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Many studies in recent years have considered the potential relationship between periodontitis and lipid parameters. Currently, it is generally accepted that HDL (High-density lipoprotein) is one of the lipoproteins that play an important role in immunity and an important part of maintaining periodontal homeostasis. In this paper, the protective mechanism of HDL in periodontitis was discussed, and the adjuvant therapeutic effect of HDL in periodontitis with systemic disease was emphasized.

Chronic periodontitis is the most common infectious periodontal disease caused by plaque biofilm. Pili is an important bacterial component of Porphyromonas gingivalis. Epidemiological studies have shown that chronic periodontitis can increase the risk of cardiovascular disease, and atherosclerosis is the pathological basis of cardiovascular disease. This article will summarize the mechanism of Porphyromonas gingivalis pili protein mediated chronic periodontitis and atherosclerosis, in order to expand new ideas of disease prevention and treatment.

Background: Hypertension and periodontal diseases share several risk factors. Inflammation biomarkers in saliva are related to hypertension and periodontal disease. The aim of this study was to explore the role of the salivary inflammatory biomarkers in the treatment effectiveness of patients with hypertension and periodontal disease. Methods: This observational study enrolled 160 subjects diagnosed with periodontitis, 40 of which had a history of hypertension. All subjects had completed scaling and root planning therapeutic procedures within four weeks. The clinical periodontal parameters (i.e., bleeding on probing, plaque control record (PCR), and probing depth (PD)) were evaluated before and after the treatment. Pro-inflammatory markers were determined using a commercial kit. Results: The recovery rate (PD 4–9 mm) in non-hypertensive subjects was significantly higher than in hypertensive subjects (60.47% vs. 52.60%, respectively, p = 0.04). All clinical parameters, excluding PCR, positively correlated with salivary IL-1β at baseline and after completing treatment. Our results showed that increased salivary IL-1β levels were positively associated with decreased PCR (β = −27.65 and p = 0.05) and PD recovery rate (β = −17.05 and p = 0.02) in hypertensive subjects. Conclusions: The present study sheds important light on the clinical use of salivary pro-inflammatory cytokines as valuable biomarkers for predicting the treatment effectiveness of patients suffering from hypertension and periodontitis.

Background/purpose: Many studies have confirmed that periodontal disease interacts with diabetes. The aim of this study was to examine whether the advanced glycosylated end products (AGEs), which are generated by diabetics, have important effects on the osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs). Materials and methods: In this study PDLSCs were isolated from the periodontal ligaments of extracted third molar teeth. The subjects were divided into two groups, which included the normal control group (N-PDLSCs) and the AGEs-stimulating group (A-PDLSCs). Changes of receptor of AGEs (RAGE) and cumulative ROS in PDLSCs were monitored by western blot and flow cytometry, respectively. Results: In the study AGEs noticeably inhibited the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs, with significant lower calcification nodules detected in A-PDLSCs (P

Background Neuroblastoma is a relatively common and highly belligerent childhood tumor with poor prognosis by current therapeutic approaches. A novel anti-cancer agent of the di-2-pyridylketone thiosemicarbazone series, namely di-2-pyridylketone 4,4-dimethyl-3-thiosemicarbazone (Dp44mT), demonstrates promising anti-tumor activity. Recently, a second-generation analogue, namely di-2-pyridylketone 4-cyclohexyl-4-methyl-3-thiosemicarbazone (DpC), has entered multi-center clinical trials for the treatment of advanced and resistant tumors. The current aim was to examine if these novel agents were effective against aggressive neuroblastoma in vitro and in vivo and to assess their mechanism of action. Methods Neuroblastoma cancer cells as well as immortalized normal cells were used to assess the efficacy and selectivity of DpC in vitro. An orthotopic SK-N-LP/Luciferase xenograft model was used in nude mice to assess the efficacy of DpC in vivo. Apoptosis in tumors was confirmed by Annexin V/PI flow cytometry and H&E staining. Results DpC demonstrated more potent cytotoxicity than Dp44mT against neuroblastoma cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. DpC significantly increased levels of phosphorylated JNK, neuroglobin, cytoglobin, and cleaved caspase 3 and 9, while decreasing IkBα levels in vitro. The contribution of JNK, NF-ĸB, and caspase signaling/activity to the anti-tumor activity of DpC was verified by selective inhibitors of these pathways. After 3 weeks of treatment, tumor growth in mice was significantly (p

Ship wakes are large, exist for a long time, and are difficult to disguise or conceal. These characteristics can be used as an important basis for ship tracking and recognition. However, distinguishing between wakes, underwater targets, and sea surface is a difficult problem that currently limits acoustic wake homing technology. To solve this problem, in this study, from the viewpoint of feature recognition, the effects of bubble radius, air volume fraction, frequency, depth, and other parameters on the group bubble were first investigated. The volume scattering intensity of acoustic wakes at different frequencies and depths was also calculated and analyzed, and the results of our theoretical calculations were verified through an experiment using a multifrequency single wave sonar dock. Subsequently, through the single frequency and multibeam sonar sea trial test, a statistical model of target characteristics with a clear physical mechanism was developed. The developed model can be utilized for the guidance and recognition of acoustic wake targets. Thus, this study lays the foundation for the practical application of acoustic wake guidance.

Target acoustic scattering is the primary characteristic of target echo stealth performance, and it is an important sign of the viability of large-scale complex targets underwater. In a test band, owing to the superposition of scattered waves and the elastic echo produced by shells, liquid tanks, partition plates, ribs, etc., a target exhibits an extremely complex echo phenomenon. Accurate measurement and evaluation of the acoustic scattering characteristics of underwater complex targets can be achieved via experimental research on the echo characteristics of large-scale scaled models. In this study, the contribution and regularity of the strong reflection source of underwater complex targets in various azimuths, structures, and locations were analyzed quantitatively as a basis for in-depth research and understanding of the echo characteristics of underwater complex targets.