Search

The superior cerebellar artery (SCA) is a vessel anterior to the brainstem, usually originating from the basilar artery (BA). In this case, a different course of left SCA in a 74-year-old male cadaver was reported. The origin of the SCA was found to be a unilateral double root at the left side on the anterior surface of the pons. The distances of the starting points of roots to the bifurcation of BA were 31.09 mm on the right side, on the left side the rostral root was 33.84 mm and the caudal root was 30.95 mm. The diameter of the right SCA was 2.37 mm, the left rostral root was 2.05 mm and the caudal root was 1.24 mm. Knowing the course of SCA, and especially morphological variations, will be helpful for the clinical branches in preventing complications during surgical operations, evaluating angiographic examinations, and diagnosing and treating neurovascular diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Agriculture & Nature / Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım & Doğa Dergisi is the property of Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Universitesi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: The aim of the study is to classify the superficial veins of the anterior region of the forearm (regio antebrachii anterior) in healthy individuals aged 18 to 68 years, and to gather data on the anastomotic patterns and course of these veins. Materials and Methods: In this study, conducted at Firat University Hospital, a total of 400 arms from individuals aged 18 to 68 years were examined using the Accuvein AV300 vein imaging device. Among them, 100 were male and 100 were female. The superficial veins including v. cephalica, v. basilica, and v. mediana antebrachii originating from the palmar manus were classified based on their course and anastomotic patterns in the regio antebrachii anterior. Results: In the study, the distribution of superficial vein types in the regio antebrachii anterior was compared based on gender and symmetry between the right and left arms. The comparison revealed statistically significant differences between the right and left arms in the classification of v. cephalica and v. basilica veins, while no significant difference was found for v. mediana antebrachii. Conclusion: As a result of the data obtained, the study conducted; We anticipate that it will provide information about the course and anastomoses of the veins in this region, which is difficult to dissect.

Purpose: We aimed to evaluate the effect of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection on adrenal gland morphometry according to age, gender, body weight, survival status and CD4/CD8 parameters. Materials and Methods: In this study, the CT archives (130 men and 30 women) of 160 people living with HIV infection who had imaging for any reason between 2008 and 2020 were scanned. Ages, years of follow-up, body weights, heights, CD4 and CD8 values of people with human immunodeficiency virus were obtained simultaneously with the CT examinations of the people. Anatomical measurements, adrenal gland shapes, length, corpus thickness, medial thickness, lateral thickness, distance to next anatomical structures (esophagus, vertebral column, vena cava inferior, aorta abdominalis and diaphragm) were evaluated. Results: In our study, the average age was 40.29±13.19 (male: 39.78±12.50, female: 42.53±15.88), body weight and height were respectively 67.04±18.10 kg 157.92±6.21 cm in women and 77.06±12.93 kg, 171.67±8.97 cm in men, living with HIV infection were included. As anatomical measurements, the length, corpus thickness, medial crus thickness, lateral crus thickness, distance to the esophagus, columna vertebralis, vena cava inferior, aorta abdominalis and diaphragm of the adrenal gland were found respectively on the right; 4.77±1.70 cm, 3.59±1.23 mm, 2.76±0.83 mm, 2.79±0.87 mm, 3.21±1.21 cm, 1.45±0.85 cm, 0.92±0.57 cm, 2.41±0.65 cm, 1.57±0.84 cm and on the left; 5.78±2.8 cm, 3.77±1.43 mm, 3.38±1.17 mm, 2.92±1.06 mm, 3.10±1.26 cm, 2.11±0.7 cm, 4.10±0.83 cm, 0.90±0.45 cm, 1.21±0.73 cm. The most common adrenal gland type was recorded as Y. Additionally, the mean values of CD4 and CD8 were found to be 322.66±309.35 and 1024.48±930.15, respectively. Conclusion: Some anatomical measurements of the adrenal gland of people living with HIV can be affected by age, gender, body weight, survival status and CD4/CD8 parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Agriculture & Nature / Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım & Doğa Dergisi is the property of Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Universitesi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Artvin Çoruh Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Artvin Coruh University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Hamidiye Medical Journal is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ege Journal of Medicine is the property of Ege University, Faculty of Medicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ege Journal of Medicine is the property of Ege University, Faculty of Medicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Aim: The greater palatine canal connects to the oral cavity through the greater palatine foramen. Preoperatively identifying the morphology of the greater palatine canal and greater palatine foramen is very important to avoid possible complications during surgery. This study aimed to evaluate the greater palatine canal and surrounding anatomical structures using computed tomography. Material and Methods: Images from 100 patients (35 female and 65 male) who had previously undergone computed tomography for various reasons were evaluated. The study data were divided into three age groups, 60 years. Morphological parameters measured in this study included; diameter measurement from the widest part of the canal, length of the canal, beginning diameter of the canal, the ends diameter of the canal, localization of the canal entrance with respect to the third molar tooth, distance of the canal entrance to palatine suture. The values obtained from the measurements were compared in terms of age group, gender, and side. Results: The mean length of the canalis palatinus major was 15.19±4.38 mm. The diameter of the widest part of the canal and the end of the canal, and the distance between the canal entrance and the sutura palatina increased with age, but these increases were not statistically significant. Conclusion: Proper administration of anesthesia through the greater palatine foramen in maxillofacial surgeries and related applications requires a detailed understanding of the anatomy of the greater palatine canal, and the results of the present study will contribute to the understanding of this anatomy.

Aim: Supratrochlear foramen (STF) is the variation of the distal part of the humerus. The aim of this study is to reveal the frequency, morphology and morphometry of the STF in Turkish population and emphasize the importance of knowing the presence of the STF in intramedullary nailing for supracondylar fractures for orthopedists and distinguishing it from an osteolytic and cystic lesion for radiologists. Materials and Methods: This study was performed with 116 dry humeri (61 right, 55 left). The translucent and opaque bony lamina between the coronoid fossa and the olecranon fossa and STF on the humerus were noted. STF was classified as oval, round, irregular, triangular, rectangular, sieve like, reniform, hourglass shaped. The frequency and morphometry of the STF were also evaluated. Results: The translucent type 88 (75.9%) bony lamina was found mostly between the coronoid and olecranon fossa. STF was detected on 19 (16.4%) humeri, 13 of them were on the left humeri and 6 of them were on the right humeri. The shape of the 16 of 19 STF were oval shaped. The mean values of the transverse and vertical diameter of STF, distance between the most medial points of the STF and medial epicondyle, the most lateral points of the STF and lateral epicondyle, distance between the most distal point of the STF and the lower edge of the trochlea humeri were found as 4.41±2.34 mm, 3.1±0.85 mm, 26.65±3.82 mm, 27.94±3.34 mm, 14.62±1.9 mm respectively. Conclusion: There are few studies on STF in Turkish population and we believe that this clinically important variation will contribute to anatomists, especially radiologists and orthopedists in terms of awareness and knowing the frequency, morphology and morphometry of STF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research is the property of Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Aim: The greater palatine canal connects to the oral cavity through the greater palatine foramen. Preoperatively identifying the morphology of the greater palatine canal and greater palatine foramen is very important to avoid possible complications during surgery. This study aimed to evaluate the greater palatine canal and surrounding anatomical structures using computed tomography. Material and Methods: Images from 100 patients (35 female and 65 male) who had previously undergone computed tomography for various reasons were evaluated. The study data were divided into three age groups, <20 years, 20-60 years, and >60 years. Morphological parameters measured in this study included; diameter measurement from the widest part of the canal, length of the canal, beginning diameter of the canal, the ends diameter of the canal, localization of the canal entrance with respect to the third molar tooth, distance of the canal entrance to palatine suture. The values obtained from the measurements were compared in terms of age group, gender, and side. Results: The mean length of the canalis palatinus major was 15.19±4.38 mm. The diameter of the widest part of the canal and the end of the canal, and the distance between the canal entrance and the sutura palatina increased with age, but these increases were not statistically significant. Conclusion: Proper administration of anesthesia through the greater palatine foramen in maxillofacial surgeries and related applications requires a detailed understanding of the anatomy of the greater palatine canal, and the results of the present study will contribute to the understanding of this anatomy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study the larynx, trachea, and lungs of one 1.5-year-old adult female lynx (Lynx lynx) were examined. The macro anatomical and histological structure of the larynx cartilages, trachea, and lungs were tried to be revealed by dissection and measurements. It was determined that the trachea had 48 cartilage rings (cartilago trachealis) up to the bifurcatio trachealis, the diameters of which narrow as they approach the lungs. The total tracheal length was 172.36 mm. It was seen that the cross-section of the lynx trachea resembled a circle. The hyaline cartilage structure surrounding the trachea was determined. A muscle structure called musculus transversus trachea, which closes the open ends of this cartilage and surrounds the cartilage from the outside, was detected. It was determined that the trachea consisted of tunica mucosa, submucosa, and tunica adventitia layers. The pulmo sinister in the lynx lung consisted of two main lobes, lobus cranialis, and lobus caudalis. Lobus cranialis was also divided among itself as pars cranialis and pars caudalis. Pulmo dexter was divided into four main lobes as lobus cranialis, lobus medius, lobus caudalis, and lobus accessorius. It was determined that there was connective tissue capsule surrounding the lung, respiratory bronchioles, alveoli, intraalveolar septum, and abundant blood vessels. In intraalveolar septum; capillaries, erythrocytes were determined. Type I and type II pneumocytes were seen covering the alveolar surface. In addition, it was determined that there were macrophages in the alveolar sacs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In this study, the purpose was to obtain normal anthropometric data of the nose, and to determine the changes in age and gender. Materials and Methods: For this purpose, the nose anthropometric measurements were made with a caliper in 874 healthy individuals who were between the ages of 5 and 64, and the nose types were determined for adults. The individuals were divided into 8 groups as 5-7, 8-9, 10-11, 12-13, 14-15, 16-17, 18-40, and 41-64-year-old. The nasal length, nasal height, morphological nasal width, anatomical nasal width, nasal root width, nasal depth, lengths, nostril widths, face width, and face heights of the individuals were measured; and the external nasal surface area, nasal volume, nasal index, nasofacial index, and nose-face width index were calculated. According to Martin and Sallar, the types of noses were classified in adults. The SPSS 20.0 Program was used for the statistical analysis of the data. Results: The most common type of nose was determined to be Mesorrhine. Statistically significant differences were detected between the genders in all measurements except nasal depth. Statistically significant differences were detected in all groups in terms of all length and height measurements, morphological and anatomical nasal width values, external nasal surface areas, and nasal volume and indices. Conclusions: It is expected that detailed data about age-sex-related nose morphometry in our study will contribute to the creation of a database of our population. It is thought that these detailed data will be helpful in the determination of age and gender in forensic medicine, the reconstruction studies in anthropology, and the treatment plan and post-surgery evaluation to surgeons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Hamidiye Medical Journal is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Online Turkish Journal of Health Sciences (OTJHS) / Online Türk Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Oguz KARABAY and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: The orbit is an important cavity containing vision-related formations and important neurovascular structures, and adjacent to various regions. This study aimed to evaluation, by multidedector computed tomography (MDCT) images, the morphometry of orbit by examining its changes according to gender and body side, and developments according to age, in Turkish population. Materials and Methods: A total of 200 individuals’s (94 females,106 males;400 sides) MDCT images were evaluated. Images were examined according to the gender, body side, and the anatomical structures development. Results: The height, width and depth of the orbit were determined as 36.04±2.97 mm, 32.33±2.59 mm, 38.35±3.32 mm on the right side, 35.79±3.18 mm, 32.29±2.67 mm, 38.13±3.21 mm on the left side, respectively, in healthy subjects. The height and width of the orbit were found to be statistically significantly larger on both sides in men than in women (p˂0.05). Conclusion: Comprehensive information about the orbit and associated apertures is quite important for clinicians working in this area, damage to these structures can cause serious complications. In addition, determining the morphometry of the orbit can be used as an important parameter for determining gender, age and race in forensic medicine.

Background: Structure most affected by the clinical deformities associated with lower extremity is the first metatarsal bone which may cause orthopedic problems and chronic pain on foot, because approximately 80% of the load from the talus and calcaneus is transmitted to the ground via medial arch. Materials and Methods: Our study was performed on lower extremities of 32 adult patients without any foot deformity, which were amputated due to circulation failure in the Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology. Firstly, tibia length, foot length and foot width were measured. Subsequently, the dimensions and length of first metatarsus as well as proximal and distal articular surface dimensions of the first metatarsus were measured. Results: The average values were as follows: tibia length: 35.9 cm, foot length:22.7cm, foot width: 8 cm, length of first metatarsus: 5.8 cm. Statistical significance was found among the dimensions of proximal end, dimensions of distal head and the thinnest site of the bone (p=0.01). Conclusions: Various external deforming forces cause variations in the medial longitudinal arch and lead foot pain. The length, shape of the head as well as the dimensions of the proximal and distal joint surfaces of the first metatarsal bone are important factors in the development of foot deformities. Since peroneus longus and tibialis anterior muscles insert onto the first metatarsal bone, the forces exerted by their tendons affect morphology of the bone. Therefore, dimensions of these muscles and their tendons in relation with the dimensions of first metatarsal bone are essential in the prevention and treatment of foot deformities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Turkish Journal of Trauma & Emergency Surgery / Ulusal Travma ve Acil Cerrahi Dergisi is the property of KARE Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: The aim of this study was to reveal descriptive data about postgraduate theses on anatomy and to determine their general trends. Material and Methods: Between the years 2016-2020 National Thesis Center of basic medical sciences, published in the department of anatomy thesis full text of 390; each of the thesis, name, type, year of publication, systematic and topographical anatomy class, study design, keywords, the situation of receiving budget support, the academic advisor, the title, the author's gender, bachelor degree and the publication of a thesis at the University of recorded and investigated. Frequency and percentage values were used for descriptive statistics and categorical variables. Results: Of the thesis, 237 (60.8%) were written by women, 242 (62.1%) were master's theses, 254 (65.1%) thesis advisor were professor, 113 (29%) received budget support, and 169 (43.3%) used radiological methods. The bachelor degree of the thesis authors was ranked as physiotherapy and rehabilitation (n=167, 42.8%), biology (n=64, 16.4%), nursing (n=58, 14.9%) and medicine (n=57, 14.6%). Of the thesis, 126 (32.3%) were from the head region and 174 (44.9%) were from the movement system. The most used keywords; computed tomography (n=58), morphometry (n=41), anthropometry (n=30), anatomy (n=27) and magnetic resonance imaging (n=25) were detected. Conclusion: In this study, bibliometric data about theses on anatomy were invastigated and a wide range of information was presented to the researchers in anatomy field. In recent years, it has been seen that female researchers and physiotherapists have come to the fore in anatomy postgraduate education. It can be said that especially studies involving the movement and nervous system or the head, lower and upper extremities attract the attention of researchers. In addition, radiological, experimental animal and anthropometric methods are frequently used in study designs. The result of the study is expected to shed light on anatomy graduate students, clinicians and researchers who carry out/will carry out their academic study.

Objective: Hypermobility is the excessive range of motion of joints, and related to various musculoskeletal and extra-articular problems that may significantly impair quality of life (QoL) by causing pain. The aim of the study is to examine the prevalence of hypermobility in young adults, and its relationship with pain in various regions of body and QoL. Methods: Two hundred and twenty five volunteers, aged between 17 and 23, were classified as subjects-with-hypermobility or subjectswithout- hypermobility according to the Beighton Criteria. Chronic pain was identified by using Nordic Pain Questionnaire, QoL was identified by Short Form-36 (SF-36) Questionnaire. Pain presence in 9 body regions and SF-36 scores were compared between groups using chi-square test and Independent Samples T-test, respectively. Results: Of the participants, 164 (64%) were female, 91 (36%) were male, 119 (46.7%) had hypermobility. Upper back was the body region with the highest pain prevalence where 79% of hypermobile and 74% of non-hypermobile subjects reported pain at least once in past 12 months. Pain prevalence in body regions did not differ between groups (p>0.05). In terms of QoL, physical and mental component scores of SF-36, as well as all subgroup scores except social function were significantly lower in hypermobile subjects (p<0.05). Conclusion: Pain prevalence in different body regions did not differ between subjects with and without hypermobility whereas the QoL was significantly impaired in hypermobile subjects. Hypermobility is a substantial anatomical finding in young adults that should not be disregarded. Education, emotional support and encouraging about strengthening and proprioception exercises may contribute to their quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The orbit is an important cavity containing vision-related formations and important neurovascular structures, and adjacent to various regions. This study aimed to evaluation, by multidedector computed tomography (MDCT) images, the morphometry of orbit by examining its changes according to gender and body side, and developments according to age, in Turkish population. Materials and Methods: A total of 200 individuals's (94 females,106 males;400 sides) MDCT images were evaluated. Images were examined according to the gender, body side, and the anatomical structures development. Results: The height, width and depth of the orbit were determined as 36.04±2.97 mm, 32.33±2.59 mm, 38.35±3.32 mm on the right side, 35.79±3.18 mm, 32.29±2.67 mm, 38.13±3.21 mm on the left side, respectively, in healthy subjects. The height and width of the orbit were found to be statistically significantly larger on both sides in men than in women (p = 0.05). Conclusion: Comprehensive information about the orbit and associated apertures is quite important for clinicians working in this area, damage to these structures can cause serious complications. In addition, determining the morphometry of the orbit can be used as an important parameter for determining gender, age and race in forensic medicine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are not many articles about the anatomical knowledge of the variable conditions of the sole of the foot, but normally knowledge of this area is essential for surgeries such as reconstructive or peripheral nerve compression syndrome. In this region, medial plantar nerve (nervus plantaris medialis) innervates the abductor and flexor muscles of the thumb. In addition, there is a region where receives the skin sensation in the foot. When it is damaged or exposed to pressure by any muscle due to an abnormal course, it can’t stimulate the relevant muscles and the person may experience numbness and loss of muscle function on the sole of the foot. During a routine cadaver dissection, an abnormal course of nervus plantaris medialis was observed on the left side of a male cadaver. In this case, we presented the abnormal course of some branches of medial plantar nerve and discussed the clinical significance.

Copyright of European Oral Research is the property of Istanbul University, Faculty of Dentistry and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Aim: To investigate the frequency of anatomical variations on the sacroiliac joint (SIJ) and reveal their clinical importance by distinguishing the findings that mimic sacroiliitis in patients referred to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for low back pain. Material and Method: This retrospective study included all SIJ MRI examinations performed in our hospital with patients =18 and <65 years of age for 24 months. According to the Assessment of Spondyloarthritis International Society (ASAS) criteria, data collection consisted of the patients' age at the imaging time, gender, and the presence of active and chronic sacroiliitis. Lumbosacral transitional vertebra (LSTV) was classified according to the Castellvi classification system. Moreover, all images were assessed for the presence of major sacroiliac joint variations described in the literature. Structural and edematous changes were also noted. Results: 1020 MRI examinations were included, and SIJ variations were identified in 323 of them. The frequency order of anatomical variants of SIJs are as follows: 1) LSTV (114 patients, 12.2%), 2) Accessory sacroiliac joint (80 patients, 7.8%), 3) Iliosacral complex (66 patients, 6.4%), 4) Sacral defect (61 patients, 5.9%), and 5) Isolated synostosis (2 patients, 0.2%). Structural and edematous findings were frequently observed in LSTV and accessory SIJ. Conclusion: We conclude that the lumbosacral transition segments and various anatomical SIJ variations are common in the low back pain population, especially in women. Moreover, these variations may be associated with degenerative and edematous signal intensity changes that mimic sacroiliitis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Animal Health, Production & Hygiene is the property of Animal Health, Production & Hygiene and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Artvin Çoruh Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Artvin Coruh University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Agri: Journal of the Turkish Society of Algology / Türk Algoloji (Ağrı) Derneği'nin Yayın Organıdır is the property of KARE Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this study, the anatomical features of Ballota pseudodictamnus (L.) Benth. subsp. lycia Hub.-Mor. (Lamiaceae), endemic taxa from Turkey are examined and evaluated by light (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Different trichome types (glandular -including Lamiaceae type, capitate and peltate- and non-glandular trichomes) are observed. The densest trichome type is dendroid trichomes on the aerial part of the plant. The leaf is bifacial and amphistomatic. In the petiole, there are two collateral vascular bundles in the centre and one small vascular bundle in each corner. The prismatic crystals are present in the pith area of the stem. Results are compared with other studies in the literature. The anatomical characteristics of the stem, petiole, lamina and measurements are presented additionally trichome micromorphology is given for the first time.

Copyright of Adiyaman University Journal of Science & Technology / Adıyaman Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Adiyaman University, Institute of Science / Adiyaman Universitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitusu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Sammendrag Artikkelen fokuserer på relasjonen mellom spilleteknikk på fele og hardingfele i folkemusikken og intonasjon. Det argumenteres for at det fysiske rammeverket, inkludert anatomien i hånd og fingre, påvirker intonasjonspraksisen. Analyser av venstrehåndsbruken under utøvingen og tekniske målinger av intonasjon viser at fingrene tenderer til å bli satt ned der det er anatomisk fordelaktig, i stedet for å følge konvensjonelle intoneringsnormer, som den diatoniske skalaen. Videre argumenteres det for at et slikt «minst-mulig-motstand»-prinsipp over tid har vært en konstituerende faktor i utviklingen av normsystemet i sjangeren, hvor repertoaret i hovedsak er solistisk brukt, og hvor melodistoffet i liten grad er basert på funksjonsharmonikk.

Copyright of Journal of Agriculture & Nature / Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım & Doğa Dergisi is the property of Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Universitesi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Animal Health, Production & Hygiene is the property of Animal Health, Production & Hygiene and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Odontologica Turcica is the property of Acta Odontologica Turcica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Anadolu (1300-0225) is the property of Anadolu Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Mersin University School of Medicine Lokman Hekim Journal of History of Medicine & Folk Medicine is the property of Mersin University School of Medicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Bu çalışmada Sakarya ili Geyve, Taraklı, Akyazı ve Sapanca ilçelerinden toplanan beş Salvia L. türünün (S. verticillata L. subsp. amasiaca (Freyn amp; Bornm.) Bornm., S. tomentosa Mill., S. virgata Jacq., S. forskahlei L. ve S. sclarea L.) anatomik özellikleri karşılaştırılmalı olarak incelenmiştir. Kök, gövde, yaprak, yaprak sapı ve kaliks gibi organ ve kısımlarından alınan enine ve yüzeysel kesitlerle hücre ve tüy yapıları incelenmiştir. Hücre yapılarının türler arasında benzerlik gösterdiği, hücre sayılarında ve iletim demetlerinde ise bazı farklılıklar olduğu gözlenmiştir. Yapraklar amfistomatiktir. Basit yapılı örtü tüyleri ve kapitat salgı tüyleri çeşitlilik göstermektedir. Peltat salgı tüylerine S. verticillata subsp. amasiaca ile S. tomentosa türlerinde rastlanmıştır.

In this study, 10 Hasak sheep lungs from Konya Bahri Dağdaş International Agricultural Research Institute, Unit of Experimental Animals Unit were used. Corrosion casting technique were applied to the materials. The corrosion cured materials were stored in water for one night. It was then incubated at 37 ° C in a 20% KOH solution for 24 hours. Corrosion casting technique and latex injection materials were photographed and presented in the study. The lungs were found to be wrapped with pleura visceralis (pleura pulmonalis) in the cavum thoracis. It was determined that the right lung was consisted of lobe cranialis (pars cranialis and pars caudalis), lobus medius, lobus caudalis and lobus accessorius. The left lung was composed of lobe cranialis (pars cranialis and pars caudalis) and lobe caudal. In the bronchus that shaped these lobes, it was determined that tacheae gave bronchus lobaris cranialis dexter (bronchus trachealis) mean 48.53 mm before the bifurcatio trachea, and later on it was divided into bronchus pirincipalis dexter and sinister. In this study, anatomical features of broncho-pulmonary segmentation and similarities and differences with other species were revealed.

With this investigation, the anatomy of the bulbus oculi was studied in 12 Akkaraman sheep. The bulbus oculi's specific morphological features of this breed were introduced in the study. In the border of the cornea and sclera, the limbus cornea ended at the point where it entered under the sclera. In the eyes examined, the existence of the rima cornealis sclera was not observed. Based on the observations made, the center of the cornea was thinner in comparison with its periphery. In Akkaraman sheep, it was determined that the cornea did not reach back to the iris and that an angle did not exist between them. Therefore, it is suggested anatomically, to name this an "iridoscleral angle" instead of an "iridocorneal angle". The diameter of spaces forming the schlemm canal was measured between 40 µm-170 µm. It is hoped that the research findings will provide a source for a sheep model to improve diagnosis and treatment methods in eye diseases and vision problems and to aid in future anatomical and clinical research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Red fox is the largest of the true foxes and the most abundant wild member of the carnivora. This study aimed to determine the anatomical and histological structure of the ovary and salpinx of the Red foxes. The ovary and salpinx of four Red foxes of similar ages, which could not be rescued by the Center despite all interventions, were dissected. Measurements were taken from the right-left ovary and salpinx using digital callipers. The weights of each ovary and salpinx were measured using a precision scale (min: 0.0001 g, max: 220 g). The mean length of the ovary was 13.43 ± 2.38 mm, the width was 6.28 ± 1.99 mm, the thickness was 4.89 ± 0.18 mm, and weight was 0.93 ± 0.14 g. The mean length of the salpinx was 76.22 ± 3.02 mm, the width was 1.98 ± 0.07 mm, and the weight was 0.53 ± 0.31 g. Crossman's triple staining method was applied for histological examination of the ovary tissue. It was observed that the ovary was surrounded by germinative epithelium from the outside and consisted of the cortex with different follicles in the development stage, and the medulla layer with plenty of blood vessels and nerve plexuses inside. In conclusion, we believe that the findings of this study may be useful for further studies on foxes and surgical operations (ovariectomy, ovariohysterectomy). In addition, it is aimed to eliminate the insufficient information regarding the reproductive system of wild animals in this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Duzce University Journal of Science & Technology is the property of Duzce University Journal of Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

One of the competencies the students of the graduate medical education is to apply the basic principles of the science of biomedicine, epidemiology, clinical, and behavior in the practice of medicine. Anatomy is one of the biomedicine sciences learned in medical education, including learning about the body's structure and organ topography. This research aims to describe the organ's structure and topography knowledge among the faculty of medicine students. This survey with 88 students was conducted in a faculty of medicine in Bandung city from October to December 2018 using a random sampling method. Statistical analysis using frequency distribution, percentage proportions, and Wald's statistics in the 95% confidence interval. The instrument for validity analysis is Pearsons's correlation, and the instrument for reliability analysis is Kappa's percent agreement. The results showed the average level of knowledge on organ structure and topography. It shows anatomical teaching and learning about the organ's structure, and the topography still needs to be optimized. GAMBARAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN TENTANG STRUKTUR DAN TOPOGRAFI ORGAN PADA MAHASISWA TINGKAT IV KEDOKTERAN Salah satu kompetensi lulusan mahasiswa pendidikan kedokteran adalah mampu mengaplikasikan prinsip ilmu dasar biomedik, epidemiologi, klinis, dan perilaku dalam praktik profesi kedokteran. Anatomi merupakan salah satu ilmu biomedik dalam pendidikan kedokteran yang mempelajari struktur dan topografi organ. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui tingkat pengetahuan mahasiswa tingkat IV fakultas kedokteran mengenai struktur dan topografi organ. Survei terhadap 88 mahasiswa ini dilaksanakan di sebuah fakultas kedokteran di Kota Bandung dari bulan Oktober hingga Desember 2018 menggunakan metode random sampling. Analisis statistik menggunakan distribusi frekuensi, persentase proporsi, dan Wald’s statistic dalam 95% interval kepercayaan. Analisis validitas menggunakan Pearson’s correlation, sedangkan analisis reliabilitas menggunakan Kappa’s percent agreement. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat pengetahuan rerata tentang struktur organ dan topografi dalam kategori cukup. Hal ini menunjukkan pembelajaran anatomi tentang struktur organ dan topografi masih perlu dioptimalkan.

The genus Grammosciadium is a member of the family Apiaceae and has four taxa namely G. daucoides, G. macrodon subsp. macrodon, G. macrodon subsp. nezaketiae and G. cornutum distributed in Turkey. Because the fruit anatomical characters are distinctly important for the taxonomy of the family Apiaceae, this study includes the detailed anatomy of the fruits of the genus. Moreover, some measurements from the fruit anatomy are given. Besides the general anatomy of them, the taxa are evaluated by both qualitative characters such as mericarp types and clarity of ribs and quantitative characters such as number of vascular bundles, number of vittae, size of mericarp, vittae, endosperm and vascular bundles. All the data presented in this research study may be used as a basis for all possible research on the taxonomy of the family and the genu. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Veterinary Journal of Mehmet Akif Ersoy University is the property of Veterinary Journal of Mehmet Akif Ersoy University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Turkish Journal of Trauma & Emergency Surgery / Ulusal Travma ve Acil Cerrahi Dergisi is the property of KARE Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objectives: Morus alba L., Morus nigra L., and Morus rubra L. are widely cultivated in many countries due to their nutritive, economic, and medicinal value. In this study, comparative morphological and anatomical studies on three common Morus L. species found in Turkey were carried out. According to the results, differences regarding the morphological and anatomical features of these species were described, and the data were displayed in detailed photographs. Materials and Methods: Specimens collected from different provinces of Turkey were studied. In the anatomical studies, investigations were performed on transversal and superficial sections of the leaves. All sections were stained with chloral hydrate and Sartur solution and were then examined using an Olympus BH2 light microscope. Results: Significant diagnostic characteristics were found, such as trichome types, stomatal measurements, the stomatal index, and the density ratio of the parenchyma and collenchyma layers. Some morphological features of the leaves also showed prominent differences. Conclusion: Our results may contribute to the taxonomy of Morus species for future work and be helpful in species diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Allium cepa L.’nın kök uçlarını kullanarak Deltametrin'in toksik etkilerini araştırmaktır. Bu amaçla, çimlenme yüzdesi, kök uzunluğu, ağırlık kazanımı, mikronukleus (MN), kromozomal anormallik sıklığı ve anatomik değişimler ile oksidatif stres’in indikatörü olan Malondialdehit (MDA) düzeyi toksisitenin indikatörleri olarak kullanıldı. Bulblar 1 kontrol ve 3 uygulama olarak 4 gruba ayrıldı. 72 saat süresince kontrol grubu bulblar çeşme suyu, uygulama grubu bulblar ise Deltametrin’in 5, 10 ve 20 mg/L dozları ile muamele edildi. Sonuçlar, kontrol grubu ile karşılaştırıldığında, tüm uygulama gruplarında çimlenme yüzdesi, kök uzunluğunu ve ağırlık kazanımının azaldığını, MN ve kromozomal anormalliklerin sayısının ise arttığını göstermiştir. Kromozomal anormalliklerde doza bağlı bir artış belirlenmiştir. Fragment, yapışkan kromozom, köprü, kromatinin eşit olmayan dağılımı ve c-mitoz şeklinde anormallikler sayılmıştır. Ayrıca, sonuçlar, Deltametrin’in uygulanan tüm dozlarda yassılaşmış hücre çekirdeği, nekroz, iletim dokuda bazı maddelerin birikimi, korteks hücre duvarında kalınlaşma, belirgin olmayan iletim doku ve hücre deformasyonu gibi anatomik hasarlara neden olduğunu da göstermiştir. Diğer yandan, kontrol ile karşılaştırıldığında Deltametrin'e maruz kalan kök uçlarının MDA düzeylerinde önemli bir değişim vardı. Deltametrin’in üç farklı dozu, lipid peroksidasyonunu önemli ölçüde hızlandırdı ve tüm uygulama gruplarında MDA düzeylerinde bir artışa neden oldu. Maksimum etki ise 20 mg /L doz seviyesinde gözlendi. Bu çalışmada elde edilen veriler, A. cepa L. biyo-analizlerinin Deltametrin’in muhtemel toksisitesini belirlemede önemli bir indikatör olarak kullanılabileceğini göstermiştir.