Search

Power converters have many applications in different industry due to their wide advantages. High step-up DC-DC converters work as an interface to improve output voltage in electric vehicles, medical equipment, servo-motors and renewable energies. The main challenges in fuel-cell (FC) vehicles are the inconstant input voltage and output power, so the efficiency analysis of DC-DC converter in a new topology is vital for an optimal operation. This paper analyzes the power loss and efficiency of a new non-isolated boost converter designed for FC vehicles considering different variables such as frequency, duty-cycle, and input voltage. The performance of the proposed converter is evaluated using dynamic analysis. The proposed converter is analyzed in Continuous Conduction Mode (CCM), and an efficiency analysis is performed in different situations. Moreover, the proposed converter is compared with some recent topologies to show its superiority. The validity of the analysis was confirmed by using a simulation in Matlab software. The results shown, the proposed converter has a low voltage stress on components, high efficiency, and wide voltage gain range.

Use of biochars can be effective in increasing the uptake of plant nutrients and stabilizing heavy elements in the soil. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of biochar application and lead (Pb) levels on some vegetative characteristics and concentrations of micro and macronutrients of Panicum miliaceum grown in rangeland soil under greenhouse conditions. A factorial pot experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with four replications. The first factor includes biochars (no application of biochar (C), wheat biochar (1.5% w/w) (GB1), wheat biochar (3% w/w) (GB2), corn biochar (1.5% w/w) (ZB1), corn biochar (3% w/w) (ZB2), cotton biochar (1.5% w/w) (PB1) and cotton biochar (3% w/w) (PB2)) and the second factor consisted of Pb levels (0 (Pb0), 150 (Pb150) and 300 (Pb300) mg Pb kg−1 soil). With enhancing the Pb levels from Pb0 to Pb300, the concentration of plant iron (10.46%), manganese (5%), and phosphorus (4.78%) were significantly reduced. While, all the biochars (GB, ZB, and PB) at the level of 3% (w/w) caused a significant increase in the concentration of Fe, Mn, P, and K of plant shoot and decreased the Pb concentration of plant shoot and root. The GB2 treatment was more effective than other biochars in improving the vegetative characteristics, increasing nutrient concentration of the shoot, and reducing the Pb content in the shoot and root. It can be concluded that the use of biochar can be of great help in implementing breeding projects for Pb contaminated pastures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we investigate the influence of the background of a cosmic string space–time with a distortion of a radial line into a spiral on the interaction of the scalar field with a Cornell-type nonminimal coupling subject to a special static scalar potential. The special static scalar potential consists of radial oscillator harmonics potential and radial inverse-square potential. In order to study such a system based on the Katanaev–Volovich geometric approach, we acquire relativistic solutions corresponding to the generalized Klein–Gordon quantum oscillator for relativistic charged spin-zero boson particles using analytical methods in this background. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Relativistic quantum mechanics of free fermions in the presence of the spiral dislocation of space–time with a distortion of a radial line into a spiral is studied within the Katanaev–Volovich geometric approach. The generalized Dirac equation in this background is constructed. Exact closed-form solutions are found by reducing the problem to that of a nonrelativistic two-dimensional 1 / r -problem with a complex coupling constant. The influence of the defect parameter related to the spiral dislocation on these solutions is investigated. We also study the charge density of free fermions in the presence of such a spiral dislocation in space–time. Based on the Bender–Boettcher approach for non-Hermitian Hamiltonians we study, in addition, bound-state solutions of the system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]