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This study investigates the moderating influence of the business strategy type on the correlation between environmental, social and governance (ESG) investment and efficiency in the gambling industry. By employing the range directional measure–network data envelopment analysis model, this study focuses on a sample of 29 gambling firms in North America, Europe, Asia and Oceania for the period of 2019–2022. Findings show that (i) the gambling industry demonstrates steadily increasing trends in the three ESG pillars; (ii) the gambling firms in Asia outperform their counterparts in North America across the three ESG pillars, and among the industry classifications, the betting operators lead in performance in the ESG pillars; and (iii) the adoption of an aggressive business strategy will enhance the translation of social responsibility investment and governance practices into heightened sustainability efficiency and marketability efficiency, respectively. Overall, this study enriches the ESG investment literature by exploring the moderating role of the business strategy type and provides insights into how diverse business strategies within the gambling industry can shape the outcomes of ESG initiatives. The implications of the findings extend to management teams and offer valuable insights into the interplay between the business strategy type and the ESG–firm efficiency nexus. Policymakers can leverage the results to design regulations and incentives that align with the different strategic profiles adopted by gambling firms to foster the creation of tailored and effective approaches for strengthening their sustainability in the industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Current food systems have significant negative environmental, social, and economic impacts. Externalized costs and benefits create false market incentives favoring less healthy and unsustainable options. Transitioning to sustainable agri-food systems requires that businesses internalize these externalities. Internalization of externalities (IOE) is often addressed through policy measures and regulatory initiatives. However, IOE can also be carried out through business models (BMs) and strategies which involve creating positive externalities, mitigating/preventing negative ones, as well as ensuring fair distribution of risks, costs, and benefits. Accordingly, sustainable and innovative BMs and strategies offer pathways to achieving IOE. This paper identifies existing sustainable and innovative BMs and strategies and explains how they can achieve IOE. Using an integrative literature review methodology, we reconcile both economics and business literature approaches. We subsequently carry out two levels of analysis including abductive coding and interrelationship evaluation. The paper explores the characteristics of BMs and strategies that address IOE, using the well-known concept of value and introduces a conceptual framework for categorizing business models and strategies for the internalization of externalities (BM4IOE). The article initiates a discourse on the role of BMs in the IOE within agri-food value chains and provides insights into how businesses can develop and implement models that effectively internalize externalities, thereby enhancing sustainability and driving innovation in the transition of agri-food systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Industrial symbiosis can be seen as a collaborative process where actors jointly identify, develop, and maintain resource management innovations, primarily related to secondary material and energy flows, to reduce waste generation and increase resource efficiency. Although industrial symbiosis is commonly recognized and promoted as a process creating business values for involved businesses, knowledge of what kind of values are created and how remains unstructured—and possibly incomplete. This is problematic because, without wider considerations as to what business values can be created through industrial symbiosis, the concept may not garner sufficient support from businesses and policy makers. Therefore, this paper aims to develop and present a framework that captures the wide range of business value propositions of industrial symbiosis, including benefits and sacrifices, along with their enabling mechanisms. The framework was developed based on a synthesis of the literature and interviews with actors involved with existing industrial symbiosis networks and is divided into four domains: costs, revenues, risks, and soft values. Beyond providing an overview of industrial symbiosis business values, the framework has additional uses, such as assisting in negotiations of relationship governance terms, including pricing and compensation mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the strategic role of carbon disclosure in shaping firm performance and board heterogeneity among heavily polluting companies in Bangladesh from 2013 to 2023. Using empirical data from 150 companies listed on the Dhaka Stock Exchange, the research examines the impact of board diversity—specifically gender, tenure, and educational heterogeneity—on carbon disclosure practices. The findings reveal that board gender and tenure heterogeneity negatively affect carbon disclosure, whereas educational heterogeneity has a positive impact. Additionally, firm performance shows a negative effect on carbon disclosure but does not significantly moderate the influence of board heterogeneity. These results underscore the importance of board diversity in enhancing carbon disclosure practices, thereby contributing to improved environmental management and firm performance in heavily polluting industries in Bangladesh. This research, grounded in legitimacy theory, stakeholder theory, and corporate governance literature, provides valuable insights for academics, practitioners, and policymakers focused on business strategies for environmental sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Over the next decade, humanity is going to face big environmental problems, and considering these serious issues, businesses are adopting environmentally responsible practices. To put forward specific measures to achieve a more prosperous environmental future, this study aims to develop an environment-based perspective framework by integrating the Internet of Things (IoT) technology into a sustainable automotive supply chain (SASC). Design/methodology/approach: The study presents a conceptual environmental framework – based on 29 factors constituting four stakeholders' rectifications – that holistically assess the SASC operations as part of the ReSOLVE model utilizing IoT. Then, experts from the SASC, IoT and sustainability areas participated in two rigorous rounds of a Delphi study to validate the framework. Findings: The results indicate that the conceptual environmental framework proposed would help companies enhance the connectivity between major IoT tools in SASC, which would help develop congruent strategies for inducing sustainable growth. Originality/value: This study adds value to existing knowledge on SASC sustainability and digitalization in the context where the SASC is under enormous pressure, competitiveness and increased variability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many sports organisations operate as non-profits, but the emphasis and role of for-profits in this sector cannot be avoided. Today, sports activities are connected to the business sector and generate profit, hence, sports sector is a decisive part of the economy. Sport profile companies differ in their organisational strategy formulation approach. The main focus was to learn more about their strategy approach and market behaviour. 350 sports business organisations were involved in a survey of 3,248 companies, and the Chi-square test, variance analysis, and principal component analysis were applied to the sample. Results showed that 75.7% of the responding sports companies had no written strategic plan. The availability of written strategies seemed to depend on the organisation's scale. The market-following behaviour was confirmed in the case of smaller sports enterprises. Fitness service providers appeared to follow a market-leading behaviour. Growth, investment, and development naturally emerged as essential factors for companies with higher sales revenue and operating sports facilities, and they were relatively less important in sports goods production and trade. Most of the results showed that in the sports business sector, large-scale organisations focus on strategic-related issues more than other players in the industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the vital role of corporations’ operational capabilities, which involve resources, competencies, and processes, in attaining the business’s strategic goals for profitability and sustainability. The methodology employs a selective literature review to analyze case studies, books, and articles that give an overview of operational management and its importance in achieving corporate goals. The results exhibit the challenges posed by rapid market changes, revealing the deficiencies of traditional operational systems focused solely on efficiency and cost. To attain sustained success, manufacturers must focus on a client-valued approach, align objectives with capabilities, and support inter-functional links. Companies with distinctive managerial processes outperform in profitability, emphasizing the significance of investing in management capabilities. Operational excellence necessitates a focus on efficiency, innovation, and customer experience, prompting a shift towards a learning style that encourages innovation. Aligning innovation efforts with business strategy is essential for sustainable competitive advantage. Technological innovation, particularly AI adoption, plays a transformative role in operational innovation, highlighting the importance of dynamic capabilities in managing technological change. Yet, effective inventory and supply chain management are important for meeting customer demand and maximizing efficiency through collaboration and adaptable control.

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to investigate the connection between earnings management, business strategy, and market competition. Design/methodology/approach – The study utilizes data from non-financial companies listed on the Indonesia and South Korea Stock Exchange between 2017 and 2021, involving 2,598 firms from Indonesia and 3,256 firms from South Korea. We use data panel analysis to explore the relationships between variables. Findings – Firms using cost leadership are prone to earnings management, while differentiation strategies are less inclined to do so. Market competition negatively correlates with earnings management in Indonesia and South Korea. Market competition moderates the relationship between differentiation strategy and earnings management in both countries. When profitability is considered, the results remain consistent, particularly in Indonesia. Research limitations/implications – This research enriches previous studies on earnings management and business strategy by examining the extent of industry competitiveness in developed and developing markets. Practical implications – This finding is significant for managers, guiding them in the selection of an appropriate business strategy within a competitive environment. Originality/value – This study is unique in that it examines the subject matter in both developed and developing countries, specifically Indonesia and South Korea, to compare the differences.

Numerous authors and researchers state that the transition from Industry 4.0 to Industry 5.0 is practically a transformation from digital manufacturing to a digital society with the convergence of science and technologies in Society 5.0, moving from technology to society. Changes are noticeable in the field of quality, and it is realistic to expect a transition from Quality 4.0 to Quality 5.0, which involves a significant shift in focus and approach. This research aims to answer several questions: 1) to clearly understand the current situation and learn lessons from the implementation, successes, and drawbacks of Quality 4.0; 2) to discuss the vision, mission, trends, and challenges in transitioning to Quality 5.0; 3) to define models for the development, implementation, and integration of Quality 5.0, covering important variables such as development strategy, digitalization strategy, level of investment, level of business excellence, competitiveness level, and knowledge level. In this manuscript, we will provide an analysis and insights from a literature review of published manuscripts in this field, insights from industry solutions, as well as results from recent research.

Decision-making in consulting firms is a crucial process that has impacted their competitiveness in a dynamic environment. These organizations must adapt to the growing demand for specialized services and confront various operational challenges. Therefore, this study has focused on analyzing the key factors that affect decision-making in achieving business success by maximizing resources and competitiveness at CONAS, a Cuban consulting firm. Using the neutrosophic VIKOR method as a multicriteria tool, 11 key factors were evaluated to establish causal relationships among the variables. The results revealed that competent personnel, international recognition, and effective management are determinants for enhancing the adaptation and prosperity of consulting firms. In conclusion, understanding and applying these factors facilitate organizational success by optimizing resources and improving competitiveness. Furthermore, it is suggested to investigate how digital transformation and sustainability influence decision-making, as well as to conduct comparative studies with other consulting firms in the region.

Abstract In the evolving global business environment, corporate social responsibility (CSR) has transitioned from being a philanthropic effort to a critical strategic necessity, particularly within Asian economies. Despite the increasing importance of CSR, the literature examining its application and impact in Asia remains both sparse and fragmented. This study addresses this gap by conducting a systematic literature review (SLR) of 79 scholarly articles, adhering to PRISMA guidelines, to ensure a comprehensive and replicable analysis of CSR practices within Asian corporate entities. The review uncovers key themes related to the integration of CSR into corporate governance structures, including the emphasis on renewable energy, ethical business conduct, employee engagement, and data privacy, while highlighting the distinct challenges and opportunities faced by Asian companies given their unique cultural, social, and regulatory landscapes. The findings indicate that although Asian firms are increasingly incorporating CSR into their strategies, there is a significant need for more robust evaluation frameworks, particularly concerning biodiversity, deforestation, and collaboration with conservation organizations. Looking ahead, the study emphasizes the importance of prioritizing renewable energy as a critical environmental focus across Asia, especially given the region's rapid urbanization and industrial growth. The transition to renewable energy sources is not only vital for mitigating environmental impacts and combating climate change but also presents long-term economic benefits. Additionally, the study identifies a substantial growth in digital adoption across various sectors in Asia, underscoring the need for stronger cybersecurity measures to protect emerging digital infrastructures. Culturally and socially, many Asian countries show a natural inclination towards sustainability, which can be leveraged to foster greater acceptance and integration of renewable energy at the grassroots level. Furthermore, the study advocates for enhanced collaboration within Asia and on a global scale to facilitate knowledge transfer, share best practices, and achieve economies of scale in renewable energy projects. Such joint efforts could accelerate the transition to sustainable energy and help overcome challenges related to technology, finance, and policymaking. These insights are essential for both scholars and practitioners aiming to align CSR practices with global sustainability goals, thereby fostering responsible corporate behaviour across diverse sectors in Asia.

Good agricultural practices (GAP) are guidelines designed to ensure the production of high-quality agricultural products that meet specified standards while optimizing resource use. This study aimed to examine the challenges and success factors in implementing a holistic system of GAP in hydroponic vegetable business management and to enhance the efficiency of Thailand's policies on safe agricultural standards. In this study, a qualitative research methodology was used, using in-depth interviews, semi-structured interviews, and observations with 36 intermediaries and consumers in Thailand. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics. The study revealed that key challenges to successful GAP implementation include unsupportive government policies and a lack of in-depth knowledge among farmers on how to effectively apply GAP principles. For successful implementation, it is crucial that farmers who lead these efforts thoroughly understand the methods and prioritize safe and proper farming practices. This knowledge can then be leveraged to prepare and educate farmers, producers, and entrepreneurs to produce high-quality agricultural products. GAP for crops include policies, benchmarks, and audit processes that adhere to international standards, providing a framework for controlling and promoting product quality throughout the agricultural production process, including post-certification maintenance. The study suggests that cooperation across all relevant sectors, from upstream to downstream, is essential for the successful implementation of GAP. Such collaboration would significantly enhance the quality and safety of Thailand's agricultural standards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digitisation is among the macro-trends that significantly influence the business world in the twenty-first century. Firms striving to succeed in this environment must develop new strategic approaches. The accelerating development of information technology (IT) drives digitisation. Therefore, IT and business strategies must be integrated. In this context, the information systems literature promotes the concept of digital business strategies (DBSs), reflecting a fusion between IT and business strategies. However, knowledge of the types and characteristics of such DBSs is currently scarce. Therefore, we developed a conceptually and empirically grounded typology of DBS based on the well-known business strategy classification by Miles and Snow (1978). Using a dataset comprising 192 firms worldwide, we conducted a cluster analysis, identified basic types of DBS, and evaluated their effects on firm performance. Moreover, we identified four types of DBS: non-digital reactor, analyser, digital opportunist, and digital producer. The study contributes to a better understanding of new business strategy concepts in the digitisation context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to investigate the effect of management ability, business strategy, and profitability on corporate tax aggressiveness. This study uses mediation analysis with the Smart PLS approach on a sample of basic materials sector companies listed on the IDX from 2020 to 2022. The results show that more capable management tends to adopt a conservative approach in tax management practices. In addition, business strategies such as prospector and defender have a significant impact on tax aggressiveness. More profitable companies tend to implement more aggressive tax strategies. Companies need to improve managerial capabilities to manage taxes more effectively, as well as formulate appropriate business strategies to mitigate tax risks in the future. With a better understanding of tax risks, companies can minimize potential tax disputes and protect their reputation and long-term performance. This study extends the research time scope to 2022 and uses corporate governance mechanisms as moderating variables, both internal and external, which have not been widely studied in previous studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is a topical issue of global importance, which is due, on the one hand, to the United Nations Sustainable Development Agenda and, on the other hand, to business awareness of it as a strategic tool. In Georgia, an activation of financial institutions in the direction of CSR has been observed in recent years. The presented paper aims to study the impact of actions taken by banks within the framework of corporate social responsibility on financial performance. The research is developed using deductive reasoning and statistical research methods, and the hypothesis is tested through correlation regression analysis. Secondary data is used in the study. The values of the correlation coefficient confirmed that the performance of CSR by the banks has a positive impact on their financial ratios: return on equity (ROE) and return on assets (ROA). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article "Chinese and US Digital Platforms: Exploring Key Differences in Strategies" by Xiaoquan (Michael) Zhang from the NIM Marketing Intelligence Review discusses how Chinese and US digital platforms differ in their strategies due to cultural, regulatory, and market forces. Chinese platforms, like WeChat, focus on creating integrated ecosystems with a wide array of services, while US platforms, like Meta and X, maintain more focused identities. Understanding these strategic differences is crucial for businesses and policymakers to navigate the global digital landscape effectively. [Extracted from the article]

The government‐initiated campaign for targeted poverty alleviation (TPA) not only affords corporations an opportunity to extend their presence into underdeveloped regions but also imposes a consequential burden upon them to contribute to ameliorating poverty. Firms' motivations in this endeavor are intricately linked to the alignment of their business strategies with the TPA activities. We posit that firms adopting a cost leadership approach are inclined to actively partake in poverty alleviation, due to a congruence between their strategic positioning and the activities intrinsic to poverty alleviation. And firms embracing a differentiation strategy are impelled by extrinsic pressures to engage in poverty alleviation, as they face heightened societal expectations regarding their involvement in such altruistic endeavors. Drawing from a dataset comprising Chinese listed firms from 2017 to 2020, our empirical findings bring to light a significant correlation between both cost leadership and differentiation strategies and firms' contributions to the TPA campaign. And, the impact of a cost leadership strategy on firms' involvement in poverty alleviation activities surpasses that of a differentiation strategy. This influence is further accentuated for firms contending with rivals pursuing a differentiated approach in the competitive landscape, which may block their way moving upmarket. Moreover, the nexus between a differentiation strategy and a firm's participation in poverty alleviation gains more strength where local government intervention in the economy is more pronounced. This study delves into the nuanced motivations that underpin firms' participation in the TPA campaign within the framework of business strategies, offering insights for both policymakers and business practitioners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the evolving global business environment, corporate social responsibility (CSR) has transitioned from being a philanthropic effort to a critical strategic necessity, particularly within Asian economies. Despite the increasing importance of CSR, the literature examining its application and impact in Asia remains both sparse and fragmented. This study addresses this gap by conducting a systematic literature review (SLR) of 79 scholarly articles, adhering to PRISMA guidelines, to ensure a comprehensive and replicable analysis of CSR practices within Asian corporate entities. The review uncovers key themes related to the integration of CSR into corporate governance structures, including the emphasis on renewable energy, ethical business conduct, employee engagement, and data privacy, while highlighting the distinct challenges and opportunities faced by Asian companies given their unique cultural, social, and regulatory landscapes. The findings indicate that although Asian firms are increasingly incorporating CSR into their strategies, there is a significant need for more robust evaluation frameworks, particularly concerning biodiversity, deforestation, and collaboration with conservation organizations. Looking ahead, the study emphasizes the importance of prioritizing renewable energy as a critical environmental focus across Asia, especially given the region's rapid urbanization and industrial growth. The transition to renewable energy sources is not only vital for mitigating environmental impacts and combating climate change but also presents long-term economic benefits. Additionally, the study identifies a substantial growth in digital adoption across various sectors in Asia, underscoring the need for stronger cybersecurity measures to protect emerging digital infrastructures. Culturally and socially, many Asian countries show a natural inclination towards sustainability, which can be leveraged to foster greater acceptance and integration of renewable energy at the grassroots level. Furthermore, the study advocates for enhanced collaboration within Asia and on a global scale to facilitate knowledge transfer, share best practices, and achieve economies of scale in renewable energy projects. Such joint efforts could accelerate the transition to sustainable energy and help overcome challenges related to technology, finance, and policymaking. These insights are essential for both scholars and practitioners aiming to align CSR practices with global sustainability goals, thereby fostering responsible corporate behaviour across diverse sectors in Asia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to describe and analyze the correlation of the SDGs components related to business strategy and performance of SMEs. Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) were conceptually used as basic variables in improving the business performance of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in order to reduce poverty alleviation. The type of this research is explanatory research. The number of samples in this study were 170 respondents of SMEs determined by structural equation model (SEM) as the method of analyzing data, which is operated by AMOS. The population is 295 SMEs. The result of this study shows that the greatest influence of performance of SMEs was business operational strategy of 6,365, and the smallest effect was on SDGs economic indicators to business operational strategy of 1,022. In this case, it can be stated that the sustainable development goals (SDGs) have a significant influence on the business operational strategy and business performance of SMEs. For small and medium entrepreneurs in Yogyakarta, seeing SDGs as a development goal will affect their operational business strategy, especially related to economic variables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose:In the available literature, we can find research on how to conduct an assessment of an organization's Corporate Education, but not of the Corporate University. Therefore, in our research we propose a methodology to evaluate the organizational management of Corporate Universities. Design/methodology/approach: This research is descriptive and uses the multicriteria analysis method as basis. Specifically, we use the Multi-Attribute Global Inference of Quality (Magiq) methodology for the definition of weights, to measure the importance of factors and sub-factors that determine the organizational evaluation of Corporate Universities. Findings: The resulting methodology contemplates six factors and 18 sub-factors. The six factors in descending order of weights are: Strategic Management, Organizational Learning, Process, Performance, Institutional and Market. Research limitations/implications - The fact that our research is based on the knowledge of Brazilian experts, it infers the use of this methodology only for the case Brazil, which can be seen as a limitation of this research. Practical implications - The leaders of Corporate Universities will henceforth be able to mirror and look for greater performance to achieve their goals. Originality/value: Our research intends to contribute to reduce the gap either in theory and practice of how to evaluate Corporate Universities. From there, we hope to make possible to compare them, to create rankings and to establish awards, since the existing literature provides criteria on how to evaluate Corporate Education, but not Corporate Universities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Numerous authors and researchers state that the transition from Industry 4.0 to Industry 5.0 is practically a transformation from digital manufacturing to a digital society with the convergence of science and technologies in Society 5.0, moving from technology to society. Changes are noticeable in the field of quality, and it is realistic to expect a transition from Quality 4.0 to Quality 5.0, which involves a significant shift in focus and approach. This research aims to answer several questions: 1) to clearly understand the current situation and learn lessons from the implementation, successes, and drawbacks of Quality 4.0; 2) to discuss the vision, mission, trends, and challenges in transitioning to Quality 5.0; 3) to define models for the development, implementation, and integration of Quality 5.0, covering important variables such as development strategy, digitalization strategy, level of investment, level of business excellence, competitiveness level, and knowledge level. In this manuscript, we will provide an analysis and insights from a literature review of published manuscripts in this field, insights from industry solutions, as well as results from recent research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study aims to investigate the impact of companies' business strategies on financial reporting quality taking into account the effect of managers' overconfidence. The data of 140 companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange for ten years, from 2013 to 2022, were collected based on the systematic deletion model, and hypotheses were tested using multivariate linear regression. The results revealed the type of strategy chosen by companies significantly affects the quality of financial reporting. Companies that pursue aggressive strategies demonstrate better financial reporting quality compared with defensive companies, which aligns with previous research results. Bermpei (2021) showed that companies' operating policies significantly impact financial reporting. The results also revealed that managerial overconfidence has a significant adverse effect on financial reporting quality; it reduces the significant impact of business strategy on the quality of financial reporting. In companies with overconfident managers, the significant impact of business strategy on the financial reporting quality is decreased. The findings provide valuable insight into the importance of selecting an appropriate business strategy for enhancing companies' financial reporting quality, which should be considered by professional authorities to strengthen the quality of financial reporting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many countries have initiated specific regions dedicated to Green Finance to enhance environmental sustainability. This paper examines the influence of these zones on corporate greenwashing practices, using data from Chinese listed companies. Greenwashing is assessed by comparing corporate environmental, social, and governance disclosures against their actual performance in these areas. We find that the establishment of Green Finance Pilot Zones, which means experimental zones, significantly increases greenwashing behavior. These zones reduce actual performance in environmental, social, and governance aspects without altering disclosure practices. Additionally, the impact of these zones on greenwashing is more pronounced in companies with higher debt ratios and when environmental subsidies expire, indicating that financial incentives drive greenwashing. Conversely, stricter government regulations can mitigate this negative effect. The detrimental impact of these zones is notably observed in non-state-owned enterprises, non-heavy polluting companies, and industries with lower market concentration. The findings provide a foundation for further international studies and collaboration in the pursuit of global environmental sustainability, aiding the design and implementation of more robust and transparent Green Finance programs that can be adapted to various economic contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study thoroughly investigates the role of sustainable business models in enhancing environmental sustainability in leading manufacturing companies. Guided by the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), we empirically analyse the integration of sustainability goals into corporate strategies. This study identifies sustainable business models based on an analysis of the sustainability reports published on the website, examining the strategies and action plans declared by 30 companies that are leaders in the sustainability industry, according to their Dow Jones Sustainability Index World (DJSI World) and S&P Global ESG Scores. The strategies considered are aligned with the following specific sustainability development goals: 6 (water security); 7 (renewable energy); 12 (responsible consumption and production); and 13 (climate action). The dataset contains several variables, each reflecting a particular facet of a company's environmental sustainability, as follows: energy consumption; greenhouse gas emissions; waste management strategies; and water conservation initiatives. We use a multidimensional data analysis technique called multiple correspondence analysis (MCA). After using MCA, we use a hierarchical clustering algorithm with the aim of classifying the different companies. Our findings underscore the presence of seven clusters of companies. Compared to the well-established literature on the topic of sustainable business, the innovative contribution of this study is linked to the identification of reaction time as a strategic variable explaining the different sustainable business models. The study makes it clear that the different business models are linked to reaction time to strategic alignment with environmental objectives. The country in which the company is based is also important. This study provides practical insights for companies aiming to align their practices with SDGs. In fact, the time variable provides important information in this regard and makes it possible to identify different approaches to sustainability as well as strong and weak sustainable business models; the former are characterised by a medium long-term strategic orientation towards environmental sustainability, which can be interpreted as the desire to undertake more solid and structured environmental sustainability strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the influence of business strategy on green total factor productivity (GTFP), focusing on the mediating effect of digital transformation and the moderating effect of organizational legitimacy. Leveraging micro-data from China’s listed industrial enterprises spanning from 2011 to 2021, findings reveal: (1) Prospector strategies exhibit a greater propensity to enhance GTFP compared to defender strategies. (2) Digital transformation partially mediates between business strategy and GTFP. (3) Organizational legitimacy moderates between business strategy and GTFP. Specifically, when a company possesses robust financial standing (pragmatic legitimacy), a better environmental track record (moral legitimacy), and establishment of Environmental Management System certification (cognitive legitimacy), the positive relationship between business strategy and GTFP is strengthened. (4) Further research indicates that business strategy exerts a more pronounced effect on enhancing GTFP for companies with larger scales and weaker political connections, as well as those situated in regions characterized by high fiscal revenue and favorable legal environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Business strategy literature argues that firm survival and growth in any competitive environment depend on the adaptation of suitable competitive business strategies. Despite the growing interest in strategic management within the fish farming industry, there is a notable lack of empirical evidence exploring how the competitive environment influences companies’ business strategy and performance. This paper examines the direct effect of competitive strategy and the moderating effect of competitive intensity on business strategy-performance relationship. Using hierarchical regression to analyze 306 samples gathered from fish farming firms of south-Benin, empirical evidence shows that competitive strategy including cost-leadership, and both product quality and marketing differentiation strategies impact positively firm financial performance. This research highlights the relative importance of product quality differentiation strategy. In addition, findings indicate that competitive intensity structure contribute to firm success. Surprisingly, findings show that competitive intensity does not significantly moderate the effect of cost-leadership and product differentiation strategies. Besides, the effect of marketing strategy on firm performance becomes more negative under high competition in the domestic market. Study recommends that firms should gain organizational economic outcomes by pursuing cost-leadership strategy and product differentiation strategy whatever competitive intensity states in the domestic market of fish farming. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The primary objective of this research is to analyze the current business situation of Esteh Indonesia's Franchise Model, identify factors affecting its sustainability, and develop a new business strategy for sustainable growth. The conceptual framework is based on Rothaermel's AFI Framework, incorporating a comprehensive analysis of the 7P Marketing Mix, industry analysis using PESTEL and Porter’s Five Forces, and core competency evaluation through the VRIO framework. The literature review highlights key theoretical foundations, including franchising strategies, critical success factors, franchising relationship models, and the concept of Blitzscaling. The research method utilized a mixed-method approach, collecting qualitative data through one-on-one in-depth interviews with ten franchisees selected via convenience sampling revealed operational and market challenges and quantitative data through an online questionnaire administered to 200 customers. provided insights into purchasing behavior and brand perception. The qualitative data was analyzed using thematic content analysis to identify patterns and insights, while the quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive statistical analysis and Likert scales to measure customer perceptions and behaviors. To achieve sustainable growth, Esteh Indonesia should adopt a multifaceted strategy leveraging strengths, addressing weaknesses, capitalizing on opportunities, and mitigating threats. Focusing on a differentiation strategy based on the Porter’s Generic Strategy, emphasizing market penetration and product development based on the Ansoff Matrix, and utilizing the BCG Growth-Share Matrix to identify and replicate high-performing outlets, providing enhanced franchisee support, and upgrading to the 'Esteh 2.0' model will boost sales and brand equity, driving sustainable growth and solidifying Esteh Indonesia's market leadership. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Decision-making in consulting firms is a crucial process that has impacted their competitiveness in a dynamic environment. These organizations must adapt to the growing demand for specialized services and confront various operational challenges. Therefore, this study has focused on analyzing the key factors that affect decision-making in achieving business success by maximizing resources and competitiveness at CONAS, a Cuban consulting firm. Using the neutrosophic VIKOR method as a multicriteria tool, 11 key factors were evaluated to establish causal relationships among the variables. The results revealed that competent personnel, international recognition, and effective management are determinants for enhancing the adaptation and prosperity of consulting firms. In conclusion, understanding and applying these factors facilitate organizational success by optimizing resources and improving competitiveness. Furthermore, it is suggested to investigate how digital transformation and sustainability influence decision-making, as well as to conduct comparative studies with other consulting firms in the region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the world and medical branches are affected too. This article shows otolaryngology (otlogy) management as patient care in the outpatient (OP) remote setting by the implementation of a business strategy using telemedicine (TME). The research explains how the applications of management strategies in TME for otlogy can reduce medical expenses and also offering profits to the medical practitioners. This article suggests the advantages of TME for (otlogy) related health risks and advises health centers to implement the business strategy of TME which can provide services using remote Information Communications Technology (ICT) to evade exposure risks to healthcare (HCR) providers, patients, and the general community. The realization of TME, or virtual services, can help the otolaryngologists to provide needed care to patients amid COVID-19 pandemic. This research illustrates the challenges in the application of TME and benefits to the patients as well as for the medical professionals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In today's globalized world, the transliteration of Chinese culturally loaded terms (CCLTs) into English through Romanization has emerged as a significant area of study. This paper delves into the evolving dynamics of language representation, cultural exchange, and cross-cultural communication within the context of China's expanding cultural and economic influence. It explores the reception, perception, and acceptance of Romanized CCLT in English-speaking societies and examines how these terms reshape communication. The study addresses a notable gap in understanding the implications of Romanization on cultural identity and language representation. By focusing on specific instances like "bu zheteng" and "jiaozi," this research provides valuable insights into their reception and impact in English-speaking contexts. The theoretical implications of Romanization highlight the adaptability of languages and their capacity to evolve through cultural exchanges. It underscores the dynamic nature of language and the importance of sound and structure in conveying meaning. From a managerial perspective, businesses and organizations engaging with Chinese markets can leverage Romanization for brand recognition and clarity in communication. This research contributes to the evolving discourse on language dynamics, cross-cultural communication, and cultural identity, offering valuable insights into the field of linguistics and cultural studies. As Romanization continues to play a pivotal role in representing CCLT in the contemporary world, its study becomes increasingly relevant in our interconnected society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the Paris Agreement in 2015, climate change has become an important global issue, prompting companies to adopt sustainable practices. PT United Tractors Tbk (UT), which relies heavily on coal, faces challenges due to the declining coal market and increasing emphasis on Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) principles. This research explores UT's strategic transition to diversify into the minerals and renewable energy sectors and assesses the potential of Sustainability Linked Loans (SLL) to support this transition. The research aims to evaluate UT's readiness to implement SLL by examining its business strategy, ESG initiatives, and financial performance. A qualitative approach was used, involving semi-structured interviews with UT management and analysis of annual reports. Findings show that UT is committed to achieving a 50-50 revenue balance between coal and noncoal businesses by 2030. SLL offers a viable funding solution, providing financial flexibility and incentivizing ESG improvements through interest rate discounts. The study concludes that UT's strong commitment to sustainability and proactive management puts it in a good position to obtain SLL, enhancing its ability to balance its portfolio and achieve long-term sustainability. Recommendations include improving ESG measurement systems, securing SLL agreements, and continuously monitoring ESG achievements to maximize benefits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is inevitable that the growth of the oil and gas industry becomes one of the most significant causes of environmental pollution. The increasing number of oil and gas exploration and production company and companies focusing in conservation of natural and environmental resources will inevitably become a dilemma that will be faced considering the potential impact of such activities. It is important for a private oil spill response company in Indonesia to understand market dynamics, comply with regulations, manage risks, and build a strategic position for a long-term success. This research is part of the type or type of qualitative research that is analytically descriptive in order to provide a complete picture of the occurrence or event being studied and to analyze how the variables being investigated relate to each other. Analyzing the external environment that affecting private oil spill response company in Indonesia improves the organization's capacity to mitigate risks, adjust to technological advancements, and preserve a competitive advantage. It also enables the company to maintain a higher level of customer and stakeholder engagement that essential to deliver effective and efficient services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]