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Under the background of One Belt and One Road, western cultural factors, especially western taboo culture, should be taken into consideration in the image design of tourism products when developing tourism. Based on the principle of image positioning, this paper puts forward some preliminary suggestions in this regard.

By optical microscopy and SEM-energy spectrometry, some phenomena that relate to lake-bottom hydrothermal activities, such as the presence of siliceous rocks, ankerite laminar deposits, evidence for marcasite brassil anhydrite symbiosis systems and authigenetic albite filling in early diagenetic fractures, have been discovered in the Chang 7 high-quality source beds of the Yanchang Formation, Ordos Basin. Various geochemical data of the Chang 7 high-quality source rocks testify further to the existence of lake-bottom hydrothermal activities, and they include abnormally abundant S2- content (on average 7.37%), Mo, Cu, U and Mn positive anomalies, high ratios of U to Th, the positive carbon isotope composition of crystalline ankerite (δ13C from 2.88 to 3.03‰), depleted oxygen isotope composition (δ18O PDB from −16.41 to −16.17‰), the enrichment of microelements like Cu and Mn, and isotopically enriched in 34S sulfur isotope compositions of strawberry-shaped pyrite (δ34S CDT from 2.37 to 5.90‰). In the early sedimentary period of the Chang 7, the activation of floor ruptures by violent regional structural activities was a dynamic factor that produced lake-bottom hydrothermal activities. The hydrothermal activities played an important role in accelerating the extensive development of the Chang 7 high-quality source rocks. 摘 要: 光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜-能谱仪观测在鄂尔多斯盆地延长组长7优质烃源层中发现了硅质岩、铁白云石纹层沉积、白铁矿-黄铁矿-硬石膏共生体系、早期成岩缝中的自生钠长石充填作用等可能与湖底热水活动有关的现象。能进一步佐证同期湖底热水活动存在的证据还有：长7优质烃源岩中异常高的二价硫含量（平均7.37%），Mo、Cu、U、Mn等微量元素的显著正异常特征，高的U/Th值，微晶铁白云石纹层偏重的碳同位素组成（2.88‰～3.03‰)、偏轻的氧同位素组成（－16.41‰～－16.17‰）和富集Cu、Mn等微量元素的特征，莓状黄铁矿偏正的硫同位素组成（2.37‰～5.90‰）特征等。长7段沉积期始，强烈的区域构造活动对基底断裂的激活作用是产生湖底热水活动的动力学因素，湖底热水活动对长7优质烃源岩的大规模发育具有重要的促进作用。图6表1参14 Key words: lake-basin expansion, lake-bottom hydrothermal activity, high-quality source rock, Late Triassic, Ordos Basin

Background: Acupuncture is a well-known treatment option for ischemic stroke recovery, but evidence of its effectiveness remains limited. This is a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effectiveness of acupuncture treatment for ischemic stroke rehabilitation. Methods: Rehabilitation training was provided to the control group. In acupuncture arm 1, these acupoints were derived from the ancient books, including GV20 (baihui), GV26 (shuigou), PC9 (zhongchong), ST6 (jiache), ST4 (dicang), LI15 (jianyu), LI11 (quchi), LI4 (hegu), GB30 (huantiao), GB31 (fengshi), GB34 (yanglingquan), and GB39 (xuanzhong). In acupuncture arm 2, the acupoints used were GV20 (baihui), PC6 (neiguan), LI11 (quchi), LI10 (shousanli), SJ5 (waiguan), LI4 (hegu), GB30 (huantiao), ST36 (zusanli), GB34 (yanglingquan), SP6 (sanyinjiao), ST41 (jiexi), and LR3 (taichong), which were extracted from Acupuncture and Moxibustion Science. After acupuncture, the needles were left in for 30 min and manually manipulated every 10 min. The three groups received treatment once a day, 5 times a week for 2 weeks. The primary outcome was the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), and the secondary outcomes were the Barthel Index (BI) and the Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS). Outcomes were measured in patients both before and after treatment. Results: A total of 497 patients with ischemic stroke were randomized into either arm 1 (159 cases), arm 2 (173 cases), or the control group (165 cases). After 2 weeks of treatment, the NIHSS scores for arm 1 were lower than those of the control group (P = 0.017); the BI scores were higher in arm two than that in the control group at T2 (P = 0.016) and follow-up (P = 0.020). Additionally, there was no significant difference between arm one and the control group for either the BI scores or the MAS scores (P > 0.05) and no significant difference between arm two and the control group for the MAS scores or the NIHSS scores (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The clinical efficacy of arm 1 and arm 2 (acupuncture groups) was superior to that of the control group, but there was no difference between the effects of the two acupuncture groups. Clinical Trial Registration: http://www.chictr.org.cn/index.aspx, identifier: ChiCTR-IOR-16008627. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous studies have proved that fibrin is an excellent scaffold material for tissue engineered blood vessel. However, the mechanical properties of fibrin are not enough. One way to solve the problem is to combine polymer materials with fibrin to enhance its biomechanical properties. In this study, a novel polycaprolactone (PCL)/fibrin composite scaffold was prepared by electrospinning technology. The morphological, physicochemical analysis, blood compatibility, biomechanical properties, biocompatibility and biodegradability of this vascular scaffold were evaluated. The results showed that electrospun PCL/fibrin scaffold possessed smaller aperture and larger fiber diameter than that of fibrin scaffold. The swelling ratio of the vascular PCL/fibrin scaffold at (0:100), (10:90), (20:80) and (30:70) was 112 ± 5.3, 103 ± 6.9, 94 ± 5.9 and 89 ± 3.4%, respectively. Mechanical properties of fibrin scaffolds were enhanced significantly by the addition of PCL. Furthermore, the time of plasma re-calcification, activated partial thromboplastin time and thromboplastin time in four different proportions of PCL/fibrin scaffolds were similar to that of the control group. Degradation experiments in vitro demonstrated that the degradation rate of PCL/fibrin scaffold was closely related to the content of PCL. MTT assays and immunofluorescence staining indicated that the stem cells cocultured with the PCL/fibrin scaffold had good proliferation behavior. Live/dead assay confirmed that the number of MSCs in the PCL/fibrin (10:90) group was significantly increased as compared to other groups. The tests in vivo results showed PCL/fibrin scaffold could promote cell infiltration and tissue regeneration and its degradation in vivo was faster than that of PCL scaffold. In summary, PCL/fibrin (20:80) scaffold exhibited balanced mechanical properties and degradability, as well as good cell compatibility properties; therefore, it was a promising tissue engineering material for vascular graft. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We propose and demonstrate a wavelength switchable mode-locked Erbium-doped fiber laser with carbon nanotubes for mode-locking and a tapered two-mode fiber (TTMF) based filter for wavelength selection. The TTMF based filter constructed with single-mode fiber-TTMF-single-mode fiber configuration, features smooth interference spectrum. It is attributed to that only two modes are involved into the interference in the specially designed TTMF, which is confirmed by both simulations and experiments. Moreover, the free spectral range (FSR) of the TTMF based filter can be arbitrarily chosen by controlling the taper diameter. Depending on the FSR of the TTMF based filter, the central wavelengths of the mode-locking operation of the Erbium-doped fiber laser based on carbon nanotubes can be switched between two wavelengths with FSR of 8.5 nm and three wavelengths with FSR of 3.1 nm, respectively. This fiber laser is flexible source for various applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To evaluate the prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) within the empty‐nest older adults population in poor rural areas of the Hunan province of China, and to explore the effects of resilience and affective balance on cognitive functioning within this specific population. Methods: A cross‐sectional, multistage, random cluster survey was administered to participants from March 2013 to December 2014 in the Hunan province. There were a total of 1164 participants. These participants were empty‐nest older adults who were residing in poor rural areas of the Hunan province. The data was collected in two stages. In stage 1, the participants were administered the Montreal Cognitive Assessment for screening cognitive impairment. In stage 2, the participants were screened for any potential cognitive impairment, were administered a series of neuropsychological tests and received a definitive diagnosis for MCI, if the criteria were met. Resilience and affect balance were assessed by the Chinese modified version of the Stress Resilience Quotient and the Affect Balance Scale. Results: The prevalence of MCI was 38.40% within this empty‐nest older adult population. Significant differences were found between MCI and non‐MCI empty‐nest older adults specific to resilience and affect balance. Path analysis showed that resilience mediated the relationship between MCI and affect balance. Conclusions: Resilience and affect balance were less prominent within the MCI empty‐nest older adults than those in the non‐MCI group. The results suggest that resilience is a mediating variable between MCI and affect balance. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2019; 19: 222–227. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder that is characterized by episodic yet cumulative heterotopic ossification (HO) in skeletal muscles, tendons, and ligaments over a patient's lifetime. FOP is caused by missense mutations in the type I bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) receptor ACVR1. We have determined that the formation of heterotopic bone in FOP requires activation of mutant ACVR1 by Activin A, in part by showing that prophylactic inhibition of Activin A blocks HO in a mouse model of FOP. Here we piece together a natural history of developing HO lesions in mouse FOP, and determine where in the continuum of HO Activin A is required, using imaging (T2-MRI, μCT, 18F-NaF PET/CT, histology) coupled with pharmacologic inhibition of Activin A at different times during the progression of HO. First, we show that expansion of HO lesions comes about through growth and fusion of independent HO events. These events tend to arise within a neighborhood of existing lesions, indicating that already formed HO likely triggers the formation of new events. The process of heterotopic bone expansion appears to be dependent on Activin A because inhibition of this ligand suppresses the growth of nascent HO lesions and stops the emergence of new HO events. Therefore, our results reveal that Activin A is required at least up to the point when nascent HO lesions mineralize and further demonstrate the therapeutic utility of Activin A inhibition in FOP. These results provide evidence for a model where HO is triggered by inflammation but becomes 'self-propagating' by a process that requires Activin A. © 2017 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research Published by Wiley Periodicals Inc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Enrofloxacin (ENFX) has a broad-spectrum antibiotic activity, which is widely used in aquaculture. The effect of different ENFX exposure ways on the gut microbiota of tilapia is unclear. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of ENFX exposure on the gut microbiota of tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus). Three methods of ENFX exposure were selected: injection (IEG), oral administration (OEG) and soaking (SEG). After 48 h of exposure period, the intestine of tilapia was collected for high-throughput sequencing. PCoA analysis revealed a distinct clustering of control group, and which was located rather far away from ENFX exposure groups. The dominant phyla in the gut microbiota of tilapia fish were Proteobacteria , Actinobacteriota , Fusobacteria and Firmicutes. Compared to the control group, phylum Fusobacteriota was increased in SEG and IEG while decreased in OEG. ENFX treatment led to a decline in Corynebacterium , Clostridium sensu stricto_3 and Bacillus in treated fish compared with control fish, accompanied by an increase in Akkermansia , Ralstonia and Romboutsia. IEG had the least effect on gut microbiota of tilapia because it retained more microbes among treatment groups. Alpha- diversity decreased the most in SEG, but retained more probiotics such as Cetobacterium and Akkermansia. We assessed the effect of enrofloxacin on tilapia by changes in intestinal flora. The result indicated that either exposure method significantly reduced the diversity of tilapia gut microbiota. It may provide basic data for the scientific use of ENFX in aquaculture. [Display omitted] • Exposure of ENFX markly reduced the diversity of intestinal microflora in tilapia. • Injection groups had the least effect on gut microbiota of tilapia. • The soaking group retained more probiotic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Non-bone in vivo micro-CT imaging has many potential applications for preclinical evaluation. Specifically, the in vivo quantification of changes in the vascular network and organ morphology in small animals, associated with the emergence and progression of diseases like bone fracture, inflammation and cancer, would be critical to the development and evaluation of new therapies for the same. However, there are few published papers describing the in vivo vascular imaging in small animals, due to technical challenges, such as low image quality and low vessel contrast in surrounding tissues. These studies have primarily focused on lung, cardiovascular and brain imaging. In vivo vascular imaging of mouse hind limbs has not been reported. We have developed an in vivo CT imaging technique to visualize and quantify vasculature and organ structure in disease models, with the goal of improved quality images. With 1–2 minutes scanning by a high speed in vivo micro-CT scanner (Quantum CT), and injection of a highly efficient contrast agent (Exitron nano 12000), vasculature and organ structure were semi-automatically segmented and quantified via image analysis software (Analyze). Vessels of the head and hind limbs, and organs like the heart, liver, kidneys and spleen were visualized and segmented from density maps. In a mouse model of bone metastasis, neoangiogenesis was observed, and associated changes to vessel morphology were computed, along with associated enlargement of the spleen. The in vivo CT image quality, voxel size down to 20 μm, is sufficient to visualize and quantify mouse vascular morphology. With this technique, in vivo vascular monitoring becomes feasible for the preclinical evaluation of small animal disease models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Uniform hollow superparamagnetic poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)/Fe3O4 composite microspheres composed of an inner cavity, PLGA inner shell and Fe3O4 outer shell have been synthesized by a modified oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion-solvent evaporation method using Fe3O4 nanoparticles as a particulate emulsifier. The obtained composite microspheres with an average diameter of 2.5 μm showed excellent monodispersity and stability in aqueous medium, strong magnetic responsiveness, high magnetite content (>68%), high saturation magnetization (58 emu g−1) and high efficiency in lysozyme adsorption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Benzocyclobutene (BCB) moieties were incorporated into a typical polyolefin, poly(methyl acrylate), by free radical copolymerization of benzocyclobutene-4-yl acrylate and methyl acrylate. The subsequent cross-linking of the generated copolymers by ring-opening reaction of BCB gave rise to shape-memory polymers. This new cross-linking process did not require cross-linker and yielded small molecules. Most importantly, submicron-sized particles within the cross-linked polymers, which were observed using atomic force microscope, were induced by this cross-linking strategy. The results of the shape-memory tests suggested that the cross-linked polymers displayed good shape-memory performance. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Transgenic poplar shoots were obtained using Agrobacterium-mediated in situ bud transformation. The method is demonstrated for the first time for poplar. Buds of Populus cathayana Rehd were co-cultivated with an Agrobacterium strain LBA4404 harbouring the binary vector pBI101-Bmk-chi. With the procedure described here, transformation efficiencies of 1% and 2.24% were achieved in 2006 and 2007, respectively. Stable integration of the transgene sequence was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction and Southern hybridization. The transgenes could be inherited by vegetative propagation. The novel approach circumvented tedious tissue culture procedures and was simple and versatile; hence, it could be readily integrated into conventional tree breeding, especially for species or cultivars not responding to tissue culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Insomnia and the inability to sleep affect people's health and well-being. However, its systematic estimates of prevalence and distribution in the general population in China are still lacking. A population-based cluster sampling survey was conducted in the rural and urban areas of Hunan, China. Subjects (n = 26,851) were sampled from the general population, with a follow-up using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) for interview to assess quality of sleep and Insomnia (PSQI score >5). While the overall prevalence of insomnia was 26.6%, and little difference was found between males (26.3%) and females (27.0%); the mean PSQI score was 4.26 (±2.67), and significant higher in females (4.32 ± 2.70) than males (4.21 ± 2.64, p = 0.003). Individuals in the rural areas tended to report a higher PSQI score (4.45 ± 2.81) than urban residents did (4.18 ± 2.60) (p < 0.001) and the estimates of prevalence of insomnia was 29.4% in the rural areas, significant higher than 25.5% in the urban areas (p < 0.001). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that female gender, older age, higher level of education, being unmarried, living in the rural area, cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking were associated with insomnia. Our study may provide important information for general and mental health research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bone morphogenetic protein 2 ( BMP2 ) in chromosomal region 20p12 belongs to a gene superfamily encoding TGF-β-signaling proteins involved in bone and cartilage biology. Monoallelic deletions of 20p12 are variably associated with cleft palate, short stature, and developmental delay. Here, we report a cranioskeletal phenotype due to monoallelic truncating and frameshift BMP2 variants and deletions in 12 individuals from eight unrelated families that share features of short stature, a recognizable craniofacial gestalt, skeletal anomalies, and congenital heart disease. De novo occurrence and autosomal-dominant inheritance of variants, including paternal mosaicism in two affected sisters who inherited a BMP2 splice-altering variant, were observed across all reported families. Additionally, we observed similarity to the human phenotype of short stature and skeletal anomalies in a heterozygous Bmp2 -knockout mouse model, suggesting that haploinsufficiency of BMP2 could be the primary phenotypic determinant in individuals with predicted truncating variants and deletions encompassing BMP2 . These findings demonstrate the important role of BMP2 in human craniofacial, skeletal, and cardiac development and confirm that individuals heterozygous for BMP2 truncating sequence variants or deletions display a consistent distinct phenotype characterized by short stature and skeletal and cardiac anomalies without neurological deficits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The hollow Fe3O4/poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) composite microspheres have been successfully prepared via emulsion–solvent evaporation method. The composite microspheres exhibited superparamagnetism, good magnetic response and narrow size distribution. The composite microspheres could assemble into linear aligned arrays under an ultra-low magnetic field. Once the ultra-low magnetic field was removed, the linear assemblies could be easily re-dispersed in aqueous solution to recover to the assembly units, namely the Fe3O4/PLGA composite microspheres. Such reversibly transformational morphologies between the linear assemblies and the assembly units would contribute to giving full play to the functions of the material. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Aeromonas hydrophila , an aquatic pathogenic bacterium, has been found to infect many fish species and cause huge aquaculture losses. Antibiotics are the most common drugs used to treat these infections. However, antibiotic abuse can lead to the development of antibiotic resistance. Probiotics have the potential to replace antibiotics for preventing infections. Zebrafish ( Danio rerio ) is a model organism used to study the innate immune system and host-pathogen interactions. Currently, there is little information on how the fish immune system responds to A. hydrophila and probiotic treatment. To increase the understanding of the molecular mechanisms behind the zebrafish defense against A. hydrophila and provide evidence that antibiotics can be replaced by probiotics, a transcriptome analysis of the zebrafish spleen was conducted 48 hours after infection by A. hydrophila , as well as after treatment using Lactococcus lactis KUST48 4 hours after infection. A total of 36,499 genes were obtained. There were 3,337 genes found to have significant differential expression between treatment and control groups. According to further annotation and enrichment analysis, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were involved in signal transduction, endocrine system cancer, and the immune system. Insulin resistance disappeared in the zebrafish after treatment. Quantitative real-time PCR was performed to confirm the significant regulation of immune defense DEGs, the results of which were consistent with the RNA-sequencing data. These results could serve as a basis for future studies on the immune response to A. hydrophila and provide suggestions for probiotic alternatives to antibiotics, which will be of great significance to aquaculture and environmental protection.IMPORTANCEIn recent years, the unreasonable use of antibiotics has led to the emergence of drug-resistant pathogenic bacteria, antibiotic residues, cross infection, toxic side effects, and so on, which has caused a serious threat to human food safety and life health. In recent years, many studies have demonstrated the potential of probiotics as a substitute for antibiotics, but there is still a lack of understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying probiotic therapy. We conduct a research on the impact of Lactococcus lactis KUST48 on the transcription profile of Aeromonas hydrophila -infected zebrafish spleen. Mortality of zebrafish infected with A. hydrophila was significantly reduced after treatment with L. lactis KUST48. Our results can help to strengthen our understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms of zebrafish and provide a valuable reference for the molecular mechanisms of probiotic therapy., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.