Search

Background: Nasal and paranasal sinus abnormalities may be related to nasolacrimal duct obstructive disease but are strongly debated. Data of acute disease stage are lacking. Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine if there are correlations between radiologic signs of sinus inflammation and acute dacryocystitis (AD). Methods: This cross-sectional controlled study was conducted at Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China from February 2021 to November 2023. Forty-four consecutive patients with AD and 50 consecutive patients with orbital tumors (the control group), who completed preoperative computed tomography scans, were enrolled to evaluate the extent of their inflammatory sinonasal disease by the modified Lund-Mackay score system. Results: The inflammation signs of the paranasal sinuses (total mean sinus scores, 95% CI [0.00, 2.00]; P < 0.001), namely the anterior ethmoid sinus(95% CI [0.00, 1.00]; P < 0.001), the posterior ethmoid sinus(95% CI [0.00, 0.00]; P = 0.003), the frontal sinus (95% CI [0.00, 0.00]; P = 0.02), and the ostiomeatal complex (P < 0.001) were more extensive in patients with AD when compared with the controls. The disease course was negatively correlated with the anterior ethmoid (P = 0.03) and frontal scores (P = 0.01). The symptom of eyelid swelling was positively correlated with the anterior ethmoid (P = 0.03), ostiomeatal complex (P = 0.004), and total sinus scores (P = 0.005). Conclusion: Inflammatory sinus disease was found to be more frequent in patients with AD, which was gradually alleviated with the prolongation of the disease course. The mutual spread of inflammation particularly in the acute course may play an important role in lacrimal duct obstructive disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To summarize the clinical manifestations of craniofacial fibrous dysplasia (CFD) patients with ocular complications, and find effective methods to diagnose early. Nine CFD patients with ocular complications, and their parents were recruited in this study. All patients underwent ocular and systemic examinations. Bone lesions from all patients and peripheral blood from patients and their parents were collected for whole exome sequencing (WES). According to the screening for low-frequency deleterious variants, and bioinformatics variants prediction software, possible disease-causing variants were found in multiple CFD patients. The variants were validated by Sanger sequencing. Trio analysis was performed to verify the genetic patterns of CFD. All patients were diagnosed with CFD, according to the clinical manifestations, classic radiographic appearance, and pathological biopsy. The main symptoms of the 9 CFD patients, included visual decline (9/9), craniofacial deformity (3/9) and strabismus (2/9), with few extraocular manifestations. The family backgrounds of all the CFD patients indicated that only the patient was affected, and their immediate family members were normal. GNAS variants were identified in all bone lesions from CFD patients, including two variant types: c.601C > T:p.R201C(6/9) and c.602G > A:p.R201H (3/9) in exon 8. The detection rate reached 100% by WES, but only 77.8% by Sanger sequencing. Interestingly, we found GNAS variants could not be detected in peripheral blood samples from CFD patients or their parents, and other potentially disease-causing gene variants related to CFD were not found. For CFD patients with bone lesions involving the optic canal or sphenoid sinus regions, ocular symptoms should also be considered. Furthermore, we confirmed that CFD is not inherited, somatic variants in the GNAS gene are the main pathogenic gene causing CFD. Compared to the traditional methods in molecular genetic diagnosis of CFD, WES is more feasible and effective but limited in the type of samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The increased trends in psychological distress and mental illness have been of great significance in public health concerns. The study aimed to investigate the proportion and correlates of meeting 24‐h movement guidelines (including moderate to vigorous physical activity, screen time and sleep duration) and the associations between 24‐h movement guidelines met and mental well‐being and psychological distress in a large sample of Chinese students. Methods: All participants received a physical examination and filled out questionnaires in this study. Chi‐square tests were used to analyse the proportion of reaching 24‐h guidelines by gender and logistic regression was used to analyse correlates of meeting 24‐h guidelines. Two binary logistic regression models were used to analyse the association between meeting 24‐h guidelines and mental well‐being and psychological distress. The back‐propagation artificial neural network was used to describe the importance of the independent variables. Results: The findings revealed a generally low rate of meeting the 24‐h movement guidelines, particularly concerning moderate to vigorous physical activity (16.5%). Meeting all three guidelines was related to better mental health in both boys and girls. Particularly, meeting screen time guideline and meeting sleep duration guideline appeared to be more important on mental outcomes, compared to meeting moderate to vigorous physical activity guideline. Compared with boys, girls were more susceptible to the influences of 24‐h movement guidelines on mental health. Conclusions: Meeting all three components of the 24‐h movement guidelines was associated with the most favourable mental health outcomes for both boys and girls. Thus, maintaining a daily balance of sufficient physical activity, limited screen time, and adequate sleep is crucial for enhancing the mental health status of students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the feasibility of endoscopic transnasal optic canal decompression (ETOCD) guided by a navigation surgical system (NSS) for vision recovery in patients with compressive optic neuropathy (CON) caused by craniofacial fibrous dysplasia (CFD), and to explore the underlying cause of visual impairment. Methods: All patients underwent unilateral NSS‐guided ETOCD and were followed up periodically for at least six months. Paired sample t‐test and Pearson correlation analyses were used to compare continuous variables of the visual outcomes at the final review. A histopathological test of abnormal bone specimens was performed postoperatively. Results: Thirty‐four patients were finally included, and all surgeries were uneventful. The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) (logMAR units) decreased from 1.29 ± 0.80 preoperatively to 0.97 ± 0.78 at the last follow‐up (p = 0.0012), improving in 28 patients (82.35%). The absolute value of mean defect (MD) significantly decreased (p < 0.001). Color vision was impaired in 17 patients preoperatively and improved in 6 patients. BCVA at the last follow‐up was significantly correlated with preoperative BCVA, onset time, preoperative retinal nerve fibril layer thickness, and MD (all p < 0.05). Among 34 patients, 26 had a blunt bony process near the anterior foot of the optic chiasm. Of the total patients, 73.53% patients experienced bony fiber recurrence 6 months or earlier after surgery without visual loss. Conclusion: NSS‐guided ETOCD appeared to be safe and effective for visual recovery in patients with CON due to CFD, and early surgical intervention was critical for long‐term recovery. Unbalanced compression of the optic canal by the blunt bony process may be a major cause of visual impairment. Level of Evidence: 4 Laryngoscope, 133:1857–1866, 2023 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]