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31. Preparation, Microstructure, and Mechanical Properties of Al Matrix Composites Reinforced with High‐Entropy Alloys: A Review.

Author

Ren, Guochun, Zheng, Yang, Zhao, Zihao, Xiong, Ruize, Zhao, Cenya, Yu, Zhenyang, and Li, Liangyu

Subjects
METALLIC composites, ALUMINUM composites, MICROSTRUCTURE, INTERFACIAL bonding, WEAR resistance
Abstract

Al matrix composites (AMCs) are innovative materials prepared by introducing various reinforcements into Al alloys using suitable processes. Traditional particle‐reinforced AMCs usually have high strength but poor interfacial bonding, resulting in low plasticity. Researchers are attempting to solve this problem by identifying more proper reinforcing particles. High‐entropy alloys (HEAs) with excellent mechanical properties including high strength, ductility, and wear resistance are becoming attractive candidates for the reinforcement of Al alloys. The HEAs‐reinforced AMCs (HEAs@AMCs) combine the lightweight property of Al alloys and superior mechanical properties of HEAs. In this article, a comprehensive overview is provided on the HEAs@AMCs, starting with an introduction to the properties of HEAs, followed by the design principle of HEAs for the metal matrix composites. After that, the preparation, microstructure, and mechanical properties of the HEAs@AMCs are examined. In addition, the effects of HEAs on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the HEAs@AMCs are explored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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32. Reproductive toxicities of dimethyl phthalates on Caenorhabditis elegans with alteration in responses over life stages.

Author

Zhang, Jing, Huang, Yuheng, Yu, Zhenyang, and Mo, Lingyun

Subjects
CAENORHABDITIS elegans, ETHANES, PHTHALATE esters, GERM cells, LIPID metabolism
Abstract

Phthalate esters (PAEs) raised serious concerns on their health risk due to their toxicities. However, toxicities of low‐molecular‐weight PAEs, for example, dimethyl phthalates (DMPs), remained poorly investigated. In the present study, the reproductive toxicities of dimethyl (o‐)phthalate (DMOP), dimethyl (p‐)phthalate (DMPP), and dimethyl (m‐)phthalate (DMMP) were measured on Caenorhabditis elegans with mechanical exploration. Results showed that DMPP, DMOP, and DMMP commonly inhibited the total reproduction while stimulated lifespan, showing trade‐off effects. In effects on gene expressions, DMPP, DMOP, and DMMP caused different regulations on the expressions of vab‐1, ceh‐18, and gsa‐1 which are involved in oocyte growth, ovulation, and maturation. Meanwhile, they commonly downregulated those of rme‐2 and rcy‐4 that regulate germ cells and gonads and lipid metabolism in oocytes. Moreover, the effects on biochemicals that regulate reproductive processes showed alteration between stimulation and inhibition over life stages. In addition, effects at apical, biochemical, and molecular levels clearly showed the structure influences on the toxicities. Summing up, reproductive toxicities of DMPs depended on the exposure life stages and also the chemical structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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41. PIFA/Ar2Te2‐Mediated Synthesis of 3‐Aryltelluroindoles via Intramolecular Cyclization of 2‐Alkynylanilines.

Author

Zhang, Jianing, Yu, Zhenyang, Shi, Haofeng, Xu, Lingzhi, Song, Yixuan, and Du, Yunfei

Subjects
*RING formation (Chemistry), *TRIFLUOROACETIC acid, *AXIOMS
Abstract

The reaction of 2‐alkynylanilines with phenyliodonium bis(trifluoroacetate) (PIFA) and diaryl ditellurides was found to conveniently afford the corresponding 3‐aryltelluroindoles via oxidative cyclization/tellurolation. A plausible mechanism involving the in situ formation of the reactive ArTeOCOCF3 from the reaction of PIFA and diaryl ditellurides, and the subsequent oxidative C−N/C−Te bond formations was postulated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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46. 18F‐FDG PET/CT predicts the role of neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy in the pathological response of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Author

Wang, Shuohua, Di, Shouyin, Lu, Jing, Xie, Shun, Yu, Zhenyang, Liang, Yingkui, and Gong, Taiqian

Subjects
TREATMENT of esophageal cancer, CONFIDENCE intervals, CANCER chemotherapy, POSITRON emission tomography computed tomography, MANN Whitney U Test, RETROSPECTIVE studies, T-test (Statistics), RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS, RESEARCH funding, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, CHI-squared test, COMBINED modality therapy, PREDICTION models, DEOXY sugars, DATA analysis software, SQUAMOUS cell carcinoma, IMMUNOTHERAPY, ESOPHAGEAL cancer, LONGITUDINAL method
Abstract

Background: This study aimed to investigate the predictive value of 18F‐FDG PET/CT for pathological response after neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy (NICT) in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Methods: The clinical data of 54 patients with ESCC who underwent two cycles of NICT followed by surgery were retrospectively analyzed. NICT consisted of PD‐1 blockade therapy combined with chemotherapy. 18F‐FDG PET/CT scans were performed before and after NICT. The pathological results after surgery were used to assess the degree of pathological response. The scan parameters of 18F‐FDG PET/CT and their changes before and after NICT were compared with the pathological response. Results: Among the 54 patients, 10 (18.5%) achieved complete pathological response (pCR) and 21 (38.9%) achieved major pathological response (MPR). The post‐NICT scan parameters and their changes were significantly associated with the pathological response. In addition, the values of the changes in the scanned parameters before and after treatment can further predict the pathological response of the patient. Conclusion: 18F‐FDG PET/CT is a useful tool to evaluate the efficacy of NICT and predict pathological response in patients with ESCC. The post‐NICT scan parameters and their changes can help identify patients who are likely to achieve pCR or MPR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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47. SO42−-ion induced synthesis of 3D porous hydrangea-shaped anatase TiO2 as high performance anode material for lithium/sodium-ion batteries.

Author

Wang, Wenqiang, Qiao, Zhijun, Zhao, Yuwen, Xie, Gang, Yan, Shenglong, Pang, Zhiheng, Chen, Yuefang, Yang, Huan, Zhang, Mengmeng, Zhang, Yifang, Li, Weijie, Jiang, Yong, Yu, Zhenyang, and Zhang, Zhijia

Abstract

TiO2 materials are considered one of the promising candidates for lithium/sodium-ion batteries (L/SIBs) due to its excellent safety and abundant resources. However, the low ion diffusion coefficient becomes a bottleneck in restrict its development. In this work, three-dimensional (3D) porous hydrangea-shaped anatase TiO2 (ATO) was synthesized through the synergistic effect of de-alloying and SO42− induced chemical synthesis. During the chemical synthesis process, SO42− and TiO62− octahedra are bound by static electricity, as the spatial effect of SO42− can influence the octahedral arrangement in favor of precipitating anatase TiO2. In the SIBs, ATO as anode material provided an excellent capacity of 190 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles at a current density of 50 mA g−1. Electrochemical kinetic tests show that the pseudocapacitive behavior contributes to 86% of the capacity at a scan rate of 1 mV s−1, mainly due to the high specific surface area provided by its unique microstructure, and also shows excellent electrochemical performance in the LIBs tests. This study provides a novel strategy for the simple and large-scale production of TiO2 anode materials with high-performance L/SIBs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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