensen, Asger
- Subjects
CRITICAL theory ,DIALECTIC ,HISTORICAL materialism ,SOCIAL democracy ,CRITICISM - Abstract
Copyright of Filozofija i Drustvo is the property of University of Belgrade, Institute for Philosophy & Social Theory and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. DIALECTICS AS IMMANENT CRITIQUE. OR, DIALECTICS AS BOTH ONTOLOGY AND EPISTEMOLOGY WITH A PRACTICAL INTENTION.
- Author
-
Shijun, Tong
- Subjects
THEORY of knowledge ,DIALECTIC ,INTELLECTUAL development ,ONTOLOGY ,CRITICAL theory ,VIRTUE epistemology - Abstract
Copyright of Filozofija i Drustvo is the property of University of Belgrade, Institute for Philosophy & Social Theory and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. DIALECTICS AS IMMANENT CRITIQUE. OR, DIALECTICS AS BOTH ONTOLOGY AND EPISTEMOLOGY WITH A PRACTICAL INTENTION.
- Author
-
Tong Shijun
- Subjects
THEORY of knowledge ,DIALECTIC ,ONTOLOGY ,CRITICAL theory ,INTENTION ,HEGELIANISM - Abstract
Copyright of Filozofija i Drustvo is the property of University of Belgrade, Institute for Philosophy & Social Theory and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Međunarodni odnosi u doba teorijskog pluralizma: o stanju discipline i glavnim raspravama početkom 21. veka
- Author
-
Marko Kovačević
- Subjects
međunarodni odnosi ,teorija ,metateorija ,ontologija ,epistemologija ,debate ,konstruktivizam ,pluralizam ,eklekticizam ,sociologija međunarodnih odnosa ,Religions. Mythology. Rationalism ,BL1-2790 ,Private international law. Conflict of laws ,K7000-7720 ,International relations ,JZ2-6530 - Abstract
Rad razmatra ključne rasprave u savremenim međunarodnim odnosima i kritički predstavlja i ocenjuje uvide teoretičara u njihovu sadržinu, sistematizujući ih u analitičkom okviru zasnovanom na Ventovom ontološkom zaokretu, inspirisanom Rozenauovom rekonceptualizacijom promene u svetskoj politici nakon završetka Hladnog rata. Svest o složenosti ovakvog zadatka je prisutna, no pomenuti okvir bi, ako ništa drugo, trebalo da ponudi čitaocu svojevrsnu mapu koja olakšava snalaženje u naizgled nepreglednom i zamršenom svetu teorije međunarodnih odnosa, njenih trajnih sporenja i novih istraživačkih tema. Autor je posebnu pažnju posvetio karakterizaciji discipline u stanju „teorijskog mira”, odnosno značenjima i implikacijama danas preovlađujućeg teorijskog pluralizma i eklekticizma u međunarodnim odnosima. Autor ostavlja zaključak otvorenim budući da nije moguće pouzdano predvideti na koji način će naučna zajednica odgovoriti na ove perspektive, bilo da se krene putem prodornijeg dijaloga u ranom dobu teorijskog pluralizma, ili da se više radi na „kritičkom rešavanju problema” koje svakodnevno ispostavlja turbulentna svetska politika.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN EPISTEMOLOGICAL ATTITUDE IN STUDENTS FROM NETHERLANDS AND IN STUDENTS FROM LATVIA TOWARDS THE SOURCES OF KNOWLEDGE.
- Author
-
Sivoronova, Jevgenija and Vorobjovs, Aleksejs
- Subjects
- *
STUDENT attitudes , *UNIVERSITIES & colleges , *FACULTY-college relationship , *SCIENTIFIC literature - Abstract
Aim of the present research is to verify that there exist differences among epistemological attitudes in students from Netherlands and students from Latvia towards different sources of knowledge, scientific literature and articles, a tutor in an educational institution as a source of knowledge, popular science journals and newspapers, popular science broadcasts, internet resources. Epistemological attitude is a construct of a student's orientation reflecting formal and substantial evaluation aspects of the source of knowledge. The present theoretical construct allows studying psychological and epistemological mechanisms which determine imprinting the source image as a significant one. Students from different faculties of Erasmus University Rotterdam (Netherlands) (N=100; M=21.52 years, SD=3.75 years) participated in the present study held in 2017 in addition to students from different higher education institutions of Daugavpils city (Latvia) (N=102; M=23.08 years, SD=5.87 years). The results of the study showed that there is a statistically significant difference between the epistemological attitude of the students of Rotterdam Erasmus University and various higher education institutions of Daugavpils city concerning the assessment of all sources, formally and in content, in features (0.05 > p < 0.001) and in the content categories (0.05 > p < 0.001). It has been found that each source of knowledge is evaluated as a significant one, but the mechanisms that make up the importance differ among students in the Netherlands and Latvia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
18. Nazaj v prihodnost: avtomatizacija in preobrazba novinarske epistemologije.
- Author
-
Vobič, Igor, Šikonja, Marko Robnik, and Golob, Monika Kalin
- Subjects
- *
LITERARY recreations , *TECHNOLOGICAL innovations , *JOURNALISM , *JOURNALISTIC ethics - Abstract
The article stems from discussions on subjugating journalism to the capitalist imperative of 'rationalisation' of the labour process through technological innovations. A continuation of these tendencies is the gradual introduction of algorithms with the aim to supplement, enhance or replace journalistic work with technology. The apotheosis of this process is automated journalism, although it primarily supplements the established news production. Accompanying controversies raise challenging questions about what and how we know via journalism and how that knowledge is substantiated. In automated journalism, the construction of 'objective' facts and its language game depend not only on the combination of technology and human activity, but also on the separation of technological 'objectivity' and human subjectivity. The process of datafication of the facticity draws from the algorithmic judgment concentrated in the principle of legitimation through an instant and authoritative performance. In this respect, the historical principles of 'objective' journalism are being transformed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. 'Knowledge about Religions' and Analytical Skills in Religious Education: Reflections from a Norwegian Context.
- Author
-
ANDREASSEN, BENGT-OVE
- Subjects
THEORY of knowledge ,RELIGION ,EDUCATION - Abstract
Copyright of CEPS Journal is the property of University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Education and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Decomposition of Epistemology and Decision- Making for the Era of Modern Management.
- Author
-
Perić, Marko, Krkač, Kristijan, and Volarević, Hrvoje
- Subjects
THEORY of knowledge ,BUSINESS cycles ,INDUSTRIAL management ,MANAGEMENT philosophy ,PARADIGMS (Social sciences) ,BUSINESS models - Abstract
Copyright of Obnovljeni zivot is the property of University of Zagreb, Society of Jesus and Faculty of Philosophy & Religious Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Epistemologija halucinacij in slišanja glasov: prispevek konstruktivizma in nevrofenomenologije.
- Author
-
Možina, Miran
- Subjects
- *
THEORY of knowledge , *HALLUCINATIONS , *SOCIAL constructionism , *MENTAL illness - Abstract
This review article focuses on the debate which is once again resurfacing in western culture: is hearing voices (»auditory verbal hallucinations« (AVH) in psychiatric vocabulary) a symptom of mental disorder or valuable resource? What is the appropriate reaction to voice hearers and their social context: endeavours to silence the voices with medication or acceptance and their utilization for recovery? The author is contributing to this debate from the viewpoint of cybernetic or constructivist epistemology as it was defined by Gregory Bateson (1904-1980). After a short summary of the history of voice hearing the epistemological problems with the definition of AVH are presented. With neuroscientific discoveries and epidemiological data it is shown that we are all potential voice hearers. Then the neurophenomenological project is presented in a more detailed way, which could connect first- and third-person research of AVHs. Additionally this is explained with the presentation of possibilities for the coexistence of objectivist nomothetic, hermeneutic constructivist and transformative epistemology. The article concludes with a consideration of not only how this coexistence could be helpful for a better quality of response to voice hearers, but also in a broader sense for the development of science and correction of pathologies of epistemology which are threatening ourselves, our close relatives, society and indeed the whole ecology of our planet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
22. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF EPISTEMOLOGICAL ATTITUDE IN STUDENTS FROM LATVIA AND THE NETHERLANDS TOWARDS THE SOURCES OF KNOWLEDGE.
- Author
-
Sivoronova, Jevgenija and Vorobjovs, Aleksejs
- Subjects
STUDENT attitudes ,COMPARATIVE studies ,COLLEGE teachers ,SCIENTIFIC literature ,UNIVERSITIES & colleges - Abstract
Copyright of Social Sciences Bulletin / Sociālo Zinātņu Vēstnesis is the property of Socialo Zinatnu Vestnesis and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
23. DAVID HUME ON TWO DIFFERENT SPECIES OF PHILOSOPHY: INTERSECTING EPISTEMOLOGICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACHES.
- Author
-
STEPUKONIS, AIVARAS
- Subjects
THEORY of knowledge ,DUALISM ,SENSORY perception - Abstract
Copyright of Logos: A Journal, of Religion, Philosophy Comparative Cultural Studies & Art (08687692) is the property of Logos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Dreaming under Locke's Shadow.
- Author
-
STASIULIS, NERIJUS
- Subjects
TECHNOLOGICAL societies ,INTERPERSONAL relations ,REFORMATION - Abstract
Copyright of Filosofija, Sociologija is the property of Lithuanian Academy of Sciences Publishers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Antrinė kultūra ir antrinė gamta: faktai, postfaktai ir socialinis mokslinių objektų konstravimas
- Author
-
Conrad Russell
- Subjects
faktai ,socialinis konstravimas ,artefaktas ,epistemologija ,Sociology (General) ,HM401-1281 - Abstract
Politinėse ir visuomeninėse diskusijose „9–11“ konspiracijos teorijos šalininkai ar neigiantieji klimato kaitą dažnai imasi konstruktyvizmo, kurį naudoja kaip „post-faktus“ pagrindžiantį argumentą. Mokslo studijose konstruktyvizmas irgi sukėlė nemenką sumaištį, todėl šiame straipsnyje noriu naujai pažvelgti į tai, ką apie mokslo faktus kalbėjo patys šios intelektualinės tradicijos atstovai. Remdamasis Gastono Bachelardo įžvalgomis, labai svarbiomis mokslinio konstruktyvizmo sampratai, bandau įrodyti, kad mokslas gali prasiskverbti į tiriamų reiškinių „noumeno esmę“ todėl, kad jis juos konstruoja. Tačiau tai nereiškia, kad moksliniai faktai gali tapti viskuo, kuo tik mes įsigeistume, kad jie būtų.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. JOGINĖS PERCEPCIJOS (YOGIPRATYAKṢ A) KONTROVERSIJA INDIŠKOS EPISTEMOLOGIJOS KONTEKSTE
- Author
-
Audrius Beinorius
- Subjects
percepcija ,epistemologija ,mimansa ,joga ,Indijos filosofija ,Philosophy (General) ,B1-5802 - Abstract
Straipsnyje analizuojama joginės, ar ypatingosios, percepcijos (yogipratyakṣa) prigimties samprata indiškosios epistemologijos kontekste. Remiantis pirminiais Indijos filosofinių mokyklų (darśana) sanskrito šaltiniais bei šiuolaikiniais kritiniais tyrimais bandoma atsakyti į klausimus: kaip įvairiose mokyklose aprašoma ir kategorizuojama joginė percepcija? Koks vaidmuo jai suteikiamas bendroje Indijos epistemologinėje schemoje (pramān ̣avada)? Kaip ši percepcija verifikuojama ir jos pažinimas validuojamas ir kokia polemika šiuo klausimu vyko tarp skirtingų Indijos mokyklų? Kodėl ir kokiais argumentais remdamasi joginę percepciją atmeta ortodoksalioji mimansos (mīmāṃ sā) mokykla? Tyrimui pasitelkiama kompleksinė – tekstologinė semantinė, hermeneutinė ir lyginamoji – metodologija. Daroma išvada, kad joginę percepciją pripažįsta ir į bendrą pažinimo sistemą inkorporuoja beveik visos filosofinės Indijos mokyklos: joga, samkhja, budistai, vedanta, njaja, vaišešika ir kt., tik skirtingai ją interpretuoja. Paradoksalu yra tai, jog vienintelė mokykla, demonstruojanti radikalų nepasitikėjimą jogine percepcija, yra vediškosios hermeneutikos ir ritualistinės egzegezės tradicija – mimansa ir jos atstovas Kumārila Bhaṭṭa (7 a.). Atskleista, jog mimansos mokykla neigia ne konkrečius pavienius joginio pažinimo teiginius ir ne pačią joginės percepcijos galimybę, bet tokio ypatingojo pažinimo loginio pagrindimo nenuoseklumą, perteikimo kitiems lingvistinį tikslumą ir antjuslinio pažinimo naudą legitimuojant apreiškimo (śruti) teiginius paprastiems žmonėms.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. About this Book
- Author
-
Rošker, Jana S. and Vrhovski, Jan
- Subjects
Chinese philosophy ,kitajska filozofija ,logic ,intercultural dialogue ,udc:1Russell B.(082) ,medkulturni dialog ,logika ,epistemologija ,Bertrand Russell - Published
- 2022
28. Everyday Life and Technoscience.
- Author
-
RIMKUS, EDVARDAS
- Subjects
PHILOSOPHY of science ,PHILOSOPHY of technology ,EVERYDAY life ,SOCIOLINGUISTICS ,THEORY of knowledge - Abstract
Copyright of Filosofija, Sociologija is the property of Lithuanian Academy of Sciences Publishers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. The Mind of the Political and Social Animal.
- Author
-
STASIULIS, NERIJUS
- Subjects
HUMAN behavior ,BRAIN ,CONSCIOUSNESS ,PHILOSOPHY of mind ,POLITICAL philosophy - Abstract
Copyright of Filosofija, Sociologija is the property of Lithuanian Academy of Sciences Publishers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Juslumo ir antjuslumo asimetrija Arvydo Šliogerio patyrimo sampratoje
- Author
-
Mantautas Ruzas
- Subjects
Šliogeris ,Heideggeris ,patyrimas ,ontologija ,epistemologija ,objektas ,Philosophy (General) ,B1-5802 - Abstract
Straipsnis skiriamas Šliogerio patyrimo sampratos tyrimui. Ši samprata yra nagrinėjama pagrečiui su Heideggerio filosofija. Patiriamas objektas Šliogerio filosofijoje, skirtingai negu Heideggerio, traktuojamas ne kaip imanentinis objektas, konstituotas intencionalių sąmonės aktų ar signifikacijos, bet kaip transcendentinis daiktas, kurio pamatinė patyrimo sąlyga – radikalus sąmonės ir daikto dualizmas. Daiktiškąją plotmę Šliogeris tapatina su grynojo juslumo plotme. Juslinė duotis Šliogerio filosofijoje, visų pirma, patiriama kaip juslinė duotis be duoties sąlygų, duotis, kuri pati yra pamatinė ir pirminė sąlyga antjuslinės duoties – kalbinės plotmės atžvilgiu. Heideggerio patyrimo sampratoje kalbinis dėmuo yra pirminis juslinės plotmės atžvilgiu: elementarus kasdienis patyrimas pirmiausia funkcionuoja kaip hermeneutinė praktika, suprantantis-interpretuojantis patyrimas.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. 'Praying for the Cure'
- Author
-
Luka Culiberg
- Subjects
China ,disease ,Kitajska ,medicine ,Social sciences and state - Asia (Asian studies only) ,West ,epidemija ,epistemology ,tradition ,Japonska ,znanost ,epidemic ,tradicija ,sodobnost ,Japan ,udc:61: 16 ,bolezen ,H53 ,epistemologija ,modernity ,Zahod ,science ,medicina - Abstract
“Science” and “magic” are not simply two opposing thought processes which have a straightforward relationship, first, on a presumed axis of progress—from magic to science, and second, within the context of a presumed cultural divide—Western “science” vs. Eastern “tradition”. The aim of this paper is to examine in historical perspective the introduction of so-called “Western medicine” in Japan and examine the idea that through this introduction “traditional” Chinese knowledge was simply superseded by “modern” Western science. By looking into the intellectual currents within the field of medicine, specifically in eighteenth-century Japan, and comparing them to those in the West, the article tries to challenge the narrative of “modernity” as a sort of uniquely Western achievement defined by “disenchantment”, “rationalism” and “science”.
- Published
- 2022
32. Un/natural Disasters II: Epistemology and Ontology of Multiple Simultaneous Un/natural Disasters
- Author
-
Kristijan Krkac
- Subjects
Un/natural disasters ,multiple simultaneous disasters ,epistemology ,ontology ,Fuel Technology ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,ne/prirodne katastrofe ,višestruke istovremene katastrofe ,epistemologija ,ontologija ,Un/natural disasters, multiple simultaneous disasters, epistemology, ontology - Abstract
In this paper, the author continues developing a philosophy of multiple simultaneous un/natural disasters (MSD) in terms of further development of epistemology of know-how, and the ontology of appearance/reality of such disasters, mostly in the light of globally relevant disasters during 2021, namely floods in central China and in Germany and Belgium, wildfires in Siberia, etc. The paper is a continuation of the research from the initial paper “Un/natural disasters, Philosophy of multiple simultaneous un/natural disasters” (Krkač, 2022) which concerns philosophy of MSDs during 2020, mostly in Croatia within the global context. The main issues in this text are epistemology and ontology of and in multiple simultaneous un/natural disasters, in terms of know-how and appearance-reality distinction. These are being analyzed in conceptual-morphological terms, the goal of which is reaching clear concepts of know-how and reality of and in MSDs which seem to have importance for our understanding of MSDs, deciding, and acting before, in, and after them. The critical finding is concerned with the fact that beyond global MSD hotspots, and beyond special services equipped and trained to act before, during and after MSDs, there is little understanding of and preparedness for MSDs, globally speaking and on average. This overall lack seems to be obvious, and the clearest proofs of it are MSDs in the period between 2020 and 2022., U ovom radu autor nastavlja razvijati filozofiju višestrukih istovremenih ne/prirodnih katastrofa (MSD) u smislu daljnjeg razvoja epistemologije knowhowa, te ontologije pojavnosti/stvarnosti takvih katastrofa ponajviše u svjetlu globalno relevantnih katastrofa tijekom 2021., odnosno poplava u središnjoj Kini te u Njemačkoj i Belgiji, šumskih požara u Sibiru itd. Ovaj rad je nastavak istraživanja iz inicijalnog rada „Ne/prirodne katastrofe, filozofija višestrukih istovremenih ne/prirodnih katastrofa” (Krkač, 2022.) koji se tiče filozofije višestrukih istovremenih ne/prirodnih katastrofa (MSD) tijekom 2020. godine, ponajviše u Hrvatskoj u globalnom kontekstu. Glavna pitanja u ovom tekstu su epistemologija i ontologija višestrukih istovremenih ne/prirodnih katastrofa u smislu razlikovanja znanja i izgleda-stvarnosti. Oni su analizirani u konceptualno-morfološkom smislu čiji je cilj postizanje jasnih koncepata znanja i stvarnosti MSD-a i za koje se čini da su relevantni za naše razumijevanje MSD-a, odlučivanja i djelovanja prije, za vrijeme i nakon njih. Kritični rezultat se odnosi na činjenicu da postoji malo razumijevanja i spremnosti za MSD-ove globalno gledano i u prosjeku, izvan globalnih žarišta MSD-a, te izvan posebnih službi opremljenih i osposobljenih za djelovanje prije, tijekom i nakon MSD-a. Čini se da je ovaj opći nedostatak evidentan, a njegov najjasniji dokaz su višestruke istovremene ne/prirodne katastrofe (MSD) u razdoblju između 2020. i 2022.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Socialinė simuliacija kaip komunikacijos procesų prognostinė priemonė: teorinė ir filosofinė perspektyvos
- Author
-
JOVILĖ BAREVIČIŪTĖ and VAIDA ASAKAVIČIŪTĖ
- Subjects
Simuliacija ,Sociology and Political Science ,Filosofai / Philosophers ,Communication process ,Komunikacija / Communication ,Being ,Epistemology ,Filosofija / Philosophy ,Prognostic ,Philosophy ,Cognition ,Lietuva (Lithuania) ,Prognostika ,Epistemologija ,Philosophers ,Žanas Bodrijaras (Jean Baudrillard) ,Egzistencializmas / Existentialism ,Simulation ,Pažinimas - Abstract
Straipsnyje iš teorinės ir filosofinės perspektyvų pristatoma socialinė simuliacija kaip prognostinė priemonė, skirta tirti, analizuoti ir numatyti komunikacijos bei kitus procesus socialinėse aplinkose. Pirmoje dalyje aptariami ontologinės ir epistemologinės simuliacijos reiškiniai, socialinės simuliacijos procesus traktuojant kaip epistemologinius. Antroje dalyje analizuojamas prancūzų sociologo ir medijų filosofo Jeano Baudrillardo požiūris į socialinę simuliaciją, paties autoriaus traktuojamą kaip ontologinę: čia pateikiami kontrargumentai, siekiant įvesti J. Baudrillardo neidentifikuojamą skirtį tarp ontologinės ir epistemologinės simuliacijos procesų. Trečioje dalyje gvildenamos socialinės simuliacijos kaip prognostinės priemonės veikimo principai ir jos teikiamos analitinės galimybės įvairių socialinių aplinkų ir jose vykstančių komunikacijos bei kitų procesų atvejais. Straipsnio pabaigoje daroma išvada, kad J. Baudrillardo plėtojama ontologinės simuliacijos koncepcija, anihiliuojanti klasikinę Vakarų metafiziką, klaidingai redukuoja skirtį tarp ontos (būtis) ir epistēmē (pažinimas, žinios). The article presents social simulation from theoretical and philosophical perspectives as a prognostic tool for researching, analysing and anticipating communication and other processes in social environments. The first part discusses the phenomena of ontological and epistemological simulation, treating social simulation processes as epistemological ones. The second part analyses the attitude of the French sociologist and media philosopher Jean Baudrillard towards social simulation, which he himself treats as ontological one. The counterarguments to introduce Baudrillard’s unidentified distinction between ontological and epistemological simulation processes are presented. The third part deals with the principles of the functioning of social simulations as a prognostic tool and provides analytical possibilities for various social environments, communication and other processes. At the end of the article, it is concluded that Baudrillard’s concept of ontological simulation, which annihilates classical Western metaphysics, erroneously reduces the difference between ontos and epistēmē.
- Published
- 2022
34. „Radikali' abejonė Descartes’o filosofijoje
- Author
-
Tomas Saulius
- Subjects
Descartes’as ,epistemologija ,metodas ,radikali abejonė ,skepticizmas ,Philosophy (General) ,B1-5802 - Abstract
Descartes’o kūriniai paprastai laikomi takoskyra tarp scholastinės ir Naujųjų laikų filosofijos. Vyrauja nuostata, kad šiuose kūriniuose pristatytas ir praktikuojamas radikalios abejonės metodas atveria naujus minties horizontus – leidžia pasiekti neabejotiną tikrumą, laikantis „pirmojo asmens perspektyvos“ ir nesiremiant iš principo nepatikrinamomis prielaidomis apie suvokiančio subjekto santykį su suvokimo objektais. Straipsnyje mėginama parodyti, kad toks požiūris į kartezinę filosofiją yra gana paviršutiniškas. Įdėmesniam žvilgsniui atsiskleidžia tiek „eksplicistinės“, tiek „implicistinės“ Descartes’o presupozicijos, kurios, praktikuojant radikaliąją abejonę, lieka jo nekvestionuotos ir, maža to, ilgainiui įtvirtinamos kaip fundamentalūs pasaulėžiūriniai principai ar racionalios mąstysenos normos.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Towards a New Science of Civilization: A Synthetic Study of the Philosophical Views of al-Farabi, Ibn Khaldun, Arnold Toynbee, and Samuel Huntington.
- Author
-
Bakar, Osman
- Subjects
PHILOSOPHY of science ,CIVILIZATION - Abstract
Copyright of Synthesis Philosophica is the property of Croatian Philosophical Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Second Culture and Second Nature: Fact, Post-Fact, and the Social Construction of Scientific Objects.
- Author
-
Russell, Conrad
- Subjects
THEORY of knowledge ,SCIENTIFIC knowledge ,PHILOSOPHY of science ,SCIENCE education ,METAPHYSICS - Abstract
Copyright of Sociologija: Mintis ir Veiksmas is the property of Vilnius University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. A Brief History of New Realism.
- Author
-
Ferraris, Maurizio
- Subjects
REALISM ,IDEALISM ,POSTMODERNISM (Philosophy) ,HISTORY - Abstract
Copyright of Filozofija i Drustvo is the property of University of Belgrade, Institute for Philosophy & Social Theory and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Pragmatic Epistemology and the Community of Engaged Actors.
- Author
-
Prodanović, Srđan
- Subjects
PRAGMATISM ,THEORY of knowledge ,SOCIAL participation - Abstract
Copyright of Filozofija i Drustvo is the property of University of Belgrade, Institute for Philosophy & Social Theory and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. SURVIVAL GUIDE TO GRAND THEORIZING AND THE CENTRAL DOGMA OF SOCIAL SCIENCE.
- Author
-
YAM, Shing-Chung Jonathan
- Subjects
SOCIAL sciences ,THEORY of knowledge ,COMMUNICATION ,PRESUPPOSITION (Logic) ,EDUCATIONAL planning ,EMPIRICAL research - Abstract
Copyright of Društvena Istraživanja is the property of Institute of Social Sciences Ivo Pilar and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. CHRISTIAN WITNESS AS EPISTEMOLOGY: A READING IN STANLEY HAUERWAS.
- Author
-
Fokrote, Līva
- Subjects
- *
WITNESS bearing (Christianity) , *THEORY of knowledge , *THEOLOGY , *RELIGIOUS doctrines , *CHURCH & the world , *GOD in Christianity , *RELIGION - Abstract
The paper is an inquiry into the understanding of Christian witness by contemporary North American theologian Stanley Hauerwas. The paper will argue that it is possible to read Hauerwas's proposal of Christian witness as epistemology - dealing with the knowledge of Christian convictions, their truthfulness and validation. Hauerwas's theology centres on the church to the degree that some researchers have termed it an “ecclesiocentric” theology. It will be suggested that his understanding of Christian witness, however, is primarily epistemological and only secondarily ecclesiological. The discussion will focus on two recent works by Hauerwas, “With the Grain of Universe” and “Approaching the End”, where he has defined the concept and practice of Christian witness and defended its necessity for the true knowing of God and world. First, the paper will examine the goal of Christian witness and suggest that it is understood by Hauerwas as aimed at communicating the truths of Christian convictions to the world. Second, it will consider how the witness is carried out and how it validates Christian convictions. It will be shown that the church's communal lifestyle as the “embodied” truth is the primary, but not the only, form of witness. In the end, Hauerwas's account of Christian witness will be formulated as an epistemological project. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
41. REVIZIONISTINIS KONSTRUKTYVIOJO EMPIRIZMO NORMATYVUMAS
- Author
-
Justas Bujokas and Marius Povilas Šaulauskas
- Subjects
konstruktyvusis empirizmas ,mokslo praktika ,epistemologija ,aksiologija ,agneologija ,Philosophy (General) ,B1-5802 - Abstract
Kokia nūdienio mokslo prigimtis, koks jo pažintinis statusas? Ir dar plačiau: ar ir kaip įmanomas racionalus žinojimas? Šie klausimai nūdienos mokslo filosofijoje sprendžiami visų pirma empirizmo ir mokslinio realizmo ginčuose. Bene ryškiausia šiuolaikinio britų empirizmo forma – Baso van Fraasseno konstruktyvusis empirizmas, arba tiksliau konstruktyvusis empiricizmas (KE). Straipsnyje, remiantis ir ginčijant visų pirma van Fraasseno, Gideono Roseno ir Marco Alspector-Kelly argumentaciją, pateikiama revizionistinio KE normatyvumo samprata. Tvirtinama, kad KE epistemologijoje implicitiškai slypintis normatyvumas yra (a) neišvengiamas ir (b) euristiškai naudingas. Neišvengiamas, nes pati deskripcijos ir normos dichotomija nėra absoliuti. Būtent tai visų pirma atskleidžia van Fraasseno ir Roseno diskusijos analizė KE daugiaprasmiškumo bei jo diktuojamų metodologinių nuostatų terminais. Euristiškai naudingas, nes lankstusis KE normatyvumas, lyginant jį su rigidiškais mokslinio realizmo ontologiniais postulatais, siūlo epistemologiškai nuosaikesnę ir empiriškai adekvatesnę mokslo sampratą, apimančią nuolat kintančių episteminių, normatyvinių ir aksiologinių praktikų įvairovės visumą. Šio euristinio KE potencialo sąlyga galų gale yra KE vykdoma nuosaikioji agneologinio moderniojo mokslinio žinojimo revizija lygiai tiek, kiek jis yra moderniosios filosofijos atmaina.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Subjektas
- Author
-
Bernardas Lonerganas
- Subjects
Bernardas Lonerganas ,krikščionybės filosofija ,filosofinė antropologija ,epistemologija ,subjektas ,Philosophy (General) ,B1-5802 - Abstract
Publikuojamas katalikų filosofo bei teologo B. Lonergano (1904–1984) 1968 m. perskaitytos paskaitos teksto vertimas. Joje nagrinėjama kognityvinė, epistemologinė bei antropologinė problematika. Teigiama. kad filosofijoje kurį laiką buvo ignoruojamas subjektas, ieškoma šio nepaisymo priežasčių. Pirmoji priežastis – tiesos objektyvumas: jis slypi anapus subjekto, šis trukdo pasiekti tikrą objektyvumą. Kitos priežastys- racionalistinė grynojo proto samprata ir metafizinė sielos samprata. Ignoruojamas subjektas pats savęs nepažįsta. Vadinamasis nupjautas (truncated) subjektas ne tik savęs nepažįsta, bet ir nežino, kad nežino. Aptariami konceptualistinės žmogaus sampratos trūkumai: antiistorinis nejudrumas, per didelis abstraktumas, būties kaip abstrakcijos samprata. Aptariama imanentinio subjekto samprata. Nagrinėjamos veiklos subjekto sampratos. Viena jų – egzistencinis subjektas: besielgdamas žmogiškasis subjektas pats padaro save tokį, koks jis yra, ir tai darydamas, jis yra laisvas ir atsakingas. Susvetimėjusiu subjektas tampa tada, kai atsižada savo autentiško gyvenimo ir panyra į savo psichikos ir prigimties tėkmę.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. J. Hintikka apie Wittgensteiną: pusinės ir pusantrinės tiesos
- Author
-
Albinas Plėšnys
- Subjects
Ludwigas Wittgensteinas ,Jaakko Hintikka ,logika ,epistemologija ,kalba ,Philosophy (General) ,B1-5802 - Abstract
Recenzuojama suomių logiko ir epistemologo J. Hintikkos knyga „Ludwigas Wittgensteinas: pusinės ir pusantrinės tiesos“. Knygą sudaro 16 straipsnių, parašytų per 20 metų. Juose atspindėtos labai įvairios L. Wittgensteino kūrybos ir veiklos pusės: jo santykiai su Vienos ratelio nariais, asmenybės bruožai. Nagrinėjama Wittgensteino vaizdų teorija: išskyręs įvairias jos komponentes, J. Hintikka jų pagalba pagrindžia diskusijas keliančią „Traktato“ struktūrą, nurodydamas jos teiginių reikšmingumą. Daud dėmesio skiriama Wittgensteino filosofinės pozicijos lūžiui, aptariamas jo filosofijos ir fenomenologijos santykis. Teigiama, kad „ Traktate“ aprašomi paprasti objektai yra betarpiško patyrimo, t. y. fenomenologiniai objektai, todėl „Traktatą“ galima laikyti fenomenologinėmis pratybomis. Parodomas Wittgensteino kritinis požiūris į fenomenologijos kalbą: pasaulis yra fenomenalistinis, o mūsų kalba – fizikalistinė.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Kompleksinis simbolis Protas ir epistemologinis reliatyvizmas
- Author
-
Gintautas Mažeikis
- Subjects
Protas ,simbolis ,epistemologija ,reliatyvizmas ,holizmas ,Philosophy (General) ,B1-5802 - Abstract
Straipsnyje plėtojama kompleksinio simbolio „Protas“ analizė. Jis suprantamas kaip kompleksinis simbolis, kuriuo žymimi sudėtingi, chaotiški pažinimo bei kultūriniai procesai ir kuris neretai skatina ypatingą emocionalumą ir reikalauja specifinio elgesio būdo, todėl gali būti traktuojamas kaip energetinis simbolis. Taikomas epistemologinio reliatyvizmo principas, kuris priešinamas vyraujančioms holistinėms epistemologijos nuostatoms, kurios traktuojamos kaip institucijų mitai. Apžvelgiama racionaliosios epistemologijos istorija remiantis kultūrinės ir filosofinės antropologijos požiūriu, aptariamos įvairios proto sampratos: protas, kaip įgalinanti judėjimą pirmoji priežastis; protas, kaip pasaulio būties pagrindas; protas, kaip išsigelbėjimą įgalinanti galia; protas, kaip įvairių substancijų kosmosą harmonizuojanti galia; protas, kaip mąstymo principų kūrėjas; protas, kaip visuotinė, apodiktiškai patiriama Ego struktūra; protas, kaip neuronų sąveikų produktas; protas, kaip gyvenimo (socialinių ir gamtinių) santykių išraiška. Kritikuojama K. R. Popperio trečiojo pasaulio koncepcija.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. F. Nietzsche’s požiūris į tiesą: mirtinas įkandimas?
- Author
-
Aivaras Stepukonis
- Subjects
epistemologija ,žinojimo sociologija ,tiesos samprata ,Philosophy (General) ,B1-5802 - Abstract
Norint deramai suprasti tiesos klausimu filosofuojantį Nietzsche’ę, būtina susipažinti su būdu, kuriuo mąstytojas sprendžia daugumą jam kylančių intelektinių problemų: šis būdas ne viena smulkmena primena metodinį René Descartes’o abejojimą. Nietzsche’s mąstyme galima aptikti bent tris posūkius nuo tradicinio, teigiamo požiūrio į tiesą: 1) mąstymas ir pažinimas redukuojami į fiziologinius kūno procesus ir nuolatinę vidinių būsenų kaitą; 2) daugelis ilgaamžių tiesų paverčiamos paprasčiausiais prietarais, naudingais faktinėms žmonių bendruomenėms kovojant su tikrove praktišku, bet kartu supaprastintu ir iškreiptu būdu; 3) tiesa nuvertinama arba neigiamai įvertinama kaip gyvenimui nepravarti ar net žalinga nuostata. Aptariant nyčiškąją tiesos sampratą, taip pat svarbu neišleisti iš akių mąstytojo potraukio genetetiniam aiškinimo būdui, nuolatiniam domėjimuisi istorine, antropologine ir filologine dorovinių bei visuomeninių reiškinių genealogija.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Kelyje į epistemologinį anarchizmą
- Author
-
Skirmantas Jankauskas
- Subjects
Paulis Feyerabendas ,mokslas ,mokslo filosofija ,neopozityvizmas ,epistemologija ,Philosophy (General) ,B1-5802 - Abstract
Straipsnyje nagrinėjami mokslo filosofijos istorinės mokyklos ir konkrečiai P. Feyerabendo mokslo dinaminių aspektų metodologiniai tyrimai. P. Feyerabendui pozityvizmas ir realizmas yra tik pažinimo interpretacijos, kurių pasirinkimą sąlygoja galimybė kritiškai vertinti mokslo rezultatus. P. Feyerabendas kritikuoja neopozityvistų mokslo pažinimo modelį ir siūlo savąjį. Atkaklumo principas turi būti derinamas su proliferacijos principu, kuris siūlo kurti ir vystyti nesuderinamas su nusistovėjusiais požiūriais teorijas net ir tuo atveju, kada šie požiūriai yra visiškai patvirtinti ir visuotinai pripažinti. P. Feyerabendo nuomone, šių abiejų principų sąveika yra esminis mokslo bruožas. Tik alternatyvių teorijų platinimas ir atkaklus jų laikymasis gali užtikrinti visapusišką teorijų galimybių išplėtojimą. P. Feyerabendas sukonstravo mokslo modelį įvertindamas kai kuriuos mokslo vyksmo ypatumus bei spręsdamas jų loginio derinimo problemas. Suvokdamas savojo modelio dirbtinumą, P. Feyerabendas apsidraudė jį paskelbdamas normatyviniu.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Sąmonės stratifikacija jogačaros buddhizmo filosofijoje
- Author
-
Audrius Beinorius
- Subjects
Sąmonė ,Indijos filosofija ,buddhizmas ,epistemologija ,Vasubandhus ,Philosophy (General) ,B1-5802 - Abstract
Straipsnyje nagrinėjama sąmonės prigimtis, jos samprata vienoje iš klasikinių Indijos mokyklų – jogačaros buddhizmo filosofijoje. Remiantis ankstyvaisiais jogačaros šaltiniais ir filosofiniais Vasabandhaus tekstais ir pasitelkus fenomenologinį, filosofinį-lyginamąjį bei semantinį tyrinėjimo metodus siekiama išanalizuoti sąmonės sampratą, ištirti įvairias fenomenologines sąmonės sklaidas bei hierarchinius jos lygmenis, aptarti šių sąmonės lygmenų skirtumų traktavimą ir išanalizuoti pagrindines epistemologinės jogačaros filosofijos kategorijas. Teigiama, kad likdamas ištikimas empirinei Buddhos patyrimo analizei, Vasubandhus seka Abhidharmos kanono tradicija ir preciziškai tipologizuoja proceso elementus, nesileisdamas nei į sautrantikos, nei į sarvastivados metafizinius apmąstymus. Išsaugodamas tradicinę sarvastivados Abhidharmos sensorinių sąmonių funkcinę tipologiją, jis išplečia ją kiek pakeisdamas mentalinės sąmonės veikimą ir įvesdamas aumens bei sąmonės saugyklos epistemologinį vaidmenį. Analizuodamas sąmonės prigimtį ir siekdamas atskleisti patyrimo konceptualizavimo proceso reikšmę, Vasubandhus pabrėžia epistemologinį (suvokimo psichologijos), o ne metafizinį ar ontologinį sąmonės aspektą.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. AN APPROACH TO EPISTEMOLOGY, LITERATURE, AND THE POET'S POLITICS.
- Author
-
Suvin, Darko
- Subjects
- *
STALINISM , *SKEPTICISM - Abstract
My presupposition is that the common sense or doxa we inherited from High Modernism has failed in, and because of, Post-Modernism and the Post-Fordist triumph of predatory capitalism. This would include the mass misuse of modern sciences in wars and impoverishment of peoples as well as the intellectual destruction of the presuppositions both for a practical Left in Stalinism, as manifested in the disasters after 1968 and 1989, and for a genuine freedom-loving liberalism. But this is a large subject-matter that should be developed separately, while refusing the Post-Modern "weak thought" abandonment of reason. I propose in this essay to suggest, first, what might be some foundations and salient aspects of epistemology, that branch of philosophy which asks how do we know what we (think we) know, and to propose an orientation in it (toward a "soft" skepticism). I then draw a parallel between sciences and arts, including their institutional anchorage, and in particular insofar as narration is concerned. I end with a brief glimpse of how the art and cognition of poetry may intervene in a politics of freedom and survival: importantly but indirectly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
49. Researching Ethnicity through Education Policy: Towards the Most Adequate Epistemology.
- Author
-
Kreceva, Katarina
- Subjects
ETHNICITY ,THEORY of knowledge ,EDUCATION policy ,SOCIAL policy ,EDUCATION - Abstract
Copyright of Treaties & Documents / Razprave in Gradivo is the property of Institut za Narodnostna Vprasanja and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2015
50. The debate at the spring of heaven
- Author
-
Rošker, Jana S.
- Subjects
Chinese humanism ,raziskovanje stvari ,Neo-Confucian epistemeology ,School of the Heart-Mind ,praznanje ,neokonfucijanstvo ,exploration of things ,šola srčne zavesti ,innate knowledge ,epistemologija ,kitajski humanizem ,udc:1 - Abstract
Qian Dehong (1496–1574) and Wang Ji (1498–1583), the two best known disciples of Wang Yangming's (1472–1529) School of Heart-Mind, represent two fundamental currents in the later Neo-Confucian epistemology. The present article follows the well-known assumption that two similar currents could also be observed in the parallel development of the Chan—Buddhist theories of perception or, theosophically speaking, in their teachings of salvation. This similarity is not accidental, for it is known that the teachings of the School of Heart-Mind—at least in part—were based on certain crucial paradigms of Buddhist philosophy, especially with regard to their theories of perception. However, these elements were integrated in a very latent and indirect way into the Neo-Confucian teachings, because the main focus of Qian and Wang's efforts was to establish a new view of man and their methods of gaining knowledge. These theoretical endeavors can be seen as a shift in the late Neo-Confucian perception of humanity, which could have led to more autochthonous forms of a specifically Chinese enlightenment.
- Published
- 2021
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.