Search

Objectives: Nowadays, it is believed that more than 240 million people worldwide are infected with the hepatitis B virus (HBV), associated with irreversible health-related consequences, represented by hepatic failure, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma, and already are ranked as 15th cause of human death around the world. Methods: A systematic review and a meta-analysis were performed to evaluate the effectiveness of vaccination and immunization on health professionals against HBV. The review was registered at the PROSPERO database (CRD42017075643). A search for cross-sectional studies was performed in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS, BBO, Cochrane Library, and in the gray literature. The Effective Public Health Practice Project Modified Scale was used to evaluate the internal quality of the studies included. Results: A total of 1865 articles were identified after the removal of duplicates. Of these, 790 studies remained after screening the titles and abstracts. Finally, ten studies remained after full-text reading for qualitative analysis, all of which were used in the meta-analysis. A significant difference was found in the vaccine protocol for health professionals immunized against hepatitis B, compared to those not immunized. The risk ratio was 7.37 (95% confidence interval = 3.92–13.83; P < 0.00001). Conclusion: This study showed that the vaccine protocol is effective in immunizing health professionals against hepatitis B. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The epidemiological surveys aim to evaluate the distribution and state determinants or events in health in given populations. Objective: To conduct an epidemiological survey on the socioeconomic condition, use of dental services, referred oral morbidity, self-perception, and oral health of inhabitants of the Teixeira Island, Paraná, Brazil. Material and methods: The study followed the statements of the World Health Organization and the Brazilian National Epidemiological Survey (SB Brazil 2010). Questionnaires were applied, and in the clinical examination the following data were collected: dental trauma, edentulism, fluorosis, caries in deciduous teeth (dmft), caries in permanent teeth (DMFT), Community Periodontal Index (CPI) and Loss of Periodontal Insertion Index (LPII). The data were analyzed with Statistical Package for Social Sciences software, version 21.0, and expresses in frequency tables. Results: Of the 108 inhabitants, 90 participated in the study. The socioeconomics conditions unfavorable were: low income and low schooling. The water supplying was not fluoridated. The perception of oral problems was reported by 82.2%; 48.9% declared to have had toothache in last the six months; the reason of search for care was predominantly for curative treatments. Almost 30% of the participants declared to be unsatisfied with their oral health. The values of DMFT and dmtf indexes were 13.9 and 1.2, respectively. The greater demand for maxillary prosthesis occurred in 39.7% of the sample, while 34.2% needed mandibular prosthesis. Conclusion: The oral diseases illnesses and need of treatment were evidenced in the sample, as well as risk factors that deserve attention of the public power. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Tooth decay is still a highly prevalent disease in populations. Because of this, epidemiological studies are carried out frequently and allow the monitoring of the experience of the disease. Objective: To estimate the prevalence of dental caries of 5 and 12-years-old schoolchildren in the cities of Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, and Porto Velho, Rondônia, as well as to search hypotheses of association with social/economic determinants and access to dental services. Material and methods: Secondary data were used from the Brazilian Oral Health Survey of 2010, as follows: household income by city and dmft/DMFT index for ages by city and region of Brazil. Results: It was observed in the city of Florianópolis a 5-years-old dmft of 1.56, and 12-years-old DMFT of 0.55. In Porto Velho the means were 2.89 and 4.15 to the respective age. It was found that in Porto Velho 89.5% of surveyed had family income up to R$2,500.00, while in Florianópolis 81.9% had R$501.00 to R$9,500.00. Conclusion: The city of Florianópolis had the best caries indices and socioeconomic conditions, suggesting an association between these variables, in detriment to the regions in the opposite situation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]