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In recent time many materials have been develop which are used for packaging applications. Here, a new type of composite for packaging has been developed consisting of hexagonal wire mesh as reinforced and rigid polyurethane foam as matrix material, which give high strength to weight ratio, good tensile and compressive strength. Tensile strength of reinforced-polyurethane foam composite (RPFC) is increased by 2.71 times and compressive strength is increased by 107% when compared with unreinforced polyurethane foam (UPF). Energy absorb by reinforced foam composite is 59.04% more than unreinforced one when drop test is performed. Reinforced-polyurethane foam composite (RPFC) can preferred for packaging where good surface hardness, thermal stability and controlling load-unload cycles is needed. As it show better results when tested by Shore D, DSC, TGA and Damping tests respectively. RPFC has good interfacial bonding between them as shown by scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) result. A comparative study of reinforced-polyurethane foam composite and unreinforced polyurethane foam has been done. Test results validation is done by using finite element methods ANSYSWorkbench14.5 and solidwork15. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Phenol-modified cardanol–formaldehyde novolac resins have been synthesized using equal proportions of phenol and cardanol. To this mixture of phenol and cardanol, 0.6 and 0.8 mol of formaldehyde were added separately, under acidic conditions, at five different temperatures ranging between 80 and 120°C with an interval of 10°C. This was carried out for a maximum period of 6 h. The free formaldehyde and free phenol contents were determined at regular time intervals to check the completion of the reaction. The synthesized novolacs have been studied by infrared spectroscopic analysis (FT-IR). The reaction between cardanol, phenol, and formaldehyde was found to follow a second-order rate kinetics. The overall rate constant (k) increased with the increase of temperature. Based on the value of rate constants, various other parameters such as activation energy (Ea), change in enthalpy (Δ H) and entropy (Δ S), and free energy change (Δ G) of the reaction were also evaluated. It was found that the condensation reaction of phenol and cardanol with formaldehyde was nonspontaneous and irreversible. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 42: 380–389, 2010 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses a study which investigated the mechanics and morphology of polyphenylene sulfide/liquid crystalline polymer blends compatibilized with a maleic anhydride grafted copolymer. A corotating twin-screw extruder was used to prepare blends of thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer (LCPA-950). It was observed that the compatibilizer played a role in the viscosity of the compatibilized in situ composite.