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This essay explores the diverse modes of exhibition of 16mm in post-World War II Brazil, when projectors and prints in this gauge gained widespread use. Here we argue that the impact of 16mm was felt in postwar Brazil in both theatrical and non-theatrical circuits, stimulating the proliferation of film clubs in major cities but also the opening of commercial 16mm movie theaters around the country. It is true that projectors intended for schools and homes were available early in Brazil, but film exhibition outside of theaters expanded more markedly in the 1920s through both 9.5mm and 16mm film formats. [Extracted from the article]

This paper analyzes the first two years of operation of Marc Ferrez & Filhos (Marc Ferrez & Sons), a pioneer of film distribution in Brazil. As exclusive representative of French Pathé Frères in the country, the company oversaw the expansion of permanent movie theaters in Rio de Janeiro starting in 1907, created a national distribution network, and shaped the budding film market in Brazil. The paper shows that the increase in domestic film production after 1908, the so-called belle époque of Brazilian cinema, resulted from Marc Ferrez & Filhos’ dominance in programming at the best movie theaters in the capital of Brazil using their own original and exclusive representation model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]