9 results on '"Yoav Zeevi"'
Search Results
2. Bounded rationality in C. elegans is explained by circuit-specific normalization in chemosensory pathways
- Author
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Dror Cohen, Guy Teichman, Meshi Volovich, Yoav Zeevi, Lilach Elbaum, Asaf Madar, Kenway Louie, Dino J. Levy, and Oded Rechavi
- Subjects
Science - Abstract
Innate odor preferences in C. elegans are controlled by the activation of a pair of olfactory sensory neurons. Here, the authors show that asymmetric activation of the AWCON and AWCO FF neurons can lead to irrational olfactory preferences that are explained by a model of normalization of sensory gain control.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Attraction to similar options: The Gestalt law of proximity is related to the attraction effect.
- Author
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Liz Izakson, Yoav Zeevi, and Dino J Levy
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Previous studies have suggested that there are common mechanisms between perceptual and value-based processes. For instance, both perceptual and value-based choices are highly influenced by the context in which the choices are made. However, the mechanisms which allow context to influence our choice process as well as the extent of the similarity between the perceptual and preferential processes are still unclear. In this study, we examine a within-subject relation between the attraction effect, which is a well-known effect of context on preferential choice, and the Gestalt law of proximity. Then, we aim to use this link to better understand the mechanisms underlying the attraction effect. We conducted one study followed by an additional pre-registered replication study, where subjects performed a Gestalt-psychophysical task and a decoy task. Comparing the behavioral sensitivity of each subject in both tasks, we found that the more susceptible a subject is to the proximity law, the more she displayed the attraction effect. These results demonstrate a within-subject relation between a perceptual phenomenon (proximity law) and a value-based bias (attraction effect) which further strengthens the notion of common rules between perceptual and value-based processing. Moreover, this suggests that the mechanism underlying the attraction effect is related to grouping by proximity with attention as a mediator.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Author Correction: The role of mPFC and MTL neurons in human choice under goal-conflict
- Author
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Tomer Gazit, Tal Gonen, Guy Gurevitch, Noa Cohen, Ido Strauss, Yoav Zeevi, Hagar Yamin, Firas Fahoum, Talma Hendler, and Itzhak Fried
- Subjects
Science - Abstract
An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Multi-domain potential biomarkers for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) severity in recent trauma survivors
- Author
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Nimrod Jackob Keynan, Ziv Ben-Zion, Pinchas Halpern, Talma Hendler, Haggai Sharon, Yoav Zeevi, Arieh Y. Shalev, Roee Admon, Tal Kozlovski, Israel Liberzon, and Yoav Benjamini
- Subjects
Adult ,Psychometrics ,Article ,lcsh:RC321-571 ,Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic ,Young Adult ,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,Humans ,Medicine ,Survivors ,lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,Biological Psychiatry ,Depression (differential diagnoses) ,Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) ,business.industry ,Cognitive flexibility ,Cognition ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Anxiety Disorders ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Cognitive test ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Anxiety ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,Psychiatric disorders ,business ,Insula ,Biomarkers ,Neuroscience ,Clinical psychology - Abstract
Contemporary symptom-based diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) largely overlooks related neurobehavioral mechanisms and relies entirely on subjective interpersonal reporting. Previous studies associating biomarkers with PTSD have mostly used symptom-based diagnosis as the main outcome measure, disregarding the wide variability and richness of PTSD phenotypical features. Here, we aimed to computationally derive potential biomarkers that could efficiently differentiate PTSD subtypes among recent trauma survivors. A three-staged semi-unsupervised method (“3C”) was used to firstly categorize individuals by current PTSD symptom severity, then derive clusters based on clinical features related to PTSD (e.g. anxiety and depression), and finally to classify participants’ cluster membership using objective multi-domain features. A total of 256 features were extracted from psychometrics, cognitive functioning, and both structural and functional MRI data, obtained from 101 adult civilians (age = 34.80 ± 11.95; 51 females) evaluated within 1 month of trauma exposure. The features that best differentiated cluster membership were assessed by importance analysis, classification tree, and ANOVA. Results revealed that entorhinal and rostral anterior cingulate cortices volumes (structural MRI domain), in-task amygdala’s functional connectivity with the insula and thalamus (functional MRI domain), executive function and cognitive flexibility (cognitive testing domain) best differentiated between two clusters associated with PTSD severity. Cross-validation established the results’ robustness and consistency within this sample. The neural and cognitive potential biomarkers revealed by the 3C analytics offer objective classifiers of post-traumatic morbidity shortly following trauma. They also map onto previously documented neurobehavioral mechanisms associated with PTSD and demonstrate the usefulness of standardized and objective measurements as differentiating clinical sub-classes shortly after trauma.
- Published
- 2020
6. The role of mPFC and MTL neurons in human choice under goal-conflict
- Author
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Noa Cohen, Ido Strauss, Yoav Zeevi, Firas Fahoum, Tal Gonen, Guy Gurevitch, Talma Hendler, Tomer Gazit, Itzhak Fried, and Hagar G. Yamin
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Adolescent ,Punishment (psychology) ,Science ,Models, Neurological ,Prefrontal Cortex ,General Physics and Astronomy ,Affect (psychology) ,Choice Behavior ,Brain mapping ,behavioral disciplines and activities ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Article ,Temporal lobe ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Punishment ,Reward ,Reaction Time ,Humans ,Goal conflict ,Prefrontal cortex ,lcsh:Science ,Aged ,Neurons ,Brain Mapping ,Motivation ,Multidisciplinary ,musculoskeletal, neural, and ocular physiology ,General Chemistry ,Middle Aged ,Temporal Lobe ,030104 developmental biology ,nervous system ,behavior and behavior mechanisms ,Female ,lcsh:Q ,Psychology ,Goals ,Neuroscience ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,psychological phenomena and processes - Abstract
Resolving approach-avoidance conflicts relies on encoding motivation outcomes and learning from past experiences. Accumulating evidence points to the role of the Medial Temporal Lobe (MTL) and Medial Prefrontal Cortex (mPFC) in these processes, but their differential contributions have not been convincingly deciphered in humans. We detect 310 neurons from mPFC and MTL from patients with epilepsy undergoing intracranial recordings and participating in a goal-conflict task where rewards and punishments could be controlled or not. mPFC neurons are more selective to punishments than rewards when controlled. However, only MTL firing following punishment is linked to a lower probability for subsequent approach behavior. mPFC response to punishment precedes a similar MTL response and affects subsequent behavior via an interaction with MTL firing. We thus propose a model where approach-avoidance conflict resolution in humans depends on outcome value tagging in mPFC neurons influencing encoding of such value in MTL to affect subsequent choice., Optimizing approach-avoidance behavior calls for neural encoding of related motivation outcomes. Here, the authors show that behavioral choice under conflict relies on differential neuronal firing patterns after punishment, in which mPFC neurons decode the outcome’s value and MTL neurons follow by reducing subsequent approach.
- Published
- 2020
7. Attraction to similar options: The Gestalt law of proximity is related to the attraction effect
- Author
-
Yoav Zeevi, Dino J. Levy, and Liz Izakson
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Context (language use) ,050105 experimental psychology ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Perception ,Similarity (psychology) ,Psychophysics ,Humans ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Attention ,media_common ,Multidisciplinary ,Mechanism (biology) ,05 social sciences ,Experimental economics ,Attraction ,Gestalt Theory ,Pattern Recognition, Visual ,Space Perception ,Visual Perception ,Medicine ,Gestalt psychology ,Female ,Psychology ,Value (mathematics) ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Cognitive psychology ,Research Article - Abstract
Previous studies have suggested that there are common mechanisms between perceptual and value-based processes. For instance, both perceptual and value-based choices are highly influenced by the context in which the choices are made. However, the mechanisms which allow context to influence our choice process as well as the extent of the similarity between the perceptual and preferential processes are still unclear. In this study, we examine a within-subject relation between the attraction effect, which is a well-known effect of context on preferential choice, and the Gestalt law of proximity. Then, we aim to use this link to better understand the mechanisms underlying the attraction effect. We performed one study followed by an additional pre-registered replication study, where subjects performed a Gestalt-psychophysical task and a decoy task. Comparing the behavioral sensitivity of each subject in both tasks, we found that the more susceptible a subject is to the proximity law, the more she displayed the attraction effect. These results demonstrate a within-subject relation between a perceptual phenomenon (proximity law) and a value-based bias (attraction effect) which further strengthens the notion of common rules between perceptual and value-based processing. Moreover, this suggests that the mechanism underlying the attraction effect is related to grouping by proximity with attention as a mediator.
- Published
- 2020
8. Potential Neurocognitive Biomarkers for Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Severity in Recent Trauma Survivors
- Author
-
Nimrod Jackob Keynan, Ziv Ben-Zion, Haggai Sharon, Pinchas Halpern, Tal Kozlovski, Yoav Benjamini, Israel Liberzon, Talma Hendler, Yoav Zeevi, Roee Admon, and Arieh Y. Shalev
- Subjects
Psychometrics ,business.industry ,Functional neuroimaging ,Cognitive flexibility ,Medicine ,Cognition ,business ,medicine.disease ,Neurocognitive ,Insula ,Psychopathology ,Clinical psychology ,Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) - Abstract
Contemporary symptom-based diagnosis of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) largely overlooks related neurobehavioral findings and rely entirely on subjective interpersonal reporting. Previous studies associating objective biomarkers with PTSD have mostly used the disorder’s symptom-based diagnosis as main outcome measure, overlooking the actual clustering and richness of phenotypical features associated with PTSD. Here, we aimed to computationally derive potential neurocognitive biomarkers that could efficiently differentiate PTSD subtypes, based on an observational cohort study of recent trauma survivors. A three-staged semi-unsupervised method (“3C”) was used to categorize trauma survivors based on current PTSD diagnostics, derive clusters of PTSD based on features related to symptom load, and to classify participants’ cluster membership using objective features. A total of 256 features were extracted from psychometrics, cognitive, structural and functional neuroimaging data, obtained from 101 adult civilians (age=34.80±11.95, 51 females) evaluated within a month of trauma exposure. Multi-domain features that best differentiated cluster membership were indicated by using importance analysis, classification trees, and ANOVA. Results revealed that entorhinal and rostral anterior cingulate cortices volumes (structural domain), in-task amygdala’s functional connectivity with the insula and thalamus (functional domain), executive function and cognitive flexibility (cognitive domain) best differentiated between two clusters related to PTSD severity. Cross-validation established the results’ robustness and consistency within this sample. Multi-domain biomarkers revealed by the 3C analytics offer objective classifiers of post-traumatic morbidity shortly following trauma. They also map onto previously documented neurobehavioral PTSD features, supporting the future use of standardized and objective measurements to more precisely identify psychopathology subgroups shortly after trauma.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Author Correction: The role of mPFC and MTL neurons in human choice under goal-conflict
- Author
-
Talma Hendler, Yoav Zeevi, Hagar G. Yamin, Itzhak Fried, Tal Gonen, Ido Strauss, Guy Gurevitch, Firas Fahoum, Noa Cohen, and Tomer Gazit
- Subjects
2019-20 coronavirus outbreak ,Motivation ,Multidisciplinary ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,Science ,MEDLINE ,General Physics and Astronomy ,General Chemistry ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Reward ,Goal conflict ,lcsh:Q ,Psychology ,Author Correction ,lcsh:Science ,Neuroscience - Abstract
An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
- Published
- 2020
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