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The construction of 3D geological models based on geological maps is a subject worthy of study. The construction of geological interfaces is the key process of 3D geological modeling. It is hard to build the bottom interfaces of quaternary strata only using boundaries in large-scale geological maps. Moreover, it is impossible to construct bedrock geological interfaces through sparse occurrence data in large-scale geological maps. To address the above-mentioned two difficulties, we integrated two key algorithms into a new 3D modeling workflow. The buffer algorithm was used to construct virtual thickness contours of quaternary strata. The Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) algorithm was applied to occurrence interpolation. Using a regional geological map of a city in southern China, the effectiveness of our workflow was verified. The complex spatial geometry of quaternary bottom interfaces was described in detail through boundaries buffer. The extension trends of bedrock geological interfaces were reasonably constraint by occurrence interpolation. The 3D geological model constructed by our workflow accords with the semantic relationship of tectonics. Through the model, the complex spatial structure of urban shallow strata can be displayed stereoscopically. It can provide auxiliary basis for decision-making of urban underground engineering.

Comprehensive Summary: As one of the most common structural motifs in natural products, cyclopentenones usually can be fabricated by Nazarov cyclization using divinyl ketones or functionalized tertiary divinyl carbinols (TDCs) as substrates. However, straightforward method for transforming unfunctionalized TDCs to their corresponding cyclopentenones is currently lacking. Herein, we wish to report the total syntheses of four structurally distinct terpenoids, namely laurane‐type marine sesquiterpenoids isolaurene, debromoaplysin and aplysin, and guaiane sesquiterpenoid guaiadienone A, all using a novel synthetic method, named oxidative Nazarov cyclization, as the key step. This work demonstrated our robust method is suitable for synthesizing various highly substituted cyclopentenones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Amino acid surfactants (AASs) based on environmentally friendly biomasses have the characteristics of renewable, easy biodegradation, antibacterial and low toxicity, and have been widely used in daily chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and other fields. This study concerned the use of octanal and amino acids as raw materials. In addition, seven types of amino acid‐based surfactants, through Collins reagents, Wittig‐Hornor reaction, and aza‐Micheal addition reaction, and amino acid head groups were connected with the alkyl chain by the CN bond. The structures were confirmed by infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1HNMR). Its surface activity and adsorption properties are evaluated. The physical properties of amino acid‐based surfactants were tested by surface tension and dynamic contact angle. The results demonstrated that histidine‐based amino acid surfactant (C8His) has the lowest critical micelle concentration (CMC) and surface tension at CMC (γCMC), 0.39 mmol L−1 and 28.79 mN L−1, respectively. Amino acid residues contribute to reducing the critical micelle concentration of surfactant. The interfacial adsorption of glycine‐based amino acid surfactant (C8Gly) significantly improved with the increase in temperature, so the surface tension decreased significantly. In addition, sodium chloride could effectively enhance the interfacial adsorption, and the gas–liquid interfacial tension and contact angle of AASs decrease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With rapid economic development, social competition has become increasingly intense. Stress experienced by individuals has increased dramatically, resulting in a steady rise in insomnia. The present study investigated the effect of different concentrations of Picea mariana essential oils (PMEOs) on sleep improvement in mice exhibiting p-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA)-induced insomnia. First, the main constituents of PMEOs were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The mice were weighed daily, and the sleep latency and duration were measured in each mouse group in the inverted reflex experiment. The number of neurons in the mouse brain was measured using Nissl staining. The expression level of 5-hydroxytryptamine-1A (5-HT1A) was determined by immunohistochemistry, whereas the expression level of gamma-aminobutyric acid A receptor subunit alpha-1 (GABAARɑ1) was detected by immunohistochemistry, western blotting, and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). GC-MS identified the top five components comprising PMEOs as bornyl acetate, camphene, α-pinene, β-pinene, and 3-carene. Inhalation of PMEOs resulted in a progressive increase in the rate of body weight change, a decrease in sleep latency, and prolonged sleep duration in experimental mice. In Nissl staining, the number of neurons was significantly reduced in the PCPA group when compared with the elevated number in the PMEOs group. Immunohistochemistry revealed increased expression levels of GABAARα1 and 5-HT1A in the PMEOs group. Western blotting and RT-qPCR results showed increased levels of GABAARα1 protein and gene expression, respectively. PMEOs could increase GABAARα1 and 5-HT1A protein levels in mice, resulting in hypnotic effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A modeling study for prediction of oil retention in compressor suction lines is presented in this article. A new flow-pattern-based analytical model called the double-circle model (DCM) was developed to evaluate the oil retention amount in suction lines. A new consolidated oil retention database was established to develop interfacial friction factor correlation. Parametric study was conducted by means of force balance analysis to determine the influence factors of oil transport. The DCM and parametric study were validated by the database, and the results showed that they display reliable accuracy. Finally, a hybrid artificial neural network (ANN) approach was proposed, which used the DCM and parametric study to produce extrapolation data and determine the input parameters, respectively. The hybrid ANN was optimized for the 6-13-1 configuration with logarithmic sigmoid (logsig) transfer function and the Lavenberg–Marquardt (L-M) algorithm. The hybrid ANN model prediction yields a mean relative error (MRE) and R2 of 6.25% and 96.86%, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This system effectively realizes the end-to-end data exchange and the data gathering from each terminal to the Geological Gathering Cloud (GGC). It is accomplished through QuantyML a private synchronization protocol reference SyncML and based on Json. It also provides high precision, high reliable positioning, navigation services to achieve meter level positioning through beidou navigation system and the visual data acquisition UI in the light of the mobile GIS map service technology. System integration and automation of scattered geological entities through the field investigation of the management, to facilitate the detailed description and accurate record of the collection content, provide rich data support for subsequent geological research. This paper introduces the design and realization of Mineral Information Acquisition System (MIAS), emphatically introduces the design principle QuantyML protocol based on Json and its implementation details. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The prepared CdS-P 25 /ZIF-67 has two charge transfer channels within the constructed dual Z-Scheme system, thus effectively improving the charge separation and the final photocatalytic CO 2 RR. [Display omitted] • A ternary composite CdS-P 25 /ZIF-67 is successfully synthesized by a simple hydrothermal method. • The CO 2 RR conducted by CdS-P 25 /ZIF-67 presents a significantly higher CO 2 reduction rate than either CdS-P 25 or ZIF-67. • The dual Z-scheme CdS-P 25 /ZIF-67 channel constituted within the composite contributes to the effectively enhanced separation of photo-induce carriers. Commercial TiO 2 (P25) is a potentially promising catalyst for photocatalytic CO 2 reduction. Nonetheless, the inefficient light capture ability and egregious charge recombination restrict its further utilization. In this work, CdS and P25 are incorporated to form the composite CdS-P25, which is further immobilized on the surface of a copper-based organic metal framework (MOF), ZIF-67, so as to establish a ternary hybrid CdS-P25/ZIF-67 via a facile hydrothermal method. On the basis of the enhancement in light absorption resulted from the formation of CdS-P25, the incorporation of ZIF-67 further prolongs the light absorption edge of CdS-P25/ZIF-67, up to 552 nm. In addition, the introduction of ZIF-67 with the dual Z-Scheme system constructed could significantly suppress the charge recombination, as revealed by the transient photocurrent value of CdS-P25/ZIF-67, which is 3.47 μA cm−2, about 20.4 times than that of CdS-P25. Accordingly, the photocatalytic assessment of CdS-P25/ZIF-67 also presents a significantly amelioration in CO 2 reduction reaction (CO 2 RR) in comparison with either CdS-P25 or ZIF-67, giving 1.58 μmol h−1 CH 4 and 1.49 μmol h−1 CO production. Our work sheds light on the investigation of efficacious construction of P25 based hybrids for light-driven photocatalysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Regarding the ever increasing and frequent occurrence of serious landslide disaster in eastern Guangxi, the current study was implemented to adopt support vector machines (SVM), particle swarm optimization support vector machines (PSO-SVM), random forest (RF), and particle swarm optimization random forest (PSO-RF) methods to assess landslide susceptibility in Zhaoping County. To this end, 10 landslide disaster-related variables including digital elevation model (DEM)-derived, meteorology-derived, Landsat8-derived, geology-derived, and human activities factors were provided. Of 345 landslide disaster locations found, 70% were used to train the models, and the rest of them were performed for model verification. The aforementioned four models were run, and landslide susceptibility evaluation maps were produced. Then, receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves, statistical analysis, and field investigation were performed to test and verify the efficiency of these models. Analysis and comparison of the results denoted that all four landslide models performed well for the landslide susceptibility evaluation as indicated by the area under curve (AUC) values of ROC curves from 0.863 to 0.934. Among them, it has been shown that the PSO-RF model has the highest accuracy in comparison to other landslide models, followed by the PSO-SVM model, the RF model, and the SVM model. Moreover, the results also showed that the PSO algorithm has a good effect on SVM and RF models. Furthermore, the landslide models devolved in the present study are promising methods that could be transferred to other regions for landslide susceptibility evaluation. In addition, the evaluation results can provide suggestions for disaster reduction and prevention in Zhaoping County of eastern Guangxi. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Competitive endogenous messenger RNA (ceRNA) affects transcription of other RNA molecules by competitively binding common microRNAs. Previous studies have shown that TP53INP1 functions as a suppressor in tumor metastasis. Our study elucidated StarD13 messenger RNA as a ceRNA in regulating migration and invasion of breast cancer cells. MicroRNA-125b was identified to induce metastasis of MCF-7 cells and bind with both StarD13 3′UTR and TP53INP1 3′UTR. Therefore, a ceRNA interaction between StarD13 and TP53INP1 mediated by competitively binding to miR-125b was indicated. Importantly, a microRNA-125b binding site at 4546–4560 nt on StarD13 was verified more vital for this ceRNA interaction. Indirectly regulation of SPARC in inducing metastasis of breast cancer cells by StarD13 via competitively binding with TP53INP1 was further confirmed. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate a ceRNA regulatory network which could give a better understanding of metastatic mechanisms of breast cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Patients with estrogen receptor α (ERα)-positive breast cancer can be treated with endocrine therapy using anti-estrogens such as tamoxifen; nonetheless, patients often develop resistance limiting the success of breast cancer treatment. The potential mechanisms remain elusive. In detail, many miRNAs have been associated with breast cancer tamoxifen resistance, but no studies have addressed the role of miRNA-mediated competitive endogenous RNAs network (ceRNET) in tamoxifen resistance. The ceRNET between CYP4Z1 and pseudogene CYP4Z2P has been revealed to promote breast cancer angiogenesis. However, its function in tamoxifen resistance remains unclear. Here we report CYP4Z1 and CYP4Z2P were downregulated in MCF-7 cells compared with tamoxifen-resistant MCF-7-TamR cells. Enforced upregulation of CYP4Z1- or CYP4Z2P-3′UTR level renders MCF-7 Cells resistant to tamoxifen. We find that overexpression of CYP4Z1- or CYP4Z2P-3′UTR enhances the transcriptional activity of ERα through the activation of ERα phosphorylation. Furthermore, we find that CYP4Z1- and CYP4Z2P-3′UTRs increase ERα activity dependent on cyclin-dependent kinase 3 (CDK3). Reporter gene and western blot assays revealed that CYP4Z1- and CYP4Z2P-3′UTRs act as CDK3 ceRNAs. More importantly, the blocking of CYP4Z1- and CYP4Z2P-3′UTRs reversed tamoxifen resistance in MCF-7-TamR cells. Our data demonstrates that the ceRNET between CYP4Z1 and pseudogene CYP4Z2P acts as a sub-ceRNET to promote CDK3 expression in ER-positive breast cancer and is a potential therapeutic target for treatment of tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Oil retention amount and pressure drop of R32 with PVE oil in suction line were measured experimentally. • The influences of refrigerant mass flux, oil mass fraction, transport property and flow direction on oil retention and pressure drop were discussed. • Two consolidated databases of oil retention and pressure drop were amassed to conduct comparison and analysis. • Oil retention impact factor was proposed to reflect the oil transport difficulty and it integrated the influences of geometric dimension, working pairs and operation parameters. R32/PVE oil mixture has become a popular working pair of commercial refrigeration/heat pump systems in recent years. This paper presented experimental study of oil retention and pressure drop characteristics of R32/PVE VG68 mixture in the compressor suction lines. The test samples were two smooth copper pipes of horizontal and vertical flow orientations with 10.7mm inner diameter. The oil retention in suction lines were measured based on remove-and-weight technique (RWT). Three conditions of saturation temperature and superheat degree (7.5/12, 7.5/6 and 10/12°C) were tested, in order to obtain different thermophysical and transport properties. Refrigerant mass flux and nominal oil mass fraction (OMF no) were varied with the ranges of 90−230 kg•m−2·s−1 and 1−5%, respectively. The influences of refrigerant mass flux, oil mass fraction, mixture viscosity and flow configuration on oil retention and pressure drop were investigated. The results showed that the oil retention amount tends to increase with the increases of actual oil mass fraction (OMF act) and mixture kinematic viscosity ratio and the decrease of refrigerant mass flux. Two consolidated databases for oil retention and pressure drop of suction lines, which involved five working pairs, were collected from the existing literatures to perform a comparison. Finally, based on analysis of oil transport mechanism, a new dimensionless parameter called oil retention impact factor was proposed to characterize the difficulty of oil transport, which integrated the influences of geometric dimension, working pairs and operation parameters. It showed relatively satisfactory relationship with the oil retention data from the amassed database and the present study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The mechanical, vibrational and thermodynamic characteristics of Ni 2 Ta were systematically investigated by means of density functional theory. The fully relaxed structure parameters were agreed well with the available experimental measured datas and published theoretical results. The single crystal elastic constants， polycrystalline modulus, Possion's ratio σ and Vickers hardness H v were obtained. The anisotropic characters were studied by plotting the 3D surface contour of shear modulus and Young's modulus. Using the finite displacement method, the phonon dispersion curves and the phonon density of states were reported for the first time. The infrared-active and Raman phonon modes at the Г point were assigned and discussed. Finally, the thermodynamic characteristics such as isochoric specific heat capacities C v and Debye temperature θ D were predicted by the phonon density of states. Based on these exceptional properties, it was expected that Ni 2 Ta could be a promising intermetallic compound with high temperature and corrosion resistant performance. • The single crystal elastic constants and polycrystalline modulus have been predicted. • Ni2Ta is mechanically and dynamically stable, exhibits ductile character. • The phonon dispersion curves and the phonon density of states were obtained. • The Raman-active and IR-active modes at the Г point were assigned. • The temperature dependence of the Cv and θD were also calculated and discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herein, covalent triazine frameworks in eclipsed AA and staggered AB stacking modes are respectively used for the in-situ growth of TiO 2 , and two heterostructures are obtained. Due to the highly organized stacking of the molecular layer in CTF-AA that strengthens the interlayer interaction, the light absorption and carrier migration of CTF-AA/TiO 2 are both enhanced in comparison to those of its component or CTF-AB/TiO 2 . Correspondently, the photocatalytic CO 2 reduction reaction (CO 2 RR) of CTF-AA/TiO 2 proffers 9.19 μmol·g -1 ·h -1 CH 4 and 2.32 μmol·g -1 ·h -1 CO production, about 9.2 and 4.3 times greater than that of pristine TiO 2 , respectively. Even though the innate photoresponse of the triazine unit endows CTF-AB/TiO 2 with augmented light capturing, its photocatalytic CO 2 conversion is relatively insignificant. According to the analyses of the planar-averaged electron density difference and Bader charge, the unproductive CO 2 efficiency might be due to the insufficient interfacial electron transfer from TiO 2 to CTF-AB. Given that the Δ G (-3.22 eV) of CHO intermediate generation is lower than that of CO desorption (-1.23 eV), the reaction tends to further generate CH 4 other than yielding CO. This study could shed fresh light over the reasonable design of effective photocatalytic heterostructures.

Purpose: To study whether male sex is a risk factor for prognosis in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer after 131I treatment using the propensity score matching (PSM) method., Methods: From April 2016 to October 2021, 1948 postoperative differentiated thyroid cancer patients aged 43 (interquartile range: 34, 54) years who received 131I treatment were retrospectively enrolled and divided into male (n = 645) and female groups (n = 1303). The PSM method was adopted to process all data to reduce the influence of data bias and confounding variables. The Mann-Whitney U test and χ2 test were used for data analysis. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors affecting prognosis, and the receiver operating characteristic curve was used to analyze the relationship between stimulated thyroglobulin (sTg) level, 131I dose, and poor prognosis., Results: Before PSM, the proportion of male patients with poor prognosis was significantly higher than that of female patients. After PSM, there was no difference in the proportion of poor prognosis between male and female groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that male sex; high T stage, N1b stage, and M1 stage; high sTg level; and high 131I dose were risk factors for poor prognosis before PSM. After PSM, high T stage, M1 stage, high sTg level, and 131I dose were still risk factors but male sex was no longer a risk factor for poor prognosis., Conclusions: After the reduction of selection bias by PSM, male sex was no longer a risk factor for prognosis after 131I treatment of differentiated thyroid cancer. In addition, high T stage (T3 + T4 stage), M1 stage, sTg ≥10.15 ng/mL, and 131I dose ≥260 mCi were risk factors for poor prognosis., (© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Endocrine Society. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)

No well-established biomarkers are available for the clinical diagnosis of major depressive disorder (MDD). Vitamin D-binding protein (VDBP) is altered in plasma and postmortem dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) tissues of MDD patients. Thereby, the role of VDBP as a potential biomarker of MDD diagnosis was further assessed. Total extracellular vesicles (EVs) and brain cell-derived EVs (BCDEVs) were isolated from the plasma of first-episode drug-naïve or drug-free MDD patients and well-matched healthy controls (HCs) in discovery (20 MDD patients and 20 HCs) and validation cohorts (88 MDD patients and 38 HCs). VDBP level in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from chronic glucocorticoid-induced depressed rhesus macaques or prelimbic cortex from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced depressed mice and wild control groups was measured to evaluate its relationship with VDBP in plasma microglia-derived extracellular vesicles (MDEVs). VDBP was significantly decreased in MDD plasma MDEVs compared to HCs, and negatively correlated with HAMD-24 score with the highest diagnostic accuracy among BCDEVs. VDBP in plasma MDEVs was decreased both in depressed rhesus macaques and mice. A positive correlation of VDBP in MDEVs with that in CSF was detected in depressed rhesus macaques. VDBP levels in prelimbic cortex microglia were negatively correlated with those in plasma MDEVs in depressed mice. The main results suggested that VDBP in plasma MDEVs might serve as a prospective candidate biomarker for MDD diagnosis., (© 2023 The Authors. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.)

Maintaining body temperature within a narrow range is vital for warm-blooded animals. In rodents, the preoptic area (POA) of the hypothalamus detects and regulates core body temperature. However, knowledge about the thermal regulation center in primates remains limited. Here, we show that activating a subpopulation of POA neurons by a chemogenetic strategy reliably induces hypothermia in anesthetized and freely moving macaques. Comprehensive monitoring of physiological parameters reveals that such hypothermia is accompanied by autonomic changes including a rise in heart rate, skeletal muscle activity, and correlated biomarkers in blood. Consistent with enhanced ambulatory movement during hypothermia, the animals show a full range of cold-defense behaviors. Resting-state fMRI confirms the chemogenetic activation of POA and charts a brain-wide network of thermoregulation. Altogether, our findings demonstrate the central regulation of body temperature in primates and pave the way for future application in clinical practice., Competing Interests: No conflict of interest is declared., (© 2022 The Author(s).)

RNA binding proteins (RBPs) are pivotal post-transcriptional regulators. RNPC1, an RBP, acts as a tumor suppressor through binding and regulating the expression of target genes in cancer cells. This study disclosed that RNPC1 expression was positively correlated with breast cancer patients' relapse-free and overall survival and that RNPC1 suppressed breast cancer cell metastasis. Mechanistically, RNPC1 promotes competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network crosstalk among STARD13, CDH5, HOXD10, and HOXD1 (STARD13-correlated ceRNA network), which we previously confirmed in breast cancer cells through stabilizing the transcripts and thus facilitating the expression of these four genes in breast cancer cells. Furthermore, RNPC1 overexpression restrained the promotion of STARD13, CDH5, HOXD10, and HOXD1 knockdown on cell metastasis. Notably, RNPC1 expression was positively correlated with CDH5, HOXD1, and HOXD10 expression in breast cancer tissues and attenuated adriamycin resistance. Taken together, these results identified that RNPC1 could inhibit breast cancer cell metastasis via promoting a STARD13-correlated ceRNA network.

The balance of pro- and antiapoptotic gene expression programs dominates the apoptotic progress of cancer cells. We previously demonstrated that STARD13 3'UTR suppressed breast cancer metastasis via inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). However, the roles of STARD13 3'UTR in breast cancer apoptosis remain elusive. Here, we identified that STARD13 3'UTR promoted cell apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, STARD13 3'UTR acted as a ceRNA for BMF (Bcl-2 modifying factor), thus increasing BMF expression in an miRNA-dependent manner. Meanwhile, STARD13 3'UTR enhanced the interaction of BMF/Bcl-2 to release Bax (Bcl-2 associated X protein) in breast cancer cells. Finally, we verified the ceRNA relationship between STARD13 and BMF in vivo. Collectively, these findings suggest that STARD13 3'UTR could act as a ceRNA for BMF to promote apoptosis and recognize STARD13 3'UTR as a potential therapeutic target in breast cancer cells.

Diverse RNA transcripts acting as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) can co-regulate each other's expression by competing for shared microRNAs. CCR2 protein, the receptor for CCL2, is implicated in cancer progression. However, we found that a higher CCR2 mRNA level is remarkably associated with prolonged survival of breast cancer patients. These conflicting results prompted us to study the non-coding function of CCR2 mRNA. We found that the CCR2 3' untranslated region (UTR) inhibited MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cell metastasis by repressing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in vitro , and suppressed breast cancer metastasis in vivo Mechanistically, the CCR2 3'UTR modulated the expression of the RhoGAP protein STARD13 via acting as a STARD13 ceRNA in a microRNA-dependent and protein coding-independent manner. The CCR2 3'UTR blocked the activation of RhoA-ROCK1 pathway, which is the downstream effector of STARD13, and thus decreased the phosphorylation level of myosin light chain 2 (MLC2) and formation of F-actin. Additionally, the function of the CCR2 3'UTR was dependent on STARD13 expression. In conclusion, our results confirmed that the CCR2 3'UTR acts as a metastasis suppressor by acting as a ceRNA for STARD13 and thus inhibiting RhoA-ROCK1-MLC-F-actin pathway in breast cancer cells.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper., Competing Interests: Competing interestsThe authors declare no competing or financial interests., (© 2017. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd.)