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Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) occurs when fat accumulates in the liver even without excessive alcohol intake. Among the current therapeutic approaches for NAFLD, lifestyle modification with dietary changes and regular exercise is the mainstay treatment. With the rise of intestinal microecology, regulation of the “liver–gut” axis can be an effective treatment for NAFLD. This review aimed to assess the modulation of the liver–gut microbiota axis with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) as a therapeutic approach to NAFLD and further explored its application in the newly discovered therapeutic avenues beyond NAFLD treatment.

It is meaningful to develop the automation segmentation of rice planthopper pests based on imaging technology in precision agriculture. However, rice planthopper images affected by light and complicated backgrounds in open rice fields make the segmentation difficult. This study proposed a segmentation approach of rice planthopper images based on the Markov random field to conduct effective segmentation. First, fractional order differential was introduced into the extraction process of image texture features to gain complete texture information of rice planthopper images. Observation data modeling was established by a combination of image color features and texture features to overcome the disadvantages of insufficient image texture information. Finally, the improved potential function models, the neighborhood relationship between the pixel labels, and the attributes of pixels were defined. The segmentation results were assessed by quantitative evaluation. The experiments showed that the proposed improved approach in the study was more robust, especially with the changes in the illumination condition. This approach can effectively improve segmentation accuracy and promote vision segmentation results of rice planthopper images.

In this paper, NiCo2S4 nanoelectrode materials were prepared by a two-step hydrothermal method. Physical and morphological characterization and electrochemical testing revealed that the prepared NiCo2S4 has a sea urchin-like layered three-dimensional network structure, which can fully increase the contact area with the electrolyte, increase the active sites and improve the electrochemical performance. The specific capacitance of the prepared NiCo2S4 nanomaterials reached 717.32 F/g. The cyclic voltammetry test curve as well as galvanostatic charge-discharge (GCD) test curve have perfect symmetry, good material reversibility. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) indicates materials with low impedance. The specific capacitance remained 76.8% after 3000 cycles and the electrochemical stability was good. NiCo2S4 electrode material has excellent electrochemical properties and has a promising application in supercapacitor electrodes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The promotion of the Internet of Things (IOT) in agriculture is an important symbol in the modern agricultural industry. It can efficiently lower the labor consumption and exert a positive impact on farmlands through wireless sensor networks. It can precisely acquire data on crops and the environment to achieve the scientific cultivation and management of the production equipment by means of automation, intelligence, and remote control and to advance the transformation of agricultural development in modern times. An intelligent system of high precision, which is based on the IOT, is formulated in this study. Such system applies Advanced RISC Machines (ARM) as its built-in gateway, with such carriers as Bluetooth, 2.4 GHz, Zigbee, Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), Wi-Fi, and others, to establish wireless sensor networks and manage the agricultural production through remote control and intelligent management. The experiment suggests that the system can efficiently supervise and control the multiple environmental parameters and farmland equipment to meet the requirement of agricultural production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of DYNA - Ingeniería e Industria is the property of Publicaciones Dyna SL and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Patients who has fecal incontinence suffer physical and mental painfulness because they can neither actively control any forms of defecation nor detect the state of intestinal contents. It is significantly meaningful to study artificial anus sphincter with "artificial sensory nerves". In this paper, reflective infrared (IR) sensor, with different responses to the solutes, can simulate the sensory nerves to detect intestinal contents to distinguish different solutes according to the voltage values of the different reflective responses to the IR of the solutes. The study meets the requirements as expected because the outcome shows that the voltage signals of different solution differ dramatically which can detect whether there are any intestinal contents and distinguish the states of them. It turns out to be an effective method that the reflective IR sensor can simulate the sensory nerves to sense intestinal contents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]