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Hyperthermia plays a significant role in cancer treatment by inducing cell damage through temperature elevation, often used alongside other treatment modalities. During hyperthermia therapy, temperature control is crucial. Here, we report on a simple synthesis route of hybrid plasmonic nanodiamonds either completely wrapped with an Au shell (NV@Au) or densely covered with Au NPs (NV@SiO 2 @Au). Such integration of nanodiamonds with Au NPs is advantageous both for heating and precise thermometry at nanoscale. After structural and optical investigations, heating abilities of the obtained plasmonic nanodiamonds were thoroughly inspected on glass, in association with living cells, and in tissue slices ex vivo, revealing their effective heat generation under excitation with light using a single excitation source. The developed hybrid plasmonic nanodiamonds were finally applied for local photothermal therapy of melanoma in vivo, demonstrating their efficacy in eradicating cancer cells and monitoring temperature during the process.

The article presented the authors’ simulator "Stupalki-LOGOS" (authors: M. M. Yefymenko, M. D. Moga) and considered the possibilities of its use in improving (correcting) the psycho-speech development of preschoolers with general underdevelopment of speech. The design of the simulator and the purpose of its three removable parts (handgrip handle, base platform, supporting surface of the simulator) are described. A brief classification of the main types of children’s hand disorders (hypotonic, hypertonic, dystonic, asymmetric) is made, and an algorithm for overcoming hand disorders according to each of the listed types is given. The main power hand functions that can be formed with the help of the Stupalki-LOGOS simulator (grab, supports, springs, rolling, balancing, stepping, etc.) are listed. The special role of the two-handed coordination function, which is formed due to this simulator, is emphasized. The cross-coordination of the upper and lower (when crawling) limbs forms the internal hemispheric neural networks necessary for brain activity for further left-hemisphere lateralization of the brain. The practical aspect of the research is presented in the article with sets of special exercises on the Stupalki-LOGOS simulator to improve the motor and psycho-speech development of preschoolers with general speech underdevelopment. The performed pedagogical observations proved that the "Stupalki-LOGOS" simulator improves the indicators of psycho-speech development: two-handed coordination improved, the basic power functions of the hand were formed (capture, supports, springs, rolling, stepping, pushing away), the state of mental well-being improved, as well as certain indicators of speech development (articulatory motor skills, phonetics, vocabulary).

The mechanism of thermal decomposition of 1-tert-butyl-2-methoxydiazene-1-oxide and 1-ethyl-2-methoxydiazene-1-oxide was investigated by quantum chemistry methods at the CCSD/aug-cc-pVDZ level. It was shown that thermolysis of both compounds occurs by the same mechanism – hydrogen atom transfer from the CH3 of ethyl or tert-butyl group to the N-oxide oxygen atom via a five-membered cyclic transition state in the limiting stage. More precise calculations at the DLPNO-CCSD(T)/aug-cc-pVTZ level were performed for this reaction channel. It was shown that the activation enthalpy at all calculation levels for this reaction channel and for both compounds is 150-170 kJ/mol, which corresponds to the experimental data. The experimental thermolysis products composition of the 1-tert-butyl-2-methoxydiazene-1-oxide completely coincides with the calculated one.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of curcumin on the ratio of constitutive and inducible NOS isoforms in the cerebral cortex of rats under a round-the-clock lighting (RCL) with a high fructose and fat diet. The experiments were performed on 21 white Wistar rats weighing 235±20 g, divided into 3 groups. Animals in the first group (control) received a standard diet (energy value 2720 kcal/kg) and were exposed to an equal alternation of light and darkness. The rats of the second and third groups were kept in RCL conditions against the background of the administration of a high-calorie carbohydrate-lipid diet (HCCLD, 4477 kcal/kg). In addition, animals of the third group received curcumin daily through a gavage, intragastrically, at a dose of 200 mg/kg. The activity of total NOS and its constitutive isoforms (cNOS) in the cerebral homogenate was measured, inducible isoenzyme (iNOS) activity and cNOS coupling index were calculated. Curcumin administration significantly reduced the total and inducible activity of NOS in the cerebral homogenate– by 34 and 38%, respectively, compared with the values of the second group. At the same time, cNOS activity (2.3-fold) and its coupling index (3.8-fold) increased significantly compared with the data of the second group. It is concluded that the use of curcumin in metabolic disorders associated with pathogenic factors of the “Western lifestyle” – light disorders and the use of HCCLD restores the normal ratio of constitutive and inducible NOS isoforms, cNOS coupling in the rat cerebral hemispheres, which prevents the development of oxidative-nitrosative stress.

Background. Monocrystalline garnet ferrite films have recently attracted special attention due to the presence of unique magnetoelectric properties number of these materials and the search for new alternative approaches to recording information. The great interBackground. Monocrystalline garnet ferrite films have recently attracted special attention due to the presence of unique magnetoelectric properties number of these materials and the search for new alternative approaches to recording information. The great interest in these materials is associated with their application prospects for logical operations on spin waves in various magnetoelectronics and spintronics elements. The purpose of this work is to study the high-temperature annealing effect on the garnet ferrite films magnetic parameters. Materials and methods. Monocrystalline garnet ferrite films samples were grown by liquid-phase epitaxy. High-temperature annealing was carried out in a muffle furnace. The films parameters were determined by the ferromagnetic resonance method on a radio spectrometer equipped with a temperature control prefix. Results. The hightemperature annealing effect on the characteristics of epitaxial garnet ferrite films with uniaxial magnetic anisotropy is investigated. The magnetization, anisotropy field, FMR line width and Curie temperature on the annealing temperature dependence are obtained. Conclusions. The most sensitive monocrystalline ferrite-garnet films parameters to hightemperature annealing are the growth magnetic anisotropy and the magnetic spin systemrelaxation parameters. The saturation magnetization, the exchange interaction parameter, as well as the gyromagnetic ratio remain unchanged.

The «National Security Strategy of the Russian Federation until 2030» prioritises the use of resource-saving and waste-free technologies for natural resource extraction and processing, import substitution of mining equipment in the Russian mining sector, and the introduction of digital technologies at all stages of resource extraction and processing in the mining industry to improve their safety. The aim of the article is to study the gradual development of peat machinery classification and the relevance of its improvement through integrated mechanization devices to create waste-free extraction and processing of peat deposits using fullcycle mobile complexes with the development of environmentally friendly and resource-saving technologies for peat production. The methodological basis of the research includes post-event analysis, peat machine design theory, and systems analysis. As a research result, new system factors influencing the development of the classification of currently available machinery and equipment for peat production, as well as classification variants combining the processes of extraction and processing of peat deposit resources are provided, which allow modeling the structure of full-cycle mobile complexes for extraction and processing of peat deposit resources without waste. In terms of practical application, the classification of peat machinery enables the development of a rational decision-making data system for optimizing the structure of the technological machinery and equipment fleet of peat extraction enterprises, taking into account the deteriorating conditions of peat resources and development technologies, the economic conditions of the industry and the current trends of digitalization in the extractive industry.

Abstract Besides the broad development of nanotechnological approaches for cancer diagnosis and therapy, currently, there is no significant progress in the treatment of different types of brain tumors. Therapeutic molecules crossing the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and reaching an appropriate targeting ability remain the key challenges. Many invasive and non-invasive methods, and various types of nanocarriers and their hybrids have been widely explored for brain tumor treatment. However, unfortunately, no crucial clinical translations were observed to date. In particular, chemotherapy and surgery remain the main methods for the therapy of brain tumors. Exploring the mechanisms of the BBB penetration in detail and investigating advanced drug delivery platforms are the key factors that could bring us closer to understanding the development of effective therapy against brain tumors. In this review, we discuss the most relevant aspects of the BBB penetration mechanisms, observing both invasive and non-invasive methods of drug delivery. We also review the recent progress in the development of functional drug delivery platforms, from viruses to cell-based vehicles, for brain tumor therapy. The destructive potential of chemotherapeutic drugs delivered to the brain tumor is also considered. This review then summarizes the existing challenges and future prospects in the use of drug delivery platforms for the treatment of brain tumors. Graphical Abstract

Photothermal therapy (PTT) has attracted increasing interest as a complementary method to be used alongside conventional therapies. Despite a great number of studies in this field, only a few have explored how temperatures affect the outcome of the PTT at nanoscale. In this work, we study the necrosis/apoptosis process of cancerous cells that occurs during PTT, using a combination of local laser heating and nanoscale fluorescence thermometry techniques. The temperature distribution within a whole cell was evaluated using fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy during laser-induced hyperthermia. For this, gold nanorods were utilized as nanoheaters. The local near-infrared laser illumination produces a temperature gradient across the cells, which is precisely measured by nanoscale thermometry. This allows one to optimize the PTT conditions by varying concentration of gold nanorods associated with cells and laser power density. During the PTT procedure, such an approach enables an accurate determination of the percentages of apoptotic and necrotic cells using 2D and 3D models. According to the performed cell experiments, the influence of temperature increase during the PTT on cell death mechanisms has been verified and determined. Our investigations can improve the understanding of the PTT mechanisms and increase its therapeutic efficiency while avoiding any side effects.

Abstract We report charge and heat transport studies in copper-intercalated topological insulator Bi $$_2$$ 2 Se $$_3$$ 3 hybrid devices. Measured conductivity shows impact of quantum corrections, electron–electron and electron–phonon interactions. Our shot noise measurements reveal that heat flux displays a crossover between $$T^2$$ T 2 and $$T^4$$ T 4 with the increase of temperature. The results might be explained by a model of inelastic electron scattering on disorder, increasing the role of transverse acoustic phonons in the electron–phonon coupling process.

Based on the principles of structural information analysis of the situation, the ways to build a system of spatially distributed information sensors with functions of reconfiguring the structure and changing the composition in accordance with monitoring tasks and conditions are justified. Using the method of indeterminate Lagrange multipliers, a procedure has been developed for rationally selecting the configuration of a sensor system to achieve stability and reliability of control over a given area of space. Experimental estimates of the determining location accuracy of objects in spatially distributed passive radar systems are obtained when azimuth-angular direction finders and signal detectors are used as information sensors. Regularities of accuracy increase due to selection of number and positions of information sensors are revealed.

In today's information-driven society, the amount of generated and processed data is constantly increasing, requiring continuous advancements and refinements of memory components. With global digitalization, there is an urgent need for data storage devices meeting specific criteria: they should be energyefficient and compact, possess high capacity, and rapid information read/write rates, while being sustainable and made of recyclable materials. In this context, metal--organic frameworks (MOFs) could become efficient alternative materials for memory device creation due to their simple synthesis, scalability, and low energy consumption. The fabrication process for MOF-based memory elements is straightforward and efficient. Here we propose MOFs (HKUST-1) synthesis using an innovative approach based on droplet microfluidics that allows MOFs synthesis in 32 s, which can be used for further fabrication of memory elements. After revealing optimized experimental synthesis conditions by numerical simulation of droplet formation in a channel of a microfluidic chip, we obtain HKUST-1 microcrystals of various crystallinities and sizes by adjusting the reaction temperature and flow rates. We conduct a thorough structural and optical investigation of the resulting HKUST-1 microcrystals, which we further deposit on a conductive platform to form a memristive element. The memory device made from MOF microcrystals developed using droplet microfluidics demonstrates a higher ON/OFF ratio and faster fabrication compared to conventionally synthesized MOFs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract. Introduction The problem of complications after surgical treatment of pertrochanteric fractures in elderly patients is relevant and far from a solution. Materials and methods The retrospective study was based on the analysis of the results of treatment of 129 patients with pertrochanteric femoral fractures (average age 76 years). All fractures in the early time from trauma were fixed with two types of cephalomedullary nails, either dynamic or static. All patients could not limit the load on the operated limb after surgery because of different reasons. Results The results of treatment were evaluated in 109 patients after one year. In dynamic cephalomedullary fixator group (59 patients), there were 7 orthopedic complications with a functional Harris scale result of 68 points (range, 26 to 94 points). In static cephalomedullary fixator group (50 patients), there were 14 orthopedic complications with a functional Harris score of 56.5 points (range, 15 to 92 points). Discussion Higher results of treatment in the group of dynamic fixator in the condition of full-weight bearing on the operated limb may be associated with the possibility of dynamization of the part of fixator in response to bone resorption in the contact area of bone fragments. The use of dynamic cephalomedullary fixators instead of static ones for treatment of pertrochanteric femoral fractures in elderly patients exercising full weight-bearing leads to a decrease in orthopedic complications (from 28 to 11.9 %) and improves the functional results of treatment.