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This study aims to investigate the changes of aquaporin-4 (AQP4), β-amyloid precursor proteins (APP) and β-amyloid (Aβ) in brain tissues after cerebral ischemiareperfusion injury (CIRI), and evaluate the effect of edaravone. The Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion was used to establish CIRI in rats. Rats were divided into control, model and edaravone groups. The neurological deficits in the model group were obvious and the neurological score increased compared to the control group, while the neurological deficits of the edaravone group were improved as the neurological score decreased compared to the model group. The number of pyramidel cells in the hippocampus of the model group was significantly decreased whereas edaravone could reverse this decrease. The model group had significantly higher levels of Aβ, APP and AQP4 than the control group and edaravone group, suggesting that they might be involved in the neuronal cell damage. Meanwhile, the increased AQP4 might enhance the permeability of cells, and thus cause cell damage and neurological deficit. Conclusively, edaravone could reduce brain edema, protect neuronal cells and improve the neurological impairment of rats possibly by decreasing the expression of Aβ, APP and AQP4. Therefore, edaravone may have the potential to treat neurodegenerative diseases (such as Alzheimer's disease).

Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) consist of metal cations with positive charges and anions located between their layers, resulting in a structured gallery height and a wide array of surface functionalities. In recent years, LDHs have garnered substantial attention due to their expanded application range through the development of LDHs membranes, bringing exciting possibilities across various fields. A deep understanding of mass transport mechanisms is essential for designing membrane materials effectively and enhancing separation processes. In this review, In this review, the strategies employed for creating continuous and well‐intergrown LDHs membranes are first elaborated. Subsequently, the study delves into a detailed discussion of the selective transport processes involving gas molecules, liquid molecules, and ions through LDHs membranes. Based on the interactions between permeated molecules and LDHs membranes, the mass transport mechanisms can be concluded in molecular sieving mechanism, solution‐diffusion mechanism and facilitated transport mechanism. Finally, the current challenges and future perspectives are outlined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Curving woodworks exhibit wide applications in wooden furniture manufacturing due to the conformable visual and tactile experience, are welcome among consumers. However, the corresponding long-term shape stability facing the stress relaxation is an attention-worthy issue with the fundamental insights about the mesoscopic behaviors of vessels have not been provided. Here, we proposed the investigation into the effect of vessels on stress relaxation behavior of white oak (Quercus alba L.). Results demonstrated that stress relaxation modulus of specimen decreased with the elevation in MC and temperature, and vessel-containing specimens displayed more evident stress relaxation. Providing more physical connotation, Zener model is more suitable for the numerically investigation into the stress relaxation than logarithmic model. The time-temperature-moisture superposition principle (TTMSP) allows us to predict the~10 d and ~1 d stress relaxation behavior of white oak facing different temperatures and MCs. Additionally, stress relaxation of white oak with vessels is more evident, which can be attributed to the stress concentration and resultant deformation around the vessel. We believe that this work is beneficial for obtaining a mesoscopic understanding of vessels on stress relaxation behaviors of wood. It thus paves a way to exploit the methodologies to improve the shape-stability of curving woodworks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Fat grafting is an effective procedure for breast augmentation, but the variations in this technique result in unpredictable fat retention. Therefore, animal models are needed to simulate the operation and the optimal layer for fat retention. Objectives An autologous fat grafting murine model for breast augmentation was built to detect a new layer for fat grafting in the chest. Methods The left side of the female rat inguinal fat flap was harvested, dissected into small pieces, and autotransplanted into 3 different layers of the breast. Retention rate and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining were measured at 1, 4, 8 12, and 16 weeks. Immunofluorescence staining was utilized to detect adipocytes and endothelial cells, and immunohistochemistry was conducted to evaluate the expression of integrins β1 and α6. Results The volume of fat grafts slightly grew in the intramuscular and submuscular layers at Week 4. Retention rates in the subcutaneous layer and submuscular layer were significantly higher than the intramuscular layer at Week 16. H&E staining showed that oil cysts existed in the subcutaneous layer throughout the 16 weeks. At the terminal time point, well-vascularized mature adipose structures were observed in intramuscular and submuscular layers, with smaller adipocytes in intramuscular layers. Immunohistochemistry analysis showed that integrin β1 was identically expressed in every adipocyte in all the layers, whereas integrin α6 selectively expressed in bigger adipocytes in the intramuscular layer. The expression intensities of integrin β1 and α6 were significantly higher in the intramuscular layer than in the subcutaneous and submuscular layers. Conclusions The angiogenic and moderate mechanical environment makes the submuscular layer the optimal layer for fat retention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus patients (SLE) are at a higher risk of cardiovascular events than the general population. This study aimed to investigate the risk perception of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and to analyze its influence factors among Chinese SLE patients. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. Convenience sampling was used to select 201 patients with SLE who had attended the outpatient and inpatient departments of the Department of Rheumatology and Immunology at the First Affiliated Hospital of the University of Science and Technology of China from November 2022 to March 2023. The following were used in the study: the Chinese version of the Attitudes and Beliefs about Cardiovascular Disease Risk Questionnaire, the Social Support Rating Scale, the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale, the General Self-Efficacy Scale, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the Health Literacy Management Scale, and sociodemographic and disease-related data. Results: The mean (standard deviation) risk perception score of CVD patients with SLE was 57.18 ± 13.02. A Pearson correlation analysis showed that CVD risk perceptions were positively correlated with health literacy (r = 0.152, p <.05) and depression (r = 0.277, p <.05), and negatively correlated with social support (r = −0.393, p <.05) and psychological resilience (r = −0.374, p <.05). A multiple linear regression analysis showed that body mass index (BMI), family history, health literacy, depression, social support, and psychological resilience were the main factors influencing CVD risk perceptions among Chinese SLE patients (p <.05). Conclusions: Body mass index, family history, health literacy, depression, social support, and psychological resilience influenced CVD risk perceptions among Chinese SLE patients. Healthcare workers should objectively and accurately assess the levels of CVD risk perception among SLE patients, identify the risk factors of CVD, adopt effective health risk communication strategies to help patients develop appropriate risk perceptions, and raise risk awareness to adopt active coping approaches to reduce risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The triglyceride–glucose (TyG) index, triglyceride-to-high-density-lipoprotein-cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio, metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR) and TyG with body mass index (TyG-BMI) have been proposed as indicators of insulin resistance (IR). This study aimed to explore the association between these IR surrogates and their longitudinal variation with the development of hyperuricemia in a middle-aged and older Chinese population. Data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) was used to identify 5269 participants aged ≥45 years. Logistic regression was used to assess the effect of IR surrogates and their variations on the risk of hyperuricemia. After four years of follow-up, 517 (9.81%) participants developed incident hyperuricemia. Increased baseline values of TyG, TG/HDL, METS-IR, and TyG-BMI were all significantly associated with higher risks of hyperuricemia. Compared to individuals with maintained low levels of IR surrogates, those with low-to-high and maintained high variation patterns had a significantly higher risk of hyperuricemia. These four IR surrogates have comparable predictive ability for hyperuricemia. This study provides evidence of the associations between IR and hyperuricemia. Early intervention among middle-aged and elderly Chinese individuals with high IR levels may effectively reduce the burden of hyperuricemia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are an abundant class of endogenous non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) generated from exonic, intronic, or untranslated regions of protein-coding genes or intergenic regions. The diverse, stable, and specific expression patterns of circRNAs and their possible functions through cis/trans regulation and protein-coding mechanisms make circRNA a research hotspot in various biological and pathological processes. It also shows practical value as biomarkers, diagnostic indicators, and therapeutic targets. This review summarized the characteristics, classification, biogenesis and elimination, detection and confirmation, and functions of circRNAs. We focused on research advances circRNAs in the mammalian ovary under conditions including ovarian cancer, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), and maternal aging, as well as during reproductive status, including ovarian follicle development and atresia. The roles of circRNAs in high reproductive traits in domestic animals were also summarized. Finally, we outlined some obstructive factors and prospects to work with circRNA, aiming to provide insights into the functional research interests of circRNAs in the reproduction and gynecology areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]