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Pourquoi les adolescents s'engagent-ils dans des comportements de consommation immoraux, comme changer un prix ou mentir pour obtenir une remise ? S'appuyant sur la théorie du besoin d'appartenance sociale, une étude sur 1326 adolescents de 16 à 24 ans, brésiliens, chinois, américains, et français, démontre la coexistence de deux relations contraires entre l'appartenance au groupe de pairs et le jugement de comportements de consommation immoraux : une relation directe où les adolescents se sentant les plus intégrés sont ceux dont le jugement est le plus sévère, mais aussi une relation indirecte, où l'appartenance sociale augmente l'auto-efficacité créative, qui rend à son tour plus indulgent vis-à-vis des comportements immoraux. Le poids respectif des chemins directs et indirects varie avec la culture nationale, ici le pays de résidence et la valeur d'individualisme/collectivisme. Au Brésil et en Chine, de culture collectiviste, le chemin direct domine. Aux Etats-Unis et en France, plus individualistes, le chemin est indirect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the relationship between social anxiety and satisfaction of needs for autonomy, competence and relatedness in obese adolescents. Literature review reports that obese children and adolescents have higher social anxiety that their normal weight peers. But relations between obesity and social anxiety are not clear. We explore the relationship between social anxiety and satisfaction of needs for autonomy, competence and relatedness, three basic psychological needs advanced by Self-Determination Theory (SDT). SDT predicts that satisfaction of these needs should result in well-being and mental health. Thereby, a low satisfaction of the needs for autonomy, competence and relatedness is associated with psychopathology. These psychological needs are not yet explored in obese adolescents. We expect that obese adolescents have higher social anxiety and lower satisfaction of the needs for autonomy, competence and relatedness as compared to controls. Furthermore, high social anxiety could be associated with low satisfaction of these needs. Methods: The study sample consists of a clinical group of 17 obese adolescents and a control group of 67 normal weight adolescents. They completed self-report questionnaires. Social anxiety was assessed with the Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale (FNE). Satisfaction of the needs for autonomy, competence and relatedness was measured with the Perceived Autonomy in Life Domains Scale (PALDS), the Perception of Competence in Life Domains Scale (PCLDS) and the Interpersonal Relationship Quality Scale (EQRI). Results: Obese adolescents have significantly lower satisfaction of needs for autonomy and competence in leisure domain as compared to controls. Social anxiety is negatively correlated with satisfaction of needs for autonomy and competence in interpersonal relationships domain, general competence and relatedness with friends. Conclusions: Physical complications in obese adolescents could explain dissatisfaction of needs for autonomy and competence in leisure domain. This assumption could be explored in future research. Results should improve treatment of obese adolescents. Consistent with SDT, satisfaction of the needs for autonomy, competence and relatedness is linked with social anxiety. Impairment of satisfaction of these needs could contribute to understanding the social anxiety in adolescents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]