Search

Abstract The southeastern region of Tibet, which serves as the primary concentration area for marine-type glaciers, has fostered a multitude of glacial lakes that are highly sensitive to global climate change. Glacial lakes play a crucial role in regulating the freshwater ecosystems of the region, but they also pose a significant threat to local infrastructure and populations due to flooding caused by glacial lake outbursts. Currently, a limited amount of research has focused on the monitoring and analysis of glacial lakes in southeastern Tibet. Using Google Earth Engine (GEE) data in conjunction with meteorological data, this study examined the variation characteristics of glacial lakes in southeastern Tibet from 1993 to 2023. The region is subjected to segmentation and extraction of glacial lake boundaries via the FCN model. According to research findings, by 2023, southeastern Tibet is projected to contain 3,877 glacial lakes, encompassing an area of approximately 395.74 ± 22.72 km2. The distribution of glacial lakes in this region follows a pattern characterized by a relatively high concentration in the southern region and a relatively low concentration in the northern region. The glacial lakes with areas less than 0.1 km2 accounted for 94.24%, whereas those exceeding 3.0 km2 experienced the least amount of change. The analysis of regional elevation using the natural segmentation method reveals that glacial lakes are predominantly distributed within the altitude range of 4442 ~ 4909 m. The fluctuations in the annual mean precipitation and average annual temperature in the study area have decreased since 2008, while the growth trajectories of both the area and number of glacial lakes have gradually stabilized. However, given the backdrop of a slight increase in precipitation and a gradual increase in temperature, the proliferation of glacial lakes is projected to accelerate predominantly in Nyingchi City’s eastern and western regions.

The current ice lake dataset in the western region of Nyingchi requires further improvement. Due to the intricate distribution of ice lakes and imprecise boundary delineation, research tends to overlook small-scale ice lakes in this area. Moreover, most related studies have focused solely on variations in ice lake areas within key regions, such as the Himalayas, with little attention given to changes occurring in southeastern Tibet. The frequency of ice and snow disasters in the study area has been steadily increasing over the years. Therefore, this study utilizes Landsat satellite images and employs visual interpretation methods to generate more precise and comprehensive maps depicting the distribution of ice lakes in the western region of Nyingchi Province for the years 1994, 2010, 2018, and 2022. Additionally, changes in scale and spatial patterns of different types of ice lakes were investigated. Between 1994 and 2022, the ice lake area in the study area significantly increased by 22.5%, reaching a total of 35.8 ± 3.0 km2. This expansion was primarily driven by glacier-fed lakes, which experienced a remarkable growth rate of 30.8%. In contrast, the non-glacier-fed lakes experienced an increase by only 15.6%. Notably, ice lakes at higher elevations exhibited a peak in expansion, with those above 5143.0 m experiencing the most substantial growth rate of 44.8%. The long-term expansion rate of ice lakes is investigated through the measurement of changes in their boundaries, with the aim to understand the factors contributing to their growth. These findings indicate the rapid expansion of the ice lake near the glacier, with an annual growth rate of 1.3% per annum. Specifically, the glacial-fed section exhibited an expansion rate of 1.1% per annum, while the nonglacial-fed section experienced a growth rate of 0.6% per annum. The seasonal variability in marine glaciers is the primary factor influencing the expansion of ice lakes in this region, with temperature and precipitation serving as the principal driving forces impacting the transformation of these lakes. The data provided by the research results will facilitate a comprehensive understanding of the dynamics and mechanisms governing the ice lake in western Nyingchi, thereby contributing to an enhanced scientific comprehension of potential disaster risks associated with this ice lake.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation is a rare complication in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), typically occurring after immunosuppressive therapy for immune‐related adverse events (irAEs). Here, we report a unique case of severe CMV gastritis in a patient receiving cemiplimab, an anti‐PD‐1 antibody, and talimogene laherparepvec (T‐VEC), an oncolytic virus, without prior irAEs or immunosuppressive treatment. A 63‐year‐old man with advanced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma received cemiplimab for one year and a single T‐VEC injection for recurrent disease. He presented with progressive dyspepsia, significant weight loss, and malnutrition requiring total parenteral nutrition. Endoscopy revealed extensive gastric ulceration, and biopsies confirmed CMV gastritis. Initial treatment with intravenous ganciclovir improved his viral load but provided minimal symptomatic relief. After six weeks of therapy, biopsies showed resolution of CMV infection, and the patient transitioned to oral valganciclovir for prophylaxis while resuming cancer treatment. This case highlights the potential for CMV reactivation in patients undergoing ICI therapy, even without prior immunosuppression or irAEs. Notably, the concurrent use of T‐VEC raises questions about the interplay between oncolytic viruses, ICIs, and immune modulation. Although T‐VEC is not known to directly cause CMV reactivation, its role in amplifying immune responses warrants further investigation. As ICIs and oncolytic viruses become increasingly integral in oncology, clinicians must remain vigilant for rare infectious complications like CMV reactivation. Further research is needed to elucidate mechanisms, identify risk factors, and optimize management strategies for these events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

STUDY QUESTION Does the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in the endometrium regulate endometrial receptivity in patients with recurrent implantation failure (RIF)? SUMMARY ANSWER A high abundance of PCNA attenuates endometrial adhesive capacity and decidualization in patients with RIF. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Aberrant expression of PCNA has been discovered in multiple infertility-related disorders. However, the expression pattern and role of PCNA in the establishment of endometrial receptivity and endometrial decidualization in patients with RIF remain unclear. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION We analysed the expression of PCNA in mid-secretory endometrial tissues from 24 patients with RIF and 24 healthy women. Additionally, PCNA expression levels were measured in proliferative and mid-secretory phase endometrial tissue samples from women with regular menstrual cycles and in decidual tissue samples taken from ten women during normal early pregnancy (n = 10 per phase for each group). The function and regulatory mechanisms of PCNA in endometrial adhesive capacity and endometrial decidualization were investigated using BeWo spheroids, Ishikawa cells, and human endometrial stromal cells (HESCs). PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS The expression of PCNA in mid-secretory endometrial tissues of patients with RIF and women with normal endometrium and in endometrial tissue at different stages of the menstrual cycle and in decidualized tissues was analysed by RT-qPCR, western blot, and immunohistochemistry staining (IHC). Furthermore, the number of BeWo spheroids directly attached to the Ishikawa cell monolayers, and the potential molecular mechanisms involved, were compared between cells overexpressing PCNA and a control group. Additionally, the effect and regulatory mechanisms of PCNA on the decidualization of HESCs in vitro were investigated. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Our findings indicated that the abundance of PCNA was dramatically greater in mid-secretory endometrial tissues from patients with RIF than in those from women with healthy endometrium. The expression of PCNA increased in the proliferative phase of the menstrual cycle but decreased gradually in the mid-secretory phase and in decidual tissues. Interestingly, PCNA was expressed in both human endometrial epithelial cells (HEECs) and HESCs. In Ishikawa cells, PCNA overexpression dramatically reduced the endometrial adhesive capacity by inhibiting the expression of adhesion molecules (E-cadherin and integrin β3) and activating the FAK/paxillin signalling pathway. Furthermore, in HESCs, PCNA overexpression attenuated endometrial decidualization by activating the AKT/β-catenin signalling pathway and increasing tight junctions between cells by upregulating ZO-1 and occludin expression. In addition, PCNA-ELAVL1 interactions were confirmed by coimmunoprecipitation in decidualized HESCs. LARGE SCALE DATA N/A. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION The functional analysis of PCNA was limited by the number of human endometrial tissues. A larger sample size is required to further explore the potential roles of PCNA during embryo implantation. Moreover, the present results should be taken with caution, as only a few of the embryos that were transferred in RIF patients population underwent preimplantation genetic testing for embryonic chromosome aneuploidies (PGT-A), despite embryo ploidy testing being significant in the diagnosis of unexplained RIF. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THESE FINDINGS High PCNA expression attenuates endometrial adhesive capacity and decidualization in patients with RIF. These findings provide new insights into the potential mechanisms underlying the occurrence of implantation failure. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (82101698), Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation (ZR2021MH012), and the Science and Technology Plan of Yantai (2023YD021 and 2022YD031). The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chemotherapeutic agent-induced nausea and vomiting are the severe adverse effects that are induced by their stimulations on the peripheral and/or central emetic nerve pathways. Even though ginger has been widely used as an herbal medicine to treat emesis, mechanisms underlying its neuronal actions are still less clear. The present study aimed to determine the chemotherapeutic agent vincristine-induced effect on gastroesophageal vagal afferent nerve endings and the potential inhibitory role of ginger constituent 6-shogaol on such response. Two-photon neuron imaging studies were performed in ex vivo gastroesophageal-vagal preparations from Pirt-GCaMP6 transgenic mice. Vincristine was applied to the gastroesophageal vagal afferent nerve endings, and the evoked calcium influxes in their intact nodose ganglion neuron somas were recorded. The responsive nodose neuron population was first characterized, and the inhibitory effects of 5-HT3 antagonist palonosetron, TRPA1 antagonist HC-030031, and ginger constituent 6-shogaol were then determined. Vincristine application at gastroesophageal vagal afferent nerve endings elicited intensive calcium influxes in a sub-population of vagal ganglion neurons. These neurons were characterized by their positive responses to P2X2/3 receptor agonist α,β-methylene ATP and TRPA1 agonist cinnamaldehyde, suggesting their nociceptive placodal nodose C-fiber neuron lineages. Pretreatment with TRPA1 selective blocker HC-030031 inhibited vincristine-induced calcium influxes in gastroesophageal nodose C-fiber neurons, indicating that TRPA1 played a functional role in mediating vincristine-induced activation response. Such inhibitory effect was comparable to that from 5-HT3 receptor antagonist palonosetron. Alternatively, pretreatment with ginger constituent 6-shogaol significantly attenuated vincristine-induced activation response. The present study provides new evidence that chemotherapeutic agent vincristine directly activates vagal nodose nociceptive C-fiber neurons at their peripheral nerve endings in the upper gastrointestinal tract. This activation response requires both TRPA1 and 5-HT3 receptors and can be attenuated by ginger constituent 6-shogaol. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The remove of the organic pollutants in water plays an important role on the environmental protection, thus photocatalysis, as an effective method, has been attained much attention to deal with this problem. In this paper, a composite of g-C3N4 and Mg–Al hydrotalcite derived metal oxides was prepared by simple co-precipitation methods followed by calcination. The effective adsorption-photocatalysis synergic effect and highly efficient removal of organic pollutants from water under simulated sunlight irradiation was found in the presence of fabricated metal oxide nanocomposites. The photocatalytic degradation rate of methylene blue reached 97.3% within 1 h under visible light, and the degradation rate constant was 0.0432 min−1, which is 3.6 times that of g-C3N4. Though characterization analysis, more active sites are exposed to absorb more organic pollutants on the mater surface in the presence of the open hierarchical structures of composite materials, and the "face to face" contact structure between 2D materials is formed to promote the separation of electrons and holes. The photocatalytic degradation was stable in the recycling process of the catalyst. In addition, the photocatalytic degradation mechanism of the catalyst was explained by free radical scavenging experiment. The material provides an effective method for removing organic pollutants in water, and has broad application prospects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although several epidemiological studies have investigated associations between poultry and fish consumption and pancreatic cancer (PC) risk, these findings have been inconsistent. The present study aimed to perform a meta-analysis to comprehensively evaluate these associations. We retrieved Eligible cohort studies and case-control studies published before February 2020 from the Medline, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library and applied a random or fixed effects model to calculate the pooled relative risk (RR) and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI). Publication bias was detected using funnel plots, Begg's test, and Egger's test, and the study quality was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. We included 25 studies in the analyses. The pooled RR of PC for the highest vs. lowest poultry intake category was 1.14 (95% CI: 1.02–1.26) in cohort studies. There was no appreciable link between fish intake and PC risk (RR: 1.00, 95% CI: 0.93–1.07). Our results suggest that large amount of poultry intake may increase PC risk, while fish intake is unlikely to be linked to PC risk. These links require further investigation, particularly between poultry and PC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A potential relationship between poor prognosis and thrombocytosis has been suggested by previous studies in lung cancer, but the conclusions continued to be controversial. Here, we performed a meta-analysis to explore the prognostic impact of thrombocytosis in lung cancer. The Cochrane Library, EMBASE and PubMed databases were comprehensively and systematically retrieved from establishment to May 5, 2020. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were applied to evaluate overall effects. Heterogeneity was assessed using I2 statistics and Cochran's Q test. Sensitivity and subgroup analyses were performed to analyze the sources of heterogeneity. Publication bias was examined using the Egger's test and pooled HR was regulated using the trim-and-fill approach when publication bias was observed. A total of 37 studies including 14,833 patients were enrolled in the meta-analysis. Thrombocytosis was significantly correlated to poor overall survival (HR 1.033; 95% CI 1.017–1.050), disease-free survival (HR 1.568; 95% CI 1.276–1.928), and progression-free survival (HR 1.653; 95% CI 1.069–2.556). Although publication bias was identified, rectification for this bias using the trim-and-fill approach did not change the combined HR substantially. In conclusion, this meta-analysis result suggested that thrombocytosis is a predictor of poor prognosis in lung cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Conclusion: BAI in RPR may exert anti-tumor effects by inhibiting the proliferation, migration and invasion of LC cells, and inducing the apoptosis of LC cells. ORIGINAL RESEARCH Anti-Lung Cancer Targets of Radix Paeoniae Rubra and Biological Molecular Mechanism: Network Pharmacological Analyses and Experimental Validation This article was published in the following Dove Press journal: OncoTargets and Therapy Yunfei Ma 1 Guangda Li 2 Mingwei Yu 1 Kexin Cao 1 Qiwei Li 1 Xu Sun 3 Guowang Yang 1 Xiaomin Wang 1 1 Department of Oncology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China; 2 School of Graduates, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China; 3 Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China Objective: To systematically explore the pharmacological mechanism of Radix Paeoniae Rubra (RPR) against lung cancer (LC). According to PPI network analysis and GO analysis, the anti-tumor effect of RPR was closely related to the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. Cell Experiments In vitro, the results of MTT assay showed that (+)- catechin (maximum concentration 800 M) and paeoniflorin (maximum concentration 800 M) had no obvious anti-tumor effect on A549 cells in 24, 48 and 72 h and the inhibition rate of 200 M ellagic acid on A549 cells was only about 35% in 48 h. [Extracted from the article]

Objective: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was to evaluate the effects of acupuncture and moxibustion (AM) in women with breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL). Methods: We retrieved RCTs published before January 24, 2021, from the MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chongqing VIP (VIP), and Wanfang databases. RCTs that compared acupuncture and/or moxibustion intervention with other treatments were included. A random effects or fixed effects model was used based on the heterogeneity findings. Study quality was evaluated using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Results: We included 14 RCTs in the analyses, of which 4 RCTs adopted acupuncture, 4 RCTs used moxibustion, and the rest used both. AM significantly reduced arm circumference at the elbow crease compared to routine care (Mean deviation (MD) = −7.26, 95% confidence interval (CI) = −8.30 to −6.21, P <.00001). There was a significant difference between AM and diosmin tablets in the effective index for upper limb lymphedema (MD = 24.68, 95% CI = 24.82-30.53, P <.00001), the range of motion of the shoulder during protraction (MD = 6.77, 95% CI = 2.81-10.73, P =.0008), and adduction (MD = 4.17, 95% CI = 1.02-7.32, P =.01). There was a significant difference between moxibustion and pneumatic circulation (MD = −0.51, 95% CI = −0.85 to −0.17, P =.003) in the visual analog score (VAS) for swelling. Finally, compared to the blank control, acupuncture reduced the VAS for pain (MD = −1.33, 95% CI = −1.52 to −1.15, P <.00001; heterogeneity (I 2) = 0%, P =.57). Conclusion: Our results suggest that AM is effective in the treatment of BCRL. AM may reduce arm circumference at the elbow crease (compared to routine care), increase effective index for upper limb lymphedema (compared to oral diosmin tablets), improve the range of motion of the shoulder during protraction and adduction (compared to oral diosmin tablets), and decrease the VAS for both swelling (compared to pneumatic circulation) and pain (compared to blank control). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Heartburn and non-cardiac chest pain are the predominant symptoms in many esophageal disorders, such as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), non-erosive reflux disease (NERD), functional heartburn and chest pain, and eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE). At present, neuronal mechanisms underlying the process of interoceptive signals in the esophagus are still less clear. Noxious stimuli can activate a subpopulation of primary afferent neurons at their nerve terminals in the esophagus. The evoked action potentials are transmitted through both the spinal and vagal pathways to their central terminals, which synapse with the neurons in the central nervous system to induce esophageal nociception. Over the last few decades, progress has been made in our understanding on the peripheral and central neuronal mechanisms of esophageal nociception. In this review, we focus on the roles of capsaicin-sensitive vagal primary afferent nodose and jugular C-fiber neurons in processing nociceptive signals in the esophagus. We briefly compare their distinctive phenotypic features and functional responses to mechanical and chemical stimulations in the esophagus. Then, we summarize activation and/or sensitization effects of acid, inflammatory cells (eosinophils and mast cells), and mediators (ATP, 5-HT, bradykinin, adenosine, S1P) on these two nociceptive C-fiber subtypes. Lastly, we discuss the potential roles of capsaicin-sensitive esophageal afferent nerves in processing esophageal sensation and nociception. A better knowledge of the mechanism of nociceptive signal processes in primary afferent nerves in the esophagus will help to develop novel treatment approaches to relieve esophageal nociceptive symptoms, especially those that are refractory to proton pump inhibitors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Ginger has been used as an herbal medicine worldwide to relieve nausea/vomiting and gastrointestinal discomfort, but the cellular and molecular mechanisms of its neuronal action remain unclear. The present study aimed to determine the effects of ginger constituent 6‐shogaol on gastroesophageal vagal nodose C‐fibers. Methods: Extracellular single‐unit recording and two‐photon nodose neuron imaging were performed, respectively, in ex vivo gastroesophageal‐vagal preparations from wild type and Pirt‐GCaMP6 transgenic mice. The action potential discharge or calcium influx evoked by mechanical distension and chemical perfusions applied to the gastroesophageal vagal afferent nerve endings were recorded, respectively, at their intact neuronal cell soma in vagal nodose ganglia. The effects of 6‐shogaol on nodose C‐fiber neurons were then compared and determined. Key Results: Gastroesophageal application of 6‐shogaol‐elicited intensive calcium influxes in nodose neurons and evoked robust action potential discharges in most studied nodose C‐fibers. Such activation effects were followed by a desensitized response to the second application of 6‐shogaol. However, action potential discharges evoked by esophageal mechanical distension, after 6‐shogaol perfusion, did not significantly change. Pretreatment with TRPA1 selective blocker HC‐030031 inhibited 6‐shogaol‐induced action potential discharges in gastric and esophageal nodose C‐fiber neurons, suggesting that TRPA1 played a role in mediating 6‐shogaol‐induced activation response. Conclusion and Inferences: This study provides evidence that ginger constituent 6‐shogaol directly activates vagal afferent C‐fiber peripheral gastrointestinal endings. This activation leads to desensitization to subsequent application of 6‐shogaol but not subsequent esophageal mechanical distension. Further investigation is required to establish a possible contribution in its anti‐emetic effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

WC-reinforced Ni60 composite coatings with different types of WC particles were prepared on 304 stainless steel surface by laser cladding. The influences of spherical WC, shaped WC, and flocculent WC on the microstructures and properties of composite coatings were investigated. The results showed that three types of WC particles distribute differently in the cladding coatings, with spherical WC particles stacking at the bottom, shaped WC aggregating at middle and lower parts, with flocculent WC particles dispersing homogeneously. The hardnesses, wear resistances, corrosion resistances, and thermal shock resistances of the coatings are significantly improved compared with the stainless steel substrate, regardless of the type of WC that is added, and especially with regard to the microhardness of the cladding coating; the addition of spherical or shaped WC particles can be up to 2000 HV0.05 in some areas. Flocculent WC, shaped WC, and spherical WC demonstrate large to small improvements in that order. From the results mentioned above, the addition of flocculent WC can produce a cladding coating with a uniform distribution of WC that is of higher quality compared with those from spherical WC and shaped WC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is a common and often long-lasting symptom for many breast cancer survivors. Evidence for its management is scarce. However, the Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Shu Gan Jian Pi (SGJP) granules is an effective and practical therapy for CRF. Methods/design: We will conduct a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial to determine whether the SGJP granules can effectively manage CRF. Breast cancer survivors experiencing fatigue within 5 years of primary treatment completion will be enrolled and randomly assigned to Group S (SGJP) or Group P (placebo). The primary outcome measures will include Revised Piper Fatigue Scale score. Outcome measures will be collected at baseline and at weeks 2, 4, and 8. Discussion: This study's findings may contribute to the development of an effective intervention for CRF. Trial Registration: Current controlled trials ISRCTN12702489 , 14 August, 2013. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. To study the mechanism of Huayu Wan on the metastasis of Lewis lung cancer in mice via the platelet pathway. Method. Construction of the lung metastasis model by injection of Lewis cells through the tail vein. The next day, 72 mice were randomly divided into the Huayu Wan group (HYW), the aspirin group, the control group, and the normal group. Treatment was given for 5 days per week for a total of 16 days. The size and distribution of lung metastases were observed. Thromboelastography was used to detect platelet function, flow cytometry was used to analyze platelet activation, and ELISA was used to detect platelet tumor metastasis-related factor expression. Result. Lung weight in the control group was significantly higher than that in the HYW group P < 0.05 . The distribution of lung metastases in the control group was obviously more than that in the HYW group. The thromboelastogram showed that the R value of the control group was significantly lower than the normal group, while the R values of the HYW and aspirin groups were higher than the control group P < 0.05 . Flow cytometry analysis showed that the expression of CD62P in platelet-rich plasma in the control group was significantly higher than that in the normal group, while the expression of CD62P in the HYW and aspirin groups was lower than that in the control group P < 0.05 . In addition, ELISA showed that the expression of VEGF, bFGF, and CD62P in serum of the HYW group was significantly decreased than the control group P < 0.05 , and the expression of VEGF and bFGF in serum of the aspirin group was significantly decreased than the control group P < 0.05 . Conclusion. The mechanism of Huayu Wan inhibiting the metastasis of lung cancer in mice may be related to the improvement of blood hypercoagulability, the inhibition of platelet activation, and the expression of VEGF, bFGF, and CD62P. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ice lakes in the southeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau have exhibited a pronounced expansion against the backdrop of global warming, consequently amplifying the local risk of ice lake outburst disasters. However, surveys of ice lake changes in the entire region have consistently been incomplete due to the prevalent high cloud density. On the basis of Landsat remote sensing images and the Google Earth Engine (GEE) cloud computing platform, in this study, the full convolution segmentation algorithm is utilized to accurately and comprehensively map the regional distribution of ice lakes in southeastern Tibet at consistent time intervals in 1993, 2008, and 2023. Furthermore, the formation, distribution, and dynamic changes in these ice lakes are investigated. The numbers of ice lakes discovered in 1993, 2008, and 2023 were 2520, 3198, and 3877, respectively. These lakes covered areas of approximately 337.64 ± 36.86 km 2 , 363.92 ± 40.90 km 2 , and 395.74 ± 22.72 km 2 , respectively. These ice lakes are located primarily between altitudes of 4442 m and 4909 m. The total area experienced an annual growth rate of approximately 0.57 % from 1993 to 2023. In the present study, the long-term variations in ice lakes in each district and county are examined. These findings indicate that between 1993 and 2023, the expansion of ice lakes was more pronounced in regions with a large number of marine glaciers. Notably, Basu County presented the highest annual growth rate of the ice lake population, at 6.23 %, followed by Bomi County, at 4.28 %, and finally, Zayul County, at 2.94 %. The accelerated shrinkage of marine glaciers induced by global warming is the primary driver behind the expansion of ice lakes. The results obtained from this research will enhance our overall understanding of the complex dynamics and mechanisms that govern the formation of ice lakes while also offering valuable perspectives on the potential risks linked to their expansion in this particular area., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict interest.The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: GUO yonggang reports article publishing charges was provided by College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry University. GUO yonggang reports a relationship with College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry University that includes: non-financial support. Mingwei YU Feng LI Yonggang GUO Libin SU Deshun QIN has patent pending to Heliyon. No conflict of interest If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (© 2024 The Authors.)