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A promising material for improving heat transfer is titanium dioxide (TiO2), which has great chemical and physical stability. In numerous types of heat exchangers, including circular tubes, double tubes, and shell and tubes, TiO2 nanoparticles dispersed in ordinary fluids were widely used. The present work is to investigate the behavior of titanium dioxide TiO2- copper oxide CuO/H2O hybrid type of nanofluid flow for enhancing thermal transfer by a horizontal rotating cylinder surface under solar radiation, viscous dissipation and Lorentz forces. Here, the combinations of TiO2-CuO/H2O as hybrid nanofluids and TiO2/H2O as nanofluid are implemented. The slip and convective conditions are imposed at the surface of the rotating cylinder. The computational MATLAB software’s bvp4c solver is used to numerically integrate the resulting dimensionless equations. According to the results, higher Reynolds number values upsurge the system’s inertial force, which counteracts the force accelerating the liquid and reduces velocities as well as heat transfer. The thermal profile benefits from the nonlinear radiation and decays for growing estimations of nanoparticle volume fraction. The rate of heat transfer is higher for TiO2-CuO/H2O hybrid nanofluid as compared to TiO2/H2O nanofluid.

Ternary hybrid nanofluids possess several potential applications in the modern science beyond just the heat transfer efficiency. A continuous research and advancements on binary and ternary hybrid nanofluids might lead towards new developments in many technological and scientific zones. Ongoing research interprets and distinguishes the novel attributes of the sodium alginate (Na.C6H7O6) based unary, binary and ternary nanofluids through a porous medium under induced magnetic field environment. The nano-composition of single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) with silver (Ag) and molybdenum dioxide (MoS2) gives rise to the binary (SWCNT-Ag/Na.C6H7O6) and ternary hybrid (SWCNT-Ag-MoS2/Na.C6H7O6) nanofluids respectively. A complex and highly nonlinear system of differential equations, obtained via the boundary layer approximations, is tackled numerically. An algorithmic approach, using MATLAB software, is incorporated to determine the iterative solutions. The efficiency as well as validity of the developed algorithm is confirmed by equating the results with the previous ones. The results evidently portray the fact that the magnetic Prandtl number and magnetic interaction parameter not only dissuade the induced magnetic field but also resist the fluids’ speed. With the larger values of activation energy parameter, higher will be the concentration of fluid.

The purpose of the current development is to investigate solar thermal radiations using advanced tetra-hybrid nano-structures in advanced industrial applications. The inclusion of tetra-hybrid nanoparticles into thermal energy storage devices is a vital mechanism while suspension nanoparticles can be treated as solar absorbers, absorbing solar light and converting it to heat. The current study reveals thermal efficiency by adding four kinds of nanoparticles in a time-dependent Casson fluid on a spinning sphere. Solar radiation, chemical reaction, heat sink and Soret effect, Dufour impact and electrohydrodynamic flow. Free-stream velocity changes with changes in time while the energy equation is tackled with convective boundary constraints. Similarity variables perform the role regarding conversion of (PDEs) partial-differential equations into desired (ODEs) ordinary-differential equations. Simulations have been tackled by a modified numerical approach called the finite element technique. Consequences are derived as by enhancing values E1 and A, it was found that velocity curves increase while velocity fields diminish when β and M. The Temperature curve is enhanced with large values of Hs,A and Ec and the temperature curve diminishes with large values of the Dufour parameter.

Non-Newtonian fluids flow generated by “cilia” are critical in medicine and bio-medical engineering. Such investigations are created by the back-and-forth movement of a microscopic hair-like structure connected to the walls, which causes a metachronal wave to form and drive biological fluids. Motivated by a wide range of biological applications, this study aims to explain the incompressible flow of Ellis fluid caused by the propagation of an infinite metachronal wave train traveling along channel walls owing to constantly beating cilia. The problem is simplified by low Reynolds number and long wavelength assumption. The mathematical model is solved with the aid of symbolic computational software Mathematica 13 version. The consequences of emerging parameters are then shown in graphical form and discussed comprehensively. From the study, it is worth mentioning that velocity declines with increasing material constants. Temperature distribution is also improved in the core sector of the channel and reduced at the walls. It is predicted that this approach will make an essential contribution to the progress and enhancement of various types of drug delivery systems in the biomedical industry and biomechanics.

The Riga plate is an electromagnetic actuator made out of permanent magnets and alternating electrodes on a flat surface. In the boundary layer flow across the Riga Plate, viscous dissipation is surveyed in this paper. The suitable boundary conditions have been assigned to the governing model for mass and heat convection phenomenon. A governing equation can be converted into non-dimensional form using similarity transformations. To create numerical solutions to physical phenomena, the finite difference approach can be utilized. Extensive graphical illustrations are provided for the effects of the buoyancy coefficient parameter, modified Hartmann number, parameter related to electrode and magnet width, Prandtl number, slip parameter, thermophoretic parameter, thermal radiation parameter, Schmidt number, chemical reaction rate parameter, suction parameter, Brownian motion parameter, volume fraction, Biot number, and Eckert parameter on velocity, temperature, and concentration distributions. By varying the Eckert number, the viscous dissipation effects can be obtained. Suction and slip parameters increase the velocity while decrease the temperature in both nanofluid cases. The high temperature and velocity of equally distributed nanofluids rise as the volume fraction increases. Thermal radiation promotes heat transport. The concentration of nanoparticles in the region around the plate increases as the chemical reaction parameter increases. The research findings are useful for thermal engineers and practitioners involved in the design and optimization of systems where boundary layer fluxes and heat transfer are important factors. Understanding the effects of viscous dissipation can lead to more reliable heat transfer estimates and more effective thermal management in real-world structures.

The study of hybrid nanofluids over spinning cylindrical configurations is widely used in numerous engineering and technological applications. Compared to conventional coolants, nanofluids explore superior thermal conductivities and thereby promote outstanding heat transport capabilities. In this study, hybrid nanofluid flow and thermal transmission across a vertical spinning cylinder are examined in the presence of an externally applied transverse magnetic field. The working fluids used are Ag/water nanofluid and Al2O3-Ag/water hybrid nanofluid. The analysis of heat transmission is carried out in the presence of slip and convective conditions, nonlinear thermal radiation, activation energy, and viscous dissipation. Partial differential equations (PDEs) are used to model the physical situation and are subsequently transformed into ordinary differential equations (ODEs). Through the use of MATLAB's bvp4c technique for ODEs, graphical and computational results are produced and validated with previously reported studies. The important findings are that the flow field diminishes as the magnetic field parameter and Reynolds number increase. Further, for larger levels of nano particle's fraction and thermal Biot number, the thermal features increase. Moreover, it is noted that the mass diffusion rate is lowered by the system's activation energy.

The current research looks into magnetohydrodynamics Casson nanofluid flow and suction/injection implications for a nonlinearly stretched interface. To improve heat transport, joules of heat, radiation impacts and thermal stratification are used. A Darcy-Forchheimer porous media is used to conduct fluid flow. Chemical reactions involving energies of activation and solutal stratum are additionally considered. The Keller-box technique is used to solve the resulting non-linear set of ordinary differential equations. The impacts of a number of variables are examined employing diagrams of quantity, velocity, and heat. Increased assessments of porousness, Darcy-Forchheimer, and Casson fluid characteristics result in a decrease in velocity trends. For improved measurements of Lewis number and solutal fractionated factors, the intensity pattern reduces. The skin friction factor increases with increasing Casson parameter estimate. In the instance of the porous and nonlinear stretching parameters, the Nusselt number rises. For increasing levels of the Lewis number and Brownian motion factors, the Sherwood number drops. Furthermore, Nusselt number ratios are estimated with Prandtl numbers with regard to current information available, which shows remarkable consistency. For varied incorporated parameters, streamlines, heatlines, and masslines additionally displayed.

This study investigates the impact of magnetohydrodynamic effects and thermal radiation on axisymmetric flow with carbon nanotubes over a rotating cylinder. The thermal energy behavior of the nanofluid is analyzed using the Xue model, with water as the base fluid and two different types of nanoparticles: single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The governing flow problem is transformed through appropriate transformations, resulting in a system of ordinary differential equations. Numerical solutions are obtained using the bvp4c function in MATLAB. The results indicate that the thermal transport coefficient increases with the radiation number in both SWCNTs and MWCNTs cases. Further, the presence of nanoparticles in the nanofluid leads to an increase in the thermal transport coefficient due to the volume fraction of the nanoparticles. Moreover, the study reveals that water-based MWCNTs exhibit a higher heat transfer rate than water-based SWCNTs. These findings contribute to understanding thermal energy characteristics in nanofluids and have implications for applications such as heat exchangers, electronic cooling systems, and the thermal management of advanced materials.

Enhancements brought about by motile gyrotactic microorganisms encompass improved mixing, efficient oxygen and nutrient transfer, environmental sensing, and reactions, as well as potential applications in bioremediation, contributing to the advancement of knowledge in fluid dynamics and biological locomotion. These microorganisms find utility in various fields such as biotechnology, environmental engineering, and fluid dynamics research, among others, playing a pivotal role in numerous ecological processes. The present study places its focus on the investigation of the effects associated with mass and heat transport in a fluid flow scenario featuring the presence of a heat source or sink. Specifically, the study aims to examine the impact of nanoparticles on Powell-Eyring fluid flow in the presence of a magnetic field (MHD) across a stretched sheet, taking into account factors such as activation energy, heat sources, and thermal radiation. Furthermore, the study explores the influence of motile gyrotactic microorganisms on various parameters. Recognizing the dearth of research in the realm of polymer extrusion processes, this study strives to bridge this research gap. Its primary objective is to develop a mathematical formulation employing a boundary layer approach, which encompasses the consideration of the interrelated effects of mass and heat transport in Eyring-Powell fluid flow across a stretched sheet in the presence of thermal radiation and chemical reactions from figure it shows that temperature profile rises as result of radiation parameter's increasing values (0.1

This specific research was carried out with the aim of investigating incompressible Casson fluid and Williamson liquid. Steady-state laminar boundary layer flow involving Brownian diffusion and thermophoretic diffusion is taken over a horizontal penetrating plate saturated with two distinct salts having distinct characteristics. Casson fluid motion was observed with the utilization of Darcy-Forchheimer technique. Whilst, Nanofluid motion and other salts motion induced by wall movement. Solar thermal collectors, Solar thermal systems, Solar cookers, Solar thermal energy, drying, generating electricity, chemical reactions, soil vapor extraction, medication and heat exchange medium. Physical quantities like density, temperature profile and concentration profile were addressed by aiding Bossiness approximation. Whereas the optimization of energy is carried out under the effects of cross-diffusion, regular diffusion and non-Fourier law for two different salt components. Formulation of acquired flow equations in terms of partial differential equations are further transformed into ordinary differential equations using similarity transformations. The numerical solution will be obtained by utilization of FE-method. It was found that the temperature field elevates on increasing solar thermal radiation number, modified Dufour numbers of salt 1 and salt 2. Thickness and width regarding momentum layers for Casson liquid rather than Williamson liquid while temperature field for Williamson liquid is higher than Casson liquid.