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An intelligent system is the most effective measure to improve transportation efficiency and urban congestion. The traditional parking space detection technology has some defects, such as low detection accuracy, inconvenient wiring and high cost, which are not conducive to the application of an intelligent detection system. In view of the widespread imbalance between demand and supply of parking spaces, the detection technology based on magnetoresistance sensors has obvious advantages in network, cost, accuracy and operating environment. Therefore, in this paper, a parking space detection system is studied and designed based on the combination of magnetoresistance and microwave radar sensor under the IoT platform, which aims at improving the utilisation rate of parking spaces, meeting the parking space supply, reducing the degree of urban congestion and advancing the management level and efficiency. The effectiveness and practicability of the designed system are verified through data analysis and various functional tests.

Simple Summary: Using homegrown forage instead of imported alfalfa hay (AH) improves animal productivity and reduces feed costs, but the benefits of feeding high-quality common vetch hay (CVH) to lambs are not clear. This study aimed to determine the effect of replacing alfalfa hay with common vetch hay on growth performance, rumen fermentation, and rumen microbiota of fattening lambs. The results showed that substitution of AH by CVH in ruminant diets result in improvements in fattening performance and economic efficiency and a reduction in the methane produced per unit of ADG, thereby resulting in advantageous in decreasing reliance on imported AH. The aim of this study was to determine whether the inclusion of 40% of common vetch (CV) hay as a feed ingredient in place of alfalfa hay (AH) would improve performance and ruminal fermentation and microbiota in fattening lambs. Twenty lambs were equally divided into two groups: control group (fed 40% AH with 20% rice straw) and CV group (fed 40% CV hay with 20% rice straw). Concerning hay quality, CV hay had greater in vitro digestibility of dry matter and neutral detergent fiber (p < 0.05) than AH. Lambs fed the CV diet had a higher average daily gain (ADG) and efficiency of feed and economy than lambs fed the control group. The NH3-N content and estimated methane produced per unit of ADG of the CV diet group were significantly lower (p < 0.05) than control group. Multiple differential microbial genera were identified, with Prevotella being the most dominant genus and a tendency towards higher (p = 0.095) in lambs offered CV diet. The higher Ruminococcus abundance (p < 0.05) was found in animals of the CV group compared to the control group. In summary, CV can be incorporated into lamb diets as a low-cost forage alternative to AH to improve feed efficiency and animal performance and to reduce methane produced per unit of ADG. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

INTRODUCTION: Visceral adipose tissue-derived serine protease inhibitor (vaspin) is an adipokine. It has been reported that decreased serum vaspin levels are significantly associated with stroke severity and prognosis. OBJECTIVE: This article aims to explore the theoretical feasibility of vaspin supplementation for cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. METHODS: The I/R mouse models were constructed by the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) method, and the effects of vaspin on cerebral infarction, neurological function, angiogenesis and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress were explored. To verify the mediation of ER stress in the regulation of vaspin, human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs) were subjected to ER stress agonist tunicamycin in vitro. The impacts of vaspin and tunicamycin on oxygen glucose deprivation/ recovery (OGD/R)-induced cell viability, apoptosis, and angiogenesis were examined. RESULTS: Vaspin inhibited blood-brain barrier breakdown and infarction occurred in the brain tissue of the I/R mice. Vaspin also enhanced cerebral neovascularization and reduced the apoptosis. Additional tunicamycin increased the apoptosis of HBMECs and inhibited angiogenesis, reversing the protective effect of vaspin on cells. CONCLUSION: Together, this study reveals that vaspin supplementation reduces cerebral infarction and works against neurological dysfunction. It maintains the survival and angiogenesis capacity of HBMECs by inhibiting ER stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The reliability modeling and optimization of performance sharing systems (PSSs) are of vital importance due to their wide applications. Existing research mainly focuses on evaluating and maximizing the reliability of PSSs. However, in many practical systems, decision‐makers tend to prioritize the average cost of the system over its reliability. This paper studies the resource allocation optimization in common bus PSSs. In such systems, each unit has binary‐state random performance to satisfy the multi‐state random demand. The surplus performance can be shared via a common bus with transmission loss between the common bus and the unit. The performance allocation, performance transmission, and unsupplied demand incur costs. Resource allocation strategies are determined by optimization models considering different objective functions and constraints. Additionally, transmission loss between the common bus and the unit is considered. A genetic algorithm is employed to efficiently find the optimal allocation strategies. Numerical examples prove the effectiveness of the proposed models in improving system reliability and reducing system costs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Metal (iso)cyanides dominate the molecular inventory of metal-bearing species in the interstellar medium. Their oxide counterparts, metal (iso)cyanates, have potential as interstellar molecules and have received significant attention. However, cationic complexes HNCOM+ as precursors to metal (iso)cyanates are rarely studied. Herein, we investigated HNCOCa+ by exploiting infrared spectrometry with isotopic substitutions and quantum chemical calculations. For comparison, the light and heavy alkaline earth metal cationic complexes HNCOBe+ and HNCOBa+ were also explored. HNCOCa+ and HNCOBe+ rather than HNCOBa+ can be experimentally generated by the reactions of metal cations with HNCO. The observed antisymmetric and symmetric NCO stretching vibrations in HNCOCa+ (2362.6 and 1330.4 cm−1) are higher than those in free HNCO (2268.5 and 1320.3 cm−1) but lower than those in HNCOBe+ (2426.4 and 1355.2 cm−1). These shifts can be explained by the charge polarization within the NCO fragment in HNCOBe+ and HN-COCa+. Bonding analysis suggests that HNCO–Be+ bond favors covalent character (54%) while HNCO–Ca+ bond has higher electrostatic character (57%). The dominant electrostatic interaction (64%) in HNCO–Ba+ bond results in the low bond energy, which might account for its absence in experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Trifluoroacetylacetone (TFAA) has two enol forms, which can switch to each other via proton transfer. While much attention has been paid to their conformational preferences, the influence of microsolvation on regulating the proton position remains unexplored. Herein, we report the rotational spectra of trifluoroacetylacetone–(water)n (n = 1–3) investigated by chirped pulse Fourier transform microwave spectroscopy in the 2–8 GHz frequency range. Two conformers were identified for both TFAA–H2O and TFAA–(H2O)2, while only one conformer was characterized for TFAA–(H2O)3. The results indicate that water binding on the CH3 side stabilizes the enolF form, whereas water binding on the CF3 side stabilizes the enolH form. The enolF form predominates over the enolH form in these hydrated complexes, which contrasts with the fact that only enolH exists in isolated TFAA. EnolH becomes preferred only when water inserts itself into the intramolecular hydrogen bond. Instanton theory calculations reveal that the proton transfer reaction is dominated by quantum tunneling at low temperatures, leading to the stable existence of only one enol form in each configuration of the hydrated clusters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Shared-radiator design of a broadband and dual-mode antenna that simultaneously covers the VHF/UHF band and satellite navigation band is presented for personal role radio (PRR) applications. Quadrifilar helix antenna (QHA) is devised to be a circularly polarized radiator which as well acts as a part of the upper half radiation arm of the dipole antenna and be equivalent to a linearly polarized radiation current carrier at VHF/UHF band, forming a symmetrical dipole antenna with a sinusoidal current distribution. A 5th-order balanced matching network comprised of five cascade L-sections is adopted to obtain the maximum possible working band-width and a 3.76:1 band-width (116 %) at VHF/UHF band is achieved. Strong mutual coupling effect of the two operating modes is observed near 1.5 GHz originated from QHA shared-radiator design, and a new balun structure is applied to achieve high isolation and self-decoupling, subsequently |S21| of the two operating modes is significantly reduced from about −18 dB to below −32 dB at satellite navigation band without affecting the reflection coefficient and radiation efficiency. The measured results show that radiation patterns of the manufactured prototype is basically consistent with corresponding simulation counterparts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series of coinage metal complexes in the form of TMC(CO)n− (TM = Cu, Ag, Au; n = 0–3) were generated using a laser-ablation supersonic expansion ion source in the gas phase. Mass-selected infrared photodissociation spectroscopy in conjunction with quantum chemical calculations indicated that the TMC(CO)3− complexes contain a linear OCTMCCO− core anion. Bonding analyses suggest that the linear OCTMCCO− anions are better described as the bonding interactions between a singlet ground state TM+ metal cation and the OC/CCO2− ligands in the singlet ground state. In addition to the strong ligands to metal σ donation bonding components, the π-bonding components also contribute significantly to the metal–ligand bonds due to the synergetic effects of the CO and CCO2− ligands. The strengths of the bonding of the three metals show a V-shaped trend in which the second-row transition metal Ag exhibits the weakest interactions whereas the third–row transition metal Au shows the strongest interactions due to relativistic effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]