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Objectives: To compare subjective and objective localization of the inferior alveolar canal (IAC) on multidetector CT (MDCT) images obtained by ultralow doses in combination with the reconstruction techniques of filtered backprojection (FBP), adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction (ASIR), or model-based iterative reconstruction (MBIR) as compared to standard dose MDCT and FBP. Methods: Three cadavers were imaged with a reference standard dose MDCT examination (volume CT dose index: 29.4 mGy) reconstructed with FBP and 5 low dose protocols (LD1-5) (volumeCT dose index: 4.19, 2.64, 0.99, 0.53, 0.29 mGy) reconstructed with FBP, ASIR 50, ASIR 100, and MBIR. Linear measurements from the crest of the ridge to the roof of the IAC were recorded. The results from the test protocols were compared with those from the reference using Bland–Altman plots. Results: Only three test protocols allowed the identification of the position of the IAC on all the sample sites: LD1/FBP and LD1/ASIR 100 and LD2/FBP. All three protocols allowed identification of the IAC with comparable results to the reference dose protocol; the 95% confidence interval limits for the measurement differences were ± 0.41 mm, but the differences were not statistically significant. The calculated effective dose for the LD2 protocol, for a scan length of 5 cm, was 27.7 µSv. Conclusions: Using FBP, comparable IAC measurements were achieved with 91% reduction in dose compared with a standard exposure protocol. The use of ASIR and MBIR did not improve identification of the IAC in MDCT low dose images.