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Highlights The Ag/H co-doping strategy has been proposed to promote the performance of Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 (CZTSSe) devices. The incorporation of H in Ag-based CZTSSe photovoltaic absorber is expected to improve the poor electrical conductivity and the low carrier density caused by Ag substitution Benefiting from the synergism of the excellent defect passivation effect and photoelectric properties complementary effect enabled by Ag/H co-doping, a champion device with 14.74% efficiency is achieved

Abstract It has been validated that enhancing crystallinity and passivating the deep‐level defect are critical for improving the device performance of kesterite Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 (CZTSSe) solar cells. Coordination chemistry interactions within the Cu‐Zn‐Sn‐S precursor solution play a crucial role in the management of structural defects and the crystallization kinetics of CZTSSe thin films. Therefore, regulating the coordination environment of anion and cation in the precursor solution to control the formation process of precursor films is a major challenge at present. Herein, a synergetic crystallization modulation and defect passivation method is developed using P2S5 as an additive in the CZTS precursor solution to optimize the coordination structure and improve the crystallization process. The alignment of theoretical assessments with experimental observations confirms the ability of the P2S5 molecule to coordinate with the metal cation sites of CZTS precursor films, especially more liable to the Zn2+, effectively passivating the Zn‐related defects, thereby significantly reducing the defect density in CZTSSe absorbers. As a result, the device with a power conversion efficiency of 14.36% has been achieved. This work provides an unprecedented strategy for fabricating high‐quality thin films by anion‐coordinate regulation and a novel route for realizing efficient CZTSSe solar cells.

IntroductionNonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common metabolic disorder associated with insulin resistance (IR). Triglyceride glucose waist circumference (TyG-WC) is a novel index of IR that reflects both visceral fat and hepatic steatosis. However, it is not known whether TyG-WC and NAFLD exhibit a nonlinear relationship in Japanese subjects with normal plasma glucose level. Thus, we examined the relationship between TyG-WC and NAFLD, in addition to determining the threshold level of TyG-WC associated with NAFLD.MethodsA secondary analysis was performed based on a previous study that extracted medical examination records from Murakami Memorial Hospital between 2004 and 2015 in order to detect chronic diseases and their risk factors. TyG-WC was determined at baseline. NAFLD is the dependent variable. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to evaluate the risk of NAFLD incidence. Based on the smoothing plot, a two-piecewise linear regression model was used to examine the threshold effect of TyG-WC on NAFLD. A subgroup analysis was carried out in order to study other factors that may influence the association between TyG-WC and NAFLD.Results14,280 met the criteria for inclusion in the current secondary analysis. The adjusted OR (95% CI) for NAFLD in all subjects was 1.007 (95% CI 1.006–1.009, P < 0.001). The relationship between TyG-WC and NAFLD in Japanese subjects with normal plasma glucose level is nonlinear. TyG-WC is positively associated with NAFLD when TyG-WC is ranged between 480 and 800. In subgroup analyses, there was a significant interaction between BMI and TyG-WC associated NAFLD risk (P for interaction

Due to the advantages of simple construction, easy application and good environmental suitability, handheld structured-light measurement systems have broad application prospects in 3D measurements. Here, a monocular-vision-guided line-structured-light measurement system is developed, and the posture of the handheld device can be obtained via a specifically designed target attached to it. No more marker points need to be adhered onto the object under inspection. The key for the system calibration is to obtain the coordinate transformation matrix from the sensor to the featured target coordinate system. The mathematical model of the system is first established. Then, an improved multi-view calibration method is proposed, where a selection process for the image pairs is conducted for accuracy improvement. With this method, the maximum relative error of the measured stair heights can be reduced from 0.48% to 0.16%. The measurement results for the specific parts further verified the effectiveness of the proposed system and the calibration method.

This paper describes the development and validation of a liquid chromatography–mass spectrometric assay for propafenone and its application to a pharmacokinetic study of propafenone administered as a new propafenone hydrochloride sustained-release capsule (SR-test), as an instant-release tablet (IR-reference) and as the market leader sustained-release capsule (Rythmol, SR-reference) in male beagle dogs (n=8). In Study A comparing SR-test with IR-reference in a crossover design Tmax and t1/2 of propafenone for SR-test were significantly higher than those for IR-reference while Cmax and AUC were lower demonstrating the sustained release properties of the new formulation. In Study B comparing SR-test with SR-reference the observed Cmax and AUC of propafenone for SR-test (124.5±140.0 ng/mL and 612.0±699.2 ng·h/mL, respectively) were higher than for SR-reference (78.52±72.92 ng/mL and 423.6±431.6 ng·h/mL, respectively) although the differences were not significant. Overall, the new formulation has as good if not better sustained release characteristics to the market leader formulation.

"nBackground: The aim of this study was to assess the association between insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in Chinese adults."nMethods: Fifty five subjects with NAFLD and 55 controls were enrolled for the study. Waist circumference, blood pressure, plasma triglyceride, high density lipoprotein cholesterol and fasting plasma glucose concentrations and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) values as an index used to quantify insulin resistance were measured and analyzed. Logistic regression was analyzed to predict independent risk factors of NAFLD."nResults: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in NAFLD group was obviously higher than in controls group (47.3% VS 3.6%, P

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the association between insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in Chinese adults. Methods: Fifty five subjects with NAFLD and 55 controls were enrolled for the study. Waist circumference, blood pressure, plasma triglyceride, high density lipoprotein cholesterol and fasting plasma glucose concentrations and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) values as an index used to quantify insulin resistance were measured and analyzed. Logistic regression was analyzed to predict independent risk factors of NAFLD. Results: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in NAFLD group was obviously higher than in controls group (47.3% VS 3.6%, P