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ObjectiveTo analyze the clinical characteristics of neonatal infection during the outbreak of COVID-19 omicron variant in Guangdong province of China.MethodThe clinical data of neonates infected with COVID-19 omicron variant were collected from three hospitals of Guangdong province, their epidemiological history, clinical manifestation and prognosis were summarized.ResultsFrom December 12, 2022 to January 15, 2023, a total of 52 neonates with COVID-19 infection were identified across three hospitals in Guangdong Province, including 34 males and 18 females. The age of diagnosis was 18.42 ± 6.32 days. 24 cases had clear contact history with adults who were suspected to be infected with COVID-19. The most common clinical manifestation was fever (43/52, 82.7%), the duration of fever was 1–8 days. The other clinical manifestations were cough (27/52, 51.9%), rales (21/52, 40.4%), nasal congestion (10/52, 19.2%), shortness of breath (2/52, 3.8%), and vomiting (4/52, 7.7%). C-reactive protein was only increased in 3 cases. Chest radiological examination was performed in 42 neonates, twenty-three cases showed abnormal chest radiographic findings, including ground-glass opacity and consolidation. Fifty cases were admitted with COVID-19 presentation, two cases were admitted for jaundice. The hospital stay was 6.59 ± 2.77 days. The clinical classification included 3 cases of severe COVID-19 and one critical case. Fifty-one cases were cured and discharged after general treatment, and one critical case with respiratory failure was intubated and transferred to another hospital.ConclusionThe COVID-19 omicron variant infection in neonates is usually mild. The clinical manifestation and laboratory results are not specific, and the short-term prognosis is good.

Abstract Background Since the National Malaria Elimination Action Plan was launched in China in 2010, local malaria transmission has decreased rapidly. Zero indigenous cases were reported since 2017. However, after 2010, the proportion of imported cases in China increased from 45.7% in 2010 to 99.9% in 2016, and almost all provinces of China have reported imported cases in recent years. Prevention of the reintroduction of malaria into China is crucial for the maintenance of its malaria-free status. Hence, it is of utmost importance to correctly identify the source of malaria infections within the country. Case introduction and response In 2016 and 2017, three laboratory-confirmed cases of malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum were identified in patients with no previous travel history to endemic areas were reported in Jiangsu Province, China, where malaria due to P. falciparum was eliminated about 30 years ago. These were diagnosed after 41, 31 and 39 days of seeking treatment, respectively, and all of them had received blood transfusions. Further investigations indicated that two of the cases had received blood from foreign students (from Indonesia and Ghana), and the other had received blood from an individual who had worked in Equatorial Guinea. All three blood donors were traced, and found to be carrying asymptomatic P. falciparum infections by microscopic examination and PCR. Furthermore, five polymorphic microsatellite markers (C1M4, C4M62, C13M13, C14M17, and C13M63) were typed and used to link parasites from the donors with those of the transfusion-receiving patients. Conclusions Three transfusion-transmitted malaria cases were identified in China, all of which were due to the transfusion of blood donated by individuals who had contracted malaria outside the country. These cases can provide a reference for those faced with similar challenges in malaria case identification and classification in other regions. In addition, a stricter screening policy including the use of appropriate detection methods for malaria parasites should be developed and adopted for blood donation in regions undergoing malaria elimination.

Photonic crystal processing was performed using nanosphere lithography as a low-cost procedure to enhance the quantum efficiency of AlGaN-based ultraviolet light emitting diodes. Spectral transmissivity/reflectivity and photoluminescence measurements, in conjunction with finite-element modeling and electromagnetic simulations, provide an indication of radiance enhancement with a photonic crystal periodicity comparable to the emission wavelength. To recondition the plasma-damaged sidewalls, post-processing methods based on high temperature annealing and surface treatment were evaluated, which in general, established a significant increase in light extraction efficiency. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy clarified the formation of surface oxides and hydroxides on the as-fabricated nanostructures, and their dissolution after wet-chemical processing is linked to enhanced optical output. Hydroxyl-termination was found to prevail after KOH etching, but significantly reduced after HCl or H3PO4 treatment. The two-step sequence of HCl followed by KOH treatment provided the best quality nanotextured surface for optical emission in this study, as indicated by the nearly 14.5-fold enhancement in photoluminescence intensity. Keywords: Photonic crystals, Ray tracing, Photoluminescence, Periodic nanostructures, Etching, Heat treatment

Massive Multiple Online Role-Playing Games (MMORPGs) have increased in popularity among children, juveniles, and adults since MMORPGs’ appearance in this digital age. MMORPGs can be applied to enhancing language learning, which is drawing researchers’ attention from different fields and many studies have validated MMORPGs’ positive effect on language learning. However, there are few studies on the underlying behavioral or neural mechanism of such effect. This paper reviews the educational application of the MMORPGs based on relevant macroscopic and microscopic studies, showing that gamers’ overall language proficiency or some specific language skills can be enhanced by real-time online interaction with peers and game narratives or instructions embedded in the MMORPGs. Mechanisms underlying the educational assistant role of MMORPGs in second language learning are discussed from both behavioral and neural perspectives. We suggest that attentional bias makes gamers/learners allocate more cognitive resources toward task-related stimuli in a controlled or an automatic way. Moreover, with a moderating role played by activation of reward circuit, playing the MMORPGs may strengthen or increase functional connectivity from seed regions such as left anterior insular/frontal operculum (AI/FO) and visual word form area to other language-related brain areas.

To obtain a stable amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) source for complex environment applications, we design an ASE source and study the output power and spectral characteristics under different ambient temperatures. We optimize the structure of the ASE source to flatten the ASE spectrum, and study the output characteristics in terms of output power and optical spectrum under different pump powers. Then the performance of the ASE source is investigated in the temperature range from −18.9°C to 50°C. A stable-power and flat-spectrum ASE source can be obtained by structural optimization and pump control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ObjectiveGlucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency increases the risk of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. The aim of this study is to evaluate the risk factors associated with hyperbilirubinemia in infants from the western part of Guangdong Province, and to assess the contribution of G6PD deficiency to neonatal jaundice.MethodsThe term infants with neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in People's Hospital of Yangjiang from June 2018 to July 2022 were recruited for the retrospective analysis. All the infants underwent quantitative detection of the G6PD enzyme. The etiology was determined through laboratory tests and clinical manifestations.ResultsOut of 1,119 term infants, 435 cases presented with jaundice. For the etiology analysis, infection was responsible for 16.09% (70/435), G6PD deficiency accounted for 9.66% (42/435), of which 3 were complicated with acute bilirubin encephalopathy), bleeding accounted for 8.05% (35/435), hemolytic diseases accounted for 3.45% (15/435), and breast milk jaundice accounted for 2.53% (11/435). One case (0.23%) was attributed to congenital hypothyroidism, multiple etiologies accounted for 22.3% (97/435), and 35.63% (155/435) were of unknown etiology. Of the jaundiced infants, 19.54% (85/435) had G6PD deficiency, while only 10.23% (70/684) of non-jaundiced infants had G6PD deficiency; this difference was found to be statistically significant (P G, c.392G > T, c.1024C > T, c.1311C > T, c.1376G > T, c.1388G > A, c.871G > A/c.1311C > T, c.392G > T/c.1388G > A, and c.1376G > T/c.1311C > T.65iciencyConclusionIn newborns in Yangjiang, G6PD deficiency, infection, and neonatal hemolytic disease were identified as the main causes of hyperbilirubinemia and acute bilirubin encephalopathy. Specifically, Hemolytic factors in infants with G6PD deficiency may lead to reduced hemoglobin and increased bilirubin levels in jaundiced infants.

The title complex, [Cu2(Hcac)(H2O)2] (H3cac = cyanuric acid, C3HN3O3), has been synthesized hydro­thermally. The dinuclear complex is generated from a unique half-mol­ecule by twofold symmetry; it contains a bridging Hcac mol­ecule connected to two copper(I) atoms, each of which is covalently bonded to a water mol­ecule in a linear geometry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, we used R-Soft software to simulate the coupling between multi-core photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) with different core diameters and distances. The simulation results show that the core distance within two wavelengths, different core diameters between the mode fields can be effectively coupled. The results are consistent with the evanescent wave propagation length of calculation. According to the designed structure based on the high temperature melting method, the multi-core PCF can be obtained by using two times technique of the optical fiber drawing tower. The core production of (2-, 7-, 19-core PCF) of coherent synthesis experiment, observed apparent interference fringes in the experiment, which shows that the mode fields of the multiple cores meet the coherent conditions. This article provides a theoretical basis and guidance to effectively achieve a coherent coupling for the further design and preparation of multi-core fibers (more than 19 cores).