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4. Learning and the 'Change Enterprise': Inclusion and Ambivalences in an Educational Action Research and Development Project

Author

Katharina Zangerle

Abstract

Educational action research in development projects applies participative methods to include people with diverse backgrounds, experiencing learning collaboratively. In this article, I explore the learning activities, and their outcomes, unfolding in those settings. Based on project documents, 34 interviews with project staff and smallholder farmers, and participant observations for three months in Nepal, I analyse the action research and development project 'Strengthening Adaptive Farming in Bangladesh, India and Nepal' (SAF-BIN), and show how inclusive activities allow for critical reflection, individual experience, and dialogue. I find dialectics in this process of adjustment, such as resistant social and cultural arrangements that are activated. The inclusion of specific social groups, for example, goes along with exclusionary dynamics. This case illustrates that inclusion and action research can be conceptualised at least threefold: from a dialectical, institutional, and learning perspective. I conclude that action research in development provides a fruitful basis for learning, allows for legitimacy, and temporarily leads to social change at a micro-level, for better or worse.

Published
2024
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5. Does technology-based non-interactive teaching enhance students’ learning in the classroom?

Author

Leonie Sibley, Heike Russ, Ghazallah Ahmad, Benjamin Baumgärtner, Daniel Bräutigam, Sonja Brümmer, Hannah Bussmann, Nadja Erb, Leah Evans, Silke Fischer, Lucie Gradl, Rebecca Guddemi, Kathrin-Beatrice Hauptmann, Julian Hieke, Samantha Hilsdorf, Friedemann Högerle, Bärbel Hoppe-Brixner, Woomok Jeong, Susanne Karl, Sarah Lang, Matthias Loy, Erika Lunowa, Julia Maly, Gina Mongold, Simon Montscher, Timo Nattermann, Leah Neth, Fabian Pfeifer, Lidia Preißel, Birgit Rentschler, Anna Ringen, Sarah Colette Rogulj, Felix Salenbacher, Sarah Schäffler, Lou Schumm, Uwe Schumacher, Aline Schütz, Katja Thoma-Zangerle, Sabrina Weiß, Ann-Kristin Zimmermann, and Andreas Lachner

Subjects
Non-interactive teaching, Learning by teaching, Learning by explaining, Generative learning, ManyClasses approach, Co-design, Electronic computers. Computer science, QA75.5-76.95, Theory and practice of education, LB5-3640
Abstract

The use of evidence-based practices can be regarded as the gold standard in technology-based learning and instruction. A steadily adopted educational practice is technology-mediated non-interactive teaching, in which students generate explanations of the previously learned contents to a fictitious audience by means of technologies (e.g., video, messenger). Although recent laboratory studies documented benefits of non-interactive teaching, field-oriented evidence is scarce. Research is needed to examine how laboratory evidence applies to authentic learning environments with school students and to determine whether these effects are generalizable to different authentic contexts. We applied a ManyClasses study to a) examine the generalizability of technology-based non-interactive teaching and b) explore context-related (domain, school type), demographical-related (age, gender, language), and implementation-related (grading, medium, timing) boundary conditions. In collaboration with teachers, we realized k = 20 different teaching units (each consisting of two lessons) in authentic settings across various school types and domains. Using a within-participants design, school students (N = 191) either taught the previously learned contents by means of technology to a fictitious peer or retrieved the contents in mind after the lesson. Results showed no main effect of non-interactive teaching; but domain and school type moderated the learning activity. The findings indicate that non-interactive teaching is not effective per se, but rather depends on the instructional contexts in which it is implemented. The investigation of the teaching effect with new approaches allows, for the first time, more generalizable conclusions to be drawn about non-interactive teaching with technology for students in authentic settings.

Published
2024
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6. Overview of PAN 2024: Multi-author Writing Style Analysis, Multilingual Text Detoxification, Oppositional Thinking Analysis, and Generative AI Authorship Verification : Extended Abstract

Author

Bevendorff, Janek, Casals, Xavier Bonet, Chulvi, Berta, Dementieva, Daryna, Elnagar, Ashaf, Freitag, Dayne, Fröbe, Maik, Korenčić, Damir, Mayerl, Maximilian, Mukherjee, Animesh, Panchenko, Alexander, Potthast, Martin, Rangel, Francisco, Rosso, Paolo, Smirnova, Alisa, Stamatatos, Efstathios, Stein, Benno, Taulé, Mariona, Ustalov, Dmitry, Wiegmann, Matti, Zangerle, Eva, Goos, Gerhard, Founding Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, Goharian, Nazli, editor, Tonellotto, Nicola, editor, He, Yulan, editor, Lipani, Aldo, editor, McDonald, Graham, editor, Macdonald, Craig, editor, and Ounis, Iadh, editor

Published
2024
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7. Risk of tuberculosis after initiation of antiretroviral therapy among persons with HIV in Europe

Author

Isik S. Johansen, Ashley Roen, Christian Kraef, Raquel Martín-Iguacel, Johannes Nemeth, Lukas Fenner, Robert Zangerle, Josep M. Llibre, Robert F. Miller, Isabelle Suarez, Stephane de Wit, Ferdinand Wit, Christina Mussini, Annalisa Saracino, Diana Canetti, Alain Volny-Anne, Nadine Jaschinski, Bastian Neesgaard, Lene Ryom, Lars Peters, Harmony P. Garges, James F. Rooney, Daria Podlekareva, Amanda Mocroft, and Ole Kirk

Subjects
TB/HIV, AIDS, ART, incidence, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Objectives: Tuberculosis (TB) risk after initiation of antiretroviral treatment (ART) is not well described in a European setting, with an average TB incidence of 25/105 in the background population. Methods: We included all adult persons with HIV starting ART in the RESPOND cohort between 2012 and 2020. TB incidence rates (IR) were assessed for consecutive time intervals post-ART initiation. Risk factors for TB within 6 months from ART initiation were evaluated using Poisson regression models. Results: Among 8441 persons with HIV, who started ART, 66 developed TB during 34,239 person-years of follow-up (PYFU), corresponding to 1.87/1000 PYFU (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.47-2.37). TB IR was highest in the first 3 months after ART initiation (14.41/1000 PY (95%CI 10.08-20.61]) and declined at 3-6, 6-12, and >12 months post-ART initiation (5.89 [95%CI 3.35-10.37], 2.54 [95%CI 1.36-4.73] and 0.51 [95%CI 0.30-0.86]), respectively. Independent risk factors for TB within the first 6 months after ART initiation included follow-up in Northern or Eastern Europe region, African origin, baseline CD4 count 100,000 copies/mL, injecting drug use and heterosexual transmission. Conclusions: TB IR was highest in the first 3 months post-ART initiation and was associated with baseline risk factors, highlighting the importance of thorough TB risk assessment at ART initiation.

Published
2024
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8. All-cause and AIDS-related mortality among people with HIV across Europe from 2001 to 2020: impact of antiretroviral therapy, tuberculosis and regional differences in a multicentre cohort studyResearch in context

Author

Christian Kraef, Erich Tusch, Sabine Singh, Lars Østergaard, Gerd Fätkenheuer, Antonella Castagna, Santiago Moreno, Katharina Kusejko, Bartosz Szetela, Anastasiia Kuznetsova, Janez Tomažič, Jovan Ranin, Robert Zangerle, Fredrik Mansson, Giulia Marchetti, Stéphane De Wit, Amanda Clarke, Jan Gerstoft, Daria Podlekareva, Lars Peters, Joanne Reekie, and Ole Kirk

Subjects
HIV, AIDS, Europe, Eastern Europe, Mortality, Tuberculosis, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Summary: Background: All-cause and AIDS-mortality in Europe has been decreasing between 1996 and 2020. However, regional differences as well as their drivers remain unclear. This study investigates mortality differences and their drivers, including usage of and response to antiretroviral therapy (ART) and active tuberculosis (TB), among people with HIV across Europe. Methods: People with HIV enrolled in EuroSIDA were followed from 2001 through 2020. Immunologic-virologic status (IVS) was categorized as poor (CD4-cell count ≤350 cells/mm3 and viral load (VL) > 200 copies/ml), good (CD4 ≥ 500 and VL

Published
2024
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9. Longitudinal trends in causes of death among adults with HIV on antiretroviral therapy in Europe and North America from 1996 to 2020: a collaboration of cohort studies

Author

Trickey, Adam, McGinnis, Kathleen, Gill, M John, Abgrall, Sophie, Berenguer, Juan, Wyen, Christoph, Hessamfar, Mojgan, Reiss, Peter, Kusejko, Katharina, Silverberg, Michael J, Imaz, Arkaitz, Teira, Ramon, d'Arminio Monforte, Antonella, Zangerle, Robert, Guest, Jodie L, Papastamopoulos, Vasileios, Crane, Heidi, Sterling, Timothy R, Grabar, Sophie, Ingle, Suzanne M, and Sterne, Jonathan A C

Published
2024
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10. Overview of PAN 2023: Authorship Verification, Multi-Author Writing Style Analysis, Profiling Cryptocurrency Influencers, and Trigger Detection : Condensed Lab Overview

Author

Bevendorff, Janek, Borrego-Obrador, Ian, Chinea-Ríos, Mara, Franco-Salvador, Marc, Fröbe, Maik, Heini, Annina, Kredens, Krzysztof, Mayerl, Maximilian, Pęzik, Piotr, Potthast, Martin, Rangel, Francisco, Rosso, Paolo, Stamatatos, Efstathios, Stein, Benno, Wiegmann, Matti, Wolska, Magdalena, Zangerle, Eva, Goos, Gerhard, Founding Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, Arampatzis, Avi, editor, Kanoulas, Evangelos, editor, Tsikrika, Theodora, editor, Vrochidis, Stefanos, editor, Giachanou, Anastasia, editor, Li, Dan, editor, Aliannejadi, Mohammad, editor, Vlachos, Michalis, editor, Faggioli, Guglielmo, editor, and Ferro, Nicola, editor

Published
2023
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11. Overview of PAN 2023: Authorship Verification, Multi-author Writing Style Analysis, Profiling Cryptocurrency Influencers, and Trigger Detection : Extended Abstract

Author

Bevendorff, Janek, Chinea-Ríos, Mara, Franco-Salvador, Marc, Heini, Annina, Körner, Erik, Kredens, Krzysztof, Mayerl, Maximilian, Pęzik, Piotr, Potthast, Martin, Rangel, Francisco, Rosso, Paolo, Stamatatos, Efstathios, Stein, Benno, Wiegmann, Matti, Wolska, Magdalena, Zangerle, Eva, Goos, Gerhard, Founding Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, Kamps, Jaap, editor, Goeuriot, Lorraine, editor, Crestani, Fabio, editor, Maistro, Maria, editor, Joho, Hideo, editor, Davis, Brian, editor, Gurrin, Cathal, editor, Kruschwitz, Udo, editor, and Caputo, Annalina, editor

Published
2023
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12. Safety and efficacy of doravirine as first-line therapy in adults with HIV-1: week 192 results from the open-label extensions of the DRIVE-FORWARD and DRIVE-AHEAD phase 3 trials

Author

Martins, Marcelo D, Cahn, Pedro E, Lopardo, Gustavo D, Porteiro, Norma, Bloch, Mark Theo, Baker, David Alfred, Roth, Norman, Moore, Richard J, Finlayson, Robert James, McMahon, James, Rieger, Armin, Zoufaly, Alexander, Schmied, Brigitte, Hartl, Sylvia, Zangerle, Robert, Smaill, Fiona, Walmsley, Sharon L, Conway, Brian, Rachlis, Anita, Smith, Graham H R, Perez Cortes, Carlos, Afani, Alejandro, Campos Barker, Maria Isabel E, Chahin Anania, Carolina Eugenia, Reyes, Marcelo J. Wolff, Gerstoft, Jan, Weis, Nina, Laursen, Alex Lund, Molina, Jean-Michel, Yazdanpanah, Yazdan, Cotte, Laurent, Raffi, Francois, Slama, Laurence, Morlat, Philippe, Girard, Pierre-Marie, Katlama, Christine, Rockstroh, Juergen K, Arasteh, Keikawus, Esser, Stefan, Stoehr, Albrecht, Stellbrink, Hans-Juergen, Stoll, Matthias, Schuermann, Dirk, Faetkenheuer, Gerd, Bogner, Johannes Richard, Lutz, Thomas, Baumgarten, Axel, Jaeger, Hans, Wiese, Carmen, Gori, Andrea, Migliorino, Guglielmo Marco, Coltan, Gabriel, Constandis, Felicia, Erscoiu, Simona M, Prisacariu, Liviu-Jany, Rugina, Sorin, Streinu-Cercel, Adrian, Pokrovsky, Vadim V, Zakharova, Natalia, Shuldyakov, Andrey Anatolyevich, Ryamova, Elena Pavlovna, Kulagin, Valeriy Viktorovich, Tsybakova, Olga Aleksandrovna, Orlova-Morozova, Elena, Nagimova, Firaya, Voronin, Evgeniy, Shimonova, Tatiana Evgenyevna, Kozyrev, Oleg Anatolyevich, Orrell, Catherine, Lombaard, Johannes Jurgens, Botes, Margaretha Elizabeth, de Jager, Marleen, Segorb, Joaquin Portilla, Gatell Artigas, Josep Maria, Mallolas Masferrer, Josep, Guillen, Santiago Moreno, Perez Elias, Maria Jesus, Arribas Lopez, Jose R, Puigmal, Eugenia Negredo, Podzamczer Palter, Daniel, Ortega, Frederico Pulido, Garcia, Jesus Troya, de los Santos Gil, Ignacio, Berenguer, Juan, Nelson, Mark Richard, Williams, Ian G, Johnson, Margaret A, Khoo, Saye, Schembri, Gabriel, Clarke, Amanda, Gompels, Mark, Fox, Julie Meriel, Lwanga, Julianne, Taylor, Steven John, Dockrell, David Harold, Kegg, Stephen, Hagins, Debbie P, Osiyemi, Olayemi O, Prelutsky, David James, Ramgopal, Moti N, Scarsella, Anthony J, Dretler, Robin, DeJesus, Edwin, Bettacchi, Christopher J, Sims III, James, Clay, Patrick G, Bellos, Nicholaos C, Thompson, Melanie A, Montero, Jose, McDonald, Cheryl K, Creticos, Catherine, Shamblaw, David, Terrelonge, Antonio E, Valdes, Martin, Tashima, Karen T, Robbins, William J, Elion, Richard A, Goldstein, Deborah, Slim, Jihad, Lalezari, Jacob Paul, Pushkin, Richard, Lalla-Reddy, Sujata N, Win, Sanda S, Ruane, Peter Jerome, Mills, Anthony Martin, Cade, Jerry L, Campo, Rafael, Dietz, Craig A, Hoffman-Terry, Margaret, Blick, Gary, Rubin, David Scott, Mayer, Cynthia, Rondon, Juan Carlos, Cook, Paul P, Daar, Eric, Kumar, Princy N, Swindells, Susan, Castro, Jose Guillermo, Morales-Ramirez, Javier O, Santiago, Lizette, Santana-Bagur, Jorge L, Vandekerckhove, Linos, Florence, Eric, De Wit, Stephane, Derdelinckx, Inge, Vandercam, Bernard, Belkhir, Leila, De Wet, Joseph, Lebouche, Bertrand, Trottier, Benoit, Longpre, Daniele, Szabo, Jason, LeBlanc, Roger P, Jensen, Werner, Gonzalez, Alvaro Rojas, Beltran, Carlos, Sussmann, Otto Alberto, Velez, Juan Diego, Onate, Jose Millan, Nielsen, Henrik, Degen, Olaf, Stephan, Christoph, Arathoon, Eduardo, Lopez, Rudy Manuel, Rojas Alvarado, Evelyn Michelle, Gonzalez Patzan, Luis Demetrio, Meija, Carlos R, Pinzon, Rodolfo, Parchment, Charles, Sthoeger, Zev, Chowers, Michal, Riesenberg, Klaris, Shahar, Eduardo, Levy, Itzchak, Quintero Perez, Nora Patricia, Andrade-Villanueva, Jaime Federico, Crabtree Ramirez, Brenda Eloisa, Rijnders, Bart, den Hollander, Jan G, Handy, Rupert, Morales, Nilo Bonifacio, Hidalgo, Jose Alfredo, Infante, Rosa Mercedes, Matos Prado, Eduardo Demetrio, Campos, Pablo E, Ticona Chaves, Eduardo Romulo, Pinedo, Yvett, Pacheco, Patricia, Maltez, Fernando Manuel, Cunha, Jose, Neves, Isabel, Serrao, Rosario, Melendez-Rivera, Ivan, Mendoza-Rodriguez, Rafael O, Maldonado-Rivera, Sandra, Ortiz-Lasanta, Grisell, Kizhlo, Svetlana, Freud, Hernando Knobel, Moreno, Jose Sanz, Mendez, Francisco Vera, Mohapi, Lerato, Mitha, Essack Aziz, Mahomed, Akbar Anvar, Fouche, Leon Frederik, Kaplan, Richard, Siddique, Naeem, Hoosen, Farzana, Rassool, Mohammed Siddique, Baraldi, Ezio, Calmy, Alexandra, Cavassini, Matthias, Fehr, Jan, Tsai, Hung-Chin, Lin, Hsi-Hsun, Huang, Chun-Kai, Ko, Wen-Chien, Lin, Yu-Hui, Chen, Su-Jung, Hung, Chien-Ching, Avihingsanon, Anchalee, Kiertiburanakul, Sasisopin, Ratanasuwan, Winai, Supparatpinyo, Khuanchai, Chetchotisakd, Ploenchan, Changpradub, Dhitiwat, Orkin, Chloe, Fox, Ashini, Winston, Alan, Ustianowski, Andrew, Yangco, Bienvenido G, Asmuth, David Michael, Vigil, Karen J, Berger, Daniel S, Bhatti, Laveeza, Campbell, Thomas, Casey, Kathleen K, Liu, Edward, Crofoot, Gordon E, Cunningham, Douglas, Feinberg, Judith, Fichtenbaum, Carl, Balamban Felizarta, Franco Antonio, Jefferson, Thomas T, Johnson, Marc Alexander, Lewis, Stanley T, Luque, Amneris E, Novak, Richard M, Sloan, Louis, Sweet, Donna E, Towner, William J, Zane, Ryan, Riedel, David J, Loftus, Richard Anton, Shon, Alyssa So Young, Mogyoros, Miguel, Tebas, Pablo, Scott, Mia Louise, Parenti, David M, Inciarte Portillo, Alexy, Cahn, Pedro, Lombaard, Johannes, Kumar, Sushma, Campbell, Havilland, Wan, Hong, Teal, Valerie, Jin Xu, Zhi, Asante-Appiah, Ernest, Sklar, Peter, Teppler, Hedy, and Lahoulou, Rima

Published
2024
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13. The Effect of Reading Interventions with Special Education English Language Learners

Author

Joan Patricia Zangerle

Abstract

This case study investigated the effect of reading interventions on special education English language learner (ELL) students. This study implemented teaching intervention strategies to assist the study participants struggling with reading and comprehension skills. I observed these participants using reading interventions. The purpose of this qualitative case study was to research why many special education ELL students struggle to read in English and fall behind their native English-speaking peers. The target population for the study was students who speak Spanish and French Creole in Grades 8, 9, and 10, and it was conducted in a special education setting in a middle school and high school. The sampling method was stratified; it required placing participants to into subgroups. The data analysis method was a conceptual framework because it could show connections between concepts, ideas, and relationships in a research study manually, so the researcher used no software to assist in analyzing the research study. The researcher showed the participants the reciprocal reading intervention during the reading intervention sessions. The method of data collection used for this qualitative case study was reading benchmark assessments, reading session observations using reading interventions, and reciprocal intervention graphic organizers. The researcher then created codes based on the literature review in Section 2 and the transcripts from the data collection. There was an effect on the special education ELL students' reading and comprehension skills while using intervention strategies. The reading intervention strategies used with Spanish-speaking and French Creole-speaking students had similar results on their reading and comprehension skills. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://www.proquest.com/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]

Published
2022

14. Life expectancy after 2015 of adults with HIV on long-term antiretroviral therapy in Europe and North America: a collaborative analysis of cohort studies

Author

Trickey, Adam, Sabin, Caroline A, Burkholder, Greer, Crane, Heidi, d'Arminio Monforte, Antonella, Egger, Matthias, Gill, M John, Grabar, Sophie, Guest, Jodie L, Jarrin, Inma, Lampe, Fiona C, Obel, Niels, Reyes, Juliana M, Stephan, Christoph, Sterling, Timothy R, Teira, Ramon, Touloumi, Giota, Wasmuth, Jan-Christian, Wit, Ferdinand, Wittkop, Linda, Zangerle, Robert, Silverberg, Michael J, Justice, Amy, and Sterne, Jonathan A C

Published
2023
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15. Overview of PAN 2022: Authorship Verification, Profiling Irony and Stereotype Spreaders, Style Change Detection, and Trigger Detection : Extended Abstract

Author

Bevendorff, Janek, Chulvi, Berta, Fersini, Elisabetta, Heini, Annina, Kestemont, Mike, Kredens, Krzysztof, Mayerl, Maximilian, Ortega-Bueno, Reyner, Pęzik, Piotr, Potthast, Martin, Rangel, Francisco, Rosso, Paolo, Stamatatos, Efstathios, Stein, Benno, Wiegmann, Matti, Wolska, Magdalena, Zangerle, Eva, Goos, Gerhard, Founding Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Woeginger, Gerhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, Hagen, Matthias, editor, Verberne, Suzan, editor, Macdonald, Craig, editor, Seifert, Christin, editor, Balog, Krisztian, editor, Nørvåg, Kjetil, editor, and Setty, Vinay, editor

Published
2022
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17. Associations between integrase strand-transfer inhibitors and cardiovascular disease in people living with HIV: a multicentre prospective study from the RESPOND cohort consortium

Author

Neesgaard, Bastian, Greenberg, Lauren, Miró, Jose M, Grabmeier-Pfistershammer, Katharina, Wandeler, Gilles, Smith, Colette, De Wit, Stéphane, Wit, Ferdinand, Pelchen-Matthews, Annegret, Mussini, Cristina, Castagna, Antonella, Pradier, Christian, d'Arminio Monforte, Antonella, Vehreschild, Jörg J, Sönnerborg, Anders, Anne, Alain V, Carr, Andrew, Bansi-Matharu, Loveleen, Lundgren, Jens D, Garges, Harmony, Rogatto, Felipe, Zangerle, Robert, Günthard, Huldrych F, Rasmussen, Line D, Necsoi, Coca, van der Valk, Marc, Menozzi, Marianna, Muccini, Camilla, Peters, Lars, Mocroft, Amanda, and Ryom, Lene

Published
2022
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19. Overview of PAN 2021: Authorship Verification, Profiling Hate Speech Spreaders on Twitter, and Style Change Detection : Extended Abstract

Author

Bevendorff, Janek, Chulvi, BERTa, Sarracén, Gretel Liz De La Peña, Kestemont, Mike, Manjavacas, Enrique, Markov, Ilia, Mayerl, Maximilian, Potthast, Martin, Rangel, Francisco, Rosso, Paolo, Stamatatos, Efstathios, Stein, Benno, Wiegmann, Matti, Wolska, Magdalena, Zangerle, Eva, Goos, Gerhard, Founding Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Woeginger, Gerhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, Hiemstra, Djoerd, editor, Moens, Marie-Francine, editor, Mothe, Josiane, editor, Perego, Raffaele, editor, Potthast, Martin, editor, and Sebastiani, Fabrizio, editor

Published
2021
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21. Trends in Mortality in People With HIV From 1999 through 2020: A Multicohort Collaboration.

Author

Tusch, Erich, Ryom, Lene, Pelchen-Matthews, Annegret, Mocroft, Amanda, Elbirt, Daniel, Oprea, Cristiana, Günthard, Huldrych F, Staehelin, Cornelia, Zangerle, Robert, Suarez, Isabelle, Vehreschild, Jörg Janne, Wit, Ferdinand, Menozzi, Marianna, Monforte, Antonella d'Arminio, Spagnuolo, Vincenzo, Pradier, Christian, Carlander, Christina, Suanzes, Paula, Wasmuth, Jan-Christian, and Carr, Andrew

Subjects
HIV infection risk factors, MORTALITY, RISK assessment, POISSON distribution, VIROLOGY, SECONDARY analysis, RESEARCH funding, HIV-positive persons, HIV infections, CAUSES of death, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, MULTIVARIATE analysis, CONFIDENCE intervals, TUMORS, AIDS
Abstract

Background Mortality among people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) declined with the introduction of combination antiretroviral therapy. We investigated trends in mortality in people with HIV from 1999 through 2020. Methods Data were collected from the Data Collection on Adverse events of Anti-HIV Drugs (D:A:D) cohort between January 1999 through January 2015 and the International Cohort Consortium of Infectious Disease (RESPOND) from October 2017 through December 2020. Age-standardized all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates, classified using Coding Causes of Death in HIV, were calculated. Poisson models were used to assess mortality over time. Results Among 55 716 participants followed for median 6 years (interquartile range, 3–11), 5263 died (mortality rate [MR], 13.7/1000 person-years of follow-up [PYFU]; 95% confidence interval [CI], 13.4–14.1). Changing mortality was observed: AIDS mortality was most common between 1999–2009 (n = 952; MR, 4.2/1000 PYFU; 95% CI, 4.0–4.5) and non-AIDS–defining malignancy (NADM) between 2010–2020 (n = 444; MR, 2.8/1000 PYFU; 95% CI, 2.5–3.1). In multivariable analysis, all-cause mortality declined (adjusted mortality rate ratio [aMRR], 0.97 per year; 95% CI,.96–.98), mostly 1999–2010 (aMRR, 0.96 per year; 95% CI,.95–.97) but was stable 2011–2020 (aMRR, 1.00 per year; 95% CI,.96–1.05). Mortality due to all known causes except NADM also declined. Conclusions Mortality among people with HIV in the D:A:D and/or RESPOND cohorts declined between 1999–2009 and was stable over the period 2010–2020. This decline in mortality was not fully explained by improvements in immunologic–virologic status or other risk factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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22. Support the underground: characteristics of beyond-mainstream music listeners

Author

Dominik Kowald, Peter Muellner, Eva Zangerle, Christine Bauer, Markus Schedl, and Elisabeth Lex

Subjects
Music recommender systems, Acoustic features, Last.fm, Clustering, User modeling, Fairness, Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics, R858-859.7
Abstract

Abstract Music recommender systems have become an integral part of music streaming services such as Spotify and Last.fm to assist users navigating the extensive music collections offered by them. However, while music listeners interested in mainstream music are traditionally served well by music recommender systems, users interested in music beyond the mainstream (i.e., non-popular music) rarely receive relevant recommendations. In this paper, we study the characteristics of beyond-mainstream music and music listeners and analyze to what extent these characteristics impact the quality of music recommendations provided. Therefore, we create a novel dataset consisting of Last.fm listening histories of several thousand beyond-mainstream music listeners, which we enrich with additional metadata describing music tracks and music listeners. Our analysis of this dataset shows four subgroups within the group of beyond-mainstream music listeners that differ not only with respect to their preferred music but also with their demographic characteristics. Furthermore, we evaluate the quality of music recommendations that these subgroups are provided with four different recommendation algorithms where we find significant differences between the groups. Specifically, our results show a positive correlation between a subgroup’s openness towards music listened to by members of other subgroups and recommendation accuracy. We believe that our findings provide valuable insights for developing improved user models and recommendation approaches to better serve beyond-mainstream music listeners.

Published
2021
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25. Development of dendritic cells in the intestine

Author

Zangerle Murray, Tamsin Florencia Pamela

Subjects
616.07, Q Science (General)
Abstract

The intestinal tract is exposed to a large variety of antigens such as food proteins, commensal bacteria and pathogens and contains one of the largest arms of the immune system. The intestinal immune system has to discriminate between harmless and harmful antigens, inducing tolerance to harmless antigens and active immunity towards pathogens and other harmful materials. Dendritic cells (DC) in the mucosal lamina propria (LP) are central to this process, as they sample bacteria from the local environment and constitutively migrate to the draining mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN), where they present antigen to naïve T cells in order to direct an appropriate immune response. Despite their crucial role, understanding the function and phenotype of LP DC has been hampered by the fact that they share phenotypic markers with macrophages (mφ), which are the dominant population of mononuclear phagocyte (MP) in the LP. Recent work in our own and other laboratories has established gating strategies and phenotyping panels that allow precise discrimination between intestinal DC and mφ using the mφ specific markers CD64 and F4/80. In this way four bona fide DC subsets with distinct functions have been identified in adult LP based on their expression of CD11b and CD103 and a major aim of my project was to understand how these subsets might develop in the neonatal intestine. At the beginning of my PhD, the laboratory had used these new methods to show that signal regulatory protein α (SIRPα), an inhibitory receptor expressed by myeloid cells, was expressed by mφ and most DC in the intestine, except for those expressing CD103 alone. In addition, mice carrying a non-signalling mutation in SIRPα (SIRPα mt) had a selective reduction in CD103+CD11b+ DC, a subset which is unique to the intestinal LP. This was the basis for the initial experiments of my project, described in Chapter 3, where I investigated if the phenotype in SIRPα mt mice was intrinsic to haematopoietic cells or not. To explore this, I generated bone marrow (BM) chimeric mice by reconstituting irradiated WT mice with SIRPα mt BM, or SIRPα mt animals with WT BM. These experiments suggested that the defect in CD103+CD11b+ DC was not replicated in DC derived from BM of SIRPα origin. However as this seemed inconsistent with other data, I considered the possibility that 18 the phenotype may have been lost with age, as the BM chimeric mice were considerably older than those used in the original studies of SIRPα function. However a comparison of DC subsets in the intestine of WT and SIRPα mt mice as they aged provided no conclusive evidence to support this idea. As these experiments did show age-dependent effects on DC subsets, in Chapter 4, I went on to investigate how the DC populations appeared in the intestine and other tissues in the neonatal period. These experiments showed there were few CD103+CD11b+ DC present in the LP and migratory DC compartment of the MLN in the neonate and that as this population gradually increased in proportion with age, there was a reciprocal decrease in the relative proportion of CD103-CD11b+ DC. Interestingly, most of the changes in DC numbers in the intestine were found during the second or third week of life when the weaning process began. To validate my findings that there were few CD103+CD11b+ DC in the neonate and that this was not merely an absence of CD103 upregulation, I examined the expression of CD101 and Trem-1, markers that other work in the laboratory had suggested were specific to the CD103+CD11b+ DC lineage. My work showed that CD101 and Trem-1 were co- expressed by most CD103+CD11b+ DC in small intestine (SI) LP, as well as a small subset of CD103-CD11b+ DC in this tissue. Interestingly, Trem-1 was highly specific to the SI LP and migratory DC in the MLN, but absent from the colon and other tissues. CD101 expression was also only found on CD11b+ DC, but showed a less restricted pattern of distribution, being found in several tissues as well as the SI LP. The relative timing of their development suggested there might be a relationship between CD103+CD11b+ and CD103-CD11b+ DC and this was supported by microarray analysis. I hypothesised that the CD103-CD11b+ DC that co-expressed CD101 and Trem-1 may be the cells that developed into CD103+CD11b+ DC. To investigate this I analysed how CD101 and Trem-1 expression changed with age amongst the DC subsets in SI LP, colonic LP (CLP) and MLN. The proportion of CD101+Trem-1+ cells increased amongst CD103+CD11b+ DC in the SI LP and MLN with age, while amongst CD103+CD11b+ DC in the CLP this decreased. This was not the same in CD103-CD11b+ DC, where CD101 and Trem-1 expression was more varied with age in all tissues. CD101 and Trem-1 were not expressed to any great extent on CD103+CD11b- or CD103-CD11b- DC. The phenotypic development of the 19 intestinal DC subsets was paralleled by the gradual upregulation of CD103 expression, while the production of retinoic acid (RA), as assessed by the AldefluorTM assay, was low early in life and did not attain adult levels until after weaning. Thus DC in the neonatal intestine take some time to acquire the adult pattern of phenotypic subsets and are functionally immature compared with their adult counterparts. In Chapter 5, I used CD101 and Trem-1 to explore the ontogeny of intestinal DC subsets in CCR2-/- and SIRPα mt mice, both of which have selective defects in one particular group of DC. The selective defect seen amongst CD103+CD11b+ DC in adult SIRPα mt mice was more profound in mice at D7 and D14 of age, indicating that it may be intrinsic to this population and not highly dependent on environmental factors that change after birth. The expression of CD101 and Trem-1 by both CD103+CD11b+ and CD103-CD11b+ DC was reduced in SIRPα mt mice, again indicating that this entire lineage was affected by the lack of SIRPα signalling. However there was also a generalised defect in the numbers of all DC subsets in many tissues from early in life, suggesting there was compromised development, recruitment or survival of DC in the absence of SIRPα signalling. In contrast to the findings in SIRPα mt mice, more CD103+CD11b+ DC co-expressed CD101 and Trem-1 in CCR2-/- mice, while there were no differences in the expression of these molecules amongst CD103-CD11b+ DC. This may suggest that CCR2+ CD103-CD11b+ DC are not the cells that express CD101 and Trem-1 that are predicted to be the direct precursors of CD103+CD11b+ DC. I also examined the expression of DC growth factor receptors on DC subsets from mice of different ages, but no clear age or subset- related patterns of the expression of mRNA for Csf2ra, Irf4, Tgfbr1 and Rara could be observed. Next, I investigated whether Trem-1 played any role in DC development. Preliminary experiments in Trem-1-/- mice show no differences between any of the DC subsets, nor were there any selective effects on individual subsets when DC development from Trem-1-/- KO and WT BM was compared in competitive chimeras. However these experiments were difficult to interpret due to viability problems and because I found an unexpected defect in the ability of Trem-1-/- BM to generate all DC, irrespective of whether they expressed Trem-1 or not. 20 The final experiments I carried out were to examine the role of the microbiota in driving the differentiation of intestinal DC subsets, based on the hypothesis that this could be one of the environmental factors that might influence events in the developing intestine. To this end I performed experiments in both antibiotic treated and germ free adult mice, both of which showed no significant phenotypic differences amongst any of the DC subsets. However the study of germ free mice was compromised by recent contamination of the colony and may not be the conclusive answer. Together the data in this thesis have shown that the population of CD103+CD11b+ DC, which is unique to the intestine, is not present at birth. These cells gradually increase in frequency over time and as this occurs there is a reciprocal decrease in the frequency of CD103-CD11b+ DC. Along with other results, this leads to the idea that there may be a linear developmental pathway from CD103-CD11b+ DC to CD103+CD11b+ DC that is driven by non-microbial factors that are located preferentially in the small intestine. My project indicates that markers such as CD101 and Trem-1 may assist the dissection of this process and highlights the importance of the neonatal period for these events.

Published
2016

26. Doravirine versus ritonavir-boosted darunavir in antiretroviral-naive adults with HIV-1 (DRIVE-FORWARD): 96-week results of a randomised, double-blind, non-inferiority, phase 3 trial

Author

Hagins, Debbie P., Osiyemi, Olayemi O., Prelutsky, David James, Ramgopal, Moti N., Scarsella, Anthony John, Dretler, Robin, DeJesus, Edwin, Bettacchi, Christopher J., Sims, James, III, Clay, Patrick G., Bellos, Nicholaos C., Thompson, Melanie A., Montero, Jose, McDonald, Cheryl K., Creticos, Catherine, Shamblaw, David, Mogyoros, Miguel, Terrelonge, Antonio E., Valdes, Martin, Tashima, Karen T., Robbins, William J., Felizarta, Franco Antonio, Elion, Richard A., Slim, Jihad, Win, Sandra S., Lalla-Reddy, Sujata N., Ruane, Peter Jerome, Mills, Anthony, Cade, Jerry L., Dietz, Craig A., Rubin, David Scott, Mayer, Cynthia, Rondon, Juan Carlos, Cook, Paul P., Daar, Eric, Kumar, Princy N., Swindells, Susan, Castro, Jose Guillermo, Melendez-Rivera, Ivan, Morales-Ramirez, Javier O., Santiago, Lizette, Santana-Bagur, Jorge L., Martins, Marcelo, Cahn, Pedro Enrique, Lopardo, Gustavo D., Porteiro, Norma, Bloch, Mark Theo, Baker, David Alfred, Roth, Norman, Moore, Richard James, Finlayson, Robert James, McMahon, James, Rieger, Armin, Zoufaly, Alexander, Hartl, Sylvia, Zangerle, Robert, Smaill, Fiona, Walmsley, Sharon L., Conway, Brian, Rachlis, Anita, Smith, Graham H.R., Perez, Carlos, Afani, Alejandro, Campos, Maria Isabel, Chahin, Carolina Eugenia, Wolff Reyes, Marcelo, Gerstoft, Jan, Weis, Nina, Laursen, Alex Lund, Molina, Jean-Michel, Yazdanpanah, Yazdan, Cotte, Laurent, Raffi, Francois, Morlat, Philippe, Girard, Pierre-Marie, Katlama, Christine, Rockstroh, Juergen K., Arasteh, Keikawus, Esser, Stefan, Stoehr, Albrecht, Stellbrink, Hans-Juergen, Stoll, Matthias, Schuermann, Dirk, Faetkenheuer, Gerd, Bogner, Johannes, Lutz, Thomas, Baumgarten, Axel, Jaeger, Hans, Gori, Andrea, Coltan, Gabriel, Constandis, Felicia, Erscoiu, Simona Manuela, Prisacariu, Liviu-Jany, Rugina, Sorin, Streinu-Cercel, Adrian, Pokrovsky, Vadim Valentinovich, Zakharova, Natalia V., Shuldyakov, Andrey Anatolyevich, Ryamova, Elena Pavlovna, Kulagin, Valeriy Viktorovich, Tsybakova, Olga Aleksandrovna, Orlova-Morozova, Elena, Nagimova, Firaya, Voronin, Evgeniy, Shimonova, Tatyana Evgenyevna, Kozyrev, Oleg Anatolyevich, Orrell, Catherine, Lombaard, Johannes Jurgens, de Jager, Marleen, Portilla Segorb, Joaquin, Mallolas, Josep, Perez Elias, Maria Jesus, Gatell, Josep M., Arribas Lopez, Jose Ramon, Negredo Puigmal, Eugenia, Podzamczer Palter, Daniel, Pulido Ortega, Federico, Troya Garcia, Jesus, De los Santos Gil, Ignacio, Berenguer Berenguer, Juan, Williams, Ian G., Johnson, Margaret A., Schembri, Gabriel, Clarke, Amanda, Gompels, Mark, Fox, Julie Meriel, Taylor, Steven John, Dockrell, David Harold, Kegg, Stephen, Squires, Kathleen, Sax, Paul E, Cahn, Pedro, Lombaard, Johan, Lai, Ming-Tain, Rodgers, Anthony, Lupinacci, Lisa, Kumar, Sushma, Sklar, Peter, Hanna, George J, Hwang, Carey, and Martin, Elizabeth Anne

Published
2020
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27. Similar But Different: Integrated Phylogenetic Analysis of Austrian and Swiss HIV-1 Sequences Reveal Differences in Transmission Patterns of the Local HIV-1 Epidemics

Author

Kusejko, Katharina, Tschumi, Nadine, Chaudron, Sandra E., Nguyen, Huyen, Battegay, Manuel, Bernasconi, Enos, Böni, Jürg, Huber, Michael, Calmy, Alexandra, Cavassini, Matthias, Egle, Alexander, Grabmeier-Pfistershammer, Katharina, Haas, Bernhard, Hirsch, Hans, Klimkait, Thomas, Öllinger, Angela, Perreau, Matthieu, Ramette, Alban, Flury, Baharak Babouee, Sarcletti, Mario, Scherrer, Alexandra, Schmid, Patrick, Yerly, Sabine, Zangerle, Robert, Günthard, Huldrych F., and Kouyos, Roger D.

Published
2022
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30. Learning and the 'change enterprise': inclusion and ambivalences in an educational action research and development project.

Author

Zangerle, Katharina

Subjects
ACTION research in education, COLLABORATIVE learning, EDUCATIONAL outcomes, SOCIAL groups, SOCIAL change
Abstract

Educational action research in development projects applies participative methods to include people with diverse backgrounds, experiencing learning collaboratively. In this article, I explore the learning activities, and their outcomes, unfolding in those settings. Based on project documents, 34 interviews with project staff and smallholder farmers, and participant observations for three months in Nepal, I analyse the action research and development project 'Strengthening Adaptive Farming in Bangladesh, India and Nepal' (SAF-BIN), and show how inclusive activities allow for critical reflection, individual experience, and dialogue. I find dialectics in this process of adjustment, such as resistant social and cultural arrangements that are activated. The inclusion of specific social groups, for example, goes along with exclusionary dynamics. This case illustrates that inclusion and action research can be conceptualised at least threefold: from a dialectical, institutional, and learning perspective. I conclude that action research in development provides a fruitful basis for learning, allows for legitimacy, and temporarily leads to social change at a micro-level, for better or worse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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31. Chronic Liver Enzyme Elevation and Use of Contemporary ARVs Among People With HIV.

Author

Roen, Ashley O, Peters, Lars, Wandeler, Gilles, van der Valk, Marc, Zangerle, Robert, Günthard, Huldrych F, Wit, Ferdinand, Mussini, Cristina, Wit, Stéphane De, Monforte, Antonella d'Arminio, Vehreschild, Jörg Janne, Castagna, Antonella, Jaschinski, Nadine, Vannappagari, Vani, Chen, Linda, Tallada, Joan, C'mar, John, Mocroft, Amanda, and Ryom, Lene

Subjects
LIVER enzymes, HIV-positive persons, NON-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, POISSON regression, ANTIRETROVIRAL agents
Abstract

Background While use of some older antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) is associated with chronic liver enzyme elevation (cLEE), the impact of newer ARVs remains unknown. Methods People with HIV enrolled in the RESPOND cohort who started an ARV after January 1, 2012 were included (baseline). The primary outcome was first cLEE individuals were censored at first of cLEE, last visit, death, or December 31, 2021. Incidence rates (IRs; events/1000 person-years) were calculated for each ARV overall and by ARV exposure (6–12 months, 1–2 years, and 2+ years). Poisson regression was used to estimate the incidence rate ratio (IRR) of cLEE and its association with individual ARVs and ARV class. Results Of 17 106 individuals included contributing 87 924 person-years of follow-up, 1932 (11.3%) experienced cLEE (incidence rate [IR], 22.0; 95% CI, 21.0–23.0). There was no evidence of a cumulative ARV effect on cLEE incidence, (6–12 months: IR, 45.8; 95% CI, 41.4–50.19; 1–2 years: IR, 34.3; 95% CI, 31.5–37.4; and 2+ years: IR, 18.5; 95% CI, 17.4–19.7). Any use (vs no prior use) of non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) as a class and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) was independently associated with an increased IRR of cLEE, and any use of darunavir (DRV) was associated with a decreased risk of cLEE. Conclusions cLEE is common and more frequent during the first year after initiating new ARVs. With a >5-year median follow-up, we found no short-term liver safety concerns with the use of INSTIs. Use of NNRTIs and TDF was associated with an increased cLEE risk, while DRV was associated with lower risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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35. Doravirine versus ritonavir-boosted darunavir in antiretroviral-naive adults with HIV-1 (DRIVE-FORWARD): 48-week results of a randomised, double-blind, phase 3, non-inferiority trial

Author

Martins, Marcelo, Cahn, Pedro Enrique, Lopardo, Gustavo D., Porteiro, Norma, Bloch, Mark Theo, Baker, David Alfred, Roth, Norman, Moore, Richard James, Finlayson, Robert James, McMahon, James, Rieger, Armin, Zoufaly, Alexander, Hartl, Sylvia, Zangerle, Robert, Smaill, Fiona, Walmsley, Sharon L., Conway, Brian, Rachlis, Anita, Smith, Graham H.R., Perez, Carlos, Afani, Alejandro, Campos Barker, Maria Isabel E., Chahin, Carolina Eugenia, Wolff Reyes, Marcelo, Gerstoft, Jan, Weis, Nina, Laursen, Alex Lund, Molina, Jean-Michel, Yazdanpanah, Yazdan, Cotte, Laurent, Raffi, Francois, Morlat, Philippe, Girard, Pierre-Marie, Katlama, Christine, Rockstroh, Juergen K., Arasteh, Keikawus, Esser, Stefan, Stoehr, Albrecht, Stellbrink, Hans-Juergen, Stoll, Matthias, Schuermann, Dirk, Faetkenheuer, Gerd, Bogner, Johannes, Lutz, Thomas, Baumgarten, Axel, Jaeger, Hans, Gori, Andrea, Coltan, Gabriel, Constandis, Felicia, Erscoiu, Simona Manuela, Prisacariu, Liviu-Jany, Rugina, Sorin, Streinu-Cercel, Adrian, Pokrovsky, Vadim Valentinovich, Zakharova, Natalia V., Shuldyakov, Andrey Anatolyevich, Ryamova, Elena Pavlovna, Kulagin, Valeriy Viktorovich, Tsybakova, Olga Aleksandrovna, Orlova-Morozova, Elena, Nagimova, Firaya, Voronin, Evgeniy, Shimonova, Tatyana Evgenyevna, Kozyrev, Oleg Anatolyevich, Orrell, Catherine, Lombaard, Johannes Jurgens, Botes, Margaretha Elizabeth, Portilla, Joaquin, Gatell, Josep Maria, Perez, Maria Jesus, Arribas, Jose Ramon, Negredo, Eugenia, Podzamczer, Daniel, Pulido, Federico, Troya, Jesus, De los Santos, Ignacio, Berenguer, Juan, Williams, Ian G., Johnson, Margaret A., Schembri, Gabriel, Clarke, Amanda, Gompels, Mark, Fox, Julie Meriel, Taylor, Steven John, Kegg, Stephen, Hagins, Debbie P., Osiyemi, Olayemi O., Prelutsky, David James, Ramgopal, Moti N., Dretler, Robin, DeJesus, Edwin, Sloan, Louis, Lewis, Stanley T., Clay, Patrick G., Bellos, Nicholaos C., Thompson, Melanie A., Montero, Jose, McDonald, Cheryl K., Creticos, Catherine, Shamblaw, David, Terrelonge, Antonio E., Valdes, Martin, Tashima, Karen T., Robbins, William J., Felizarta, Franco Antonio, Elion, Richard A., Slim, Jihad, Lalezari, Jacob Paul, Lalla-Reddy, Sujata N., Ruane, Peter Jerome, Mills, Anthony, Cade, Jerry L., Campo, Rafael E., Dietz, Craig A., Blick, Gary, Mayer, Cynthia, Rondon, Juan Carlos, Cook, Paul P., Daar, Eric, Kumar, Princy N., Swindells, Susan, Castro, Jose Guillermo, Morales-Ramirez, Javier O., Santiago, Lizette, Santana-Bagur, Jorge L., Squires, Kathleen, Sax, Paul E, Cahn, Pedro, Lombaard, Johan, Lai, Ming-Tain, Xu, Xia, Rodgers, Anthony, Lupinacci, Lisa, Kumar, Sushma, Sklar, Peter, Nguyen, Bach-Yen, Hanna, George J, and Hwang, Carey

Published
2018
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36. Recent abacavir use and incident cardiovascular disease in contemporary-treated people with HIV

Author

Nadine Jaschinski, Lauren Greenberg, Bastian Neesgaard, Jose M. Miró, Katharina Grabmeier-Pfistershammer, Gilles Wandeler, Colette Smith, Stéphane De Wit, Ferdinand Wit, Annegret Pelchen-Matthews, Cristina Mussini, Antonella Castagna, Christian Pradier, Antonella d’Arminio Monforte, Jörg Vehreschild, Anders Sönnerborg, Alain V. Anne, Andrew Carr, Loveleen Bansi-Matharu, Jens Lundgren, Harmony Garges, Felipe Rogatto, Robert Zangerle, Huldrych F. Günthard, Line D. Rasmussen, Coca Nescoi, Marc Van Der Valk, Marianna Menozzi, Camilla Muccini, Amanda Mocroft, Lars Peters, Lene Ryom, Infectious diseases, and AII - Infectious diseases

Subjects
Infectious Diseases, cardiovascular disease, Immunology, abacavir, antiretroviral therapy, Immunology and Allergy, 610 Medicine & health, antiretroviral drugs
Abstract

OBJECTIVE Assessing whether the previously reported association between abacavir (ABC) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) remained amongst contemporarily treated people living with HIV (PLWH). DESIGN Multinational cohort collaboration. METHODS RESPOND participants were followed from latest of 01/01/2012 or cohort enrolment until the first of a CVD event (myocardial infarction [MI], stroke, invasive cardiovascular procedure [ICP]), last follow-up or 31/12/2019. Logistic regression examined odds of starting ABC by 5-year CVD or chronic kidney disease (CKD) D:A:D risk score. We assessed associations between recent ABC use (use within past six months) and risk of CVD with negative binomial regression models, adjusted for potential confounders. RESULTS Of 29,340 individuals, 34% recently used ABC. Compared to those at low estimated CVD and CKD risks, the odds of starting ABC were significantly higher among individuals at high CKD risk (odds ratio 1.12 [95% confidence interval, 1.04-1.21]) and significantly lower for individuals at moderate, high or very high CVD risk (0.80 [0.72-0.88], 0.75 [0.64-0.87], 0.71 [0.56-0.90], respectively). During 6.2 years median follow-up (interquartile range; 3.87-7.52), there were 748 CVD events (incidence rate [IR] 4.7/1000 persons-years of follow up [4.3-5.0]). The adjusted CVD IR ratio was higher for individuals with recent ABC use (1.40 [1.20-1.64]) compared to individuals without, consistent across sensitivity analyses. The association did not differ according to estimated CVD (interaction p = 0.56) or CKD (p = 0.98) risk strata. CONCLUSION Within RESPOND's contemporarily treated population, a significant association between CVD incidence and recent ABC use was confirmed and not explained by preferential ABC use in individuals at increased CVD or CKD risk.

Published
2023
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37. HIV-1 molecular transmission clusters in nine European countries and Canada: association with demographic and clinical factors

Author

Dimitrios Paraskevis, Apostolos Beloukas, Kostantinos Stasinos, Nikos Pantazis, Carmen de Mendoza, Norbert Bannert, Laurence Meyer, Robert Zangerle, John Gill, Maria Prins, Antonella d’Arminio Montforte, Anne-Marte Bakken Kran, Kholoud Porter, Giota Touloumi, and on behalf of the CASCADE collaboration of EuroCoord

Subjects
Transmission networks, Regional epidemics, Phylogenies, Clusters, HIV epidemic, HIV, Medicine
Abstract

Abstract Background Knowledge of HIV-1 molecular transmission clusters (MTCs) is important, especially in large-scale datasets, for designing prevention programmes and public health intervention strategies. We used a large-scale HIV-1 sequence dataset from nine European HIV cohorts and one Canadian, to identify MTCs and investigate factors associated with the probability of belonging to MTCs. Methods To identify MTCs, we applied maximum likelihood inferences on partial pol sequences from 8955 HIV-positive individuals linked to demographic and clinical data. MTCs were defined using two different criteria: clusters with bootstrap support >75% (phylogenetic confidence criterion) and clusters consisting of sequences from a specific region at a proportion of >75% (geographic criterion) compared to the total number of sequences within the network. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to assess factors associated with MTC clustering. Results Although 3700 (41%) sequences belonged to MTCs, proportions differed substantially by country and subtype, ranging from 7% among UK subtype C sequences to 63% among German subtype B sequences. The probability of belonging to an MTC was independently less likely for women than men (OR = 0.66; P < 0.001), older individuals (OR = 0.79 per 10-year increase in age; P < 0.001) and people of non-white ethnicity (OR = 0.44; P < 0.001 and OR = 0.70; P = 0.002 for black and ‘other’ versus white, respectively). It was also more likely among men who have sex with men (MSM) than other risk groups (OR = 0.62; P < 0.001 and OR = 0.69; P = 0.002 for people who inject drugs, and sex between men and women, respectively), subtype B (ORs 0.36–0.70 for A, C, CRF01 and CRF02 versus B; all P < 0.05), having a well-estimated date of seroconversion (OR = 1.44; P < 0.001), a later calendar year of sampling (ORs 2.01–2.61 for all post-2002 periods versus pre-2002; all P < 0.01), and being naïve to antiretroviral therapy at sampling (OR = 1.19; P = 0.010). Conclusions A high proportion (>40%) of individuals belonged to MTCs. Notably, the HIV epidemic dispersal appears to be driven by subtype B viruses spread within MSM networks. Expansion of regional epidemics seems mainly associated with recent MTCs, rather than the growth of older, established ones. This information is important for designing prevention and public health intervention strategies.

Published
2019
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38. User Models for Culture-Aware Music Recommendation: Fusing Acoustic and Cultural Cues

Author

Eva Zangerle, Martin Pichl, and Markus Schedl

Subjects
user modeling, context-aware recommender systems, music-cultural user model, culture-aware recommender systems, Information technology, T58.5-58.64, Music, M1-5000
Abstract

Integrating information about the listener’s cultural background when building music recommender systems has recently been identified as a means to improve recommendation quality. In this article, we, therefore, propose a novel approach to jointly model users by their 'musical preferences' and 'cultural backgrounds'. We describe the musical preferences of users by the acoustic features of the songs the users have listened to and characterize the cultural background of users by culture-related socio-economic features that we infer from the user’s country. To evaluate the impact of the proposed user model on recommendation quality, we integrate the model into a 'culture-aware recommender system'. By analyzing a dataset comprising approximately 400 million listening events of about 55,000 users from 36 countries, we show that incorporating both acoustic information of the tracks a user has listened to as well as the cultural background of users in the form of a 'music-cultural user model' contributes to improved recommendation performance. Furthermore, we provide a systematic analysis of the influence of different features on the quality of the provided culture-aware track recommendations. We find that considering acoustic features that model the characteristics of tracks and a user’s musical preferences have the highest impact on recommendation performance. However, adding socio-economic features allows further improving the recommendation quality. In addition, we identify interesting correlations between acoustic characteristics of music preferences and cultural features of populations at the country level.

Published
2020
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39. Evaluating the Impact of Functional Genetic Variation on HIV-1 Control

Author

McLaren, Paul J., Pulit, Sara L., Gurdasani, Deepti, Bartha, Istvan, Shea, Patrick R., Pomilla, Cristina, Gupta, Namrata, Gkrania-Klotsas, Effrossyni, Young, Elizabeth H., Bannert, Norbert, Del Amo, Julia, Gill, M John, Gilmour, Jill, Kellam, Paul, Kelleher, Anthony D., Sönnerborg, Anders, Zangerle, Robert, Post, Frank A., Fisher, Martin, Haas, David W., Walker, Bruce D., Porter, Kholoud, Goldstein, David B., Sandhu, Manjinder S., de Bakker, Paul I.W., and Fellay, Jacques

Published
2017

40. CD4:CD8 Ratio and CD8 Count as Prognostic Markers for Mortality in Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Infected Patients on Antiretroviral Therapy: The Antiretroviral Therapy Cohort Collaboration (ART-CC)

Author

Antiretroviral Therapy Cohort Collaboration (ART-CC), Trickey, Adam, May, Margaret T., Schommers, Philipp, Tate, Jan, Ingle, Suzanne M., Guest, Jodie L., Gill, M. John, Zangerle, Robert, Saag, Mike, Reiss, Peter, Monforte, Antonella d'Arminio, Johnson, Margaret, Lima, Viviane D., Sterling, Tim R., Cavassini, Matthias, Wittkop, Linda, Costagliola, Dominique, and Sterne, Jonathan A. C.

Published
2017

41. The Human Immunodeficiency Virus Continuum of Care in European Union Countries in 2013: Data and Challenges

Author

European HIV Continuum of Care Working Group, Gourlay, Annabelle, Noori, Teymur, Pharris, Anastasia, Axelsson, Maria, Costagliola, Dominique, Cowan, Susan, Croxford, Sara, Monforte, Antonella d'Arminio, del Amo, Julia, Delpech, Valerie, Díaz, Asunción, Girardi, Enrico, Gunsenheimer-Bartmeyer, Barbara, Hernando, Victoria, Jose, Sophie, Leierer, Gisela, Nikolopoulos, Georgios, Obel, Niels, de Coul, Eline Op, Paraskeva, Dimitra, Reiss, Peter, Sabin, Caroline, Sasse, André, Schmid, Daniela, Sonnerborg, Anders, Spina, Alexander, Suligoi, Barbara, Supervie, Virginie, Touloumi, Giota, Van Beckhoven, Dominique, van Sighem, Ard, Vourli, Georgia, Zangerle, Robert, and Porter, Kholoud

Published
2017

43. Survival of HIV-positive patients starting antiretroviral therapy between 1996 and 2013: a collaborative analysis of cohort studies

Author

Trickey, Adam, May, Margaret T, Vehreschild, Jorg-Janne, Obel, Niels, Gill, M John, Crane, Heidi M, Boesecke, Christoph, Patterson, Sophie, Grabar, Sophie, Cazanave, Charles, Cavassini, Matthias, Shepherd, Leah, Monforte, Antonella d'Arminio, van Sighem, Ard, Saag, Mike, Lampe, Fiona, Hernando, Vicky, Montero, Marta, Zangerle, Robert, Justice, Amy C, Sterling, Timothy, Ingle, Suzanne M, and Sterne, Jonathan A C

Published
2017
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45. Measures of Longitudinal Immune Dysfunction and Risk of AIDS and Non-AIDS Defining Malignancies in Antiretroviral-Treated People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus.

Author

Chammartin, Frédérique, Mocroft, Amanda, Egle, Alexander, Zangerle, Robert, Smith, Colette, Mussini, Cristina, Wit, Ferdinand, Vehreschild, Jörg Janne, Monforte, Antonella d'Arminio, Castagna, Antonella, Bailly, Laurent, Bogner, Johannes, Wit, Stéphane de, Matulionyte, Raimonda, Law, Matthew, Svedhem, Veronica, Tallada, Joan, Garges, Harmony P, Marongiu, Andrea, and Borges, Álvaro H

Subjects
RISK assessment, ANTIRETROVIRAL agents, T cells, VIRAL load, RESEARCH funding, CD4 lymphocyte count, SCIENTIFIC observation, HIV infections, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, PSYCHOLOGY of HIV-positive persons, TUMORS, CONFIDENCE intervals, AIDS, PROPORTIONAL hazards models, DISEASE complications
Abstract

Background Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection leads to chronic immune activation/inflammation that can persist in virally suppressed persons on fully active antiretroviral therapy (ART) and increase risk of malignancies. The prognostic role of low CD4:CD8 ratio and elevated CD8 cell counts on the risk of cancer remains unclear. Methods We investigated the association of CD4:CD8 ratio on the hazard of non-AIDS defining malignancy (NADM), AIDS-defining malignancy (ADM) and most frequent group of cancers in ART-treated people with HIV (PWH) with a CD4 and CD8 cell counts and viral load measurements at baseline. We developed Cox proportional hazard models with adjustment for known confounders of cancer risk and time-dependent cumulative and lagged exposures of CD4:CD8 ratio to account for time-evolving risk factors and avoid reverse causality. Results CD4:CD8 ratios below 0.5, compared to above 1.0, were independently associated with a 12-month time-lagged higher risk of ADM and infection-related malignancies (adjusted hazard ratio 2.61 [95% confidence interval {CI }1.10–6.19] and 2.03 [95% CI 1.24–3.33], respectively). CD4 cell counts below 350 cells/μL were associated with an increased risk of NADMs and ADMs, as did infection, smoking, and body mass index-related malignancies. Conclusions In ART-treated PWH low CD4:CD8 ratios were associated with ADM and infection-related cancers independently from CD4 and CD8 cell counts and may alert clinicians for cancer screening and prevention of NADM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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48. On-going Mechanical Damage from Mastication Drives Homeostatic Th17 Cell Responses at the Oral Barrier

Author

Dutzan, Nicolas, Abusleme, Loreto, Bridgeman, Hayley, Greenwell-Wild, Teresa, Zangerle-Murray, Tamsin, Fife, Mark E., Bouladoux, Nicolas, Linley, Holly, Brenchley, Laurie, Wemyss, Kelly, Calderon, Gloria, Hong, Bo-Young, Break, Timothy J., Bowdish, Dawn M.E., Lionakis, Michail S., Jones, Simon A., Trinchieri, Giorgio, Diaz, Patricia I., Belkaid, Yasmine, Konkel, Joanne E., and Moutsopoulos, Niki M.

Published
2017
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49. Risk for non-AIDS-defining and AIDS-defining cancer of early versus delayed initiation of antiretroviral therapy

Author

Chammartin, F., Lodi, S., Logan, R., Ryom, L., Mocroft, A., Kirk, O., D'Arminio Monforte, A., Reiss, P., Phillips, A., El-Sadr, W., Hatleberg, C. I., Pradier, C., Bonnet, F., Law, M., De Wit, S., Sabin, C., Lundgren, J. D., Bucher, H. C., Calvo, G., Dabis, F., Morfeldt, L., Weber, R., Lind-Thomsen, A., Salbol Brandt, R., Hillebreght, M., Zaheri, S., Wit, F. W. N. M., Scherrer, A., Schoni-Affolter, F., Rickenbach, M., Tavelli, A., Fanti, I., Leleux, O., Mourali, J., Le Marec, F., Boerg, E., Thulin, E., Sundstrom, A., Bartsch, G., Thompsen, G., Necsoi, C., Delforge, M., Fontas, E., Caissotti, C., Dollet, K., Mateu, S., Torres, F., Petoumenos, K., Blance, A., Huang, R., Puhr, R., Gronborg Laut, K., Kristensen, D., Kamara, D. A., Smith, C. J., Raben, D., Matthews, C., Bojesen, A., Grevsen, A. L., Powderly, B., Shortman, N., Moecklinghoff, C., Reilly, G., Smit, C., Ross, M., Fux, C. A., Morlat, P., Friis-Moller, N., Kowalska, J., Bohlius, J., Bower, M., Fatkenheuer, G., Grulich, A., Sjol, A., Meidahl, P., Iversen, J. S., Hillebregt, M., Prins, J. M., Kuijpers, T. W., Scherpbier, H. J., Van Der Meer, J. T. M., Godfried, M. H., Van Der Poll, T., Nellen, F. J. B., Geerlings, S. E., Van Vugt, M., Pajkrt, D., Bos, J. C., Wiersinga, W. J., Van Der Valk, M., Goorhuis, A., Hovius, J. W., Van Eden, J., Henderiks, A., Van Hes, A. M. H., Mutschelknauss, M., Nobel, H. E., Pijnappel, F. J. J., Jurriaans, S., Back, N. K. T., Zaaijer, H. L., Berkhout, B., Cornelissen, M. T. E., Schinkel, C. J., Thomas, X. V., Van Den Berge, M., Stegeman, A., Baas, S., Hage De Looff, L., Versteeg, D., Pronk, M. J. H., Ammerlaan, H. S. M., de Munnik, E. S., Jansz, A. R., Tjhie, J., Wegdam, M. C. A., Deiman, B., Scharnhorst, V., Van Der Plas, A., Weijsenfeld, A. M., Van Der Ende, M. E., de Vries-Sluijs, T. E. M. S., van Gorp, E. C. M., Schurink, C. A. M., Nouwen, J. L., Verbon, A., Rijnders, B. J. A., Bax, H. I., Van Der Feltz, M., Bassant, N., Van Beek, J. E. A., Vriesde, M., Van Zonneveld, L. M., De Oude-Lubbers, A., Van Den Berg-Cameron, H. J., Bruinsma-Broekman, F. B., de Groot, J., De Zeeuw-De Man, M., Boucher, C. A. B., Koopmans, M. P. G., van Kampen, J. J. A., Pas, S. D., Driessen, G. J. A., van Rossum, A. M. C., Van Der Knaap, L. C., Visser, E., Branger, J., Rijkeboer-Mes, A., Duijf-Van De Ven, C. J. H. M., Schippers, E. F., van Nieuwkoop, C., van IJperen, J. M., Geilings, J., van der Hut, G., Franck, P. F. H., Van Eeden, A., Brokking, W., Groot, M., Elsenburg, L. J. M., Damen, M., Kwa, I. S., Groeneveld, P. H. P., Bouwhuis, J. W., Van Den Berg, J. F., Van Hulzen, A. G. W., Van Der Bliek, G. L., Bor, P. C. J., Bloembergen, P., Wolfhagen, M. J. H. M., Ruijs, G. J. H. M., Kroon, F. P., De Boer, M. G. J., Bauer, M. P., Jolink, H., Vollaard, A. M., Dorama, W., Van Holten, N., Claas, E. C. J., Wessels, E., Den Hollander, J. G., Pogany, K., Roukens, A., Kastelijns, M., Smit, J. V., Smit, E., Struik-Kalkman, D., Tearno, C., Bezemer, M., van Niekerk, T., Pontesilli, O., Lowe, S. H., Oude Lashof, A. M. L., Posthouwer, D., Ackens, R. P., Schippers, J., Vergoossen, R., Weijenberg-Maes, B., van Loo, I. H. M., Havenith, T. R. A., Leyten, E. M. S., Gelinck, L. B. S., van Hartingsveld, A., Meerkerk, C., Wildenbeest, G. S., Mutsaers, J. A. E. M., Jansen, C. L., Mulder, J. W., Vrouenraets, S. M. E., Lauw, F. N., van Broekhuizen, M. C., Paap, H., Vlasblom, D. J., Smits, P. H. M., Weijer, S., El Moussaoui, R., Bosma, A. S., van Vonderen, M. G. A., van Houte, D. P. F., Kampschreur, L. M., Dijkstra, K., Faber, S., Weel, J., Kootstra, G. J., Delsing, C. E., van der Burg-Van de Plas, M., Heins, H., Lucas, E., Kortmann, W., van Twillert, G., Cohen Stuart, J. W. T., Diederen, B. M. W., van Truijen-Oud, F. A., van der Reijden, W. A., Jansen, R., Brinkman, K., van den Berk, G. E. L., Blok, W. L., Frissen, P. H. 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N., Van Beek J.E.A., Vriesde M., Van Zonneveld L.M., De Oude-Lubbers A., Van Den Berg-Cameron H.J., Bruinsma-Broekman F.B., de Groot J., De Zeeuw-De Man M., Boucher C.A.B., Koopmans M.P.G., van Kampen J.J.A., Pas S.D., Driessen G.J.A., van Rossum A.M.C., Van Der Knaap L.C., Visser E., Branger J., Rijkeboer-Mes A., Duijf-Van De Ven C.J.H.M., Schippers E.F., van Nieuwkoop C., van IJperen J.M., Geilings J., van der Hut G., Franck P.F.H., Van Eeden A., Brokking W., Groot M., Elsenburg L.J.M., Damen M., Kwa I.S., Groeneveld P.H.P., Bouwhuis J.W., Van Den Berg J.F., Van Hulzen A.G.W., Van Der Bliek G.L., Bor P.C.J., Bloembergen P., Wolfhagen M.J.H.M., Ruijs G.J.H.M., Kroon F.P., De Boer M.G.J., Bauer M.P., Jolink H., Vollaard A.M., Dorama W., Van Holten N., Claas E.C.J., Wessels E., Den Hollander J.G., Pogany K., Roukens A., Kastelijns M., Smit J.V., Smit E., Struik-Kalkman D., Tearno C., Bezemer M., van Niekerk T., Pontesilli O., Lowe S.H., Oude Lashof A.M.L., Posthouwer D., Ackens R.P., Schippers J., Vergoossen R., Weijenberg-Maes B., van Loo I.H.M., Havenith T.R.A., Leyten E.M.S., Gelinck L.B.S., van Hartingsveld A., Meerkerk C., Wildenbeest G.S., Mutsaers J.A.E.M., Jansen C.L., Mulder J.W., Vrouenraets S.M.E., Lauw F.N., van Broekhuizen M.C., Paap H., Vlasblom D.J., Smits P.H.M., Weijer S., El Moussaoui R., Bosma A.S., van Vonderen M.G.A., van Houte D.P.F., Kampschreur L.M., Dijkstra K., Faber S., Weel J., Kootstra G.J., Delsing C.E., van der Burg-Van de Plas M., Heins H., Lucas E., Kortmann W., van Twillert G., Cohen Stuart J.W.T., Diederen B.M.W., van Truijen-Oud F.A., van der Reijden W.A., Jansen R., Brinkman K., van den Berk G.E.L., Blok W.L., Frissen P.H.J., Lettinga K.D., Schouten W.E.M., Veenstra J., Brouwer J.C., Geerders F.G., Hoeksema K., Kleene J.M., van der Meche B.I., Spelbrink M., Sulman H., Toonen A.J.M., Wijnands S., Kwa D., Witte E., Koopmans P.P., Keuter M., van der Ven A.J.A.M., ter Hofstede H.J.M., Dofferhoff A.S.M., van Crevel R., Albers M., Bosch M.E.W., Grintjes-Huisman K.J.T., Zomer J.B., Stelma F.F., Rahamat-Langendoen J., Burger D., Richter C., Gisolf H.E., Hassing J.R., ter Beest G., van Bentum P.H.M., Langebeek N., Tiemessen R., Swanink C.M.A., van Lelyveld S.F.L., Soetekouw R., Hulshoff N., van der Prijt L.M.M., van der Swaluw J., Bermon N., Herpers B.L., Veenendaal D., Verhagen W.D.M., van Wijk M., van Kasteren M.E.E., Brouwer E.A., de Kruijf-Van de Wiel B.A.F.M., Kuipers M., Santegoets R.M.W.J., van der Ven B., Marcelis H.J., Buiting A.G.M., Kabel J.P., Bierman W.F.W., Scholvinck H., Wilting R.K., Stienstra Y., de Groot-De Jonge H., van der Meulen A.P., de Weerd A.D., Ludwig-Roukema J., Niesters H.G.M., Riezebos-Brilman A., van Leer-Buter C.C., Knoester M., Hoepelman A.I.M., Mudrikova T., Ellerbroek M.P., Oosterheert J.J., Arends E.J., Barth E.R., Wassenberg M.W.M., Schadd M.E., van Elst-Laurijssen D.H.M., van Oers-Hazelzet B.E., Vervoort S., van Berkel M., Schuurman R., Verduyn-Lunel F., Wensing A.M.J., Peters E.J.G., van Agtmael A.M., Bomers M., de Vocht J., Heitmuller M., Laan M.L., Pettersson M.A., Vandenbroucke-Grauls C.M.J.E., Ang W.C., Geelen S.P.M., Wolfs T.F.W., Bont J.L., Nauta N., Bezemer O.D., van Sighem I.A., Boender S.T., de Jong A., Bergsma D., Hoekstra P., de Lang A., Grivell S., Jansen A., Rademaker J.M., Raethke M., Meijering R., Schnorr S., de Groot L., van den Akker M., Bakker Y., Claessen E., El Berkaoui A., Koops J., Kruijne E., Lodewijk C., Munjishvili L., Peeck B., Ree C., Regtop R., Ruijs Y., Rutkens T., van de Sande L., Schoorl M., Timmerman A., Tuijn E., Veenenberg L., van der Vliet S., Wisse A., Woudstra T., Tuk B., Dupon M., Gaborieau V., Lacoste D., Malvy D., Mercie P., Neau D., Pellegrin L.J., Tchamgoue S., Lazaro E., Cazanave C., Vandenhende M., Vareil O.M., Gerard Y., Blanco P., Bouchet S., Breilh D., Fleury H., Pellegrin I., Chene G., Thiebaut R., Wittkop L., Lawson-Ayayi S., Gimbert A., Desjardin S., Lacaze-Buzy L., Petrov-Sanchez V., Andre N., Bernard K., Caubet O., Caunegre L., Chossat I., Courtault C., Dauchy A.F., Dondia D., Duffau P., Dutronc H., Farbos S., Faure I., Ferrand H., Greib C., Hessamfar M., Imbert Y., Lataste P., Marie J., Mechain M., Monlun E., Ochoa A., Pistone T., Raymond I., Receveur C.M., Rispal P., Sorin L., Valette C., Viallard J.F., Wille H., Wirth G., Lafon M., Trimoulet P., Bellecave P., Tumiotto C., Haramburu F., Miremeont-Salame G., Blaizeau J.M., Decoin M., Hannapier C., Lenaud E., Pougetoux A., Delveaux S., D'Ivernois C., Diarra F., Uwamaliya-Nziyumvira B., Palmer G., Conte V., Sapparrart V., Moore R., Edwards S., Hoy J., Watson K., Roth N., Lau H., Bloch M., Baker D., Carr A., Cooper D., O'Sullivan M., Nolan D., Guelfi G., Domingo P., Sambeat A.M., Gatell J., Del Cacho E., Cadafalch J., Fuster M., Codina C., Sirera G., Vaque A., Clumeck N., Gennotte F.A., Gerard M., Kabeya K., Konopnicki D., Libois A., Martin C., Payen C.M., Semaille P., Van Laethem Y., Neaton J., El-Sadr M.W., Krum E., Thompson G., Wentworth D., Luskin-Hawk R., Telzak E., Abrams I.D., Cohn D., Markowitz N., Arduino R., Mushatt D., Friedland G., Perez G., Tedaldi E., Fisher E., Gordin F., Crane R.L., Sampson J., Baxter J., Gazzard B., Horban A., Karpov I., Pedersen C., Ristola M., Rockstroh J., Peters L., Fischer H.A., Larsen F.J., Podlekareva D., Cozzi-Lepri A., Shepherd L., Schultze A., Amele S., Losso M., Kundro M., Schmied B., Zangerle R., Vassilenko A., Mitsura M.V., Paduto D., Florence E., Vandekerckhove L., Hadziosmanovic V., Begovac J., Machala L., Jilich D., Sedlacek D., Kronborg G., Benfield T., Gerstoft J., Katzenstein T., Moller F.N., Ostergaard L., Wiese L., Nielsen N.L., Zilmer K., Smidt J., Aho I., Viard J.P., Girard P.M., Duvivier C., Schmidt R., Degen O., Stellbrink J.H., Stefan C., Bogner J., Chkhartishvili N., Gargalianos P., Xylomenos G., Armenis K., Sambatakou H., Szlavik J., Gottfredsson M., Mulcahy F., Yust I., Turner D., Burke M., Shahar E., Hassoun G., Elinav H., Haouzi M., Elbirt D., Sthoeger M.Z., Esposito R., Mazeu I., Mussini C., Mazzotta F., Gabbuti A., Vullo V., Lichtner M., Zaccarelli M., Antinori A., Acinapura R., Plazzi M., Lazzarin A., Castagna A., Gianotti N., Galli M., Ridolfo A., Rozentale B., Uzdaviniene V., Matulionyte R., Staub T., Hemmer R., Ormaasen V., Maeland A., Bruun J., Knysz B., Gasiorowski J., Inglot M., Bakowska E., Flisiak R., Grzeszczuk A., Parczewski M., Maciejewska K., Aksak-Was B., Beniowski M., Mularska E., Smiatacz T., Gensing M., Jablonowska E., Malolepsza E., Wojcik K., Mozer-Lisewska I., Caldeira L., Mansinho K., Maltez F., Radoi R., Oprea C., Panteleev A., Panteleev O., Yakovlev A., Trofimora T., Khromova I., Kuzovatova E., Borodulina E., Vdoushkina E., Jevtovic D., Tomazic J., Miro M.J., Moreno S., Rodriguez J.M., Clotet B., Jou A., Paredes R., Tural C., Puig J., Bravo I., Gutierrez M., Mateo G., Laporte M.J., Falconer K., Thalme A., Sonnerborg A., Blaxhult A., Flamholc L., Cavassini M., Calmy A., Furrer H., Battegay M., Schmid 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E.P., Piano P., Cacopardo B., Celesia B., Vecchiet J., Falasca K., Pan A., Lorenzotti S., Sighinolfi L., Segala D., Vichi F., Cassola G., Viscoli C., Alessandrini A., Bobbio N., Mazzarello G., Mastroianni C., Belvisi V., Caramma I., Chiodera A., Milini P., Rizzardini G., Moioli C.M., Piolini R., Ridolfo L.A., Salpietro S., Tincati C., Puzzolante C., Abrescia N., Chirianni A., Borgia G., Orlando R., Bonadies G., Di Martino F., Gentile I., Maddaloni L., Cattelan M.A., Marinello S., Cascio A., Colomba C., Baldelli F., Schiaroli E., Parruti G., Sozio F., Magnani G., Ursitti A.M., Cristaudo A., Baldin G., Capozzi M., Cicalini S., Fontanelli Sulekova L., Iaiani G., Latini A., Mastrorosa I., Savinelli S., Vergori A., Cecchetto M., Viviani F., Bagella P., Rossetti B., Franco A., Fontana Del Vecchio R., Francisci D., Di Giuli C., Caramello P., Orofino C.G., Sciandra M., Bassetti M., Londero A., Pellizzer G., Manfrin V., Starnini G., Ialungo A., Dellamonica P., Bernard E., Courjon J., Cua E., De Salvador-Guillouet F., Durant J., Etienne C., Ferrando S., Mondain-Miton V., Naqvi A., Perbost I., Pillet S., Prouvost-Keller B., Pugliese P., Rio V., Risso K., Roger M.P., Aubert V., Bernasconi E., Ciuffi A., Dollenmaier G., Egger M., Elzi L., Fehr J., Fellay J., Gunthard F.H., Haerry D., Hasse B., Hirsch H.H., Hoffmann M., Hosli I., Kahlert C., Kaiser L., Keiser O., Klimkait T., Kouyos D.R., Kovari H., Ledergerber B., Martinetti G., Martinez de Tejada B., Marzolini C., Metzner J.K., Muller N., Nicca D., Pantaleo G., Paioni P., Rauch A., Rudin C., Speck R., Stockle M., Tarr P., Trkola A., Vernazza P., Wandeler G., Yerly S., Bordeaux population health (BPH), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Internal Medicine, Medical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, Virology, Pediatric Surgery, Pediatrics, Chammartin, F, Lodi, S, Logan, R, Ryom, L, Mocroft, A, Kirk, O, D'Arminio Monforte, A, Reiss, P, Phillips, A, El-Sadr, W, Hatleberg, C, Pradier, C, Bonnet, F, Law, M, De Wit, S, Sabin, C, Lundgren, J, Bucher, H, Calvo, G, Dabis, F, Morfeldt, L, Weber, R, Lind-Thomsen, A, Salbol Brandt, R, Hillebreght, M, Zaheri, S, Wit, F, Scherrer, A, Schoni-Affolter, F, Rickenbach, M, Tavelli, A, Fanti, I, Leleux, O, Mourali, J, Le Marec, F, Boerg, E, Thulin, E, Sundstrom, A, Bartsch, G, Thompsen, G, Necsoi, C, Delforge, M, Fontas, E, Caissotti, C, Dollet, K, Mateu, S, Torres, F, Petoumenos, K, Blance, A, Huang, R, Puhr, R, Gronborg Laut, K, Kristensen, D, Kamara, D, Smith, C, Raben, D, Matthews, C, Bojesen, A, Grevsen, A, Powderly, B, Shortman, N, Moecklinghoff, C, Reilly, G, Smit, C, Ross, M, Fux, C, Morlat, P, Friis-Moller, N, Kowalska, J, Bohlius, J, Bower, M, Fatkenheuer, G, Grulich, A, Sjol, A, Meidahl, P, Iversen, J, Hillebregt, M, Prins, J, Kuijpers, T, Scherpbier, H, Van Der Meer, J, Godfried, M, Van Der Poll, T, Nellen, F, Geerlings, S, Van Vugt, M, Pajkrt, D, Bos, J, Wiersinga, W, Van Der Valk, M, Goorhuis, A, Hovius, J, Van Eden, J, Henderiks, A, Van Hes, A, Mutschelknauss, M, Nobel, H, Pijnappel, F, Jurriaans, S, Back, N, Zaaijer, H, Berkhout, B, Cornelissen, M, Schinkel, C, Thomas, X, Van Den Berge, M, Stegeman, A, Baas, S, Hage De Looff, L, Versteeg, D, Pronk, M, Ammerlaan, H, de Munnik, E, Jansz, A, Tjhie, J, Wegdam, M, Deiman, B, Scharnhorst, V, Van Der Plas, A, Weijsenfeld, A, Van Der Ende, M, de Vries-Sluijs, T, van Gorp, E, Schurink, C, Nouwen, J, Verbon, A, Rijnders, B, Bax, H, Van Der Feltz, M, Bassant, N, Van Beek, J, Vriesde, M, Van Zonneveld, L, De Oude-Lubbers, A, Van Den Berg-Cameron, H, Bruinsma-Broekman, F, de Groot, J, De Zeeuw-De Man, M, Boucher, C, Koopmans, M, van Kampen, J, Pas, S, Driessen, G, van Rossum, A, Van Der Knaap, L, Visser, E, Branger, J, Rijkeboer-Mes, A, Duijf-Van De Ven, C, Schippers, E, van Nieuwkoop, C, van IJperen, J, Geilings, J, van der Hut, G, Franck, P, Van Eeden, A, Brokking, W, Groot, M, Elsenburg, L, Damen, M, Kwa, I, Groeneveld, P, Bouwhuis, J, Van Den Berg, J, Van Hulzen, A, Van Der Bliek, G, Bor, P, Bloembergen, P, Wolfhagen, M, Ruijs, G, Kroon, F, De Boer, M, Bauer, M, Jolink, H, Vollaard, A, Dorama, W, Van Holten, N, Claas, E, Wessels, E, Den Hollander, J, Pogany, K, Roukens, A, Kastelijns, M, Smit, J, Smit, E, Struik-Kalkman, D, Tearno, C, Bezemer, M, van Niekerk, T, Pontesilli, O, Lowe, S, Oude Lashof, A, Posthouwer, D, Ackens, R, Schippers, J, Vergoossen, R, Weijenberg-Maes, B, van Loo, I, Havenith, T, Leyten, E, Gelinck, L, van Hartingsveld, A, Meerkerk, C, Wildenbeest, G, Mutsaers, J, Jansen, C, Mulder, J, Vrouenraets, S, Lauw, F, van Broekhuizen, M, Paap, H, Vlasblom, D, Smits, P, Weijer, S, El Moussaoui, R, Bosma, A, van Vonderen, M, van Houte, D, Kampschreur, L, Dijkstra, K, Faber, S, Weel, J, Kootstra, G, Delsing, C, van der Burg-Van de Plas, M, Heins, H, Lucas, E, Kortmann, W, van Twillert, G, Cohen Stuart, J, Diederen, B, van Truijen-Oud, F, van der Reijden, W, Jansen, R, Brinkman, K, van den Berk, G, Blok, W, Frissen, P, Lettinga, K, Schouten, W, Veenstra, J, Brouwer, J, Geerders, F, Hoeksema, K, Kleene, J, van der Meche, B, Spelbrink, M, Sulman, H, Toonen, A, Wijnands, S, Kwa, D, Witte, E, Koopmans, P, Keuter, M, van der Ven, A, ter Hofstede, H, Dofferhoff, A, van Crevel, R, Albers, M, Bosch, M, Grintjes-Huisman, K, Zomer, J, Stelma, F, Rahamat-Langendoen, J, Burger, D, Richter, C, Gisolf, H, Hassing, J, ter Beest, G, van Bentum, P, Langebeek, N, Tiemessen, R, Swanink, C, van Lelyveld, S, Soetekouw, R, Hulshoff, N, van der Prijt, L, van der Swaluw, J, Bermon, N, Herpers, B, Veenendaal, D, Verhagen, W, van Wijk, M, van Kasteren, M, Brouwer, E, de Kruijf-Van de Wiel, B, Kuipers, M, Santegoets, R, van der Ven, B, Marcelis, H, Buiting, A, Kabel, J, Bierman, W, Scholvinck, H, Wilting, R, Stienstra, Y, de Groot-De Jonge, H, van der Meulen, A, de Weerd, A, Ludwig-Roukema, J, Niesters, H, Riezebos-Brilman, A, van Leer-Buter, C, Knoester, M, Hoepelman, A, Mudrikova, T, Ellerbroek, M, Oosterheert, J, Arends, E, Barth, E, Wassenberg, M, Schadd, M, van Elst-Laurijssen, D, van Oers-Hazelzet, B, Vervoort, S, van Berkel, M, Schuurman, R, Verduyn-Lunel, F, Wensing, A, Peters, E, van Agtmael, A, Bomers, M, de Vocht, J, Heitmuller, M, Laan, M, Pettersson, M, Vandenbroucke-Grauls, C, Ang, W, Geelen, S, Wolfs, T, Bont, J, Nauta, N, Bezemer, O, van Sighem, I, Boender, S, de Jong, A, Bergsma, D, Hoekstra, P, de Lang, A, Grivell, S, Jansen, A, Rademaker, J, Raethke, M, Meijering, R, Schnorr, S, de Groot, L, van den Akker, M, Bakker, Y, Claessen, E, El Berkaoui, A, Koops, J, Kruijne, E, Lodewijk, C, Munjishvili, L, Peeck, B, Ree, C, Regtop, R, Ruijs, Y, Rutkens, T, van de Sande, L, Schoorl, M, Timmerman, A, Tuijn, E, Veenenberg, L, van der Vliet, S, Wisse, A, Woudstra, T, Tuk, B, Dupon, M, Gaborieau, V, Lacoste, D, Malvy, D, Mercie, P, Neau, D, Pellegrin, L, Tchamgoue, S, Lazaro, E, Cazanave, C, Vandenhende, M, Vareil, O, 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Xylomenos, G, Armenis, K, Sambatakou, H, Szlavik, J, Gottfredsson, M, Mulcahy, F, Yust, I, Turner, D, Burke, M, Shahar, E, Hassoun, G, Elinav, H, Haouzi, M, Elbirt, D, Sthoeger, M, Esposito, R, Mazeu, I, Mussini, C, Mazzotta, F, Gabbuti, A, Vullo, V, Lichtner, M, Zaccarelli, M, Antinori, A, Acinapura, R, Plazzi, M, Lazzarin, A, Castagna, A, Gianotti, N, Galli, M, Ridolfo, A, Rozentale, B, Uzdaviniene, V, Matulionyte, R, Staub, T, Hemmer, R, Ormaasen, V, Maeland, A, Bruun, J, Knysz, B, Gasiorowski, J, Inglot, M, Bakowska, E, Flisiak, R, Grzeszczuk, A, Parczewski, M, Maciejewska, K, Aksak-Was, B, Beniowski, M, Mularska, E, Smiatacz, T, Gensing, M, Jablonowska, E, Malolepsza, E, Wojcik, K, Mozer-Lisewska, I, Caldeira, L, Mansinho, K, Maltez, F, Radoi, R, Oprea, C, Panteleev, A, Panteleev, O, Yakovlev, A, Trofimora, T, Khromova, I, Kuzovatova, E, Borodulina, E, Vdoushkina, E, Jevtovic, D, Tomazic, J, Miro, M, Moreno, S, Rodriguez, J, Clotet, B, Jou, A, Paredes, R, Tural, C, Puig, J, Bravo, 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Pharmacology

Subjects
Male, HIV AIDS, HIV Infections, 0302 clinical medicine, Interquartile range, Risk Factors, Neoplasms, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prospective Studies, Prospective cohort study, 0303 health sciences, Incidence, Absolute risk reduction, Drugs, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Viral Load, Antiretroviral therapy, 3. Good health, AIDS, Cancer treatment, Prevention policy and public health, Cohort, Infectious diseases, Cohort studies, Female, Viral load, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Anti-HIV Agents, HIV Infections/drug therapy, Socio-culturale, Time-to-Treatment, 03 medical and health sciences, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Internal medicine, Internal Medicine, Humans, Adverse effect, 030306 microbiology, business.industry, HIV, Cancer, medicine.disease, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, business, Neoplasms/epidemiology
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Immediate initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) regardless of CD4 cell count reduces risk for AIDS and non-AIDS-related events in asymptomatic, HIV-positive persons and is the standard of care. However, most HIV-positive persons initiate ART when their CD4 count decreases below 500 × 10 9 cells/L. Consequences of delayed ART on risk for non-AIDS-defining and AIDS-defining cancer, one of the most common reasons for death in HIV, are unclear. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the long-term risk difference for cancer with the immediate ART strategy.DESIGN: Multinational prospective cohort study.SETTING: The D:A:D (Data collection on Adverse events of anti-HIV Drugs) study, which included HIV-positive persons from Europe, Australia, and the United States.PARTICIPANTS: 8318 HIV-positive persons with at least 1 measurement each of CD4 cell count and viral load while ART-naive (study period, 2006 to 2016).MEASUREMENTS: The parametric g-formula was used, with adjustment for baseline and time-dependent confounders (CD4 cell count and viral load), to assess the 10-year risk for non-AIDS-defining and AIDS-defining cancer of immediate versus deferred (at CD4 counts RESULTS: During 64 021 person-years of follow-up, 231 cases of non-AIDS-defining cancer and 272 of AIDS-defining cancer occurred among HIV-positive persons with a median age of 36 years (interquartile range, 29 to 43 years). With immediate ART, the 10-year risk for non-AIDS-defining cancer was 2.97% (95% CI, 2.37% to 3.50%) and that for AIDS-defining cancer was 2.50% (CI, 2.37% to 3.38%). Compared with immediate ART initiation, the 10-year absolute risk differences when deferring ART to CD4 counts less than 500 × 10 9 cells/L and less than 350 × 10 9 cells/L were 0.12 percentage point (CI, -0.01 to 0.26 percentage point) and 0.29 percentage point (CI, -0.03 to 0.73 percentage point), respectively, for non-AIDS-defining cancer and 0.32 percentage point (CI, 0.21 to 0.44 percentage point) and 1.00 percentage point (CI, 0.67 to 1.44 percentage points), respectively, for AIDS-defining cancer. LIMITATION: Potential residual confounding due to observational study design.CONCLUSION: In this young cohort, effects of immediate ART on 10-year risk for cancer were small, and further supportive data are needed for non-AIDS-defining cancer.PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE: Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy Oversight Committee.

Published
2021
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50. TGFβR signalling controls CD103+CD11b+ dendritic cell development in the intestine

Author

C. C. Bain, J. Montgomery, C. L. Scott, J. M. Kel, M. J. H. Girard-Madoux, L. Martens, T. F. P. Zangerle-Murray, J. Ober-Blöbaum, D. Lindenbergh-Kortleve, J. N. Samsom, S. Henri, T. Lawrence, Y. Saeys, B. Malissen, M. Dalod, B. E. Clausen, and A. McI. Mowat

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Developmental cues for the different dendritic cell (DC) subsets in the intestine are yet to be defined. Here the authors show that TGFβR1 signalling is needed for development of CD103+CD11b+ intestinal DCs from CD103−CD11b+ cells and that they contribute to the generation of Th17 and regulatory T cells

Published
2017
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